Automatic repairing geotextile for tunnel lining cracks, composite geotextile and geotextile system

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic repairing geotextile for tunnel lining cracks, a composite geotextile and a geotextile system, which are used for self-repairing the cracks of a tunnel and are characterized by comprising a liquid storage part, the geotechnical cloth cover layer wraps the outer side of the liquid storage part; wherein the liquid storage part is filled with the following components: a flow repairing agent which is used for filling tunnel cracks; and the high-pressure inert gas is used for providing power and extruding the flowing repairing agent in the liquid storage part after the liquid storage part is punctured by the crack water, so that the flowing repairing agent can actively fill the crack. The method is specially used for automatically repairing tunnel cracks, especially cracks caused by crack water. The geotextile can be used for self-repairing cracks generated by crack water in the tunnel construction and operation process, so that the safety and stability of a tunnel structure are effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of tunnel disaster prevention and control, specifically to geotextiles for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks, composite geotextiles, and geotextile systems. Background Technology

[0002] Fissure water is a major challenge in tunnel construction and operation, referring to water that seeps into the tunnel through fissures in the surrounding rock. The infiltration of fissure water can cause serious damage to tunnel structures and underground engineering facilities, primarily manifesting as steel reinforcement corrosion, concrete erosion, and rock instability. The presence of fissure water in the tunnel's surrounding rock generates seepage pressure, which in turn affects the stress state of the surrounding rock. When the seepage pressure is too high, it may cause stress concentration in the surrounding rock, leading to structural failure. During tunnel excavation, a large flow of water from fissures often increases the difficulty and risk of construction, and may even lead to serious safety accidents such as water inrush and collapse. Furthermore, fissure water can also affect electrical equipment, ventilation facilities, and other engineering facilities inside the tunnel. Equipment submerged in water for extended periods will age and deteriorate faster, affecting its normal operation. For high-temperature tunnels, the high temperature of fissure water poses a potential danger to workers and users inside the tunnel. Therefore, the hazards of fissure water must be fully considered during the design and construction of tunnels to control the generation and propagation of fissures and ensure tunnel safety.

[0003] Currently, common techniques for preventing fissure water in tunnels include pre-grouting, waterproof membranes, pressure-reducing drilling, and drainage. However, existing technologies often lack effective repair methods when cracks occur within the concrete structure. In recent years, a new technology called "self-healing microcapsules" has emerged. These capsules are filled with epoxy resin and incorporated into concrete mortar, poured and solidified along with the lining structure. When cracks occur, the capsule shell ruptures, releasing the epoxy resin for repair. However, existing microcapsule technology has significant drawbacks. First, the secondary lining of a tunnel, as a permanent support structure, has crucial load-bearing capacity, and incorporating large amounts of microcapsules into the concrete can affect its strength. Second, the epoxy resin in the microcapsules lacks sufficient flowability; after a small amount is released, it passively moves along the water flow direction, making it difficult to effectively achieve reverse repair of the crack source. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a geotextile with strong internal dynamics and self-healing capabilities to meet the construction needs of tunnels under special conditions and effectively repair cracks caused by fissure water. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention is made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a geotextile for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks, a composite geotextile, and a geotextile system.

[0005] This invention provides an automatic repair geotextile for tunnel lining cracks, used for self-repairing tunnel cracks. It features a liquid storage compartment; a geotextile surface layer wrapped around the outside of the liquid storage compartment; wherein the liquid storage compartment is filled with a fluid repair agent for filling tunnel cracks; and a high-pressure inert gas for providing power. After the liquid storage compartment is punctured by fissure water, the fluid repair agent within the liquid storage compartment is squeezed, enabling it to actively fill the cracks.

[0006] The automatic repair geotextile for tunnel lining cracks provided by the present invention may also have the following features: wherein the liquid storage section includes multiple circumferential liquid storage pipes distributed parallel to the tunnel lining wall, and the length direction of the circumferential liquid storage pipes is perpendicular to the tunnel excavation direction.

[0007] The automatic repair geotextile for tunnel lining cracks provided by the present invention may also have the following features: wherein the liquid storage part is a circumferentially connected liquid storage pipe, which is composed of multiple circumferentially connected liquid storage pipes, and is set parallel to the lining wall of the tunnel, and the length direction of the circumferentially connected liquid storage pipe is perpendicular to the tunnel excavation direction.

[0008] The automatic repair geotextile for tunnel lining cracks provided by the present invention may also have the following features: the liquid storage section includes multiple axial liquid storage pipes distributed parallel to the tunnel lining wall, and the length direction of the axial liquid storage pipes is consistent with the tunnel excavation direction.

[0009] The automatic repair geotextile for tunnel lining cracks provided by the present invention may also have the following features: the liquid storage part is an axially connected liquid storage pipe, which is composed of multiple axially connected liquid storage pipes and is set parallel to the tunnel lining wall. The length direction of the axially connected liquid storage pipe is consistent with the tunnel excavation direction.

[0010] The automatic repair geotextile for tunnel lining cracks provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: wherein the liquid storage part is a liquid storage bag that matches the shape and size of the geotextile surface layer.

[0011] The present invention also provides a composite geotextile for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks, which is characterized by being installed on the tunnel lining and composed of multiple geotextiles for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks spliced ​​together.

[0012] The automatic repair composite geotextile for tunnel lining cracks provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: the splicing method of multiple automatic repair geotextiles for tunnel lining cracks is one or a combination of overlapping, sewing and welding.

[0013] The present invention also provides an automatic repair geotextile system for tunnel lining cracks, characterized by being composed of multiple composite geotextiles for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks stacked together.

[0014] The automatic repair geotextile system for tunnel lining cracks provided by the present invention may also have the following features: multiple automatic repair composite geotextiles for tunnel lining cracks are stacked in a stepped distribution, and a local overlapping area is formed between adjacent automatic repair composite geotextiles for tunnel lining cracks. The coverage of the local overlapping area is not less than 1 / 2 of the length of a single automatic repair composite geotextile for tunnel lining cracks in the length direction and not less than 2 / 3 of the width of a single automatic repair composite geotextile for tunnel lining cracks.

[0015] The role and effect of invention

[0016] The automatic repair geotextile, composite geotextile, and geotextile system for tunnel lining cracks according to the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The automatic repair geotextile for tunnel lining cracks of this invention is specifically designed for the automatic repair of tunnel cracks, particularly those caused by fissure water. This geotextile can self-repair cracks caused by fissure water during tunnel construction and operation, thereby effectively ensuring the safety and stability of the tunnel structure.

[0018] Specifically, the geotextile of this invention, by storing a flowing repair agent and using gravitational potential energy and high-pressure inert gas propulsion, can automatically activate its repair function, rapidly sealing cracks caused by water seepage and preventing further crack expansion or more serious damage to the tunnel structure. Compared with existing technologies, the geotextile of this invention not only has strong self-healing capabilities but also a longer service life and higher stability, enabling it to work for extended periods in various environments, thereby reducing frequent manual intervention and high maintenance costs associated with traditional repair methods. Furthermore, the geotextile of this invention has a simple structural design and strong adaptability, allowing for flexible adjustments based on different tunnel environments and needs. It can meet the requirements of tunnel construction under special geological conditions and effectively solve the problem of insufficient repair power that existing microcapsule technologies cannot overcome.

[0019] The automatic repair geotextile system for tunnel lining cracks of the present invention consists of multiple composite geotextiles stacked in a stepped distribution, with local overlap areas formed between adjacent composite geotextiles. The coverage area of ​​the local overlap area is not less than 1 / 2 the length of a single composite geotextile in the length direction and not less than 2 / 3 the width direction, ensuring an effective area for multi-layer water sealing. Through stacking, it is more difficult for crack water to penetrate multiple layers of composite geotextile 1, and the multiple layers of composite geotextile 1 have a larger storage capacity of fluid repair agent, allowing for better repair results. In projects with large amounts of crack water, better water sealing and self-repair effects can be achieved.

[0020] In summary, this invention provides an efficient, environmentally friendly, and economical solution for repairing tunnel cracks. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the geotextile and composite geotextile for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the geotextile for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the circumferential liquid storage tube in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the geotextile for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the automatic repair geotextile system for tunnel lining cracks in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a plan view of the geotextile system for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the laying effect of the geotextile system for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first working principle of the circumferential interconnected liquid storage tube in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second working principle of the circumferential interconnected liquid storage tube in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the geotextile for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the axial liquid storage tube in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the first working principle of the axial liquid storage tube in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the second working principle of the axial liquid storage tube in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the geotextile for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of concrete crack repair in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0036] Explanation of symbols for main components:

[0037] In the figure: 1. Automatic repair composite geotextile for tunnel lining cracks; 2. Automatic repair geotextile for tunnel lining cracks; 100. Automatic repair geotextile system for tunnel lining cracks; 3. Lining; 4. Geotextile surface layer; 5. Circumferential liquid storage pipe; 6. Flow repair agent; 8. Circumferential interconnected liquid storage pipe; 9. Axial liquid storage pipe; 10. Axial interconnected liquid storage pipe; 11. Liquid storage bag. Detailed Implementation

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, specifically illustrate the automatic repair geotextile for tunnel lining cracks, composite geotextile and geotextile system of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the geotextile and composite geotextile for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the geotextile for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0042] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the tunnel lining crack self-repair geotextile (hereinafter referred to as geotextile) 2 in this embodiment is prefabricated in the factory and is used to self-repair tunnel cracks. It includes a liquid storage part and a geotextile surface layer 4. The geotextile surface layer 4 wraps around the outside of the liquid storage part, sealing the liquid storage part to form a geotextile roll 2.

[0043] The geotextile surface layer 4 can be made of short-fiber needle-punched nonwoven geotextile, long-filament spunbond needle-punched nonwoven geotextile, long-filament woven geotextile, etc. Short-fiber needle-punched nonwoven geotextiles are selected from products conforming to GB / T 17638-2017 "Geosynthetic Materials: Short-fiber Needle-punched Nonwoven Geotextiles". They use PET short fibers or PP as the main raw materials and are widely used in water conservancy and hydropower, highway and railway, and tunnel construction projects due to their lower cost. Long-filament spunbond needle-punched nonwoven geotextiles are selected from products conforming to GB / T17639-2008 "Geosynthetic Materials: Long-filament Spunbond Needle-punched Nonwoven Geotextiles". They use PET or PP as the main raw materials and are produced using air-jet spinning, needle-punching, and melt spinning processes. They can be made into geotextile surface layers with three-dimensional pores, exhibiting high mechanical properties and good creep performance. They play a reinforcing and filtration role in important engineering fields, but their cost is higher than that of short-fiber needle-punched nonwoven geotextiles. Long-filament woven geotextiles are selected from products conforming to GB / T 17640-2008. The product specified in "Geomembrane Filament Woven Geotextile" is made of high-strength synthetic fibers as the main raw material and produced by machine weaving. It has the characteristics of extremely high strength, corrosion resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and uniform pores. However, its cost is the highest among the three types of geotextile surface layers.

[0044] The liquid storage section includes multiple annular liquid storage pipes 5, which are distributed parallel to the wall of the tunnel lining 3. The length direction of the annular liquid storage pipes 5 is perpendicular to the tunnel excavation direction.

[0045] The circumferential reservoir 5 is filled with a flowing repair agent 6 and a high-pressure inert gas. The flowing repair agent 6 is used to fill tunnel cracks; the high-pressure inert gas is used to provide power, and after the reservoir is punctured by fracture water, it squeezes the flowing repair agent 6 in the reservoir, enabling the flowing repair agent 6 to actively fill the cracks.

[0046] The wall of the annular storage pipe 5 can be cured into a shell using water-soluble materials such as water-based polyurethane, acrylic, or epoxy. The shell thickness should be selected according to the engineering design standards for stress, and its hydration level should be based on the engineering's waterproofing requirements. Different proportions of polyurethane curing agents are used to control its sensitivity to fissure water and the release rate and speed of the flow repair agent 6. When fissure water advances to the geotextile 2, the pipe wall absorbs water, softens, swells, and ruptures. The flow repair agent 6 inside the annular storage pipe 5 flows out and enters the fissure with the water flow, blocking the fissure and thus sealing the fissure water.

[0047] The flowable repair agent 6 can be a crack-filling material with flowable properties, such as epoxy resin. Adding mortar to the epoxy resin will result in larger particles, providing better sealing for larger cracks. The specific fineness and amount of mortar added should be determined based on the geological conditions of the engineering site. Specifically, in this embodiment, the flowable repair agent 6 can also be a powdered filler, such as fast-curing cement. After the water flow dissolves the wall of the annular storage pipe 5, it collapses to the water inflow location under its own gravity and the propulsion of high-pressure inert gas, rapidly curing and sealing the crack upon contact with water.

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the circumferential liquid storage tube in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the geotextile for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0049] Working principle: such as Figure 3 As shown, when the fissure water dissolves the bottom wall of the annular storage pipe 5, the flowing repair agent 6 inside the pipe will spontaneously flow under the action of gravity and the propulsion of high-pressure inert gas, flowing out from the pipe wall breach and advancing with the water flow to the fissure, blocking the fissure and thus cutting off the extension of the fissure water into the tunnel interior space. Figure 4 As shown, this illustrates the principle of bidirectional repair using the fluid repair agent 6 in geotextile 2. Because high-pressure inert gas is incorporated into the fluid repair agent 6, when the pipe wall ruptures, the fluid repair agent 6 inside the pipe actively squeezes out, repairing the crack along the direction of the water flow and filling the crack in the opposite direction of the water flow. Simultaneously, the high-pressure inert gas, upon contact with the reinforced concrete cage, prevents it from rusting or corroding, and also repels any incoming air, protecting the reinforcing steel.

[0050] The advantages of the circumferential reservoir 5 are its higher drop and longer flow range, which allows the flowing repair agent 6 to fill quickly and efficiently, and it is effective for cracks with small inflow rates. Its disadvantage is that when the crack water dissolves the pipe wall in the upper part of the pipe, the flowing repair agent 6 above the crack will spontaneously flow towards the dissolution area, but there is a long ineffective zone below.

[0051] Understanding the hydrological conditions of the surrounding rock is crucial for preventing and controlling fissure water in tunnels. This includes determining the source, direction, and flow rate of water seepage. Various techniques can be used to determine these factors, such as groundwater modeling, hydrological testing, and drilling. Once the hydrological conditions are understood, different types of reservoirs can be selected to address various situations.

[0052] The geotextile 2 (circumferential geotextile) in this embodiment is suitable for situations where the crack clusters are concentrated in the middle and lower parts and the water inflow at the crack points is relatively small.

[0053] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment also provides an automatic repair composite geotextile (hereinafter referred to as composite geotextile) 1 for tunnel lining cracks, which is installed on the tunnel lining 3 and is composed of multiple geotextiles 2 spliced ​​together.

[0054] Storage of Geotextile 2

[0055] Before installation, geotextile rolls should be protected from damage. The rolling direction should be based on the arrangement of the internal annular liquid storage tubes 5 to avoid large-angle bending that could leak the flow repair agent 6. They should be stacked in a flat, dry location, and the stacking height should not be too high to prevent cracking of the internal annular liquid storage tubes 5. Geotextile rolls that have suffered physical damage must be repaired; severely damaged rolls cannot be used. Geotextile rolls corroded by chemical reagents are not permitted to be used. Chemical reagents will thin the walls of the annular liquid storage tubes 5, making them prone to cracking during transportation due to vibrations from transport equipment or during construction due to pressure from laying equipment. When subjected to tunnel pressure, the weakened wall thickness may deviate from design specifications, and premature cracking due to the tunnel's own weight stress can also lead to leakage of the flow repair agent 6, failing to achieve the desired sealing effect against fissure water.

[0056] Laying of composite geotextile 1

[0057] During construction, after the geotextile rolls are transported to the tunnel site, the packaging film is opened before laying, and the appearance quality is checked by laying one roll at a time. The geotextile rolls are then laid mechanically or manually on the inner wall of the initial lining. The geotextile rolls must be flat on one side and allow for appropriate deformation. Special attention is paid to the tightness of the joints and the integrity of the rolls. The joints between rolls should be tight to prevent water from seeping through the gaps between the rolls. The joints between rolls should remain intact to prevent construction machinery from puncturing the circumferential liquid storage pipe 5, prematurely releasing the flowing repair agent 6, and weakening the self-healing ability of the composite geotextile rolls.

[0058] splicing of composite geotextile 1

[0059] The splicing of composite geotextile 1 should be selected based on the terrain, climate, materials, and equipment. Commonly used methods include natural splicing (overlapping), sewing, and welding. For long-filament geotextile surface layer 4, hot air welding is preferred. A high-temperature hot air gun is used to heat the splicing area of ​​composite geotextile 1, causing it to partially melt. At this time, a certain external force is applied to make the two layers of geotextile surface layer 4 adhere tightly at the splicing point. After the temperature drops and the melted part cools and solidifies, the splicing is completed. In rainy, snowy, or humid weather, when hot bonding is not possible, sewing can be used. A special sewing machine and high-strength thread are used to double-stitch the splicing point.

[0060] Repair of composite geotextile 1

[0061] If the composite geotextile 1 has wear on the geotextile surface layer 4 or damage to the wall of the circumferential liquid storage tube 5, it must be clearly marked on the composite geotextile 1 for replacement or repair. For wear on the geotextile surface layer 4, a repaired surface layer of the same material must be thermally bonded to the original geotextile surface layer 4, with a minimum length of 200mm in each of the four directions to ensure a tight fit. For damage to the wall of the circumferential liquid storage tube 5, the entire geotextile 2 can be replaced, or a single circumferential liquid storage tube 5 can be replaced. When replacing a single circumferential liquid storage tube 5, first use a hook knife to cut the geotextile surface layer 4 on the surface of the single circumferential liquid storage tube 5, remove the circumferential liquid storage tube 5, replace it with a good one, and then thermally bond the geotextile surface layer 4 using the same repair method as when the geotextile surface layer 4 is worn.

[0062] After the composite geotextile 1 is laid, the waterproofing fabric, secondary lining, and insulation layer are then constructed. During tunnel construction and operation, as water from the surrounding rock fissures penetrates the waterproofing fabric and causes cracks in the concrete, the circumferential liquid storage pipe 5 in the composite geotextile 1 releases a flowing repair agent 6 to repair and seal the cracks in the tunnel lining 3.

[0063] In projects with large fissure water volume, composite geotextile 1 can be layered to achieve better water-proofing and self-healing effects.

[0064] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the automatic repair geotextile system for tunnel lining cracks in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a plan view of the geotextile system for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the laying effect of the geotextile system for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0065] like Figure 5-7 As shown, this embodiment also provides an automatic repair geotextile system 100 for tunnel lining cracks, which is composed of three composite geotextiles 1 stacked together.

[0066] Three composite geotextiles 1 are stacked in a stepped arrangement, with local overlap areas between adjacent composite geotextiles 1. The coverage area of ​​the local overlap area is no less than 1 / 2 the length of a single composite geotextile 1 in the length direction and no less than 2 / 3 the width of a single composite geotextile 1 in the width direction. Through stacking, it is more difficult for fissure water to penetrate two layers of composite geotextiles 1, and the two layers of self-healing geotextiles have double the storage capacity of the fluid repair agent 6, which can achieve better repair results.

[0067] Alternatively, other quantities of composite geotextile 1 can be used for layering as needed. Attention should be paid to their arrangement to avoid areas that are too thick or too thin.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] In Embodiment 2, the same symbols are used for the same structures as in Embodiment 1, and the same descriptions are omitted.

[0070] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first working principle of the circumferential interconnected liquid storage tube in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second working principle of the circumferential interconnected liquid storage tube in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0071] like Figure 8-9 As shown, the liquid storage section is a circumferentially connected liquid storage pipe 8, which is composed of multiple circumferentially connected liquid storage pipes 5. It is set parallel to the wall of the tunnel lining 3, and the length direction of the circumferentially connected liquid storage pipe 8 is perpendicular to the tunnel excavation direction.

[0072] The working principle of the circumferential interconnected liquid storage pipe 8 is the same as that of the circumferential liquid storage pipe 5. When the fissure water dissolves the pipe wall at the bottom of the pipe, the flowing repair agent 6 inside the pipe will flow spontaneously under the action of gravity and the push of high pressure inert gas, flowing out from the pipe wall rupture and advancing to the crack with the water flow.

[0073] The similarities between the circumferential interconnected liquid storage pipe 8 and the circumferential liquid storage pipe 5 are that the higher drop and longer flow range allow the flow repair agent 6 to fill quickly and efficiently, and there is a longer ineffective zone below when the fissure water dissolves the liquid storage pipe wall in the upper part of the pipe.

[0074] like Figure 8-9 It can be seen that the difference between the circumferential liquid storage pipe 5 and the circumferential interconnected liquid storage pipe 8 is that the participation of a larger volume of flow repair agent 6 makes the circumferential interconnected liquid storage pipe 8 more effective in cases where the inflow of water at a single fracture point is large. However, due to the interconnection between the pipes, the bends and connections are more prone to damage in various stages of production, transportation, and construction, and the pipe wall of the circumferential interconnected liquid storage pipe 8 needs to have good elasticity and strength.

[0075] The geotextile 2 (circumferentially connected geotextile) in this embodiment is suitable for situations where the fracture group is concentrated in the middle and lower part and the water inflow at the fracture point is moderate.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] In Embodiment 3, the same symbols are used for the same structures as in Embodiment 1, and the same descriptions are omitted.

[0078] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the geotextile for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0079] like Figure 10As shown, the liquid storage section includes multiple axial liquid storage pipes 9, which are distributed parallel to the wall of the tunnel lining 3. The length direction of the axial liquid storage pipes 9 is consistent with the tunnel excavation direction.

[0080] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the axial liquid storage tube in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0081] Working principle: such as Figure 11 As shown, when the fissure water dissolves the wall of the axial reservoir pipe 9, the flowing repair agent 6 inside the pipe flows out from the pipe wall rupture. At this time, the flowing repair agent 6 in other parts of the pipe has a "self-leveling" effect and will also spontaneously flow towards the pipe wall rupture. After flowing out, it will advance to the crack along with the water flow, block the crack, and thus cut off the extension of the fissure water into the tunnel interior space.

[0082] Its advantages are that, regardless of where the fissure water dissolves on the wall of the axial reservoir 9, the flowing repair agent 6 on both sides of the rupture will spontaneously flow towards the dissolution site, eliminating the ineffective zone. The geotextile 2 of this embodiment is easy to transport and install, and can be rolled up and placed along the gaps between the axially arranged reservoirs 9. Its disadvantages are that, due to the lack of significant elevation difference, the "self-leveling" power is insufficient, resulting in slower fissure repair speed and a larger overflow of the flowing repair agent 6 compared to the circumferential geotextile in Embodiment 1 and the circumferentially connected geotextile in Embodiment 2. Therefore, a flowing repair agent 6 with good flowability and low dynamic viscosity should be selected, and powdered fillers are not considered. Thus, when fissures are concentrated in the lower middle part, circumferential and circumferentially connected geotextiles should be given priority. When fissures are concentrated in the upper part, due to the large ineffective zone of these two types, the geotextile 2 of this embodiment should be considered.

[0083] The geotextile 2 (axial geotextile) in this embodiment is suitable for situations where the crack clusters are concentrated in the upper part and the water inflow at the crack points is relatively small.

[0084] Example 4

[0085] In Embodiment 4, the same symbols are used for the same structures as in Embodiment 1, and the same descriptions are omitted.

[0086] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the first working principle of the axial liquid storage tube in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the second working principle of the axial liquid storage tube in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0087] like Figure 12-13 As shown, the liquid storage section is an axially connected liquid storage pipe 10, which is composed of multiple axially connected liquid storage pipes 9. It is set parallel to the wall of the tunnel lining 3, and the length direction of the axially connected liquid storage pipe 10 is consistent with the tunnel excavation direction.

[0088] The working principle of the axially connected liquid storage tube 10 is the same as that of the axially connected liquid storage tube 9. When the fissure water dissolves the tube wall of the axially connected liquid storage tube 10, the flowing repair agent 6 inside the tube flows out from the hole in the tube wall. At this time, the flowing repair agent 6 in other parts of the tube will spontaneously flow towards the hole in the tube wall due to the "self-leveling" effect and the compression of the high-pressure inert gas. It will advance with the water flow to the crack and block the crack.

[0089] The similarity between the axially connected liquid storage tube 10 and the axial liquid storage tube 9 is that they both utilize the "self-leveling" effect to complete the movement of the flow repair agent 6 towards the rupture opening, such as... Figure 12-13 It can be known that...

[0090] The difference between the axial-type storage pipe 9 and the axial-type storage pipe 10 lies in its principle, which combines circumferential and axial geotextiles. The presence of both in-plane "self-leveling" and significant elevation differences between different planes allows the flowing repair agent 6 to have greater "momentum," resulting in a larger volume of flowing repair agent 6. This makes the axially connected storage pipe 10 more effective for situations with large inflow volumes at single-crack locations. However, the introduction of the circumferential geotextile structure also introduces the problem of an ineffective zone in the circumferential storage pipe 5. Furthermore, due to the interconnections between pipes, the bends and connections are more susceptible to damage during production, transportation, and construction. Therefore, the pipe wall of the axially connected storage pipe 10 requires good elasticity and strength.

[0091] The geotextile 2 (axially connected geotextile) in this embodiment is suitable for situations where the crack group is concentrated in the upper part and the water inflow at the crack point is moderate.

[0092] Example 5

[0093] In Embodiment 5, the same symbols are used for the same structures as in Embodiment 1, and the same descriptions are omitted.

[0094] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the geotextile for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0095] like Figure 14 As shown, the liquid storage part is a liquid storage bag 11, which matches the shape and size of the geotextile surface layer 4.

[0096] When the fissure water dissolves the wall of the storage bag 11, the flowing repair agent 6 inside the bag flows out from the rupture in the bag wall. The working principle of the storage bag 11 is the same as that of the circumferential storage tube 5. The fissure water dissolves the bag wall at the bottom of the storage bag 11, and the flowing repair agent 6 inside the bag will spontaneously flow under the action of gravity and the propulsion of high-pressure inert gas, flowing out from the rupture in the bag wall and advancing with the water flow to the fissure.

[0097] Its advantages lie in the higher drop and larger unit capacity, which allows the flowing repair agent 6 to fill more quickly and efficiently, and it has a better effect on cracks with large inflow. Its disadvantages are that when the crack water dissolves the bag wall in the upper part of the storage bag 11, the flowing repair liquid above the rupture will spontaneously flow to the dissolution area, but there is a long ineffective area below; at the same time, the design of the storage tube can deal with multiple cracks. After a single storage tube is effective and repairs the crack, the other storage tubes are full of liquid, and the repair capability is retained for cracks at any location. However, if the storage bag 11 is ruptured at any location, the flowing repair agent 6 overflows, the liquid level in the bag decreases, and a void appears at the top of the bag. If crack water punctures the top, there is no repair capability.

[0098] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of concrete crack repair in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0099] like Figure 15 As shown, this demonstrates the effect of concrete crack repair. The flowing repair fluid fills the concrete cracks, which can repair the cracks and protect them from the effects of crack water.

[0100] The geotextile (liquid storage bag type geotextile) 2 in this embodiment is suitable for situations where the crack group is concentrated in the middle and lower part and the water inflow at the crack point is large.

[0101] In summary, based on the engineering exploration, a suitable arrangement of the liquid storage section of geotextile 2 can be selected, as shown in Table 1. Furthermore, different geotextiles 2 (circumferential geotextile, circumferential interconnected geotextile, axial geotextile, axial interconnected geotextile, and liquid storage bag geotextile) can be spliced ​​together to form a composite geotextile 1 to cope with complex tunnel hydrological conditions.

[0102] Table 1 Layout of Liquid Storage Section

[0103] Fissure water is located in the lower part of the tunnel. Fissure water is located in the upper part of the tunnel. The groundwater volume is small Circular liquid storage tube 5 Axial type liquid storage tube 9 Medium groundwater volume Circular interconnected liquid storage tube 8 Axially connected liquid storage tube 10 Large amount of groundwater Liquid storage bag 11 Geotextile System 100

[0104] The role and effect of the embodiments

[0105] The automatic repair geotextile 2 for tunnel lining cracks, the composite geotextile 1, and the geotextile system 100 according to the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0106] (1) Strong bidirectional self-healing capability: The geotextile 2 of the present invention, through the flowable repair agent 6 and high-pressure inert gas filled in the liquid storage section, can automatically activate the repair function under the infiltration of fissure water, quickly seal the cracks, and prevent the cracks from expanding further. Compared with traditional microcapsule self-healing technology, the present invention can perform counter-current repair at the source of the crack, achieving more thorough and efficient crack repair.

[0107] (2) Minimal impact on concrete strength: The present invention uses geotextile 2 as the base material, which will not affect the structural strength of concrete when combined with it. Unlike the practice of incorporating microcapsules into concrete in the prior art, the present invention avoids the negative impact of microcapsules on concrete strength and ensures the load-bearing capacity of tunnel lining 3.

[0108] (3) High repair efficiency: Under the impetus of high-pressure inert gas, the flowable repair agent 6 of the present invention can quickly and effectively cover cracks, avoiding the defect of insufficient flowability of epoxy resin, and ensuring that the flowable repair agent 6 can repair in both the direction of water flow and the direction of counterflow. Compared with the "passive flow" of the repair liquid in traditional microcapsule technology, the internal dynamic mechanism of the present invention provides stronger repair capabilities.

[0109] (4) Wide range of applications: Due to the good adaptability of the geotextile 2 of the present invention, the arrangement of the liquid storage section and the configuration of the flow repair agent 6 can be flexibly adjusted according to the geological conditions, fracture types and permeability characteristics of fracture water in different tunnels. Unlike some existing technologies that are specifically designed for certain geological conditions, the present invention has a wider range of application prospects.

[0110] (5) Simple and low-cost structural design: The geotextile 2 of this invention has a simple structure, adopting a common method of combining the geotextile surface layer 4 with the liquid storage part. The material selection is flexible, the production process is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low. Compared with some existing complex waterproof or repair structures, this invention has better economic efficiency and is suitable for large-scale application.

[0111] (6) High reliability and long-term usability: The present invention uses a combination of high-pressure inert gas and flowing repair agent 6, which not only enables active repair at the crack, but also maintains a high-efficiency repair effect for a long time due to its excellent sealing and water penetration resistance design. Compared with equipment in the prior art that requires frequent maintenance, the present invention has lower maintenance costs and higher reliability.

[0112] (7) Reduced impact on tunnel operation: The design of the geotextile 2 in this invention does not affect the normal construction and operation of the tunnel. It can be fixed for a long time without frequent replacement, which greatly reduces the impact of construction on tunnel operation. Compared with existing waterproof membranes or manual repair methods, this invention can carry out continuous monitoring and repair without interrupting tunnel operation.

[0113] (8) Environmental friendliness: The fluid repair agent 6 used in this invention is non-toxic and environmentally friendly. It will not cause pollution to the tunnel environment during use. Compared with some chemical repair agents, this invention provides a more environmentally friendly solution and contributes to sustainable development.

[0114] Furthermore, the automatic repair geotextile system 100 for tunnel lining cracks of the present invention is composed of multiple composite geotextiles 1 stacked together in a stepped distribution, with local overlap areas formed between adjacent composite geotextiles 1. The coverage area of ​​the local overlap area is not less than 1 / 2 of the length of a single composite geotextile 1 in the length direction and not less than 2 / 3 of the width of a single composite geotextile 1, ensuring the effective area of ​​multi-layer water-proofing. Through stacking, it is more difficult for crack water to penetrate multiple layers of composite geotextiles 1, and the composite geotextiles 1 have a multiple storage capacity of fluid repair agent 6, which can achieve better repair results. In projects with large amounts of crack water, better water-proofing and self-repairing effects can be obtained.

[0115] Those skilled in the art should understand that this invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A geotextile for automatically repairing tunnel lining cracks, used to self-repair cracks in tunnels, characterized in that... include: liquid storage part; A geotextile surface layer is wrapped around the outside of the liquid storage section; The liquid storage section is filled with: A fluid repair agent is used to fill the tunnel cracks; High-pressure inert gas is used to provide power to compress the fluid repair agent inside the reservoir after it is punctured by fissure water, enabling the fluid repair agent to actively fill the fissure.

2. The geotextile for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The liquid storage section includes multiple annular liquid storage pipes distributed parallel to the lining wall of the tunnel, and the length direction of the annular liquid storage pipes is perpendicular to the tunnel excavation direction.

3. The automatic repair geotextile for tunnel lining cracks according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The liquid storage section is a circumferentially connected liquid storage pipe, which is composed of multiple circumferentially connected liquid storage pipes and is set parallel to the lining wall of the tunnel. The length direction of the circumferentially connected liquid storage pipe is perpendicular to the tunnel excavation direction.

4. The geotextile for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The liquid storage section includes multiple axial liquid storage pipes distributed parallel to the lining wall of the tunnel, and the length direction of the axial liquid storage pipes is consistent with the tunnel excavation direction.

5. The automatic repair geotextile for tunnel lining cracks according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The liquid storage section is an axially connected liquid storage pipe, which is composed of multiple axially connected liquid storage pipes and is set parallel to the lining wall of the tunnel. The length direction of the axially connected liquid storage pipe is consistent with the tunnel excavation direction.

6. The automatic repair geotextile for tunnel lining cracks according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The liquid storage section is a liquid storage bag, which matches the shape and size of the geotextile surface layer.

7. Automatic repair composite geotextile for tunnel lining cracks, characterized in that: It is installed on the lining of the tunnel and is composed of multiple geotextiles for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. The composite geotextile for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks according to claim 7, characterized in that: in, The splicing method of the multiple automatic repair geotextiles for tunnel lining cracks is one or a combination of overlapping, sewing and welding.

9. An automatic repair geotextile system for tunnel lining cracks, characterized in that: It is composed of multiple composite geotextiles for automatic repair of tunnel lining cracks as described in claim 7.

10. The automatic repair geotextile system for tunnel lining cracks according to claim 9, characterized in that: in, Multiple automatic repair composite geotextiles for tunnel lining cracks are stacked in a stepped distribution, with local overlapping areas formed between adjacent automatic repair composite geotextiles for tunnel lining cracks. The coverage area of ​​the local overlapping area is not less than 1 / 2 of the length of a single automatic repair composite geotextile for tunnel lining cracks in the length direction and not less than 2 / 3 of the width of a single automatic repair composite geotextile for tunnel lining cracks.

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