Modular curvature generated flexible device multi-physics testing system and apparatus

Abstract

The application provides a kind of modular curvature generation flexible device multi-physics field test system and device, it is related to flexible device test technical field, including: for the task and constraint configuration module of uniform configuration and constraint setting before test starts, for loading the test parameter package matched with this test task, the test parameter package loading module, for establishing this test acquisition channel and setting uniform time reference, the channel establishment and synchronization calibration module, for calculating actual curvature estimation value and acceptance determination, the curvature estimation and determination module, for executing curvature rectification control module of deviation driving, for executing flexible device test and drift compensation in test process, the holding test and drift compensation module and for outputting the result output module of this test result.The application solves the technical problems of driving displacement and actual curvature deviation of flexible device, poor curvature-electricity data consistency and alignability in extreme environment.

Description

A multiphysics testing system and apparatus for modular curvature generation of flexible devices Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flexible device testing technology, and in particular to a multiphysics testing system and apparatus for flexible devices with modular curvature generation. Background Technology

[0002] Flexible electronics and devices, due to their bendability and adaptability, are widely used in wearable sensing, flexible displays, flexible energy devices, and smart materials. To characterize the electrical response and reliability of flexible devices under different deformation conditions, existing electromechanical performance testing methods for flexible electronics and devices typically follow a general technical approach: applying controlled bending deformation to the flexible device using a clamp or bending mechanism to create different bending positions and curvatures; simultaneously collecting and recording the electrical parameters (such as resistivity changes) of the flexible device during bending; and statistically analyzing the bending fatigue life of the flexible device through cyclic bending loading when necessary. The core of this method lies in the coordination between the deformation loading mechanism and the electrical data acquisition unit, thereby achieving electrical performance characterization and lifespan assessment under different bending states.

[0003] For example, Chinese invention patent CN109239580B discloses a flexible electronic electromechanical performance testing device. A first slide is laterally slidably mounted on a base and driven to slide back and forth by a first driving component. A second slide is longitudinally slidably mounted on a column and driven to slide up and down by a second driving component. The first and second slides are respectively mounted on the second slide and the support plate. Its advantage lies in the fact that the first slide can move up and down and back and forth relative to the second slide. Through the back-and-forth movement of the first slide relative to the second slide, the bending curvature of the flexible electronic device can be precisely adjusted. Through the upward movement of the first slide relative to the second slide, bending of the flexible electronic device at different positions can be achieved, thereby enabling the testing of resistivity and bending fatigue life of the flexible electronic device at different positions and with different bending curvatures.

[0004] Applying the above method to curvature testing requires the testing system to maintain a stable correspondence between the set mechanical motion / displacement and the actual bending state (actual curvature) of the flexible device over a long period of time. As long as this correspondence is stable, electrical readings under the same set curvature are more likely to be comparable; similarly, life statistics are also more likely to be reproducible during cyclic bending.

[0005] As flexible devices increasingly move towards more complex applications, testing needs to expand from room temperature and pressure to extreme environments such as low temperatures, vacuum, and strong magnetic fields. For example, low-temperature property studies and low-temperature sensing applications require obtaining realistic electrical responses at low temperatures; vacuum packaging and cavity processes require verifying the stability of flexible devices under vacuum conditions; and strong magnetic field platforms involve measurements of magnetoelectric effects, magnetoresistive responses, or magnetic fields. In these scenarios, simply using room temperature and pressure test results to replace conclusions from extreme environments often fails to accurately reflect the true performance boundaries of flexible devices under target operating conditions. However, when the testing environment shifts from ambient temperature and pressure to low temperature / vacuum / strong magnetic field, the previously established chain of displacement-actual curvature-electrical readings is prone to change. For example, the thermal contraction behavior of the flexible device material and the fixture / support structure differs under low temperature conditions, potentially altering the clamping state and load transfer, causing the actual curvature of the flexible device to shift for the same driving displacement. Under vacuum conditions, heat dissipation and interface state changes may make the bending state more prone to slow changes during the holding phase, thus making the correspondence between electrical data and curvature less stable than at ambient temperature. Under strong magnetic field conditions, magnetic interference may occur in the electrical measurement chain and the response of the flexible device. Without more rigorous process organization and data correlation, measurement fluctuations can easily increase, making the reproduction of the curvature-electrical relationship more difficult. These phenomena do not necessarily occur in every test, but once they do, they directly manifest in unstable curvature correspondence, decreased data consistency, and poorer result reproducibility, thereby affecting the evaluation of the true performance of the flexible device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a multiphysics testing system and apparatus for flexible devices with modular curvature generation, which solves the technical problems of poor consistency and alignment between driven displacement and actual curvature of flexible devices under extreme environments, as well as the problems of poor consistency and alignment of curvature-electrical data.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0008] This invention provides a multiphysics testing system for flexible devices with modular curvature generation. The system includes:

[0009] The task and constraint configuration module is used to set the test tasks and control constraints for this flexible device. The test tasks include at least the target curvature setting and the holding time of each target curvature point.

[0010] The test parameter package loading module is used to acquire the basic data of the flexible device under test and load the corresponding test parameter package accordingly.

[0011] The channel establishment and synchronization calibration module is used to establish a synchronous acquisition channel and complete zero-point calibration to solidify the zero-point deviation parameters, establish a drive actuator drive channel and initialize the drive parameters according to the test parameter package, establish a multi-physics field measurement channel and establish a unified time reference.

[0012] The curvature estimation and judgment module is used to synchronously collect displacement and strain data in each control cycle and perform zero-point correction, calculate the actual curvature estimate, calculate the curvature deviation, and generate the acceptance judgment result.

[0013] The curvature correction control module is used to generate and issue drive commands to the drive actuator to perform curvature correction based on the curvature deviation when the acceptance judgment result is unqualified. The drive curvature estimation and judgment module runs iteratively with this module. When the acceptance judgment result is qualified, it enters the curvature holding stage according to the holding time of the corresponding target curvature point.

[0014] The curvature holding test and drift compensation module is used to execute the multiphysics test process during the curvature holding phase, and simultaneously continue to acquire the actual curvature estimate and perform drift judgment according to the control cycle, and trigger instant compensation when drift occurs.

[0015] The results output module is used to align the associated test data set based on a unified time reference and output the multiphysics test results of the flexible device.

[0016] This application embodiment also provides a multiphysics testing device for flexible devices with modular curvature generation. This device is applied to a multiphysics testing system for flexible devices with modular curvature generation. The device includes:

[0017] The clamping unit is a clamp that can move horizontally to achieve horizontal tensioning of flexible devices. Each clamping unit is connected to a corresponding lifting mechanism.

[0018] The lifting mechanism can move up and down in the vertical direction to adjust the vertical height of the flexible device;

[0019] The central support unit includes a lifting support component that can move vertically, used to vertically load or support the central part of the flexible device during testing, thereby generating and maintaining different curvature states of the flexible device.

[0020] The drive actuator includes a drive actuator connected to the clamping unit and the central support unit, used to control the horizontal movement of the clamping unit, the vertical movement of the lifting mechanism, and the lifting action of the central support unit, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the curvature of the flexible device.

[0021] The multi-point sensing and measurement module includes displacement sensors, strain sensors, and microelectromechanical sensors respectively installed in the clamping unit and the central support unit, which are used to collect displacement, strain, and other physical quantity information of the flexible device under different curvature states in real time.

[0022] The data acquisition input interface is used to connect to the data acquisition device to achieve synchronous data acquisition during multiphysics field testing.

[0023] The control and data processing unit is used to coordinate the actions of various actuators, collect and process multi-channel sensor data, and realize curvature generation, closed-loop adjustment, drift determination and multi-physics test result output.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0025] 1. This invention provides a modular curvature generation multiphysics field testing system for flexible devices, capable of performing full-process, high-precision, and automated testing of the mechanical and multiphysics field performance of flexible electronics and flexible devices under extreme environments (such as low temperature, vacuum, and strong magnetic fields). Through modularly configured clamping, loading, and sensing structures, it achieves compatibility and efficient switching between flexible devices of different sizes and types. Employing closed-loop adjustment based on real-time curvature feedback and multi-channel synchronous acquisition, it ensures high stability and traceability of the actual deformation state of the flexible device at each target curvature point, avoiding curvature drift caused by material thermal expansion and contraction, mechanical loosening, or external environmental disturbances. Through correction and drift compensation processes, it can automatically correct the curvature offset of the flexible device during testing and mark the corresponding data, improving the reliability and reproducibility of multiphysics field test data, and enhancing the efficiency and consistency of acquiring complex deformation states and multiphysics responses under extreme environments.

[0026] 2. This invention generates and sends drive commands to the actuator to perform curvature correction based on curvature deviation when the acceptance judgment result is unqualified. This allows for real-time identification of the deviation between the actual curvature and the target curvature of the flexible device during testing, and automatically generates corresponding drive commands based on the direction and magnitude of the deviation, sending them to the actuator for curvature correction. This avoids the problems of low adjustment efficiency, over-adjustment, or under-adjustment caused by relying on repeated manual adjustments or fixed step-size corrections, providing clear feedback and convergence path for the curvature adjustment process. By iteratively updating the actual curvature estimate and re-judging the acceptance result, the actual curvature of the flexible device can be stably pulled back to the allowable deviation range within a limited number of iterations, thereby shortening the curvature arrival time and improving the success rate of reaching the target curvature point. This correction mechanism can reduce the initial curvature deviation caused by environmental disturbances, actuator nonlinearity, or material response differences during the curvature loading stage, providing stable and controllable mechanical boundary conditions for subsequent curvature maintenance and multiphysics field testing, thereby improving the consistency of curvature conditions and the repeatability of test results between different test batches.

[0027] 3. This invention, by triggering instant compensation upon occurrence of drift, enables automatic detection and dynamic correction of actual curvature deviations during multiphysics testing. When the actual curvature of the flexible device deviates from the target allowable range, data acquisition is immediately paused, and a compensation drive command for the current deviation is automatically generated. The drive actuator is quickly adjusted to restore the curvature to the target range. This process improves the curvature stability of the flexible device during the holding phase, ensures the consistency of the acquired data with the set operating conditions throughout the entire cycle, and reduces test errors and experimental repeatability caused by curvature drift. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 is a framework diagram of a modular curvature generation flexible device multiphysics field testing system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is a flowchart of the curvature generation-acceptance-correction closed-loop process provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is a flowchart of the retention test and drift compensation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the main mechanical structure of the multiphysics field testing device for flexible devices generated by modular curvature.

[0032] Figure 5 shows a diagram of a single-point loading type multiphysics field testing device.

[0033] Reference numerals: 1. Clamping unit; 2. Lifting mechanism; 3. Central support unit; 4. Flexible device; 5. Device base; 6. Electrode connection point; 7. Fixed area of ​​the flexible device under test; 8. Precession mechanism; 9. Transmission test path. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the following description, references to "some embodiments" refer to a subset of all possible embodiments. It is understood that "some embodiments" may be the same or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict. This invention provides a modular curvature generation multiphysics testing system and apparatus for flexible devices. Figure 1 shows a framework diagram of a modular curvature generation multiphysics testing system for flexible devices, including: a task and constraint configuration module, a test parameter loading module, a channel establishment and synchronization calibration module, a curvature estimation and determination module, a correction control module, a holding test and drift compensation module, and a result output module.

[0036] In Embodiment 1 of this invention, piezoelectric ceramics are used as the driving actuator to perform multiphysics field testing on a flexible device 4. Piezoelectric ceramics achieve displacement output based on the piezoelectric effect. Their driving process does not rely on mechanical transmission structures such as gears or lead screws, and they feature fast response speed, high displacement resolution, and good output stability. This enables precise control of the curvature of the flexible device 4 even in scenarios involving minute displacement adjustments. Furthermore, piezoelectric ceramics have a compact structure and stable material properties. In extreme testing environments such as low temperatures, vacuum, and strong magnetic fields, they are less prone to introducing additional magnetic disturbances or mechanical wear factors. This helps maintain consistency between driving behavior and control commands under complex environmental conditions, thus providing a solid foundation for the stable maintenance of the actual curvature state of the flexible device 4 and the reliable acquisition of multiphysics field test data.

[0037] As shown in Figure 2, the curvature generation-acceptance-correction closed-loop flowchart begins with the task and constraint configuration module setting the test task and control constraints. This is followed by the test parameter loading module, which loads test parameter packages matching the flexible device under test (DUT) 4 and the drive actuator. After parameter preparation, the channel establishment and synchronization calibration module establishes the acquisition and drive channels and performs zero-point calibration. Then, the curvature estimation and judgment module proceeds. In this module, the acquired data is processed to obtain the actual curvature estimate, which is compared with the target curvature to determine if the curvature deviation is within the allowable range. If yes, the current control cycle passes acceptance and enters the curvature holding phase. If no, the correction control module generates and issues drive commands to execute curvature correction, updates the actual curvature estimate, and returns to the curvature estimation and judgment module for verification. This correction-judgment process is executed iteratively until acceptance is passed or the preset maximum number of iterations is reached. If the maximum number of iterations is reached and the process is still not successful, the current correction process terminates. This process achieves stable convergence of the curvature of the flexible device from its initial state to meet the target requirements through closed-loop judgment and iterative correction.

[0038] The task and constraint configuration module is used to uniformly configure various parameters related to the test task before the test begins. Based on the design parameters of the flexible device under test 4, the industry standards of the application field, and the functional requirements of the target application, this module generates the target curvature sequence and the holding time of each curvature point required for this test through a systematic parameter input, standard library retrieval, and automated suggestion mechanism.

[0039] Specifically, the system first reads the basic geometric parameters and material properties of the flexible device 4, and then, in conjunction with user-inputted or automatically imported application requirements, compares them with a preset standard test case library. It then automatically pushes or suggests curvature sequences covering all key curvature ranges and matches a recommended minimum holding time for each target curvature point. Specifically, it first retrieves the design parameters of the flexible device 4 (such as length, width, thickness, allowable strain limit, etc.) and, in conjunction with the standard test case library or historical test database, compares them with the actual physical conditions corresponding to each curvature point (such as maximum allowable strain, material fatigue life, etc.). After determining the target curvature sequence, it queries historical test records of similar curvatures or materials in the database, analyzes the known minimum effective holding time under relevant conditions (such as the shortest observation period to reach stress-strain stability or the response of a specific physical quantity), and uses this as the recommended minimum holding time. All parameters are validated for compliance based on industry standards and historical data, and their compatibility with the safety limits of the test sample is determined. This prevents parameters from exceeding limits or being set unreasonably during operation. The specific determination process is as follows: After parameter settings are completed, all input or recommended curvature points and strain points are automatically compared with the material database (including ultimate strain, ultimate curvature, fracture threshold, etc.). If any target parameter exceeds the limit that the sample can withstand, it is determined that the sample safety limits are not compatible, an error message is displayed on the interface, and the setting is rejected. For example, if the strain corresponding to a certain curvature point exceeds the yield strength of the material, an automatic alarm is triggered and a reset is required.

[0040] Regarding the setting of the allowable deviation range for curvature control, the system automatically calculates the recommended curvature deviation threshold by combining the structural strength data of the flexible device 4, sensor accuracy, and test standard requirements. Specifically, it automatically retrieves the structural strength data of the flexible device 4 (such as the maximum allowable surface strain and structural ultimate load) and the measurement accuracy of the sensor used (minimum resolvable curvature change). Based on the corresponding industry or application test standards, the system retrieves the explicit regulations on "curvature maintenance accuracy" or "curvature fluctuation tolerance." For example, some standards require that "the target curvature fluctuation is not greater than ±2%." The system automatically selects the minimum value among 2-3 times the sensor accuracy, 80-90% of the material safety tolerance, and the upper limit specified in the industry standard as the recommended curvature deviation threshold for this test. For example, the material can withstand ±0.1m... -1 The sensor accuracy is 0.005m. -1 The standard requires ±2%. The final recommended curvature deviation threshold is 0.01m. -1 .

[0041] For safety constraint parameters such as strain amplitude, strain change rate, and curvature change rate, the maximum allowable parameters are automatically limited by querying the material property database, and the configuration interface provides dynamic prompts and restricts illegal inputs, thereby achieving parameter standardization, datafication, and traceability configuration throughout the entire process.

[0042] Based on the geometric dimensions of the flexible device under test 4 (such as length, width, and thickness, pre-input by the operator), the target curvature range (determined based on the target curvature sequence), and the test environment conditions (such as temperature, pressure, and magnetic field, pre-input by the operator), combined with the currently configured drive actuator type, the above information is used as a joint query key. Using this query key as an index, a parameter package suitable for this test task is automatically retrieved from the preset test parameter package database. The test parameter package includes the following: the applicable curvature range that the current device can achieve (minimum and maximum loadable curvature values), the limits and constraints of the equipment's mechanical parts (such as the maximum stroke of clamping unit 1, support gap, and overload protection threshold); and the range of initial drive parameters for the current drive actuator (such as the drive voltage range of piezoelectric ceramics). After loading the parameter package, the above parameters are written into the curvature adjustment control flow to achieve automated curvature adjustment in subsequent testing processes.

[0043] Multiple signal acquisition and control channels are established to achieve real-time synchronous acquisition and drive signal control of various physical quantities of the flexible device 4. Specifically, a laser displacement sensor acquisition channel is established to acquire displacement signals of the flexible device 4, obtaining real-time displacement data of the flexible device 4 during loading or deformation: multi-point displacement sensors are installed on the clamping unit 1 and the central support unit 3 respectively, and the signal output terminal of each sensor is connected to the data acquisition input interface of the device through a standard signal cable to establish a displacement signal acquisition channel. The sampling frequency and initial calibration parameters of each channel are configured to achieve real-time acquisition of displacement signals of the flexible device 4 at different loading points.

[0044] The sampling frequency and initial calibration parameters for each channel were set and configured by experts in the field based on various historical data and experience. The parameter configuration methods for each channel are the same, so they will not be repeated here.

[0045] A strain sensor acquisition channel is established to collect strain signals and obtain strain data of the flexible device 4 under different curvature states. Strain sensors are placed at key stress-bearing locations on the flexible device 4, and their outputs are connected to the data acquisition input interface via a bridge or differential amplification method to establish a strain signal acquisition channel. Parameters such as channel amplification gain and zero-point compensation are configured to synchronously acquire strain responses from different locations, achieving high-precision measurement of multi-point strain data.

[0046] A microelectromechanical sensor (MEMS) acquisition channel is established to acquire signals from MEMS sensors located at different positions on the flexible device 4, enabling coordinated acquisition of multi-point displacement, strain, and additional physical quantities. This is achieved by arranging MEMS sensors at the clamping unit 1 and the central support unit 3, and connecting these multiple MEMS sensors in parallel to the data acquisition input interface using a bus-type interface (such as I2C or SPI), thus establishing a synchronous acquisition channel for the MEMS sensors. By configuring address encoding and a synchronization clock, the signals from each MEMS sensor are ensured to be acquired under the same time reference.

[0047] A drive channel is established for the drive actuator (preferably piezoelectric ceramic in this example) to send drive signals to the actuator, enabling real-time motion control of the clamping structure, support structure, and drive actuator. This channel can output adjustment commands according to test procedure requirements and supports functions such as fine adjustment, correction, and compensation. The drive actuator drive channel is established by physically connecting the control input port of the drive actuator (such as piezoelectric ceramic or motor) to the signal output terminal of the control and data processing unit. The signal type (such as analog voltage, digital pulse, PWM, etc.) and output parameters are configured to achieve real-time and precise control of the horizontal movement of clamping unit 1, the vertical movement of lifting mechanism 2, and the lifting action of the central support unit 3.

[0048] Establish multi-physics field physical quantity measurement channels to collect test data of various physical quantities such as electrical, magnetic, thermal, and optical quantities. The measurement channels should include at least an electrical parameter acquisition channel (e.g., resistivity, conductivity), and optionally include magnetic parameter acquisition channels (e.g., magnetic field response, magnetoresistance), thermal parameter acquisition channels (e.g., device surface temperature, temperature rise rate), and optical parameter acquisition channels (e.g., transmittance, reflectivity). These channels can be flexibly configured according to actual testing needs to achieve real-time measurement of multi-physics field responses. The signal output terminals of various physical quantity sensors (e.g., electrical, magnetic, thermal, optical) are sequentially connected to the data acquisition input interface to establish multi-physics field physical quantity acquisition channels. Channel parameters are set according to the technical specifications of different sensors to achieve parallel and synchronous measurement of multiple physical quantities such as resistivity, magnetic field response, and optical changes.

[0049] A unified clock source is configured within the control and data processing unit to allocate the same time base to all data acquisition channels and drive signal channels. All channel acquisition and drive operations are accompanied by a unified timestamp.

[0050] Before the test officially begins, the flexible device 4 is placed directly in a flat initial state without external force loading, which serves as the starting point for this round of testing.

[0051] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the flexible device 4 is assumed to be reliably in a flat state without external force loading.

[0052] After clamping, the output signals of all measurement channels under the current state are acquired through the displacement acquisition channel, strain acquisition channel, and multiphysics field acquisition channel. The acquired raw output values ​​are compared with the theoretical zero-point reference value. For the displacement channel, the displacement difference between the actual height of the clamping end and the middle support end and the mechanical reference plane is obtained. For the strain channel, the initial output under no external force loading is compared with the theoretical zero strain value. For the multiphysics field channels, such as electrical, magnetic, thermal, and optical, the electrical, magnetic, thermal, or optical parameters under no-load conditions are acquired respectively. The initial output of all the above channels is subtracted from the corresponding theoretical zero-point value to obtain the zero-point deviation parameter.

[0053] The zero-point deviation parameters of each channel are entered into the parameter configuration area, and the write and solidify storage instructions are executed to ensure that the parameters are valid for a long period of time during this round of testing. After completing the above zero-point calibration, the piezoelectric ceramic actuator is further calibrated within a range. First, according to the preset voltage step or digital pulse step, starting from the lowest driving point, the driving signal is gradually increased, pausing for a preset fixed time after each increase to wait for the mechanical response to fully stabilize. The corresponding displacement and strain outputs are collected at each step to continuously obtain a set of raw data of driving signal-actual displacement. Subsequently, the obtained dataset is fitted using least squares linear fitting or polynomial curve fitting software (preferably Matlab or Python) to obtain the voltage-displacement (or step-displacement) mapping function of the actuator under the current operating conditions. If this process is carried out in multiple temperature ranges, the above steps need to be repeated independently in each temperature environment to form a multi-range calibration function library.

[0054] To address the hysteresis characteristics of piezoelectric ceramic actuators, the calibration process requires data acquisition in both increasing and decreasing order of the drive signal. Specifically, the drive signal is increased incrementally from low to high in a preset step size, acquiring one displacement response data point at a time. Then, in the decreasing phase, the drive signal is decreased incrementally from high to low in a preset step size, again acquiring the corresponding displacement response at each step. This allows obtaining different outputs for the same target displacement under forward and reverse drive conditions. These two sets of data are then input into hysteresis analysis software (Matlab (including custom hysteresis analysis scripts) or Python (such as scikit-learn combined with hysteresis, PyHysteresis, and other professional hysteresis analysis libraries) to fit hysteresis curves under forward and reverse drive conditions. A hysteresis compensation lookup table containing drive direction information is established using the target displacement as the search key. During actual testing, the system automatically retrieves the corresponding compensation value from the lookup table based on the current drive signal change direction (increasing or decreasing) and historical states, dynamically adjusting the drive step size to ensure the target displacement is always achieved with high precision.

[0055] After completing all calibration, standardization, and compensation steps, all obtained zero-point deviations, drive-output mapping coefficients, and hysteresis compensation tables are stored in the system parameter database through the user interface or script commands.

[0056] The data acquisition unit synchronously acquires real-time displacement signals from displacement sensors located at different measuring points (including both ends and the middle) of the flexible device, and simultaneously acquires real-time strain signals from each strain sensor. After acquisition, the raw displacement data of each measuring point is subtracted from the pre-fixed zero-point deviation parameter to obtain the calibrated effective displacement value. Similarly, the raw output of each strain acquisition channel is corrected with its corresponding zero-point deviation parameter to obtain the calibrated effective strain value.

[0057] Based on the known sensor arrangement distance, the spacing between each measuring point is calculated, typically including the actual distance between the two clamping measuring points. The calibrated displacement value of the middle measuring point is subtracted from the calibrated displacement values ​​of the two end measuring points, and the absolute value is taken to obtain the maximum deflection of the middle relative to the two ends. Using this deflection and the distance between the two end measuring points as input, the actual curvature estimate of the current flexible device 4 is derived using common flexible beam bending theories such as the three-point method or parabolic approximation. In this example, the three-point method is preferred. Specifically: if the distance between the two ends is L, the maximum deflection in the middle is w, and the actual curvature estimate is k, the formula can be used: .

[0058] Subtracting the target curvature from the estimated actual curvature yields the curvature deviation. If the curvature deviation is within the set allowable curvature deviation range, it indicates that the difference between the actual curvature and the target curvature of the flexible device 4 is within the acceptable level required by the process or testing scheme. The deformation state of the flexible device 4 within the current control cycle meets the accuracy requirements of subsequent multiphysics field testing or data acquisition. Therefore, the curvature acceptance judgment result for the current control cycle is recorded as acceptable. If the curvature deviation is outside the set allowable curvature deviation range, it indicates that there is an error exceeding the allowable range between the actual curvature and the set target curvature of the flexible device 4, causing the current test state to fail to meet the accuracy requirements of subsequent operating conditions. In this case, the curvature acceptance judgment result for the current control cycle is recorded as unacceptable.

[0059] Based on the type of drive actuator used in the current actual device, the strategy number matching the actuator type is automatically obtained by consulting the actuator-strategy number correspondence table. This strategy number not only indicates the core parameters required for correction adjustment, but also includes the parameter configuration for drift compensation, thereby achieving differentiated drive strategy matching for different drive actuators (such as piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric motors, electric motors, etc.).

[0060] Based on the strategy number, the corresponding strategy number is determined from the actuator-strategy number table, and the correction strategy is determined accordingly, denoted as the target correction strategy. In this example, the correction strategy is the correction strategy for piezoelectric ceramics, and its driving object is the driving voltage determined based on the voltage-displacement characteristics of the piezoelectric ceramic actuator.

[0061] It should be noted that piezoelectric ceramics operate based on the piezoelectric effect. Their core principle is that when an external voltage is applied to the ceramic material, the internal crystal lattice structure undergoes microscopic deformation, resulting in a controllable mechanical displacement of the ceramic body on a macroscopic scale. Therefore, the direct controllable quantity for driving the displacement or deformation of piezoelectric ceramics is the driving voltage applied across the ceramic. By precisely adjusting the amplitude of the driving voltage, high-resolution continuous adjustment of the ceramic displacement can be achieved. This adjustment method offers fast response speed and high positioning accuracy, making it suitable for micro-deformation control and high-precision closed-loop systems.

[0062] Using curvature deviation as the query key, the drive command for adjusting the required driving voltage amplitude for this correction adjustment is retrieved from the target correction strategy. Specifically, when the curvature deviation is less than zero, it indicates that the current actual curvature is lower than the target curvature. In this case, a drive command with a positive driving voltage adjustment amplitude should be extracted to increase the driving voltage and bring it closer to the target curvature. When the curvature deviation is greater than zero, it indicates that the current actual curvature is higher than the target curvature. In this case, a drive command with a negative driving voltage adjustment amplitude should be extracted to decrease the driving voltage and reduce the curvature so that the actual curvature returns to the target value.

[0063] The drive command is sent to the piezoelectric ceramic, and the new drive voltage obtained by adding the current drive voltage to the drive voltage adjustment range is used as the execution drive voltage. This completes one curvature correction. After completing one curvature correction, the system re-enters the curvature estimation and judgment module, updates the actual curvature estimate, and generates a new acceptance judgment result. If the new acceptance judgment result is still unqualified, the above drive command generation and issuance correction control process is repeated, continuously iterating and updating the acceptance iteration counter synchronously, until the current acceptance judgment result is qualified or the preset maximum number of iterations is reached.

[0064] To prevent the curvature correction process from entering a prolonged ineffective loop due to abnormal operating conditions, hardware failures, or drive failures under extreme conditions, a maximum allowed number of iterations is set as the termination criterion for the correction process. The maximum allowed number of iterations refers to the maximum number of consecutive cycles allowed to be executed for correction adjustment and acceptance judgment during a single adjustment process at the same target curvature point. When the number of correction iterations reaches this upper limit, if the curvature still does not enter the allowable deviation range, the current loop will automatically terminate, recorded as an adjustment failure, and may trigger an alarm, enter safety protection, or automatically skip the target point to proceed to the next test process, ensuring system safety, test efficiency, and equipment reliability. The specific value of this maximum allowed number of iterations can be preset by the operator in the test parameter setting interface before testing, based on factors such as the complexity of the test task, the response characteristics of the flexible device, actuator accuracy, and process safety boundaries, or a recommended default value (such as 10 times, 20 times, etc.) can be formed based on historical test data and engineering experience. It can also be dynamically adjusted as needed during the test. The iteration counter will be automatically initialized at the beginning of each round of correction, and the count will be updated in real time after each correction adjustment until the set upper limit is reached or the condition is deemed acceptable, thereby achieving full constraint on the correction process and control over abnormal processes.

[0065] It should be noted that the preset methods for various critical conditions and determination time in this example are the same as the preset method for the maximum allowed number of iterations, so they will not be repeated here.

[0066] When the acceptance judgment result of the current target curvature point is deemed qualified, the acceptance monitoring process is immediately initiated, using the preset target curvature point holding time as the monitoring cycle. Within this monitoring cycle, the actual curvature value is continuously collected and calculated according to the set control cycle, and the curvature deviation is constantly assessed to ensure it remains within the preset allowable curvature deviation range. If the actual curvature deviation does not exceed the limit during the entire holding time, the flexible device 4 is considered to have reached a stable curvature state, automatically entering the curvature holding stage, officially locking the current curvature, and proceeding to the subsequent multiphysics field testing process. Conversely, if the curvature deviation exceeds the allowable range at any moment during the monitoring cycle, the system re-enters the correction and adjustment process until the condition of continuously qualified curvature deviation throughout the holding time is met, before proceeding to the subsequent testing stage. Through this process, it is effectively ensured that the flexible device 4 maintains the target curvature state during subsequent multiphysics field data acquisition, improving the reliability and consistency of the test data.

[0067] As shown in Figure 3, the curvature holding test and drift compensation flowchart begins after entering the curvature holding stage. The holding test and drift compensation module takes over control and performs multiphysics test data acquisition on the flexible device 4 according to the predetermined sampling plan. During the acquisition process, the actual curvature estimate is continuously calculated, and it is determined whether the curvature deviation exceeds the allowable curvature deviation correction range. When the curvature deviation does not exceed the limit, multiphysics data acquisition continues, and the acquisition time is repeatedly checked until the set acquisition time is reached. Then, the test results for the current target curvature point are archived, and a complete result report is generated in the result output module. If the curvature deviation exceeds the correction range at any time during the acquisition process, multiphysics data acquisition is immediately paused, the corresponding drift compensation drive command is extracted and drift compensation is executed, and multiphysics acquisition resumes after the curvature returns to the allowable range, continuing subsequent data acquisition and judgment.

[0068] After entering the curvature holding phase, all preset multiphysics measurement channels are activated. Based on the test parameter package, the sampling frequency, sampling window, and data acquisition duration are set for each measurement channel. Using a unified time base, each channel is synchronously scheduled to ensure consistent timestamps for the acquired physical quantity data, achieving precise alignment across channels. During the holding phase, electrical, magnetic, thermal, and optical multiphysics test data of the flexible device 4 are acquired periodically according to the sampling plan. Each acquired data is marked with the acquisition time and the corresponding actual curvature estimate for subsequent analysis. During data acquisition, the actual curvature estimate is monitored in real time, and the curvature deviation is calculated. Simultaneously, the current value of the acceptance iteration counter is read as the record of the acceptance iteration count for this phase. Using the acceptance iteration count as the query key, the curvature allowable deviation correction coefficient is extracted from the iteration-deviation correction mapping table. This coefficient is then multiplied by the upper and lower limits of the curvature allowable deviation range to obtain the curvature allowable deviation correction range. In this example, the larger the number of acceptance iterations, the greater the fluctuation in the actual response of the flexible device 4 in the early stages, and the more stringent the test of system convergence. Therefore, the corresponding curvature allowable deviation correction coefficient should be larger to appropriately widen the curvature allowable deviation correction range within the current cycle. This method can prevent unnecessary repeated adjustments due to small fluctuations in extreme individual cycles while ensuring testing efficiency, thus balancing adjustment speed and curvature stability.

[0069] If a curvature deviation exceeding the correction range is detected at any time during the acquisition process, all multiphysics data acquisition is immediately paused, and the process switches to drift compensation. The corresponding drift compensation strategy is retrieved from the actuator-strategy number table according to the previously determined strategy number to determine the target drift compensation strategy. In this embodiment, the target drift compensation strategy is the drift compensation strategy of the piezoelectric ceramic actuator, and its driving object is the compensation driving voltage determined based on the voltage-displacement characteristics of the piezoelectric ceramic. Using the detected current curvature deviation as the query key, the corresponding compensation driving voltage adjustment range is retrieved from the target drift compensation strategy. Specifically, if the curvature deviation is less than zero, it indicates that the current actual curvature is lower than the target curvature. An instruction with a positive compensation driving voltage adjustment range should be extracted to increase the driving voltage and increase the curvature, bringing the actual curvature back to the target allowable range. If the curvature deviation is greater than zero, it indicates that the current actual curvature is higher than the target curvature. An instruction with a negative compensation driving voltage adjustment range should be extracted to decrease the driving voltage and reduce the curvature, bringing it back to the target curvature allowable deviation range. By dynamically adjusting the driving voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic actuator as described above, precise and real-time compensation of the four curvatures of the flexible device is achieved. After the compensation operation is completed, multiphysics data acquisition resumes, and the data during the compensation period and the normal stable period are distinguished and marked to ensure data quality and the scientific nature of subsequent analysis. Data acquisition continues until the set acquisition time ends, at which point the multiphysics measurement channel is automatically closed, and all data acquired during this hold phase is archived and stored as the test result for the target curvature point.

[0070] After completing all multiphysics field tests at the current target curvature point, the system automatically switches to the next target curvature point according to the test task requirements, repeating the above process of data acquisition, monitoring, drift compensation, and data archiving until all target curvature point test tasks are completed, thus achieving fully automated, highly consistent multiphysics curvature control and data acquisition.

[0071] For each target curvature point, the aligned multiphysics measurement data is statistically processed, outputting test data sequences and their statistical variation ranges (such as maximum, minimum, mean, and standard deviation) for each physical quantity (e.g., electrical, resistivity, magnetic response, optical properties). Key statistical information, including the number of curvature stability verification iterations and drift compensation iterations, is also generated. All data and statistical indicators are stored in a structure corresponding one-to-one with the target curvature point for easy traceability and analysis. Finally, the multiphysics measurement results and statistical information for all target curvature points are summarized. Following the test task and curvature conditions, the physical quantity test results, curvature deviation standard deviation, drift compensation, and correction process statistics for each target curvature point are summarized. This generates and outputs a complete result report for this flexible device 4-physics test, which can be output as an electronic document or structured data file as needed, serving as the official result archive for this round of flexible device 4-physics test, facilitating subsequent comparison and traceability.

[0072] Embodiment 1 of the present invention also provides a multiphysics testing device for flexible devices with modular curvature generation, including a clamping unit 1, which is a clamp that can move in the horizontal direction to achieve horizontal tensioning of the flexible device 4. Each clamping unit 1 is connected to a corresponding lifting mechanism.

[0073] The lifting mechanism 2 can move up and down in the vertical direction to adjust the vertical height of the flexible device 4.

[0074] The central support unit 3 includes a lifting support component that can move vertically, used to vertically load or support the central part of the flexible device 4 during the test, thereby generating and maintaining different curvature states of the flexible device 4.

[0075] The drive actuator includes a drive actuator connected to the clamping unit 1 and the central support unit 3, which is used to control the horizontal movement of the clamping unit 1, the vertical movement of the lifting mechanism 2 and the lifting action of the central support unit 3, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the curvature of the flexible device 4.

[0076] The multi-point sensing and measurement module includes a displacement sensor, a strain sensor, and a microelectromechanical sensor respectively installed in the clamping unit 1 and the central support unit 3, which are used to collect displacement, strain and other physical quantity information of the flexible device 4 in different curvature states in real time.

[0077] The data acquisition input interface is used to connect to the data acquisition device to achieve synchronous data acquisition during multiphysics field testing.

[0078] The control and data processing unit is used to coordinate the actions of various actuators, collect and process multi-channel sensor data, and realize curvature generation, closed-loop adjustment, drift determination and multi-physics test result output.

[0079] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the main mechanical structure of the modular curvature generation flexible device multiphysics field testing device. Clamping units 1 are located at both ends of the device and are horizontally movable clamps used to clamp and horizontally tension the flexible device 4 at both ends. Each clamping unit 1 is connected to a corresponding lifting mechanism 2. The lifting mechanism 2 is a vertically movable mechanism, located at both clamping units 1 and the middle support unit 3, respectively, used to adjust the height of either clamping unit 1 or the middle support unit 3 to adjust the vertical height of the flexible device or load the middle portion. The middle support unit 3 is located in the middle of the device and is used to vertically load or support the middle portion of the flexible device during testing, thereby generating and maintaining different curvature states. The flexible device 4 is the flexible device to be tested in this invention, spanning between the two clamping units 1, with the middle portion loaded or supported by the middle support unit 3 combined with the middle lifting mechanism 2, and is the test object of this testing device. The device base 5 provides a stable installation and support foundation for the entire testing structure, ensuring the structural stability of the device and the coordinated operation of all components.

[0080] In Embodiment Two of this invention, based on Embodiment One, the driving actuator can also be a piezoelectric motor. Piezoelectric motors are based on the micro-stepping driving principle of piezoelectric materials. They typically achieve micro-stepping or continuous displacement output by driving a friction structure through the periodic polarization and depolarization of the piezoelectric element. The biggest difference between piezoelectric motors and direct pushing displacement output by piezoelectric ceramics is that piezoelectric motors can achieve high-resolution stepping control over a large stroke range and usually have self-locking holding capability, maintaining a predetermined position without retraction after power failure. This makes them suitable for multiphysics field testing tasks that require maintaining a specific curvature state for extended periods.

[0081] Regarding test parameter configuration, the initial drive parameter range in the curvature module selection and parameter loading process should be adjusted according to the piezoelectric motor's performance indicators to include the piezoelectric motor's allowable step pulse count range, step frequency, drive voltage range, and other parameters. The test parameter package must include the actual displacement per step, pulse width, maximum allowable consecutive steps, and mechanical limit and self-locking thresholds compatible with the current motor model.

[0082] In the drive control and correction adjustment stages, the correction strategy is selected from the piezoelectric motor strategy library. During correction adjustment, the number of step pulses and direction adjustment commands are dynamically generated based on the magnitude and direction of the curvature deviation: if the curvature deviation is less than zero (actual curvature is lower than the target curvature), a positive step pulse is issued to increase the curvature; if the curvature deviation is greater than zero (actual curvature is higher than the target), a reverse step pulse is issued to decrease the curvature. The adjustment amplitude is automatically adjusted by the strategy library according to the preset step size: when the deviation is large, a larger step number is used for rapid convergence; when approaching the target, the single step size is reduced to avoid overshoot.

[0083] Furthermore, piezoelectric motors possess a natural self-locking capability during the curvature holding phase. Once in the curvature holding phase, without an active drive signal, the motor can automatically maintain its current position without continuous power supply, effectively reducing energy consumption and preventing curvature shift caused by external disturbances. When curvature drift is detected, a micro-step command is issued according to the drift compensation strategy to instantly compensate and return to the target curvature range. The specific compensation execution process, data acquisition and archiving, and report generation procedures are consistent with the piezoelectric ceramic embodiment.

[0084] In Embodiment 3 of this invention, based on Embodiment 1, the drive actuator can also be a motor drive structure, which can be a stepper motor, servo motor, DC motor, or other motor types suitable for precision displacement adjustment. The motor-driven actuator converts rotary motion into linear movement via a reduction mechanism (such as a lead screw, gear set, or belt), driving the clamping unit 1 and the central support unit 3 to control and adjust the curvature of the flexible device 4. Compared to piezoelectric drive methods, the motor solution is more suitable for testing scenarios with a larger stroke range, higher loading force requirements, or the need for continuous large-range deformation.

[0085] During the parameter configuration and loading process, the test parameter package must include, for each motor type, the motor's pulse equivalent (actual displacement per step), maximum allowable speed, start and end speeds, acceleration and deceleration curve parameters, and mechanical limits and protection zones. In the curvature correction and adjustment stage, the correction strategy library automatically switches to the motor-driven correction strategy. In actual control, based on the magnitude and direction of the curvature deviation, the number of motor rotation steps and direction adjustment commands are dynamically generated: if the curvature deviation is less than zero, and the actual curvature is lower than the target curvature, the motor is controlled to rotate forward, driving the clamping structure or support unit upward to increase the curvature; if the curvature deviation is greater than zero, it rotates in the opposite direction to reduce the curvature. The adjustment step size is automatically adapted by the strategy library; a larger step size is used when the deviation is large, and the single-step displacement is reduced when approaching the target to prevent overshoot.

[0086] During the curvature holding phase, motor-type actuators can apply position locking or maintain a small current to preserve the current position as needed, preventing curvature deviation caused by external disturbances or load retraction. If excessive curvature drift is detected, fine-tuning steps are issued according to the drift compensation strategy to compensate in a timely manner and restore the curvature to the target allowable range. The remaining procedures are consistent with the aforementioned embodiments.

[0087] Embodiment 4 of the present invention also provides a single-point loading type multiphysics field testing device as shown in Figure 5. It includes an electrode connection point 6 for introducing and acquiring electrical signals from the sample, a fixed area 7 for positioning and fixing the flexible device under test, a precession mechanism 8 for applying single-point mechanical loading to the flexible device, and a transmission test path 9 for transmitting test signals to external testing equipment. The precession mechanism 8 is located below or opposite the fixed area 7 of the flexible device under test. Through controllable precession in the vertical direction, it applies a vertical loading force to the flexible device fixed in the fixed area 7, thereby forming a controlled strain or deformation state in a single loading direction. The electrode connection point 6 is located adjacent to the fixed area 7 and is used for reliable connection to the electrode terminals of the flexible device to achieve the application of electrical excitation signals and real-time acquisition of electrical response signals. The transmission test path 9 is connected to the electrode connection point 6 and the external testing equipment to complete the stable transmission and synchronous acquisition of electrical signals or other physical quantity signals. With the above structural configuration, the single-point loading multiphysics test device described in this embodiment can realize the acquisition of multiphysics parameters of flexible devices under specific single-point loading conditions without introducing complex multi-point clamping and curvature generation structures. Compared with the modular curvature generation and closed-loop control system described in the main embodiment, the structure of this embodiment is simpler and can be used for basic performance testing or as a comparative reference device for complex curvature generation systems.

[0088] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0089] It should be understood that determining B based on A does not mean determining B solely based on A; it also means determining B based on A and / or other information.

[0090] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above embodiments can be implemented by hardware or by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk.

[0091] The above description is only an optional embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A multiphysics testing system for flexible devices with modular curvature generation, characterized in that, The system includes: a task and constraint configuration module for setting the test tasks and control constraints of the flexible device under test (DUT), wherein the test tasks include at least the setting of target curvature and the holding time of each target curvature point; a test parameter package loading module for acquiring the basic data of the DUT and loading the corresponding test parameter package; a channel establishment and synchronous calibration module for establishing a synchronous acquisition channel and performing zero-point calibration to solidify the zero-point deviation parameters, establishing a drive actuator channel and initializing the drive parameters according to the test parameter package, establishing a multi-physics field measurement channel and establishing a unified time reference; and a curvature estimation and determination module for synchronously acquiring displacement data and strain data and performing zero-point correction in each control cycle, calculating the actual curvature estimate, and calculating the curvature. The system generates an acceptance judgment result based on the curvature deviation. A curvature correction control module generates and sends a drive command to the actuator to perform curvature correction when the acceptance judgment result is unacceptable. This drives the curvature estimation and judgment module and this module to run iteratively. When the acceptance judgment result is acceptable, it enters the curvature holding phase based on the corresponding target curvature point holding time. A holding test and drift compensation module executes the multiphysics test process during the curvature holding phase and simultaneously continues to acquire the actual curvature estimate and perform drift judgment according to the control cycle, triggering immediate compensation when drift occurs. A result output module aligns the associated test data set based on the unified time reference and outputs the multiphysics test results of this flexible device.

2. The modular curvature generation multiphysics testing system for flexible devices as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The task and constraint configuration module is used to uniformly configure and constrain the curvature test targets and execution boundaries of the flexible device before the test begins. Specifically, it includes: setting the sequence of target curvatures that the flexible device under test needs to reach in sequence during this test, and setting a corresponding holding time for each target curvature; setting the allowable deviation range of curvature during the curvature control process to determine whether the curvature has reached the acceptance state; and limiting the safety constraint parameters that need to be met during the curvature generation and holding process. The safety constraint parameters include at least a strain amplitude threshold, a strain change rate threshold, and a curvature change rate upper limit, which are used to limit the level of mechanical stress borne by the flexible device during curvature adjustment and holding.

3. The modular curvature generation multiphysics testing system for flexible devices as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The test parameter package loading module specifically includes: based on the basic data of the flexible device under test, including geometric dimensions, target curvature range and test environment conditions, combined with the current drive actuator, using these as query keys, reading and loading the test parameter package, the test parameter package includes at least the applicable curvature range, mechanical limit and constraint conditions and drive initial parameter range of the current flexible device multiphysics field test device.

4. The modular curvature generation multiphysics testing system for flexible devices as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The channel establishment and synchronization calibration module includes: establishing a synchronous acquisition channel for microelectromechanical sensors, including a displacement sensor acquisition channel for acquiring displacement signals of flexible devices, a strain sensor acquisition channel for acquiring strain signals, and a microelectromechanical sensor synchronous acquisition channel for acquiring microelectromechanical sensor signals; establishing a drive actuator drive channel for sending drive signals to the actuator; establishing a measurement channel for measuring physical quantities of multiple physical fields, including at least one or more physical quantity acquisition channels of electrical, magnetic, thermal, and optical fields; and configuring the time reference of each of the above channels so that each channel can perform data acquisition and signal control with a unified time reference.

5. The modular curvature generation multiphysics testing system for flexible devices as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The channel establishment and synchronous calibration module further includes: before the test begins, placing the flexible device in a flat state without external force loading; in the flat state, acquiring the initial output signal of each channel through the displacement acquisition channel, strain acquisition channel, and multi-physics field measurement channel respectively; using the initial output signal acquired by each channel as the reference signal value of the corresponding channel, and comparing the reference signal value with the theoretical zero point value of the corresponding physical quantity to calculate the zero point deviation parameter of each acquisition channel; and writing the zero point deviation parameter into the parameter configuration area of ​​the test system and storing it.

6. The modular curvature generation multiphysics testing system for flexible devices as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The curvature estimation and determination module specifically includes: simultaneously acquiring real-time displacement data from displacement sensors arranged at various measuring points of the flexible device and real-time strain data from strain sensors in each control cycle; correcting the acquired displacement and strain data according to the corresponding fixed zero-point deviation parameters to obtain calibrated multi-point effective displacement and effective strain values; calculating the maximum deflection of the middle relative to the two ends by subtracting the displacement of the middle measuring point from the displacement of the two end measuring points based on the distance between the two end measuring points, and back-calculating the actual curvature estimate of the flexible device using the three-point method based on the actual distance between the two end measuring points; comparing the actual curvature estimate with the current target curvature to obtain the curvature deviation; if the curvature deviation is within the set allowable curvature deviation range, the curvature acceptance determination result of the current control cycle is recorded as acceptable; otherwise, the curvature acceptance determination result of the current control cycle is recorded as unacceptable.

7. The modular curvature generation multiphysics testing system for flexible devices as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The correction control module specifically includes: acquiring the current drive actuator, determining the corresponding strategy number from the actuator-strategy number table, and thus determining the correction strategy, denoted as the target correction strategy; the strategy number is a common number for both the correction strategy and the drift compensation strategy; generating drive instructions based on curvature deviation according to the target correction strategy, including determining the drive parameters and adjustment range required for this correction adjustment; issuing the drive instructions to the drive actuator to perform curvature correction; after completing one curvature correction, re-entering the curvature estimation and judgment module, updating the actual curvature estimate value, and generating a new acceptance judgment result based on this. If it still fails to meet the requirements, the above-mentioned process of generating and issuing drive instructions for correction control is repeated, continuously iterating and updating the acceptance iteration counter synchronously until the current acceptance judgment result is qualified or the preset maximum number of iterations is reached. When the acceptance judgment result is qualified, the timing duration corresponding to the acceptance judgment timer is obtained and recorded as the arrival time of the target curvature point. The holding time of the corresponding target curvature point is used as the monitoring duration. If the curvature deviation is within the curvature allowable deviation range within the monitoring duration, the curvature holding stage is automatically entered to maintain the current curvature state and proceed with the subsequent multiphysics test process.

8. The modular curvature generation multiphysics testing system for flexible devices as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The curvature holding test and drift compensation module specifically includes: after entering the curvature holding phase, activating the multiphysics measurement channels and setting a sampling plan for each measurement channel, including sampling frequency, sampling window, and acquisition duration; during the holding phase, periodically acquiring test data of each physical quantity according to a unified time reference and sampling plan, and marking the acquisition time and corresponding actual curvature estimate for each data point; continuously monitoring the actual curvature estimate during acquisition and calculating the corresponding curvature deviation; reading the acceptance iteration counter and recording it as the acceptance iteration number; analyzing the curvature allowable deviation correction range based on the acceptance iteration number and the curvature allowable deviation range; if the detected curvature deviation exceeds the set curvature allowable deviation correction range, pausing multiphysics data acquisition; and recording the drift compensation strategy determined based on strategy changes as the target drift compensation strategy. The compensation strategy extracts drift compensation drive commands from the target drift compensation strategy based on the current curvature deviation and sends them to the drive actuator to adjust the curvature of the flexible device to within the allowable deviation range of the target curvature. After drift compensation is completed, the multiphysics acquisition process resumes, and data is collected according to the set sampling plan. Data during the curvature stabilization period and the drift compensation period are marked to distinguish them. After the acquisition time ends, the multiphysics acquisition process for the current target curvature point is completed, the current multiphysics measurement channel is automatically closed, and all data collected during the holding phase is archived and stored as the test result for the target curvature point. According to the test task requirements, the system automatically switches to the next target curvature point and repeats the above steps until the test tasks for all target curvature points are completed.

9. The modular curvature generation multiphysics testing system for flexible devices as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The result output module specifically includes: aligning the test data sets acquired by each test channel based on a unified time reference, associating the test data of each physical quantity with the corresponding curvature estimate and sampling time; for each target curvature point, outputting the corresponding multiphysics measurement results, including the test data of each physical quantity and its variation range, and generating statistical information including at least the number of curvature stability verification iterations and drift compensation iterations; summarizing the multiphysics measurement results and statistical information of all test points, automatically generating and outputting a complete result report of this flexible device multiphysics test.

10. A modular curvature-generated flexible device multiphysics field testing apparatus, wherein the modular curvature-generated flexible device multiphysics field testing apparatus is used to implement the modular curvature-generated flexible device multiphysics field testing system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The device includes: a clamping unit, which is a clamp movable in the horizontal direction for horizontally tensioning the flexible device; each clamping unit is connected to a corresponding lifting mechanism; a lifting mechanism, which can move vertically to adjust the vertical height of the flexible device; a central support unit, including a lifting support member movable in the vertical direction for vertically loading or supporting the central part of the flexible device during testing, thereby generating and maintaining different curvature states of the flexible device; and a drive actuator, including a drive actuator connected to the clamping unit and the central support unit for controlling the horizontal movement of the clamping unit and the vertical movement of the lifting mechanism. The system includes a lifting and lowering mechanism for the central support unit to precisely adjust the curvature of the flexible device; a multi-point sensing and measurement module, comprising displacement sensors, strain sensors, and microelectromechanical sensors respectively installed in the clamping unit and the central support unit, for real-time acquisition of displacement, strain, and other physical quantities of the flexible device under different curvature states; a data acquisition input interface for connecting to a data acquisition device to achieve synchronous data acquisition during multi-physics field testing; and a control and data processing unit for coordinating the actions of each actuator, acquiring and processing multi-channel sensor data, and realizing curvature generation, closed-loop adjustment, drift determination, and multi-physics field test result output.

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