Self-locking type turning quick-change station press-fitting device

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-locking type turning quick-change station press-fitting device, and relates to the field of part machining and manufacturing, the self-locking type turning quick-change station press-fitting device comprises a main shaft disc chuck, a movable disc, a switching piece and a detachable fixing assembly, and a workpiece is detachably and fixedly mounted on the movable disc through a pressing device; the switching piece is used for switching the air inlet machining point or the pressure relief machining point of the movable disc to be located at the hole machining position of the spindle faceplate. The fixing assembly is used for detachably fixing the movable disc to the spindle faceplate. The connecting line of the air inlet hole and the pressure relief hole and the horizontal line of the rotation center of the machine tool are placed on the same straight line, that is, a workpiece to be machined is clamped on the movable disc, station exchange of the workpiece to be machined under the condition that the workpiece to be machined is not disassembled is achieved, and waste of time of the procedure of secondary disassembly and assembly of parts can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of parts processing and manufacturing, and in particular to a self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device. Background Technology

[0002] The production of aerospace structural components, automotive engine turbochargers, and other products involves a large number of semi-circular shell-type products. The main characteristics of these products are a series of concentric circles and mating stops in the center of the shell to support a bearing-like rotor device. Additionally, the shell also has a second circular hole at a different position on the same horizontal axis, such as the pressure relief valve mounting hole in a pressure shell. Turning is the most efficient machining method for machining these parts' hole systems. The methods used to machine these products generally involve a second clamping operation to machine the second hole, or using a three-axis machining center to bore the mounting hole system. The above methods require significant auxiliary machining time for the second clamping operation; while using a machining center for boring is more time-consuming than turning large holes, and it is uneconomical to use a multi-axis machining center. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to design a self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device to solve the above problems.

[0004] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: A self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device includes: Main spindle plate; A movable tray; the workpiece is detachably and fixedly mounted on the movable tray via a clamping device. Switching component; The switching component is used to switch the air intake machining point or pressure relief machining point of the moving disc located at the hole machining position of the spindle face plate; Detachable fixing component; the fixing component is used to detachably fix the moving plate to the spindle plate.

[0005] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by placing the connection line between the air inlet and the pressure relief hole on a straight line with the horizontal line of the machine tool rotation center, the workpiece to be processed is clamped on the moving plate, so that the workpiece to be processed can be exchanged at the work station without disassembly, which can avoid the waste of process time due to secondary disassembly and assembly of parts. Attached Figure Description

[0006] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device for processing air inlet holes according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device for processing pressure relief holes according to the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the guide key structure in a self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure plate in a self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing device in a self-locking turning quick-change station pressing device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a side view of the clamping device in a self-locking turning quick-change station pressing device of the present invention. The corresponding figure labels are: 1-Main spindle disc, 2-Moving disc, 3-Guide key, 4-Slide rail, 5-Limiting groove, 6-Limiting bolt, 7-First positioning pin, 8-Second positioning pin, 9-First elastic element, 10-Second elastic element, 11-Central reference hole, 12-Pressure plate, 13-Connecting ring, 14-Self-locking bolt, 15-Pressure relief pin hole, 16-Workpiece, 17-Limiting block, 18-Pressure relief hole, 19-Air inlet hole, 20-Pressure plate stop, 21-Positioning stop, 22-Clamping device. Detailed Implementation

[0007] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0008] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0009] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0010] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used to facilitate the description of this invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0011] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0012] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0013] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0014] like Figure 1 As shown, a self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device includes: Main spindle plate 1; Mobile disk 2; workpiece 16 is detachably and fixedly mounted on mobile disk 2 via a clamping device; Switching component; The switching component is used to switch the air intake machining point or pressure relief machining point of the moving disk 2 to the hole machining position of the spindle face plate 1. After the air intake machining point of the workpiece 16 is completed, an air intake hole 19 is formed; after the pressure relief machining point of the workpiece 16 is completed, a pressure relief hole 18 is formed. A detachable fixing component; the fixing component is used to detachably fix the movable disc 2 to the spindle disc 1.

[0015] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the clamping device 22 clamps and fixes the positioning stop 21 of the workpiece 16 through the pressure plate stop 20, thereby realizing the detachable and fixed installation of the workpiece 16 on the movable plate 2.

[0016] The switching component includes a guide key 3, a slide rail 4, and at least one set of limiting components. The limiting components are used to limit the movement distance of the moving disk 2 on the spindle disc 1. The guide key 3 is fixedly installed on the spindle disc 1, and the slide rail 4 is set on the moving disk 2. The guide key 3 can be slidably installed in the slide rail 4.

[0017] The switching component also includes a limiting block 17, which is fixedly installed on the spindle disc 1. The air intake machining point is located between the pressure relief machining point and the limiting block 17. The limiting block 17 is used to limit the movement distance of the moving disc 2 when the air intake machining point is switched to the pressure relief machining point.

[0018] Each limiting component includes a limiting rod and a limiting groove 5. The limiting rod is mounted on the spindle disc 1 and is located in the limiting groove 5. The moving distance of the limiting rod in the limiting groove 5 is equal to the distance between the air inlet and the pressure relief hole of the part being machined.

[0019] Both the slide rail and slide rail 4 are T-shaped structures.

[0020] The limiting rod is the limiting bolt 6, and the main spindle disc 1 is provided with a threaded hole, and the limiting bolt 6 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

[0021] The fixing components include a first positioning pin 7, a second positioning pin 8, a first elastic element 9, and a second elastic element 10. A central reference hole 11 is provided on the spindle facet 1. The first positioning pin 7 and the second positioning pin 8 can be movably installed at different positions on the movable disc 2. The two working ends of the first elastic element 9 act on the movable disc 2 and the first positioning pin 7, respectively. The two working ends of the second elastic element 10 act on the movable disc 2 and the second positioning pin 8, respectively. The direction of the elastic force of the first elastic element 9 on the first positioning pin 7 is always the first direction. The direction of the elastic force of the second elastic element 10 on the second positioning pin 8 is always the first direction. The first direction is the direction of the movable disc 2 toward the spindle facet 1. When an air inlet hole is machined at the air inlet machining point of the movable disc 2, the first positioning pin 7 is located in the central reference hole 11. When a pressure relief hole is machined at the pressure relief machining point of the movable disc 2, the second positioning pin 8 is located in the central reference hole 11.

[0022] Both the first elastic element 9 and the second elastic element 10 are compression springs or tension springs.

[0023] like Figure 5 As shown, the fixing component also includes a pressure plate 12, which is mounted on the movable disk 2. Connecting rings 13 are fixed to both the first positioning pin 7 and the second positioning pin 8. When the first elastic element 9 and the second elastic element 10 are compression springs, the lower end face of the pressure plate 12 is in contact with the first ends of the first elastic elements 9 and 10, and the second ends of the first elastic elements 9 and 10 are in contact with the connecting rings 13 on the first positioning pin 7 and the second positioning pin 8, respectively. When the first elastic element 9 and the second elastic element 10 are tension springs, the upper end face of the pressure plate 12 is fixedly connected to the first ends of the first elastic elements 9 and 10, and the second ends of the first elastic elements 9 and 10 are fixedly connected to the connecting rings 13 on the first positioning pin 7 and the second positioning pin 8, respectively.

[0024] The fastener also includes a self-locking bolt 14. The pressure plate 12 is provided with a mounting hole, and the movable plate 2 is provided with a threaded hole. The self-locking bolt 14 passes through the mounting hole and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. The size of the mounting hole is smaller than the size of the nut of the self-locking bolt 14.

[0025] The working principle of the self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device of the present invention is as follows: The basic feature of the workpiece 16 to be processed is that it is a hollow shell type. The connecting plate connected to the intermediate shell is a concentric circle with the outer end face air inlet bearing position Φ32±0.05. The pressure relief hole for installing the pressure relief valve is located on the same horizontal axis as the concentric circle of the outer end face air inlet bearing position mounting hole Φ32±0.05, with a pressure relief hole of Φ36±0.1 66 mm away. The connecting line extends outward about 45-60 mm from the tangent of the connecting plate to the air outlet. The product's external dimensions are about 190 mm long and 150 mm wide. The distance from the center of the air inlet of the connecting plate to the long end of the air outlet is only 130 mm. After the air inlet is processed, it is offset to the left by 66 mm. When processing the air inlet, the air outlet extends to the right by a maximum of 130 mm. After processing the air inlet, it is offset to the left by 66 mm. This distance is the center distance between the air inlet and the pressure relief hole.

[0026] A spindle facet 1 is installed on a UYUCK6150BS CNC machine tool. A movable disc 2 is movably mounted on the spindle facet 1 of the CNC lathe via guide keys 3 and slide rails 4. The movable disc 2 can move left and right on the guide keys 3. Figure 4 As shown, the two work positions of the workpiece 16, namely the air intake machining point and the pressure relief machining point, are accurately switched through the central reference hole 11 and the centering pin hole on the spindle face plate 1, achieving this without disassembling the parts; for example... Figure 2 The process of switching from the intake machining point to the depressurization machining point is as follows: Rotate the limiting bolt 6 to reduce the threaded connection depth between the limiting bolt 6 and the main spindle facet 1, achieving zero compressive force between the limiting bolt 6 and the moving disc 2. Then, apply external force to the first positioning pin 7, causing it to move away from the central reference hole 11 until it is completely separated from the central reference hole 11. Next, apply a leftward force to the moving disc 2, causing it to move to the left. During this process, the energy stored in the first elastic element 9 increases. When it reaches a certain level (i.e., when the force on the first positioning pin 7 is removed, the first positioning pin 7 will not enter the central reference hole 11), the force on the first positioning pin 7 is removed, and a leftward force is continued to be applied to the moving disc 2. When the second positioning pin 8 moves to the position of the central reference hole 11, the second positioning pin 8 loses the compressive force of the main spindle facet 1. Under the action of the second elastic element 10, the second positioning pin 8 moves towards the central reference hole 11 and enters it, completing the self-locking position after the switch. Figure 3As shown, the limiting bolt 6 is rotated again, which increases the thread connection depth between the limiting bolt 6 and the main shaft disc 1, thereby increasing the squeezing force between the limiting bolt 6 and the moving disc 2 and assisting in fixing the moving disc 2.

[0027] After the pressure relief hole and air inlet hole of the workpiece 16 fixed on the moving disk 2 are processed, rotate the limiting bolt 6 to reduce the thread connection depth between the limiting bolt 6 and the spindle face plate 1, so that the squeezing force between the limiting bolt 6 and the moving disk 2 is zero. Then apply external force to the second positioning pin 8 to move the second positioning pin 8 away from the central reference hole 11 until the second positioning pin 8 is completely separated from the central reference hole 11. Then apply a rightward force to the moving disk 2. Finally, the processed workpiece 16 can be removed and replaced with the workpiece 16 to be processed for the next pressure relief hole and air inlet hole processing.

[0028] The self-locking turning quick-change press-fitting device of the present invention enables the workpiece 16 to be installed in one go and the air inlet and pressure relief hole of the workpiece 16 to be processed. This allows the workpiece to be quickly changed to a different processing position without disassembling it, avoiding the waste of time in the process of secondary disassembly and assembly of the workpiece and improving the processing efficiency.

[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention are not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Any technical modifications made in accordance with the technical solutions of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of machining device for machining air inlet hole and pressure relief hole of workpiece, including: Main shaft chuck; Mobile disc;Workpiece is detachably fixed and installed on mobile disc by pressing device; Switching piece; Switching piece is used to switch the air inlet machining point or pressure relief machining point of mobile disc in the hole machining position of main shaft chuck; Detachable fixing assembly;Fixing assembly is used for the detachable fixing of mobile disc on main shaft chuck.

2. The self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Switching piece includes guide key, slide rail and at least one set of limit piece, limit piece is used to limit the moving distance of mobile disc on main shaft chuck, guide key is fixedly installed on main shaft chuck, slide rail is arranged on mobile disc, and guide key is slidably installed in slide rail.

3. The self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each limit piece includes limit rod and limit slot, limit rod is installed on main shaft chuck, limit rod is located in limit slot, and the moving distance of limit rod in limit slot is equal to the distance between air inlet hole and pressure relief hole of part machining.

4. The self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, Both slide groove and slide rail are T-shaped structure.

5. The self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Limit rod is limit bolt, and threaded hole is provided on main shaft chuck, and limit bolt is threadedly connected with threaded hole.

6. The self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Fixed piece includes first positioning pin, second positioning pin, first elastic member and second elastic member, and center reference hole is provided on main shaft chuck, first positioning pin and second positioning pin are movably installed at different positions of mobile disc, two acting ends of first elastic member are respectively applied to mobile disc and first positioning pin, two acting ends of second elastic member are respectively applied to mobile disc and second positioning pin, the direction of elastic force of first elastic member to first positioning pin is always first direction, the direction of elastic force of second elastic member to second positioning pin is always first direction, first direction is the direction of mobile disc towards main shaft chuck, when air inlet hole is machined in the air inlet machining point of mobile disc, first positioning pin is located in center reference hole;When pressure relief hole is machined in the pressure relief machining point of mobile disc, second positioning pin is located in center reference hole.

7. A self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, First elastic member and second elastic member are both compression spring or tension spring.

8. The self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Fixed piece further includes pressure plate, pressure plate is installed on mobile disc, and connecting ring is fixed on first positioning pin and second positioning pin, when first elastic member and second elastic member are compression spring, the lower end surface of pressure plate is in extrusion contact with the first end of first elastic member and second elastic member, and the second end of first elastic member and second elastic member is in extrusion contact with the connecting ring on first positioning pin and second positioning pin respectively;When first elastic member and second elastic member are tension spring, the upper end surface of pressure plate is fixedly connected with the first end of first elastic member and second elastic member, and the second end of first elastic member and second elastic member is fixedly connected with the connecting ring on first positioning pin and second positioning pin respectively.

9. The self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Fixed piece further includes self-locking bolt, mounting hole is provided on pressure plate, threaded hole is provided on mobile disc, self-locking bolt is threadedly connected with threaded hole by passing through mounting hole, and the size of mounting hole is less than the nut size of self-locking bolt.

10. The self-locking turning quick-change station press-fitting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Switching piece further includes limit block, limit block is fixedly installed on main shaft chuck, and air inlet machining point is located between pressure relief machining point and limit block.

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