Multi-stage cooling type liquid cooling quick charging equipment and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multistage cooling type liquid cooling fast charging device and method.The fast charging device comprises a cabinet body, a liquid cooling cable and a heat dissipation assembly, a controller, a fast charging module and a water storage cooling pond are integrated in the cabinet body, the liquid cooling cable comprises a main line, a heat conduction sleeve, a liquid inlet line pipe and a liquid outlet line pipe, and a spiral groove is formed in the peripheral wall of the heat conduction sleeve; and the liquid inlet line pipe and the liquid outlet line pipe are both communicated with the cooling liquid circulating flow channel. The heat dissipation assembly comprises an air cooling heat exchanger and a water cooling heat exchanger. The air cooling heat exchanger comprises a first-stage heat exchanger and a second-stage heat exchanger. And the controller realizes multi-stage heat dissipation modes such as first-stage air cooling, second-stage air cooling, third-stage mixing and fourth-stage water cooling by regulating and controlling the on-off of each electromagnetic valve. The fast charging equipment can accurately adapt to different power charging scenes, energy waste is reduced during low-power charging, the heat dissipation bottleneck is efficiently broken through during high-power charging, the charging efficiency and the equipment operation stability are effectively improved, it is guaranteed that the charging process is continuous and uninterrupted, and the use experience of a user is further optimized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of fast charging equipment, and particularly relates to a multi-stage cooling type liquid cooling fast charging equipment and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry, the market has put forward higher requirements for the fast charging capability of charging equipment, and the continuous improvement of charging power has become the core development trend of the industry. However, the increase of charging power directly leads to a large amount of heat generated by the fast charging module and the charging cable during operation. This heat problem has become a key bottleneck restricting the further improvement of charging efficiency. The heat accumulation not only affects the working stability and service life of the charging equipment, but also may interrupt the charging process due to the triggering of the overheat protection mechanism, which seriously affects the user experience.

[0003] At present, the existing fast charging equipment needs to adapt to electric vehicles of different power specifications, but the heat dissipation system generally has design defects. On the one hand, the heat dissipation mode is relatively single, and a fixed power heat dissipation structure is mostly used. When the equipment charges in a small power mode, the heat dissipation device still operates at full load, resulting in a large amount of energy waste and significantly increasing the charging loss. On the other hand, when the equipment charges in a large power mode, the heat dissipation capacity of the existing heat dissipation module has reached the upper limit, and it cannot timely export the huge amount of heat generated by the fast charging module and the cable. This not only limits the further improvement of the charging power, but also may cause equipment failure due to the inability to effectively dissipate heat. Especially in the super large power charging scene, the heat dissipation efficiency of the traditional heat dissipation module has completely failed to meet the demand, becoming a core obstacle to the development of fast charging technology to a higher power level.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, it is urgent to develop a fast charging equipment heat dissipation scheme with strong adaptability and high heat dissipation efficiency, which can not only meet the heat dissipation demand in different power charging scenes and reduce energy loss in small power charging, but also break through the heat dissipation bottleneck in large power charging, improve the upper limit of charging power, and ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the problems and deficiencies of the prior art, the application provides a multi-stage cooling type liquid cooling fast charging equipment and method. The fast charging equipment can accurately adapt to different power charging scenes, reduce energy waste in small power charging, efficiently break through the heat dissipation bottleneck in large power charging, effectively improve the charging efficiency and equipment operation stability, ensure continuous and uninterrupted charging process, and further optimize the user experience.

[0006] The application is realized by the following technical solutions: A multi-stage cooling type liquid cooling fast charging equipment, comprising a cabinet body, a liquid cooling cable and a heat dissipation assembly.

[0007] The cabinet integrates a controller, a fast charging module, and a water storage cooling tank. A heat exchange plate is attached to the outer wall of the fast charging module, and the heat exchange plate has a coolant circulation channel inside. The liquid-cooled cable is connected to the fast charging module. The liquid-cooled cable includes a main line, a heat-conducting sleeve tightly wrapped around the outside of the main line, an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. The outer peripheral wall of the heat-conducting sleeve is provided with a spiral groove. The inlet pipe is embedded in the spiral groove, and both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are connected to the coolant circulation channel. The heat dissipation components are connected to the coolant circulation channel and include an air-cooled heat exchanger and a water-cooled heat exchanger. The air-cooled heat exchanger includes a primary heat exchanger, a secondary heat exchanger and a first solenoid valve. The first solenoid valve is used to control the opening or closing of the primary heat exchanger and the secondary heat exchanger. A second solenoid valve is connected in series between the water-cooled heat exchanger and the air-cooled heat exchanger, and a third solenoid valve is connected in series between the water-cooled heat exchanger and the fast charging module. The controller achieves multi-level heat dissipation modes by controlling the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve, so as to adapt to the heat dissipation requirements under different operating conditions.

[0008] The integrated design of the cabinet, encompassing the controller, fast-charging module, and water-cooling tank, achieves a compact layout of core components, improving space utilization and ease of installation. The heat exchange plate attached to the outer wall of the fast-charging module, combined with the internal coolant circulation channel, directly and efficiently absorbs the heat generated during operation, shortening the heat conduction path. The spiral groove design of the heat-conducting sleeve in the liquid-cooled cable provides stable installation space for the inlet pipe while increasing the thermal contact area. Both the inlet and outlet pipes are connected to the coolant circulation channel, forming a complete cable heat dissipation loop to ensure timely heat removal from the liquid-cooled cable. The combination of air-cooled and water-cooled heat exchangers in the heat dissipation components, along with the on / off control of the first, second, and third solenoid valves, provides the hardware foundation for multi-stage heat dissipation modes. The controller, through precise control of each solenoid valve, achieves dynamic matching of the heat dissipation mode with different operating conditions, completely solving the problem of poor adaptability in traditional heat dissipation methods. This avoids energy waste under low-power conditions while meeting the heat dissipation requirements under high-power conditions, significantly improving equipment operational stability and service life.

[0009] Furthermore, the multi-level cooling modes include: Primary air-cooled heat dissipation mode: After the coolant flows through the liquid-cooled cables and heat exchange plates, it completes the heat dissipation cycle through the primary heat exchanger; Two-stage air-cooled heat dissipation mode: After the coolant flows through the liquid-cooled cables and heat exchange plates, it completes the heat dissipation cycle through the primary heat exchanger and the secondary heat exchanger; Three-stage hybrid heat dissipation mode: After the coolant flows through the liquid-cooled cables and heat exchange plates, it completes the heat dissipation cycle through the primary heat exchanger, the secondary heat exchanger and the water-cooled heat exchanger. Four-stage water cooling mode: After the coolant flows through the liquid-cooled cables and heat exchange plates, it completes the heat dissipation cycle through the water-cooled heat exchanger.

[0010] Four multi-stage cooling modes construct a highly efficient cooling system covering the entire power range while also offering functional differentiation, achieving precise matching between cooling needs and scenario adaptation. The first-stage air-cooling mode is suitable for low-power charging scenarios, completing the cooling cycle through only one heat exchanger, achieving basic cooling requirements with minimal energy consumption and minimizing ineffective energy consumption. The second-stage air-cooling mode enhances cooling intensity through the collaborative work of the first and second-stage heat exchangers, precisely matching medium-power charging conditions, balancing energy consumption while ensuring cooling performance. The third-stage hybrid cooling mode, a dedicated cooling solution for ultra-high-power charging scenarios, fully leverages the combined effect of air-cooled and water-cooled heat exchangers, combining the rapid response characteristics of air cooling with the powerful cooling advantages of water cooling to create a synergistic cooling effect. This allows for the rapid dissipation of the enormous heat generated during ultra-high-power charging, completely breaking through the power bottleneck of traditional single-stage cooling methods and ensuring continuous stability during ultra-high-power charging. The four-level water-cooling mode focuses on scenarios requiring quiet operation. It activates only the water-cooled heat exchanger to complete the heat dissipation cycle, without turning on any fans, eliminating noise interference from fan operation at the source. This is suitable for noise-sensitive environments such as residential areas and underground parking garages. Simultaneously, relying on the efficient heat dissipation capacity of the water-cooled heat exchanger, it meets the heat dissipation requirements of the corresponding power range, achieving a dual guarantee of quiet operation and effective heat dissipation. The flexible switching between the four modes allows the device to cover the full range of charging conditions from low to ultra-high power, while also adapting to quiet usage scenarios. This avoids energy waste in low-power conditions, insufficient heat dissipation in ultra-high-power conditions, and solves noise problems in specific scenarios, comprehensively ensuring the continuity and comfort of the charging process, significantly improving the device's adaptability and user experience.

[0011] Furthermore, the liquid-cooled cable also includes an outer insulating sheath, with an outlet tube located between the outer insulating sheath and the inlet tube, and multiple outlet tubes are evenly arranged along the circumference of the main cable.

[0012] The outer insulation sheath of the liquid-cooled cable provides comprehensive protection for the internal main cable, heat-conducting sleeve, inlet tube, and outlet tube, effectively isolating it from moisture, dust, and other impurities in the external environment, reducing the risk of cable aging and short circuits. The outlet tubes are located between the outer insulation sheath and the inlet tube and are evenly distributed circumferentially along the main cable, creating a circular circulation path for the coolant within the liquid-cooled cable. This ensures even heat dissipation from all parts of the main cable, preventing overheating damage caused by localized heat accumulation. The multiple outlet tubes increase the coolant circulation flow rate, improve heat dissipation efficiency, optimize the internal stress distribution of the cable, enhance its structural stability and tensile strength, extend the service life of the liquid-cooled cable, and ensure the safety and reliability of transmission during charging.

[0013] Furthermore, a liquid pump and a temperature sensor are installed on the coolant circulation channel. The temperature sensor is installed at the inlet of the heat exchange plate, and both the liquid pump and the temperature sensor are connected to the controller signal.

[0014] Temperature sensors installed on the coolant circulation channel can capture the temperature of the coolant medium at the heat exchanger plate inlet in real time, providing accurate temperature feedback data to the controller. This allows the controller to promptly detect changes in the heating status of the fast-charging module. The signal connection between the liquid pump and the controller enables dynamic control of the coolant circulation speed. When the temperature sensor detects an increase in temperature, the controller can drive the liquid pump to increase the circulation speed, accelerating heat removal efficiency; when the temperature decreases, the liquid pump reduces its speed to reduce energy consumption, forming a closed-loop heat dissipation control. This design avoids the energy waste or insufficient heat dissipation problems caused by traditional fixed-flow-rate heat dissipation, improves the timeliness and accuracy of heat dissipation response, ensures that the coolant medium is always in an optimal working state, and guarantees stable operation of the equipment under different heating intensities.

[0015] Furthermore, pressure monitors are installed in series at the liquid pump, air-cooled heat exchanger, water-cooled heat exchanger, and heat exchange plate of the coolant circulation channel. Each pressure monitor is connected to the controller signal, and the controller can receive the pressure data of each monitoring point in real time and determine whether there is any pressure abnormality in the coolant circulation system.

[0016] Pressure monitors are installed in series at the liquid pump, air-cooled heat exchanger, water-cooled heat exchanger, and heat exchange plate in the coolant circulation channel. This enables comprehensive monitoring of the pressure status at key nodes of the circulation system, covering critical links such as the coolant delivery power end, the heat exchange core end, and the heat dissipation execution end. The signal connection between each pressure monitor and the controller allows the controller to acquire real-time pressure data across the entire system. Through data comparison and analysis, abnormalities such as coolant leaks, pipe blockages, and pump malfunctions can be quickly identified. Once the pressure exceeds the preset range, the controller can promptly trigger an alarm or shutdown protection mechanism to prevent component damage or heat dissipation system failure due to abnormal pressure. This significantly improves the safety and reliability of equipment operation and reduces fault repair costs and downtime losses.

[0017] Furthermore, the water storage cooling tank is equipped with an inlet pipe, a drain pipe, and a water level detector. The inlet pipe is equipped with an inlet pump, and both the inlet pump and the water level detector are connected to the controller signal.

[0018] The inlet and outlet pipes of the water storage cooling tank are used for water replenishment and discharge, respectively. Combined with a water level detector for real-time monitoring of the water level, this forms a complete automatic water level control system. When the water level detector detects that the water level is below a preset threshold, the controller drives the inlet pump to start, replenishing the water storage cooling tank with water through the inlet pipe. When the water level reaches the normal range, the inlet pump automatically shuts off, ensuring that the water storage cooling tank always maintains a sufficient and safe water level. This design eliminates the need for frequent manual checks and operations, achieving unmanned intelligent management of the water storage cooling tank's water level. This ensures a stable supply of heat dissipation water for the water-cooled heat exchanger during operation, preventing water cooling failure due to insufficient water level and improving the equipment's continuous operation capability and ease of maintenance. It should be noted that a control valve can be installed at the drain outlet to regulate the drainage flow.

[0019] Furthermore, a first fan is provided on one side of the primary heat exchanger, and a second fan is provided on one side of the secondary heat exchanger. Both the first and second fans are connected to the controller signal.

[0020] The first fan on the primary heat exchanger side and the second fan on the secondary heat exchanger side are independently configured and both are connected to the controller signal, allowing the controller to individually control the operation of the two fans according to different heat dissipation modes and heating conditions. In primary air-cooling mode, only the first fan needs to be activated to meet the heat dissipation requirements, reducing energy consumption. In secondary air-cooling mode, both fans can be activated simultaneously, or their speeds can be adjusted based on temperature data to achieve precise matching of heat dissipation intensity. The independent and controllable design of the fans avoids the energy waste of traditional fixed-speed fans, achieving a dynamic balance between energy consumption and heat dissipation effect in air cooling, further optimizing the energy-saving performance of the equipment, and improving the adaptability and response speed of air cooling.

[0021] Furthermore, a solar rain cover can be detachably installed on the top of the cabinet. The main body of the solar rain cover is made of fiberglass reinforced plastic, and an energy storage power supply connected to the controller is installed inside the cabinet. The solar rain cover is electrically connected to the energy storage power supply.

[0022] The solar rain shield on top of the cabinet is made of fiberglass reinforced plastic, combining excellent structural strength and weather resistance. It provides rain and sun protection for the cabinet, reducing external environmental corrosion of internal components and extending the equipment's lifespan. It also effectively absorbs solar energy and converts it into electricity. The energy storage power supply inside the cabinet is electrically connected to the solar rain shield, storing the converted electricity to provide auxiliary power to components such as the liquid pump, primary fan, secondary fan, controller, and various sensors, reducing the equipment's dependence on grid power. This design not only meets the needs of outdoor charging scenarios and improves the equipment's environmental adaptability but also significantly reduces power consumption during operation, aligning with the industry trend of energy conservation and emission reduction, and lowering operating costs.

[0023] A multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging method includes the following steps: Step S1: Start the liquid pump to drive the cooling medium in the coolant circulation channel to circulate along the preset path. The cooling medium flows through the heat exchange plate and liquid-cooled cable attached to the outer wall of the fast charging module in sequence to absorb the heat generated by the fast charging module and liquid-cooled cable during operation. Step S2: The controller acquires the cooling medium temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor at the liquid inlet of the heat exchange plate, or generates a heat dissipation control command based on the current charging power conditions of the fast charging device. Step S3: Based on the heat dissipation control command, the controller controls the on / off state of the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, and the third solenoid valve to realize the corresponding multi-level heat dissipation mode; wherein, the multi-level heat dissipation mode includes a first-level air cooling mode, a second-level air cooling mode, a third-level hybrid heat dissipation mode, and a fourth-level water cooling mode. Step S4: When the multi-stage heat dissipation mode involves the operation of the water-cooled heat exchanger, the water stored in the integrated water storage cooling tank of the cabinet is used to dissipate heat from the water-cooled heat exchanger, and the water in the water storage cooling tank does not interfere with the cooling medium water source circulating in the water-cooled heat exchanger.

[0024] This method drives the circulation of cooling medium through a liquid pump, ensuring continuous and comprehensive heat absorption by allowing the medium to flow continuously through the heat exchange plate and liquid-cooled cables. The controller generates heat dissipation control commands based on signals from temperature sensors or charging power conditions, ensuring timely and accurate switching of heat dissipation modes and avoiding response lag issues that may occur with single triggering methods. Four multi-level heat dissipation modes, implemented based on control commands, precisely match the heat dissipation requirements under different charging power conditions, ensuring energy-saving operation under low-power conditions and efficient heat dissipation under high-power conditions. The water-cooled heat exchanger utilizes water from a storage cooling tank for heat dissipation, and the design ensures that the water sources do not interfere with each other, guaranteeing the stability of water cooling while avoiding water pollution or cross-contamination. The overall method has a clear logic and complete process, effectively improving charging efficiency, preventing charging interruptions due to heat dissipation issues, and ensuring a smooth charging process.

[0025] Furthermore, a multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging method also includes the following steps: Step S5: During the cooling medium circulation process, the controller receives pressure data collected in real time from the pressure monitors at the liquid pump, air-cooled heat exchanger, water-cooled heat exchanger and heat exchange plate in the coolant circulation channel. If the pressure data exceeds the preset pressure range, it is determined that there is a pressure abnormality in the coolant circulation system, and an abnormality prompt or shutdown protection is triggered. Step S6: The water in the water storage cooling tank is discharged to the outside through the drainage pipe. The controller obtains the water level data in the tank through the water level detector of the water storage cooling tank. When the water level is lower than the preset water level threshold, the controller controls the water pump on the water inlet pipe to start and replenish water to the water storage cooling tank until the water level reaches the preset normal range, and then controls the water pump to shut down. Step S7: In either the primary air-cooling mode or the secondary air-cooling mode, the controller adjusts the speed of the first fan on the primary heat exchanger side and the second fan on the secondary heat exchanger side according to the temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor to match the current heat dissipation requirements. Step S8: When the solar rain shield on the top of the cabinet absorbs solar energy and converts it into electrical energy, the electrical energy is stored in the energy storage power supply inside the cabinet. The energy storage power supply provides auxiliary power to the liquid pump, the first fan, the second fan, the controller, or various sensors.

[0026] Step S5, with its real-time acquisition and anomaly detection of multi-node pressure monitoring data, enables timely detection of potential faults in the coolant circulation system. Anomaly alerts or shutdown protection mechanisms mitigate the risk of escalating faults, ensuring equipment and personnel safety. Step S6's automatic water level control process ensures the cooling tank maintains a reasonable water level, providing continuous and stable support for water-cooled heat dissipation and reducing manual maintenance workload. Step S7's dynamic adjustment of fan speed allows air-cooled heat dissipation to optimize the balance between energy consumption and heat dissipation effect based on actual temperature changes, further improving energy efficiency. Step S8's solar-assisted power supply design fully utilizes renewable energy, reduces grid energy consumption, and enhances the equipment's endurance and environmental adaptability in outdoor scenarios. These supplementary steps improve the liquid-cooled fast charging process from multiple dimensions, including safety monitoring, convenient operation and maintenance, and energy-saving optimization, comprehensively enhancing system stability, reliability, and economy, reducing operating costs and failure rates, and ensuring a superior charging experience for users.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This technical solution, through the deep integration of a multi-level heat dissipation system and an intelligent control mechanism, constructs a liquid-cooled fast charging solution that is adaptable to all scenarios, highly efficient, low-power, stable, and reliable. Its core beneficial effects are reflected in multi-dimensional collaborative optimization.

[0028] In terms of power adaptability, four multi-level heat dissipation modes form a comprehensive and differentiated heat dissipation capability. The first-level air cooling and second-level air cooling modes are matched with low-power and medium-power charging scenarios, respectively. The low-energy consumption characteristics of air cooling reduce ineffective energy consumption and solve the problem of energy waste in low-power conditions by traditional heat dissipation. The third-level hybrid heat dissipation mode is the core solution for ultra-high-power charging scenarios. Through the synergistic work of air-cooled heat exchangers and water-cooled heat exchangers, the advantages of the two heat dissipation methods are combined to quickly dissipate the huge amount of heat generated by ultra-high-power charging, completely breaking through the power bottleneck of traditional single heat dissipation and ensuring the continuous stability of ultra-high-power charging. The fourth-level water-cooling heat dissipation mode focuses on quiet scenarios. Without starting any fans, it relies on the efficient heat dissipation capability of water-cooled heat exchangers to meet the requirements of the corresponding power range. It is suitable for noise-sensitive environments such as residential areas and underground garages, achieving dual protection of quietness and heat dissipation effect.

[0029] In terms of heat dissipation efficiency and uniformity, the spiral groove design of the heat-conducting sleeve in the liquid-cooled cable increases the heat-conducting contact area. The inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, which are evenly distributed around the main line, form a complete circular circulation path. Combined with the heat exchange plate attached to the outer wall of the fast charging module and the internal coolant circulation channel, the heat conduction path is shortened, ensuring that the heat of the fast charging module and the liquid-cooled cable is evenly dissipated, avoiding local accumulation, and significantly improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0030] The intelligent control and monitoring system further enhances equipment stability. Temperature sensors provide real-time feedback on the temperature of the cooling medium, which, in conjunction with the dynamic speed regulation of the liquid pump and fan, forms a closed-loop heat dissipation control, improving response accuracy. Multi-node pressure monitors comprehensively cover key parts of the circulation system, promptly identifying abnormalities such as leaks and blockages and triggering protection mechanisms. The water level detector and the inlet pump work together to automatically replenish the water storage cooling tank, ensuring continuous and stable water cooling. The solar rain shield on the top of the cabinet serves both as a protective barrier and a power generation device, providing auxiliary power to auxiliary components through energy storage, reducing dependence on the power grid and aligning with the trend of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0031] The overall solution not only addresses the core pain points of poor heat dissipation adaptability and insufficient heat dissipation at high power in traditional systems, but also adapts to diverse usage scenarios through designs such as silent mode, intelligent monitoring, and automatic operation and maintenance, reducing manual intervention and operating costs. At the same time, it ensures a continuous and smooth charging process, comprehensively improving the practicality, stability, and user experience of the device, and promoting the development of fast charging technology towards higher power, greater energy efficiency, and greater intelligence. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of a multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating another embodiment of a multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging device according to the present invention. Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram illustrating a cross-sectional view of the liquid-cooled cable in this invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating a multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging device in the first-stage air-cooling heat dissipation mode according to the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating a multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging device in the present invention in a two-stage air-cooling heat dissipation mode; Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating a multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging device in the present invention operating in a three-stage hybrid heat dissipation mode; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging device in the present invention operating in a four-stage water-cooling heat dissipation mode.

[0033] List of components and reference numerals: 1. Cabinet; 11. Solar rain shield; 2. Controller; 3. Fast charging module; 4. Water storage cooling tank; 41. Water inlet pipe; 42. Drainage pipe; 43. Water level detector; 5. Coolant circulation channel; 51. Liquid pump; 52. Temperature sensor; 6. Liquid cooling cable; 61. Main cable; 62. Heat-conducting sleeve; 621. Spiral groove; 63. Liquid inlet pipe; 64. Liquid outlet pipe; 65. Outer insulation sheath; 7. Heat dissipation assembly; 71. Air-cooled heat exchanger; 711. Primary heat exchanger; 712. Secondary heat exchanger; 713. First solenoid valve; 714. First fan; 715. Second fan; 72. Water-cooled heat exchanger; 73. Second solenoid valve; 74. Third solenoid valve. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that the directional terms such as left, right, up, down, front, and back in the embodiments of the present invention are only relative concepts or are based on the normal use state of the product, i.e., the direction of the product's movement, and should not be considered as limiting.

[0036] In addition, it should be noted that the dynamic terms such as "relative motion" mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention refer not only to changes in position, but also to movements such as rotation and rolling in which the position does not change relative to the position, but the state changes.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that when a component is said to be "located on" or "set on" another component, it can be on the other component or may have an intervening component at the same time. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or may have an intervening component at the same time.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 7 The multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging device and method shown include the following scheme: The multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging device is mainly composed of a cabinet 1, liquid-cooled cables 6 and heat dissipation components 7. The components work together to achieve efficient heat dissipation and stable fast charging across the entire power range.

[0039] Cabinet 1 serves as the core installation carrier, integrating controller 2, fast charging module 3, and water storage cooling tank 4. These three components form a compact, integrated layout, improving space utilization and installation convenience. A heat exchange plate is tightly fitted to the outer wall of the fast charging module 3. The heat exchange plate has a continuously flowing coolant circulation channel 5 that runs through all heat dissipation and heat-generating components of the equipment, forming a complete heat conduction path. The water storage cooling tank 4 is equipped with an inlet pipe 41, a drain pipe 42, and a water level detector 43. An inlet pump is installed on the inlet pipe 41, and both the inlet pump and the water level detector 43 are connected to controller 2 to achieve intelligent control of the water level in the tank. A detachable solar rain shield 11 is installed on the top of cabinet 1. The main body of the solar rain shield 11 is made of fiberglass reinforced plastic, serving both protective and power generation functions. An energy storage power supply is installed inside cabinet 1, connected to controller 2. The solar rain shield 11 is also electrically connected to the energy storage power supply, providing auxiliary power to the equipment.

[0040] The liquid-cooled cable 6 connects to the fast-charging module 3, forming a dual channel for charging and heat dissipation. Its structure includes a main cable 61, a heat-conducting sleeve 62, an inlet tube 63, an outlet tube 64, and an outer insulating sheath 65. The heat-conducting sleeve 62 tightly covers the outside of the main cable 61, and a spiral groove 621 is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the heat-conducting sleeve 62. The inlet tube 63 is embedded in the spiral groove 621, and the outlet tube 64 is located between the outer insulating sheath 65 and the inlet tube 63, with multiple outlet tubes evenly arranged along the circumference of the main cable 61. Both the inlet tube 63 and the outlet tube 64 are connected to the coolant circulation channel 5, forming a closed cable heat dissipation circuit. The outer insulating sheath 65 provides comprehensive protection for the internal components, isolating them from impurities and moisture in the external environment.

[0041] The heat dissipation assembly 7, connected to the coolant circulation channel 5, is the core execution unit for multi-stage heat dissipation, including an air-cooled heat exchanger 71 and a water-cooled heat exchanger 72. The air-cooled heat exchanger 71 consists of a primary heat exchanger 711 and a secondary heat exchanger 712. A first fan 714 is installed on one side of the primary heat exchanger 711, and a second fan 715 is installed on one side of the secondary heat exchanger 712. Both the first fan 714 and the second fan 715 are connected to the controller 2 and can independently adjust their operating status. The heat dissipation assembly 7 is also equipped with a first solenoid valve 713, a second solenoid valve 73, and a third solenoid valve 74. The first solenoid valve 713 controls the opening and closing of the primary heat exchanger 711 and the secondary heat exchanger 712. The second solenoid valve 73 is connected in series between the air-cooled heat exchanger 71 and the water-cooled heat exchanger 72, and the third solenoid valve 74 is connected in series between the water-cooled heat exchanger 72 and the fast-charging module 3. Different on / off combinations of the three solenoid valves enable switching between various heat dissipation modes.

[0042] A liquid pump 51, a temperature sensor 52, and a pressure monitor are also installed on the coolant circulation channel 5. The temperature sensor 52 is installed at the liquid inlet of the heat exchange plate to collect real-time cooling medium temperature data. The pressure monitors are installed in series at the liquid pump 51, the air-cooled heat exchanger 71, the water-cooled heat exchanger 72, and the heat exchange plate, comprehensively covering the key nodes of the circulation system. The liquid pump 51, the temperature sensor 52, and each pressure monitor are all connected to the controller 2, forming a complete monitoring and control network.

[0043] Based on the above structural design, the controller 2 controls the on / off states of the first solenoid valve 713, the second solenoid valve 73 and the third solenoid valve 74, and combines the operation and regulation of the first fan 714 and the second fan 715 to realize four functionally differentiated multi-level heat dissipation modes, which can fully adapt to different power conditions and usage scenarios.

[0044] The primary air-cooled heat dissipation mode is suitable for low-power charging scenarios. In this mode, the controller 2 controls the first solenoid valve 713 to open the primary heat exchanger 711, close the secondary heat exchanger 712, and close the third solenoid valve 74. After the coolant flows through the liquid-cooled cable 6 and the heat exchange plate to absorb heat, the heat dissipation cycle is completed only through the primary heat exchanger 711. The first fan 714 runs and can adjust its speed according to the temperature to achieve basic heat dissipation requirements with the lowest energy consumption.

[0045] The two-stage air-cooled heat dissipation mode is suitable for medium-power charging conditions. The controller 2 controls the first solenoid valve 713 to open the first-stage heat exchanger 711 and the second-stage heat exchanger 712, the second solenoid valve 73 to conduct to the heat exchange plate, and the third solenoid valve 74 to close. After the coolant flows through the liquid-cooled cable 6 and the heat exchange plate, it passes through the first-stage heat exchanger 711 and the second-stage heat exchanger 712 in sequence to complete the heat dissipation cycle. The first fan 714 and the second fan 715 work together to improve the heat dissipation intensity through two-stage heat exchange and balance the heat dissipation effect and energy consumption.

[0046] The three-stage hybrid heat dissipation mode is dedicated to ultra-high power charging scenarios. Controller 2 controls the first solenoid valve 713 to open the first-stage heat exchanger 711 and the second-stage heat exchanger 712, the second solenoid valve 73 to conduct to the water-cooled heat exchanger 72, and the third solenoid valve 74 to close, so that the water-cooled heat exchanger 72 is connected to the circulation system. After the coolant flows through the liquid-cooled cable 6 and the heat exchange plate, it passes through the first-stage heat exchanger 711, the second-stage heat exchanger 712 and the water-cooled heat exchanger 72 in sequence to complete the heat dissipation cycle. The combined effect of air cooling and water cooling forms a superimposed heat dissipation effect, which quickly removes a huge amount of heat.

[0047] The four-stage water cooling mode focuses on scenarios requiring quiet operation. Controller 2 closes the first solenoid valve 713 to cut off the passage of the air-cooled heat exchanger 71, and opens the third solenoid valve 74. After the coolant flows through the liquid-cooled cable 6 and the heat exchange plate, it completes the heat dissipation cycle only through the water-cooled heat exchanger 72 without starting any fan, thus eliminating noise interference from the source and adapting to noise-sensitive environments.

[0048] A multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging method is applied to the aforementioned fast charging equipment. Through standardized procedures, it achieves efficient heat dissipation and stable fast charging throughout the entire process, specifically including the following steps: Step S1: Start the liquid pump 51 to drive the cooling medium in the coolant circulation channel 5 to circulate along the preset path. The cooling medium flows through the heat exchange plate and liquid-cooled cable 6 attached to the outer wall of the fast charging module 3 in sequence, continuously absorbing the heat generated by the fast charging module 3 and the liquid-cooled cable 6 during operation, forming a stable heat conduction cycle.

[0049] In step S2, the controller 2 acquires the cooling medium temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor 52 at the liquid inlet of the heat exchange plate, and simultaneously acquires the current charging power status of the fast charging device. Through dual-dimensional data fusion analysis, it generates precise heat dissipation control commands to ensure the timeliness and adaptability of heat dissipation response.

[0050] In step S3, based on the generated heat dissipation control command, the controller 2 precisely regulates the on / off state of the first solenoid valve 713, the second solenoid valve 73, and the third solenoid valve 74, and simultaneously coordinates the operation state of the first fan 714 and the second fan 715 to achieve the corresponding switching of the first-level air cooling mode, the second-level air cooling mode, the third-level hybrid cooling mode, or the fourth-level water cooling mode, ensuring that the heat dissipation mode is accurately matched with the current working conditions.

[0051] Step S4: When the multi-stage heat dissipation mode involves the operation of the water-cooled heat exchanger 72, the water stored in the water storage cooling tank 4 integrated in the cabinet 1 is used to dissipate heat from the water-cooled heat exchanger 72. The water in the water storage cooling tank 4 and the cooling medium water source circulating in the water-cooled heat exchanger 72 are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other, ensuring the stability of heat dissipation and the cleanliness of the water source.

[0052] In step S5, during the cooling medium circulation process, the controller 2 receives pressure data collected in real time from the pressure monitors at the liquid pump 51, air-cooled heat exchanger 71, water-cooled heat exchanger 72 and heat exchange plate on the coolant circulation channel 5. The controller analyzes the pressure data at each monitoring point in real time. If the pressure data exceeds the preset pressure range, it is determined that there is a pressure abnormality in the coolant circulation system, and an abnormality prompt or shutdown protection mechanism is immediately triggered to prevent the fault from escalating.

[0053] In step S6, the water in the water storage cooling tank 4 can be discharged to the outside through the drainage pipe 42. The controller 2 obtains the water level data in the tank in real time through the water level detector 43 of the water storage cooling tank 4. When the water level is lower than the preset water level threshold, the controller automatically controls the water pump on the water inlet pipe 41 to start and replenish water to the water storage cooling tank 4 until the water level reaches the preset normal range. Then the controller controls the water pump to shut down, so as to realize intelligent water level management.

[0054] In step S7, under either the primary or secondary air-cooled heat dissipation mode, the controller 2 dynamically adjusts the speed of the first fan 714 on the side of the primary heat exchanger 711 and the second fan 715 on the side of the secondary heat exchanger 712 based on the real-time temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor 52, so that the fan operation status is precisely matched with the current heat dissipation demand, thereby reducing energy consumption while ensuring the heat dissipation effect.

[0055] In step S8, when the solar rain shield 11 on the top of the cabinet 1 absorbs solar energy and converts it into electrical energy, the converted electrical energy is stored in the energy storage power supply inside the cabinet 1. The energy storage power supply provides auxiliary power to the liquid pump 51, the first fan 714, the second fan 715, and the controller 2, reducing the equipment's dependence on grid power and improving energy efficiency and adaptability to outdoor environments.

[0056] In one embodiment, this embodiment is applied to an urban integrated charging station. This charging station needs to simultaneously adapt to the charging needs of different vehicle types such as private cars, ride-hailing vehicles, and commercial vehicles, covering low-power conventional charging, medium-power fast charging, ultra-high-power ultra-fast charging, and quiet charging scenarios around residential areas. The equipment configuration fully covers all the technical features mentioned above. The specific implementation process is as follows: The equipment cabinet 1 adopts an integrated design, with a controller 2, multiple fast-charging modules 3, and a water storage cooling tank 4 fixedly installed inside. Each fast-charging module 3 has a heat exchange plate tightly fitted to its outer wall. The heat exchange plate has a continuously circulating coolant channel 5 inside, which connects the heat exchange plates, liquid-cooled cables 6, heat dissipation components 7, and a liquid pump 51 in sequence, forming a closed-loop system. The water storage cooling tank 4 is connected to an inlet pipe 41 and a drain pipe 42. An inlet pump is installed on the inlet pipe 41, and a water level detector 43 is installed inside the water storage cooling tank 4. Both the inlet pump and the water level detector 43 are connected to the controller 2 via wiring. A solar rain shield 11 can be detachably installed on the top of the cabinet 1. The main body of the solar rain shield 11 is made of fiberglass reinforced plastic. An energy storage power supply is fixedly installed inside the cabinet 1, and the solar rain shield 11 is electrically connected to the energy storage power supply via wires. The energy storage power supply is also connected to the controller 2 to provide power support for the equipment's auxiliary components.

[0057] One end of the liquid-cooled cable 6 is connected to the output end of the fast charging module 3, and the other end is equipped with a charging connector. Its structure, from the inside to the outside, consists of the main cable 61, a heat-conducting sleeve 62 tightly wrapped around the outside of the main cable 61, an inlet tube 63 embedded in the spiral groove 621 of the heat-conducting sleeve 62, and multiple outlet tubes 64 evenly distributed around the circumference of the main cable 61. The outermost part is an outer insulating sheath 65. The outlet tubes 64 are located between the outer insulating sheath 65 and the inlet tubes 63. Both the inlet tubes 63 and the outlet tubes 64 are connected to the coolant circulation channel 5 through connectors to form a cooling medium circulation loop inside the cable.

[0058] The heat dissipation assembly 7 is fixedly installed on one side of the cabinet 1, including an air-cooled heat exchanger 71 and a water-cooled heat exchanger 72. The air-cooled heat exchanger 71 consists of a primary heat exchanger 711 and a secondary heat exchanger 712. A first fan 714 is installed on one side of the primary heat exchanger 711, and a second fan 715 is installed on one side of the secondary heat exchanger 712. Both the first fan 714 and the second fan 715 are connected to the controller 2 via signal. The heat dissipation assembly 7 is equipped with three solenoid valves. The first solenoid valve 713 is used to control the on / off state of the primary heat exchanger 711 and the secondary heat exchanger 712. The second solenoid valve 73 is connected in series between the air-cooled heat exchanger 71 and the water-cooled heat exchanger 72. The third solenoid valve 74 is connected in series on the coolant circulation channel 5 between the water-cooled heat exchanger 72 and the fast charging module 3. A liquid pump 51 and a temperature sensor 52 are also installed on the coolant circulation channel 5. The temperature sensor 52 is fixed at the liquid inlet of the heat exchange plate. Both the liquid pump 51 and the temperature sensor 52 are connected to the controller 2 via signal. At the same time, pressure monitors are installed in series at the liquid pump 51, the air-cooled heat exchanger 71, the water-cooled heat exchanger 72, and each heat exchange plate in the coolant circulation channel 5. All pressure monitors are connected to the controller 2 via lines to realize full-area pressure monitoring of the circulation system.

[0059] After the charging station is powered on, the controller 2 first performs a system self-test, receiving initial signals from each pressure monitor, temperature sensor 52, and water level detector 43. After confirming that the pressure in the coolant circulation channel 5 is normal, the water level in the water storage cooling tank 4 is within the normal range, and the status of each solenoid valve is correct, the liquid pump 51 is started for pre-circulation. The cooling medium flows at a low speed in the coolant circulation channel 5. At the same time, the solar rain shield 11 begins to absorb solar energy and convert it into electrical energy, which is stored in the energy storage power supply. The energy storage power supply provides initial auxiliary power to the controller 2. When there is a problem with the main power supply line, the controller 2 is still powered by the energy storage power supply to indicate to the user that the charging pile is in a fault state.

[0060] In a low-power conventional charging scenario (primary air-cooled heat dissipation mode), when a private car is connected to the device for low-power charging, the controller 2 obtains the current charging power signal through the charging interface. At the same time, the temperature sensor 52 detects that the temperature of the cooling medium at the liquid inlet of the heat exchange plate is in the low range. After analyzing the dual signals, the controller 2 generates a primary air-cooled heat dissipation mode control command. The controller 2 controls the first solenoid valve 713 to open the primary heat exchanger 711 and close the corresponding passage of the secondary heat exchanger 712. At the same time, it closes the third solenoid valve 74 to cut off the circuit of the water-cooled heat exchanger 72. It also controls the first fan 714 to start and maintain low-speed operation, and the liquid pump 51 drives the cooling medium to circulate at low speed.

[0061] The cooling medium flows along the coolant circulation channel 5, passing sequentially through the inlet pipe 63, outlet pipe 64, and heat exchange plate of the liquid-cooled cable 6. After absorbing a small amount of heat generated by the fast-charging module 3 and the liquid-cooled cable 6, it flows through the primary heat exchanger 711, where heat exchange is completed under the airflow of the first fan 714. The cooled medium then re-enters the circulation system. During this process, the controller 2 receives pressure data from each pressure monitor in real time to confirm that the circulation system is functioning normally. The energy storage power supply continuously powers the controller 2, the first fan 714, and the sensors, reducing grid energy consumption.

[0062] In a medium-power fast charging scenario (two-stage air-cooling mode), when a ride-hailing vehicle connects to the device for medium-power fast charging, the increased charging power leads to increased heat generation in the fast charging module 3 and liquid-cooled cable 6. Temperature sensor 52 detects the rise in cooling medium temperature, and controller 2 simultaneously acquires the medium-power operating condition signal, then switches to the two-stage air-cooling mode. Controller 2 controls the first solenoid valve 713 to simultaneously open the primary heat exchanger 711 and the secondary heat exchanger 712, the second solenoid valve 73 connects the heat exchange plate, and the third solenoid valve 74 remains closed, driving both the first fan 714 and the second fan 715 to start. Based on the real-time data fed back by temperature sensor 52, the speed of the two fans is dynamically adjusted, and the liquid pump 51 simultaneously increases its speed to increase the circulation flow of the cooling medium.

[0063] After absorbing heat, the cooling medium flows sequentially through the primary heat exchanger 711 and the secondary heat exchanger 712. With the coordinated action of two fans, the heat is effectively removed through these two stages of heat exchange, ensuring the cooling medium temperature remains within a reasonable range. During this process, each pressure monitor continuously transmits pressure data to the controller 2, which in turn determines in real time whether there are any pressure anomalies in the circulation system. The water level detector 43 continuously monitors the water level in the water storage cooling tank 4, maintaining it in a normal reserve state.

[0064] In the ultra-high power fast charging scenario (three-stage hybrid heat dissipation mode), when a commercial vehicle is connected to the device for ultra-high power fast charging, the fast charging module 3 and the liquid-cooled cable 6 generate a huge amount of heat in a short period of time. The temperature sensor 52 quickly detects the sharp rise in the temperature of the cooling medium. The controller 2, combined with the ultra-high power operating condition signal, immediately activates the three-stage hybrid heat dissipation mode. The controller 2 controls the first solenoid valve 713 to open the first-stage heat exchanger 711 and the second-stage heat exchanger 712. At the same time, the second solenoid valve 73 is connected to the water-cooled radiator, and the third solenoid valve 74 is closed, connecting the water-cooled heat exchanger 72 to the circulation system. The first fan 714 and the second fan 715 both run at high speed, and the liquid pump 51 drives the cooling medium to circulate at high speed at maximum speed to ensure rapid heat transfer.

[0065] After absorbing a large amount of heat through the liquid-cooled cable 6 and heat exchange plate, the cooling medium sequentially enters the primary heat exchanger 711 and the secondary heat exchanger 712 for initial heat dissipation. It then flows into the water-cooled heat exchanger 72, where it utilizes the water stored in the water storage cooling tank 4 for deep heat dissipation. The water in the water storage cooling tank 4 is independent of the cooling medium source and does not interfere with it. The cooled medium re-enters the circulation system, and through the combined effect of air cooling and water cooling, it rapidly removes a huge amount of heat, ensuring continuous ultra-high power charging. During this process, pressure monitors continuously monitor the pressure at key nodes of the circulation system. If the pressure data at a certain monitoring point exceeds the preset range, the controller 2 immediately triggers an abnormality warning and adjusts the heat dissipation intensity or initiates shutdown protection based on the severity of the abnormality. The water level detector 43 continuously monitors the water level in the water storage cooling tank 4. When the water level is below a preset threshold, the controller 2 automatically starts the water inlet pump, replenishing water to the water storage cooling tank 4 through the water inlet pipe 41. Once the water level reaches the target, the water inlet pump is shut off.

[0066] In a quiet charging scenario near residential areas (four-level water cooling mode), during nighttime hours, when users in the vicinity of residential areas need to charge their devices and are sensitive to noise, the device switches to a four-level water cooling mode. Controller 2 receives the quiet mode command triggered by the user, and combined with the current charging power signal, closes the first solenoid valve 713 to cut off the passage of the air-cooled heat exchanger 71, stops the operation of the first fan 714 and the second fan 715, and simultaneously opens the third solenoid valve 74, so that the cooling medium flows only through the water-cooled heat exchanger 72 to complete heat dissipation.

[0067] After absorbing the heat from the fast-charging module 3 and the liquid-cooled cable 6, the cooling medium flows directly into the water-cooled heat exchanger 72, where it cools down through heat exchange with the water in the water storage cooling tank 4. The entire process operates without a fan, completely eliminating noise interference. During this time, the energy storage power supply provides auxiliary power to the liquid pump 51, controller 2, and various sensors, further reducing energy consumption. The pressure monitor continuously monitors the pressure of the circulation system, and the water level detector 43 ensures a stable water level in the water storage cooling tank 4, guaranteeing continuous and efficient operation of the water-cooled heat dissipation.

[0068] Throughout the charging process, the solar rain shield 11 continuously absorbs solar energy and converts it into electrical energy, which is then stored in the energy storage power supply. When the power grid fails, the energy storage power supply powers the controller 2 to alert the user that the charging pile is in a faulty state.

[0069] Each pressure monitor on the coolant circulation channel 5 collects data in real time and transmits it to the controller 2. The controller 2 analyzes the data in real time. If it detects that the pressure at the liquid pump 51 is too low, it determines that there may be a coolant leak, immediately triggers an audible and visual alarm, and cuts off the power to the fast charging module 3 to avoid equipment damage. If it detects that the pressure at the heat exchanger is too high, it determines that there may be a pipe blockage. The controller 2 automatically reduces the speed of the liquid pump 51 and issues a maintenance prompt at the same time.

[0070] Through comprehensive configuration, precise adaptation to the entire power range and multiple scenarios is achieved. In low-power scenarios, a first-level air-cooling mode reduces energy loss; in medium-power scenarios, a second-level air-cooling mode balances heat dissipation and energy consumption; in ultra-high-power scenarios, a third-level hybrid cooling mode overcomes heat dissipation bottlenecks; and in quiet scenarios, a fourth-level water-cooling mode meets noise control requirements. Meanwhile, the coordinated operation of functions such as pressure monitoring, automatic water level control, and solar-assisted power supply ensures the stability, safety, and energy efficiency of the equipment, significantly improving the operational efficiency of charging stations and the user experience.

[0071] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging device, characterized in that, include: The cabinet integrates a controller, a fast charging module, and a water storage cooling tank. A heat exchange plate is attached to the outer wall of the fast charging module, and a coolant circulation channel is constructed inside the heat exchange plate. The liquid-cooled cable is connected to the fast charging module. The liquid-cooled cable includes a main line, a heat-conducting sleeve tightly wrapped around the outside of the main line, an inlet tube and an outlet tube. The outer peripheral wall of the heat-conducting sleeve is provided with a spiral groove. The inlet tube is embedded in the spiral groove, and both the inlet tube and the outlet tube are connected to the coolant circulation channel. A heat dissipation assembly, which is connected to the coolant circulation channel, includes an air-cooled heat exchanger and a water-cooled heat exchanger. The air-cooled heat exchanger includes a primary heat exchanger, a secondary heat exchanger, and a first solenoid valve. The first solenoid valve is used to control the opening or closing of the primary heat exchanger and the secondary heat exchanger. A second solenoid valve is connected in series between the water-cooled heat exchanger and the air-cooled heat exchanger, and a third solenoid valve is connected in series between the water-cooled heat exchanger and the fast charging module. The controller achieves multi-level heat dissipation modes by controlling the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve, so as to adapt to the heat dissipation requirements under different operating conditions.

2. The multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-level heat dissipation mode includes: Primary air-cooled heat dissipation mode: After the coolant flows through the liquid-cooled cable and the heat exchange plate, it completes the heat dissipation cycle through the primary heat exchanger; Two-stage air-cooled heat dissipation mode: After the coolant flows through the liquid-cooled cable and the heat exchange plate, it completes the heat dissipation cycle through the first-stage heat exchanger and the second-stage heat exchanger; Three-stage hybrid heat dissipation mode: After the coolant flows through the liquid-cooled cable and the heat exchange plate, it completes the heat dissipation cycle through the first-stage heat exchanger, the second-stage heat exchanger and the water-cooled heat exchanger; Four-stage water cooling mode: After the coolant flows through the liquid-cooled cable and the heat exchange plate, it completes the heat dissipation cycle through the water-cooled heat exchanger.

3. The multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid-cooled cable also includes an outer insulating sheath, and the liquid outlet tube is located between the outer insulating sheath and the liquid inlet tube. Multiple liquid outlet tubes are evenly arranged along the circumference of the main cable.

4. The multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A liquid pump and a temperature sensor are installed on the coolant circulation channel. The temperature sensor is installed at the liquid inlet of the heat exchange plate. Both the liquid pump and the temperature sensor are connected to the controller.

5. The multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Pressure monitors are installed in series at the liquid pump, the air-cooled heat exchanger, the water-cooled heat exchanger, and the heat exchange plate in the coolant circulation channel. Each pressure monitor is connected to the controller. The controller can receive pressure data from each monitoring point in real time and determine whether there is a pressure abnormality in the coolant circulation system.

6. The multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage cooling tank is equipped with an inlet pipe, a drain pipe, and a water level detector. The inlet pipe is equipped with an inlet pump, and both the inlet pump and the water level detector are connected to the controller signal.

7. The multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first fan is provided on one side of the primary heat exchanger, and a second fan is provided on one side of the secondary heat exchanger. Both the first fan and the second fan are signal-connected to the controller.

8. The multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A solar rain shield is detachably installed on the top of the cabinet. The main body of the solar rain shield is made of fiberglass reinforced plastic. An energy storage power supply connected to the controller is installed inside the cabinet. The solar rain shield is electrically connected to the energy storage power supply.

9. A multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging method, applied to the fast charging device as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Start the liquid pump to drive the cooling medium in the coolant circulation channel to circulate along the preset path. The cooling medium flows through the heat exchange plate and liquid-cooled cable attached to the outer wall of the fast charging module in sequence to absorb the heat generated by the fast charging module and liquid-cooled cable during operation. Step S2: The controller acquires the cooling medium temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor at the liquid inlet of the heat exchange plate, or generates a heat dissipation control command based on the current charging power conditions of the fast charging device. Step S3: Based on the heat dissipation control command, the controller controls the on / off state of the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, and the third solenoid valve to realize the corresponding multi-level heat dissipation mode; wherein, the multi-level heat dissipation mode includes a first-level air cooling mode, a second-level air cooling mode, a third-level hybrid heat dissipation mode, and a fourth-level water cooling mode. Step S4: When the multi-stage heat dissipation mode involves the operation of the water-cooled heat exchanger, the water stored in the integrated water storage cooling tank of the cabinet is used to dissipate heat from the water-cooled heat exchanger, and the water in the water storage cooling tank does not interfere with the cooling medium water source circulating in the water-cooled heat exchanger.

10. The multi-stage cooling liquid-cooled fast charging method according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: Step S5: During the cooling medium circulation process, the controller receives pressure data collected in real time from the pressure monitors at the liquid pump, air-cooled heat exchanger, water-cooled heat exchanger and heat exchange plate in the coolant circulation channel. If the pressure data exceeds the preset pressure range, it is determined that there is a pressure abnormality in the coolant circulation system, and an abnormality prompt or shutdown protection is triggered. Step S6: The water in the water storage cooling tank is discharged to the outside through the drainage pipe. The controller obtains the water level data in the tank through the water level detector of the water storage cooling tank. When the water level is lower than the preset water level threshold, the controller controls the water pump on the water inlet pipe to start and replenish water to the water storage cooling tank until the water level reaches the preset normal range, and then controls the water pump to shut down. Step S7: In either the primary air-cooling mode or the secondary air-cooling mode, the controller adjusts the speed of the first fan on the primary heat exchanger side and the second fan on the secondary heat exchanger side according to the temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor to match the current heat dissipation requirements. Step S8: When the solar rain shield on the top of the cabinet absorbs solar energy and converts it into electrical energy, the electrical energy is stored in the energy storage power supply inside the cabinet. The energy storage power supply provides auxiliary power to the liquid pump, the first fan, the second fan, and the controller.

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