Device for measuring gas formation amount of liquid hydrocarbon of undischarged hydrocarbon source rock

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of liquid hydrocarbon measuring devices, in particular to a device for measuring the gas forming amount of liquid hydrocarbon without being discharged out of hydrocarbon source rocks, which comprises a machine compartment, a measuring tank, a gap making driving mechanism, a plurality of high-pressure injection components, an exhaust measuring component and a gap maker, the measuring tank is arranged in the machine compartment, and a hydrocarbon source rock sample block is stored in the measuring tank; a plurality of forming holes are uniformly distributed in the hydrocarbon source rock sample block, the gap making driving mechanism can drive the gap making device to extend into the forming holes and perform wall breaking and gap making on the inner walls of the forming holes, and the high-pressure injection assembly can convey liquid hydrocarbon into pores from the forming holes at high pressure. The device is reasonable and compact in structure and convenient to use, different fractures are constructed through the gap maker, and liquid hydrocarbon is injected into the fractures through the high-pressure injection assembly, so that the migration path of the liquid hydrocarbon in an underground fracture network is simulated, the gas forming amount of the liquid hydrocarbon which is not discharged out of hydrocarbon source rocks in multiple environment conditions is simulated and measured, and the reduction simulation degree is high.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of liquid hydrocarbon measuring device, and is a liquid hydrocarbon gas generation amount measuring device for un-drained source rock. BACKGROUND

[0002] Source rock is a kind of rock rich in organic matter, which is mainly formed by the remains of plants and animals through long-term compaction, heating and chemical action. Dispersed liquid hydrocarbon widely exists in source rock, such as shale and mudstone. Dispersed liquid hydrocarbon has important significance in shale oil exploration and development. When the liquid hydrocarbon accumulated in the pores and cracks of the shale series reaches a certain amount, a shale oil reservoir with industrial exploitation value can be formed, and there have been many successful cases of shale oil reservoir exploration and development in China, such as the shale oil reservoir in the eastern Junggar Basin.

[0003] At present, for deep oil and gas resources, finding the location of source rock and the related residual gas amount is of great significance for finding deep oil and gas resources. Based on the resource scale of the existing oil and gas reservoirs in the oil and gas system, exploring the amount of kerogen degradation gas or oil cracking gas under higher thermal evolution conditions is of great significance for mastering the potential gas reservoir scale. In the prior art, the amount of liquid hydrocarbon stored in the rock is estimated by the method of pore volume determination. There are mainly two methods for measuring pore volume: direct measurement and indirect measurement. The direct measurement method is to put a sample of a petroleum reservoir into a sealed device, fill the pore volume with compressed gas, and calculate the pore volume according to the volume of the gas (or liquid) filled or discharged. The indirect measurement method is various, including nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption method, gas adsorption method, and ground resistivity measurement method. The method of pore volume determination for estimating the amount of liquid hydrocarbon stored in the rock has low measurement accuracy and a relatively complex process. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device for measuring the amount of gas generated by rock and residual hydrocarbon in un-drained source rock, so as to solve the problems in the above background. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a liquid hydrocarbon gas generation amount measuring device for un-drained source rock, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and effectively solves the problem of low measurement accuracy of liquid hydrocarbon in source rock.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a device for measuring the amount of liquid hydrocarbons generated from source rocks that have not been discharged, comprising a chamber, a measuring tank, a gap-forming drive mechanism, several high-pressure injection components, an exhaust measuring component, and a gap-forming device. The measuring tank is provided inside the chamber, and a sample block of source rock is stored in the measuring tank. Multiple forming holes are evenly distributed in the sample block of source rock. The gap-forming drive mechanism can drive the gap-forming device to extend into the forming hole and break the inner wall of the forming hole to create gaps. The high-pressure injection components can deliver liquid hydrocarbons from the forming hole to the pores under high pressure. The exhaust measuring component is used to collect and measure the amount of gas generated.

[0006] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the above-mentioned technical solution: Preferably, the gap-forming drive mechanism includes an upper end seat, a guide column, a drive cylinder, a pressure plate, and an outer plastic ring. An upper end seat is fixed on the machine chamber above the measuring tank. A drive cylinder is installed on the upper side of the upper end seat. The extended end of the drive cylinder is connected to a guide column. The lower end of the guide column passes through the upper end seat and is fixedly installed with a pressure plate. An outer plastic ring is fixed to the outside of the lower side of the pressure plate by a support rod. The outer plastic ring is fitted on the outside of the source rock sample block. Several gap-forming devices are installed near the middle of the lower side of the pressure plate.

[0007] Preferably, the gap-making device includes a shaft frame, a drive motor, a support spring, an upper expansion frame, and a lower expansion frame. The shaft frame is installed on the lower side of the pressure plate, and a shaft rod is rotatably connected inside the shaft frame. The drive motor is installed on the upper side of the shaft frame and is connected to the shaft rod in a transmission manner. The upper expansion frame and the lower expansion frame are provided at intervals on the lower outer side of the shaft rod. The upper expansion frame and the lower expansion frame can contact and expand the pressure on the inner wall of the forming hole of the source rock sample block.

[0008] Preferably, several support springs are distributed circumferentially between the upper and lower expansion frames.

[0009] Preferably, the upper and lower expansion frames have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed vertically. The upper expansion frame includes a positioning plate, a pressure chamber, expansion plates, an annular piston, and wedges. The positioning plate is fixed on the shaft. Multiple expansion plates are circumferentially slidably arranged on the positioning plate. Wedges are installed on the inner side of the expansion plates. The inner side of the wedges is a sloping surface with a lower inner side and a higher outer side. A pressure chamber is installed on the outer side of the shaft above the positioning plate. The shaft is a hollow tube with an open upper side. An airflow pipe is connected to the upper end of the shaft. The shaft has a through hole that connects to the pressure chamber. An annular piston is installed inside the pressure chamber. A connecting pipe is installed at the lower end of the annular piston. The lower end of the connecting pipe passes through the upper part of the positioning plate and abuts against the inner side of the wedges.

[0010] Preferably, the high-pressure injection assembly includes a telescopic guide cylinder, a liquid tank, an annular tank, and a pressure plug. The telescopic guide cylinder is located on the lower side of the measuring tank. The liquid tank is installed after the extended end of the telescopic guide cylinder passes through the measuring tank. A liquid inlet is provided on one side of the liquid tank. A turbine is rotatably installed inside the liquid tank. An annular tank is installed on the outside of the liquid tank and is connected to the liquid tank. The annular tank has several through holes along its circumference. Pressure plugs are provided at the upper and lower parts of the annular tank.

[0011] Preferably, the exhaust gas measuring assembly includes an annular cylinder and a metering tube. The annular cylinder is embedded inside the measuring tank. The annular cylinder has a double-layer cylindrical structure. The inner layer of the annular cylinder has several through-holes, and the outer layer of the annular cylinder is connected to the metering tube.

[0012] Preferably, the measuring vessel is equipped with a pressure boosting valve and a temperature controller.

[0013] This invention has a reasonable and compact structure and is easy to use. It constructs different fractures through a fracture generator and injects liquid hydrocarbons into the fractures through a high-pressure injection component, thereby simulating the migration path of liquid hydrocarbons in the underground fracture network. It can simulate and measure the amount of liquid hydrocarbons that have not been discharged from the source rock under various environmental conditions, and the simulation accuracy is high. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Appendix Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Appendix Figure 3 For the appendix Figure 1 Enlarged structural schematic diagram of the gap-generating drive mechanism.

[0017] Appendix Figure 4 For the appendix Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the gap generator.

[0018] Appendix Figure 5 For the appendix Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram of the medium- and high-pressure injection assembly.

[0019] Appendix Figure 6 For the appendix Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram of the intermediate liquid tank.

[0020] Appendix Figure 7 For the appendix Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the exhaust gas measuring component.

[0021] The codes in the attached diagram are as follows: 1 is the machine compartment, 2 is the measuring tank, 21 is the pressure boosting valve, 3 is the gap-making drive mechanism, 31 is the upper end seat, 32 is the guide column, 33 is the drive cylinder, 34 is the pressure plate, 35 is the outer plastic ring, 4 is the high-pressure injection assembly, 41 is the telescopic guide cylinder, 42 is the liquid tank, 43 is the turbine, 44 is the pressure plug, 45 is the ring chamber, 5 is the exhaust measuring assembly, 51 is the ring cylinder, 52 is the air hole, 53 is the metering tube, 6 is the gap-maker, 61 is the shaft bracket, 62 is the shaft rod, 63 is the drive motor, 64 is the support spring, 65 is the positioning plate, 66 is the air pressure chamber, 67 is the expansion plate, 68 is the airflow pipe, 69 is the annular piston, and 70 is the wedge block. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation can be determined according to the technical solution of the present invention and the actual situation.

[0023] In this invention, for ease of description, the description of the relative positions of the components is based on the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 The layout is described using a diagrammatic method, such as front, back, top, bottom, left, right, etc. The positional relationships are determined based on the layout direction of the attached diagram in the instruction manual.

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings: Example 1: As shown in the attached document Figures 1-7 As shown, the device for measuring the amount of liquid hydrocarbons generated from unexhausted source rock includes a chamber 1, a measuring tank 2, a gap-forming drive mechanism 3, several high-pressure injection components 4, an exhaust measurement component 5, and a gap-forming device 6. The measuring tank 2 is located inside the chamber 1, and the measuring tank 2 contains a sample block of source rock. Multiple forming holes are evenly distributed in the sample block of source rock. The gap-forming drive mechanism 3 can drive the gap-forming device 6 to extend into the forming hole and break the inner wall of the forming hole to create a gap. The high-pressure injection components 4 can deliver liquid hydrocarbons from the forming hole to the pores under high pressure. The exhaust measurement component 5 is used to collect and measure the amount of gas generated.

[0025] This invention uses core gas release to determine the amount of liquid hydrocarbons that can be converted into gas, thereby assessing the hydrocarbon gas potential in source rocks. Liquid hydrocarbons can be converted into gas and collected and analyzed. This method can provide information on the total hydrocarbon gas potential and gas release characteristics in source rocks, and has high measurement accuracy. The main components employed include a fracture-creating drive mechanism 3 and a fracture-creating device 6, capable of simulating various fracture structures (including complex fractures) in geological cores. A high-pressure injection component 4 injects a certain amount of liquid hydrocarbons into the source rock sample block, allowing the liquid hydrocarbons to flow fully within the structural fractures. This simulates the migration path of liquid hydrocarbons in an actual underground fracture network, exploring the retention, diffusion, adsorption, and desorption effects of fluids in different structures. Heating is used to simulate pyrolysis in the sample block, during which liquid hydrocarbons are converted into gas, collected, and analyzed. Then, the gas production is measured using an exhaust measurement component 5. The liquid hydrocarbon content is calculated based on the analysis and comparison, usually expressed as a volume or weight percentage. This method can provide information on the total hydrocarbon gas potential and gas release characteristics in the source rock. It can also measure the physical properties of the source rock, such as density, acoustic velocity, and electrical conductivity, which can indirectly infer the presence and content of liquid hydrocarbons for data comparison. This allows for the simulation and measurement of the gas production of liquid hydrocarbons from source rocks that have not been expelled under various environmental conditions, with a high degree of simulation accuracy.

[0026] The above-mentioned device for measuring the amount of liquid hydrocarbons generated from source rocks that have not been discharged can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs: Example 2: As shown in the attached document Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the gap-forming drive mechanism 3 includes an upper end seat 31, a guide column 32, a drive cylinder 33, a pressure plate 34, and an outer plastic ring 35. The upper end seat 31 is fixed on the machine compartment 1 above the measuring tank 2. The drive cylinder 33 is installed on the upper side of the upper end seat 31. The extended end of the drive cylinder 33 is connected to the guide column 32. The lower end of the guide column 32 passes through the upper end seat 31 and is fixedly installed on the pressure plate 34. The outer plastic ring 35 is fixed to the lower side of the pressure plate 34 by a support rod. The outer plastic ring 35 is fitted on the outside of the source rock sample block. Several gap-forming devices 6 are installed on the lower side of the pressure plate 34 near the middle.

[0027] The drive cylinder 33 can push the pressure plate 34 and the gap maker 6 to move up and down, and adjust the up and down position of the gap maker 6, thereby constructing fractures at different positions of the forming hole of the source rock sample block, and simulating more types of fractures.

[0028] Example 3: As shown in the attached document Figure 4 As shown, the gap-forming device 6 includes a shaft frame 61, a drive motor 63, a support spring 64, an upper expansion frame, and a lower expansion frame. The shaft frame 61 is installed on the lower side of the pressure plate 34. A shaft rod 62 is rotatably connected inside the shaft frame 61. The drive motor 63 is installed on the upper side of the shaft frame 61. The drive motor 63 is connected to the shaft rod 62 in a transmission connection. The upper expansion frame and the lower expansion frame are provided at intervals on the lower outer side of the shaft rod 62. The upper expansion frame and the lower expansion frame can contact and expand the inner wall of the forming hole of the source rock sample block.

[0029] The drive motor 63 can drive the shaft 62 to rotate, causing the upper and lower expansion frames to rotate, applying pressure to different positions on the inner wall of the forming hole to create cracks. It can create a variety of cracks, making the simulation more accurate.

[0030] Example 4: As shown in the appendix Figure 4 As shown, several support springs 64 are distributed circumferentially between the upper and lower expansion frames. By setting the support springs 64 to reduce vibration, the upper and lower expansion frames are kept to operate synchronously, resulting in high gap-making accuracy.

[0031] Example 5: As shown in the attached document Figure 4 As shown, the upper and lower expansion frames have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed. The upper expansion frame includes a positioning plate 65, a pressure chamber 66, an expansion plate 67, an annular piston 69, and a wedge block 70. The positioning plate 65 is fixed on the shaft 62. Multiple expansion plates 67 are circumferentially slidably arranged on the positioning plate 65. A wedge block 70 is installed on the inner side of the expansion plate 67. The inner side of the wedge block 70 is a slope with a lower inner side and a higher outer side. The pressure chamber 66 is installed on the outer side of the shaft 62 above the positioning plate 65. The shaft 62 is a hollow tube with an opening on the upper side. An airflow pipe 68 is connected to the upper end of the shaft 62. The shaft 62 has a through hole that connects the inner and outer sides to the pressure chamber 66. An annular piston 69 is installed inside the pressure chamber 66. A connecting pipe is installed at the lower end of the annular piston 69. The lower end of the connecting pipe passes through the upper part of the positioning plate 65 and abuts against the inner side of the wedge block 70.

[0032] In use, the gas entering through the airflow pipe 68 enters the air pressure chamber 66 through the through hole on the shaft 62. The gas pushes the annular piston 69 downward, thereby pushing the wedge block 70 to move outward, which in turn pushes the expansion plate 67 to move outward and squeeze the inner wall of the forming hole, causing it to break and form a crack.

[0033] Example 6: As shown in the appendix Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the high-pressure injection assembly 4 includes a telescopic guide cylinder 41, a liquid tank 42, an annular chamber 45, and a pressure plug 44. The telescopic guide cylinder 41 is located below the measuring tank 2. The extended end of the telescopic guide cylinder 41 passes through the measuring tank 2 and is fitted with the liquid tank 42. One side of the liquid tank 42 is provided with a liquid inlet hole. A turbine 43 is rotatably installed inside the liquid tank 42. An annular chamber 45 is installed on the outside of the liquid tank 42 and is connected to the liquid tank 42. The annular chamber 45 is provided with several through holes along its circumference. Pressure plugs 44 are provided at the upper and lower parts of the annular chamber 45.

[0034] The telescopic guide cylinder 41 can adjust the position of the liquid chamber 42, thereby adjusting the injection position of the liquid hydrocarbon. The liquid hydrocarbon enters the liquid chamber 42 through the inlet hole, and after being pressurized by the turbine 43, it flows into the annular chamber 45. In the annular chamber 45, it is pressurized by the pressure plug 44 and then flows into the fissure through the outer hole.

[0035] Example 7: As attached Figure 7 As shown, the exhaust gas measurement component 5 includes an annular cylinder 51 and a metering tube 53. The annular cylinder 51 is embedded inside the measurement tank 2. The annular cylinder 51 has a double-layer cylindrical structure. The inner layer of the annular cylinder 51 has several through-holes 52, and the outer layer of the annular cylinder 51 is connected to the metering tube 53. The pyrolysis in the sample block is simulated by heating. During the heating process, the liquid hydrocarbons are converted into gas and collected and analyzed. Then, the amount of gas produced is measured in conjunction with the exhaust gas measurement component. Before the measurement work (i.e., after the high-pressure injection component completes the liquid hydrocarbon injection), the high-pressure injection component 4 and the gap maker 6 are withdrawn from the forming holes. The rock column drilled from the forming holes is manually put back into each forming hole and fully compacted by an external hydraulic press to fully expel the gas. Then, the amount of gas produced is measured.

[0036] Example 8: As attached Figure 2 As shown, a pressure boosting valve 21 is installed on the measuring tank 2, and a temperature controller is installed inside the measuring tank 2. The temperature inside the measuring tank 2 is controlled by the temperature controller during heating, resulting in higher temperature control accuracy.

[0037] The above technical features constitute the embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Unnecessary technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the amount of liquid hydrocarbons generated from source rocks that have not been discharged, characterized in that... It includes a housing, a measuring tank, a gap-forming drive mechanism, several high-pressure injection components, an exhaust measuring component, and a gap-forming device. The measuring tank is located inside the housing and contains a sample block of source rock. Multiple forming holes are evenly distributed in the sample block of source rock. The gap-forming drive mechanism can drive the gap-forming device to extend into the forming hole and break the inner wall of the forming hole to create a gap. The high-pressure injection components can deliver liquid hydrocarbons from the forming hole to the pores under high pressure. The exhaust measuring component is used to collect and measure the amount of gas produced.

2. The apparatus for measuring the amount of liquid hydrocarbons generated from source rocks that have not been discharged, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The gap-forming drive mechanism includes an upper end seat, a guide column, a drive cylinder, a pressure plate, and an outer plastic ring. An upper end seat is fixed on the machine chamber above the measuring tank. A drive cylinder is installed on the upper side of the upper end seat. The extended end of the drive cylinder is connected to a guide column. The lower end of the guide column passes through the upper end seat and is fixedly installed on the pressure plate. An outer plastic ring is fixed to the outside of the lower side of the pressure plate by a support rod. The outer plastic ring is fitted on the outside of the source rock sample block. Several gap-forming devices are installed near the middle of the lower side of the pressure plate.

3. The apparatus for measuring the amount of liquid hydrocarbons generated from source rocks that have not been discharged, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... The gap-forming device includes a shaft frame, a drive motor, a support spring, an upper expansion frame, and a lower expansion frame. The shaft frame is installed on the lower side of the pressure plate, and a shaft rod is rotatably connected inside the shaft frame. The drive motor is installed on the upper side of the shaft frame and is connected to the shaft rod in a transmission manner. The upper expansion frame and the lower expansion frame are provided at intervals on the lower outer side of the shaft rod. The upper expansion frame and the lower expansion frame can contact and expand the pressure on the inner wall of the forming hole of the source rock sample block.

4. The apparatus for measuring the amount of liquid hydrocarbons generated from source rocks that have not been discharged, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that... Several supporting springs 64 are distributed along the circumference between the upper and lower expansion frames.

5. The apparatus for measuring the amount of liquid hydrocarbons generated from unexpelled source rocks according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that... The upper and lower expansion frames have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed. The upper expansion frame includes a positioning plate, a pressure chamber, expansion plates, an annular piston, and wedges. The positioning plate is fixed on the shaft. Multiple expansion plates are slidably arranged on the circumference of the positioning plate. Wedges are installed on the inner side of the expansion plates. The inner side of the wedges is a slope with a lower inner side and a higher outer side. A pressure chamber is installed on the outer side of the shaft above the positioning plate. The shaft is a hollow tube with an opening on the upper side. An airflow pipe is connected to the upper end of the shaft. The shaft has a through hole that connects the inner and outer sides to the pressure chamber. An annular piston is installed inside the pressure chamber. A connecting pipe is installed at the lower end of the annular piston. The lower end of the connecting pipe passes through the upper part of the positioning plate and abuts against the inner side of the wedges.

6. The apparatus for measuring the amount of liquid hydrocarbons generated from unexposed source rocks according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that... The high-pressure injection assembly includes a telescopic guide cylinder, a liquid tank, an annular tank, and a pressure plug. The telescopic guide cylinder is located on the lower side of the measuring tank. The liquid tank is installed after the extended end of the telescopic guide cylinder passes through the measuring tank. A liquid inlet is provided on one side of the liquid tank. A turbine is rotatably installed inside the liquid tank. An annular tank is installed on the outside of the liquid tank and is connected to the liquid tank. Several through holes are provided along the circumference of the annular tank. Pressure plugs are provided at the upper and lower parts of the annular tank.

7. The apparatus for measuring the amount of liquid hydrocarbons generated from source rocks that have not been discharged, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that... The high-pressure injection assembly includes a telescopic guide cylinder, a liquid tank, an annular tank, and a pressure plug. The telescopic guide cylinder is located on the lower side of the measuring tank. The liquid tank is installed after the extended end of the telescopic guide cylinder passes through the measuring tank. A liquid inlet is provided on one side of the liquid tank. A turbine is rotatably installed inside the liquid tank. An annular tank is installed on the outside of the liquid tank and is connected to the liquid tank. Several through holes are provided along the circumference of the annular tank. Pressure plugs are provided at the upper and lower parts of the annular tank.

8. The apparatus for measuring the amount of liquid hydrocarbon gas generated from unexhausted source rock according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 7, characterized in that... The exhaust gas measuring assembly includes an annular cylinder and a metering tube. The annular cylinder is embedded inside the measuring tank. The annular cylinder has a double-layer cylindrical structure. The inner layer of the annular cylinder has several through-holes, and the outer layer of the annular cylinder is connected to the metering tube. Or / and, a pressure boosting valve is installed on the measuring tank, and a temperature controller is installed in the measuring tank.

9. The apparatus for measuring the amount of liquid hydrocarbons generated from source rocks that have not been discharged, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that... The exhaust gas measuring assembly includes an annular cylinder and a metering tube. The annular cylinder is embedded inside the measuring tank. The annular cylinder has a double-layer cylindrical structure. The inner layer of the annular cylinder has several through-holes, and the outer layer of the annular cylinder is connected to the metering tube. Or / and, a pressure boosting valve is installed on the measuring tank, and a temperature controller is installed in the measuring tank.

10. The apparatus for measuring the amount of liquid hydrocarbon gas generated from unexposed source rocks according to claim 6, characterized in that... The exhaust gas measuring assembly includes an annular cylinder and a metering tube. The annular cylinder is embedded inside the measuring tank. The annular cylinder has a double-layer cylindrical structure. The inner layer of the annular cylinder has several through-holes, and the outer layer of the annular cylinder is connected to the metering tube. Or / and, a pressure boosting valve is installed on the measuring tank, and a temperature controller is installed in the measuring tank.

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