Metallurgical ceramization method for surface of die-casting molten aluminum feeding spoon head

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material surface treatment and die-casting, in particular to a die-casting molten aluminum feeding spoon head surface metallurgical ceramization method which comprises the following steps that a die-casting molten aluminum feeding spoon head is cleaned, and oil stains, impurities and an oxide layer on the surface of the die-casting molten aluminum feeding spoon head are removed; the surface of the feeding spoon head is pretreated, so that the surface roughness reaches the metallurgical bonding standard; preparing a composite powder material containing metal ceramic powder, and cladding the composite powder on the surface of the feeding spoon by adopting a plasma cladding process or a laser cladding process on the surface of the pretreated feeding spoon head to form a metallurgical bonding layer; and carrying out high-temperature treatment on the clad feeding spoon head, so that the ceramic powder and the metal powder are mutually diffused and reacted to form a metallurgical ceramic layer. Through a unique treatment process, a metallurgical ceramic layer with excellent performance is formed on the surface of the feeding spoon head, so that the performances of high temperature resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, no aluminum liquid invasion and the like of the feeding spoon head are effectively improved, and the service life of the feeding spoon head is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of material surface treatment and die casting, specifically to a method for metallurgically ceramicizing the surface of a feed spoon head for die casting aluminum liquid. Background Technology

[0002] During the die-casting process, the aluminum molten material feed spoon head is in constant contact with the high-temperature molten aluminum, which can easily lead to surface wear and corrosion, affecting feeding accuracy and service life. Existing surface treatment methods often fail to meet the stringent working conditions.

[0003] Metal alloy ceramic composite coating is a composite material composed of metal alloy or alloy mixed with one or more ceramic phases. It combines the characteristics of both metal alloy and ceramic, and has advantages such as high strength, low coefficient of expansion, high operating temperature, good thermal stability and excellent wear resistance.

[0004] However, metal alloy ceramic composite coatings have not yet been applied to die casting production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for metallurgically ceramicizing the surface of a feed spoon head for die-casting aluminum liquid. Through a unique processing procedure, a high-performance metallurgical ceramic layer is formed on the surface of the feed spoon head, which effectively improves its properties such as high temperature resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and non-porous aluminum liquid, thereby extending the service life of the feed spoon head.

[0006] The solution adopted by this invention to achieve its objective is: a method for metallurgically ceramicizing the surface of a feed spoon head for die-cast aluminum liquid, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Clean the feed spoon head of the die-cast aluminum liquid to remove surface oil, impurities and oxide layer;

[0008] (2) The surface of the feeding spoon head is pretreated so that the surface roughness meets the metallurgical bonding standard;

[0009] (3) Prepare a composite powder material containing metal ceramic powder. The composite powder is clad onto the surface of the feed spoon head treated in step (2) by plasma cladding or laser cladding to form a metallurgical bonding layer.

[0010] (4) The feeding spoon head after cladding is subjected to high temperature treatment so that the ceramic powder and metal powder diffuse and react with each other to form a metallurgical ceramic layer.

[0011] Preferably, in step (1), the cleaning process includes acid washing, alkaline washing, or organic solvent cleaning.

[0012] Preferably, in step (2), the surface roughness ranges from 0.3 to 0.5 mm.

[0013] Preferably, in step (3), the composite powder comprises the following raw materials: 15.0wt% to 20.0wt% molybdenum, 12.0wt% to 18.0wt% ferroboron, 15.0wt% to 20.0wt% nickel boride, 8.0wt% to 15.0wt% chromium boride, 18.0wt% to 25.0wt% molybdenum boride, 6.0wt% to 10.0wt% ferrovanadium, 5.0wt% to 10.0wt% iron, 3.0wt% to 5.0wt% cobalt, 0.1wt% to 1.2wt% carbon, and 2.0wt% to 5.0wt% forming agent.

[0014] Preferably, the molding agent includes one or more of paraffin wax, zinc stearate, anhydrous ethanol solution of polyvinyl butyral, and rubber gasoline solution.

[0015] Preferably, the particle size of each raw material is independent, ranging from 5 to 100 μm.

[0016] Preferably, in step (3), when plasma cladding is used, plasma cladding is carried out in an inert atmosphere, and the process parameters are: current 165A, voltage 32V, powder feed rate 30-40g / min, scanning speed 1.2-1.4m / min, double-track scanning, and metallurgical bonding layer thickness of about 1.0-3.0mm.

[0017] Preferably, in step (3), when laser cladding is used, laser cladding is carried out in an inert atmosphere, and the process parameters are: laser power of 3500-3800W, scanning speed of 8-12mm / s, spot diameter of 2.5-3.5mm, powder feeding amount of 30-40g / min, overlap amount of 40%-50%, and metallurgical bonding layer thickness of about 1.0-3.0mm.

[0018] Preferably, in step (4), the specific operation of the high temperature treatment is: heat treatment at 500-550℃ for 4-6 hours.

[0019] Preferably, the method further includes the following step: installing a crack-resistant safety drag structure at the bottom of the feeding spoon head.

[0020] The bottom is equipped with a crack-resistant safety protection structure to improve the production safety factor.

[0021] A metallurgical bonding layer with a thickness of 1mm-3mm is clad onto the surface of the feed spoon head with a suitable roughness by plasma or laser fusion, followed by high-temperature treatment to form a metallurgical ceramic layer, which achieves the characteristics of high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, high temperature corrosion resistance, and non-aluminum penetration during high-temperature operation.

[0022] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0023] This invention discloses a process for metallurgical ceramicization of the surface of a die-cast aluminum molten feed spoon head. Through a unique processing procedure, a high-performance metallurgical ceramic layer is formed on the surface of the feed spoon head, which effectively improves its properties such as high temperature resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and non-porous aluminum molten material resistance, thereby extending the service life of the feed spoon head. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To better understand the present invention, the following embodiments are further illustrations of the present invention, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] A method for metallurgically ceramicizing the surface of a feed spoon head for die-cast aluminum liquid includes the following steps:

[0027] (1) Clean the feed spoon head of the die-cast aluminum liquid to remove surface oil, impurities and oxide layer;

[0028] (2) Pre-treat the surface of the feeding spoon head to make the surface roughness 0.3-0.5mm;

[0029] (3) Prepare a composite powder material containing metal ceramic powder. Use plasma laser process to melt the composite powder onto the surface of the feed spoon after step (2) to form a metal ceramic metallurgical bonding layer.

[0030] (4) The feeding spoon head after cladding is subjected to high temperature treatment so that the ceramic powder and metal powder diffuse and react with each other to form a metallurgical ceramic layer.

[0031] In step (1), the cleaning process includes acid washing, alkaline washing or organic solvent cleaning.

[0032] In step (2), the specific pretreatment process is as follows: the surface of the die-cast aluminum liquid feed spoon is sandblasted to make the surface to be melted and coated have a certain roughness, so as to increase the surface of the substrate and the coating material. Then it is cleaned with ethanol to remove micro-particles and oil stains and other impurities from the surface of the substrate, and then dried for later use.

[0033] In step (3), the composite powder comprises the following raw materials: 15 wt% molybdenum, 16 wt% ferroboron, 15 wt% nickel boride, 14 wt% chromium boride, 20 wt% molybdenum boride, 6 wt% ferrovanadium, 7 wt% iron, 4 wt% cobalt, 0.4 wt% carbon, and 2.5 wt% forming agent; wherein the particle size of each raw material is 5-30 μm, and the forming agent is paraffin wax.

[0034] After mixing the raw materials, the mixture was ball-milled for 48 hours, and then dried at a vacuum of 0.1 Pa and a temperature of 80 °C for 10 hours. The dried powder was then sieved to obtain alloy powder with a particle size of 1-2 μm, which was then set aside for use.

[0035] In step (3), a plasma cladding process is used, and plasma cladding is carried out in an argon atmosphere. The process parameters are: current 165A, voltage 32V, powder feed rate 40g / min, scanning speed 1.2m / min, dual-channel scanning, and metallurgical bonding layer thickness of about 3.0mm.

[0036] In step (4), the specific operation of the high temperature treatment is: heat treatment at 550℃ for 4 hours.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] A method for metallurgically ceramicizing the surface of a feed spoon head for die-cast aluminum liquid includes the following steps:

[0039] (1) Clean the feed spoon head of the die-cast aluminum liquid to remove surface oil, impurities and oxide layer;

[0040] (2) Pre-treat the surface of the feeding spoon head to make the surface roughness 0.3-0.5mm;

[0041] (3) Prepare a composite powder material containing metal ceramic powder. Use plasma laser process to melt the composite powder onto the surface of the feed spoon after step (2) to form a metallurgical bonding layer.

[0042] (4) The feeding spoon head after cladding is subjected to high temperature treatment so that the ceramic powder and metal powder diffuse and react with each other to form a metallurgical ceramic layer.

[0043] In step (1), the cleaning process includes acid washing, alkaline washing or organic solvent cleaning.

[0044] In step (2), the specific pretreatment process is as follows: the surface of the die-cast aluminum liquid feed spoon is sandblasted to make the surface to be melted and coated have a certain roughness, so as to increase the surface of the substrate and the coating material. Then it is cleaned with ethanol to remove micro-particles and oil stains and other impurities from the surface of the substrate, and then dried for later use.

[0045] In step (3), the composite powder comprises the following raw materials: 15 wt% molybdenum, 16 wt% ferroboron, 18 wt% nickel boride, 8 wt% chromium boride, 18 wt% molybdenum boride, 10 wt% ferrovanadium, 5.3 wt% iron, 5 wt% cobalt, 0.7 wt% carbon, and 4 wt% molding agent; wherein the particle size of each raw material is 50-100 μm, and the molding agent is a rubber gasoline solution.

[0046] After mixing the raw materials, the mixture was ball-milled for 96 hours and then dried at a vacuum of 1 Pa and a temperature of 90 °C for 6 hours. The dried powder was then sieved to obtain alloy powder with a particle size of 0.1–1 μm.

[0047] In step (3), a plasma cladding process is used, and plasma cladding is carried out in an argon atmosphere. The process parameters are: current 165A, voltage 32V, powder feed rate 30g / min, scanning speed 1.4m / min, double-channel scanning, and metallurgical bonding layer thickness of about 1.0mm.

[0048] In step (4), the specific operation of the high temperature treatment is: heat treatment at 500℃ for 6 hours.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] A method for metallurgically ceramicizing the surface of a feed spoon head for die-cast aluminum liquid includes the following steps:

[0051] (1) Clean the feed spoon head of the die-cast aluminum liquid to remove surface oil, impurities and oxide layer;

[0052] (2) Pre-treat the surface of the feeding spoon head to make the surface roughness 0.3-0.5mm;

[0053] (3) Prepare a composite powder material containing metal ceramic powder. Use plasma laser process to melt the composite powder onto the surface of the feed spoon after step (2) to form a metallurgical bonding layer.

[0054] (4) The feeding spoon head after cladding is subjected to high temperature treatment so that the ceramic powder and metal powder diffuse and react with each other to form a metallurgical ceramic layer.

[0055] In step (1), the cleaning process includes acid washing, alkaline washing or organic solvent cleaning.

[0056] In step (2), the specific pretreatment process is as follows: the surface of the die-cast aluminum liquid feed spoon is sandblasted to make the surface to be melted and coated have a certain roughness, so as to increase the surface of the substrate and the coating material. Then it is cleaned with ethanol to remove micro-particles and oil stains and other impurities from the surface of the substrate, and then dried for later use.

[0057] In step (3), the composite powder comprises the following raw materials: 16 wt% molybdenum, 14 wt% ferroboron, 15 wt% nickel boride, 13 wt% chromium boride, 18 wt% molybdenum boride, 10 wt% ferrovanadium, 6 wt% iron, 3 wt% cobalt, 1.0 wt% carbon, and 3 wt% forming agent; wherein the particle size of each raw material is 30-80 μm, and the forming agent is zinc stearate.

[0058] After mixing the raw materials, the mixture was ball-milled for 72 hours and then dried at a vacuum of 5 Pa and a temperature of 70 °C for 10 hours. The dried powder was then sieved to obtain alloy powder with a particle size of 0.5–1.5 μm.

[0059] In step (3), when using laser cladding process, laser cladding is carried out in an inert atmosphere. The laser power is 3800W, the scanning speed is 10mm / s, the spot diameter is 3mm, the powder feeding amount is 40g / min, the overlap amount is 50%, and the metallurgical bonding layer thickness is about 2.0mm.

[0060] In step (4), the specific operation of the high temperature treatment is: heat treatment at 550℃ for 6 hours.

[0061] Performance characteristics of the metal-ceramic layers of the feed spoon heads prepared in Examples 1-3:

[0062] High hardness and red hardness: Room temperature hardness: HRC60-72, 800℃ high temperature hardness: HRC52-60;

[0063] High wear resistance: 5-20 times that of existing mold steels, and 2-5 times that of WC-Ni coating.

[0064] Metallurgical bonding: Achieving a metallurgical bond between metal ceramics and steel, with a bonding strength ≥350MPa.

[0065] Non-aluminum resistant: The clad metal ceramic layer feeding spoon head leaves no residue on the surface in contact with molten aluminum during use, and has obvious advantages of not corroding or adhering to the molten aluminum.

[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for metallurgically ceramicizing the surface of a feed spoon head for die-casting aluminum liquid, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Clean the feed spoon head of the die-cast aluminum liquid to remove surface oil, impurities and oxide layer; (2) The surface of the feeding spoon head is pretreated so that the surface roughness meets the metallurgical bonding standard; (3) Prepare a composite powder material containing metal ceramic powder. The composite powder is clad onto the surface of the feed spoon head treated in step (2) by plasma cladding or laser cladding to form a metallurgical bonding layer. (4) The feeding spoon head after cladding is subjected to high temperature treatment so that the ceramic powder and metal powder diffuse and react with each other to form a metallurgical ceramic layer.

2. The method for metallurgical ceramicization of the surface of the die-casting aluminum melt feed spoon head according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the cleaning process includes acid washing, alkaline washing or organic solvent cleaning.

3. The method for metallurgical ceramicization of the surface of the die-casting aluminum melt feed spoon head according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the surface roughness ranges from 0.3 to 0.5 mm.

4. The method for metallurgical ceramicization of the surface of the die-casting aluminum melt feed spoon head according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the composite powder includes the following raw materials: 15.0wt%–20.0wt% molybdenum, 12.0wt%–18.0wt% ferroboron, 15.0wt%–20.0wt% nickel boride, 8.0wt%–15.0wt% chromium boride, 18.0wt%–25.0wt% molybdenum boride, 6.0wt%–10.0wt% ferrovanadium, 5.0wt%–10.0wt% iron, 3.0wt%–5.0wt% cobalt, 0.1wt%–1.2wt% carbon, and 2.0wt%–5.0wt% forming agent.

5. The method for metallurgical ceramicization of the surface of the die-casting aluminum melt feed spoon head according to claim 4, characterized in that: The molding agent includes one or more of paraffin wax, zinc stearate, anhydrous ethanol solution of polyvinyl butyral, and rubber gasoline solution.

6. The method for metallurgical ceramicization of the surface of the die-casting aluminum melt feed spoon head according to claim 4, characterized in that: The particle size of each raw material is independent, ranging from 5 to 100 μm.

7. The method for metallurgical ceramicization of the surface of the die-casting aluminum melt feed spoon head according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), when plasma cladding is used, plasma cladding is carried out in an inert atmosphere. The process parameters are: current 165A, voltage 32V, powder feed rate 30-40g / min, scanning speed 1.2-1.4m / min, double-track scanning, and metallurgical bonding layer thickness of about 1.0-3.0mm.

8. The method for metallurgical ceramicization of the surface of the die-casting aluminum melt feed spoon head according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), when laser cladding is used, laser cladding is carried out in an inert atmosphere. The process parameters are: laser power of 3500-3800W, scanning speed of 8-12mm / s, spot diameter of 2.5-3.5mm, powder feeding of 30-40g / min, overlap of 40%-50%, and metallurgical bonding layer thickness of about 1.0-3.0mm.

9. The method for metallurgical ceramicization of the surface of the die-casting aluminum melt feed spoon head according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), the specific operation of high temperature treatment is to keep the temperature at 500-550℃ for 4-6 hours.