Underground coal flow buffering and transporting device for coal mine

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground coal mine coal flow buffer transportation device, and relates to the technical field of underground coal mine transportation equipment.The underground coal mine coal flow buffer transportation device comprises a hydraulic support, a coal mining machine roller, a front-end conveyor, a rear-end conveyor, a crushing part and a buffer part, the hydraulic support is used for supporting a roadway top plate, and the coal mining machine roller is rotationally arranged below the hydraulic support; the coal mining machine roller can scrape coal rocks from a coal seam, the front-end conveyor is fixedly arranged below the coal mining machine roller and can receive the coal rocks scraped by the coal mining machine roller, the rear-end conveyor is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the hydraulic support and can receive falling top coal, the crushing part is fixedly arranged on the rear-end conveyor, and the crushing part is fixedly arranged on the rear-end conveyor. The crushing part can crush top coal falling onto the rear-end conveyor into small blocks, the buffer part is rotationally arranged in the crushing part, and the buffer part can buffer impact force generated when the crushed coal blocks fall onto the rear-end conveyor; the conveyor has the effect of prolonging the service life of the conveyor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of underground coal mine transportation equipment technology, and in particular to an underground coal flow buffer transportation device. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of coal mining, top coal caving mining has the advantages of high mining efficiency and low cost, and is widely used in the mining of thick coal seams.

[0003] One related top coal caving mining method involves using hydraulic supports, conveyors, and coal mining machine drums. When top coal caving is required, the coal mining machine drums scrape coal onto the front conveyor and drive the hydraulic supports forward. After the hydraulic supports move, the top coal collapses under its own weight and falls through the coal discharge port of the hydraulic supports onto the rear conveyor. After the coal falls onto the front and rear conveyors, the conveyors can then transport the coal to the working face for further processing.

[0004] When mining coal using the above method, the coal particles are relatively large and fall at a high speed when they fall from the coal discharge port to the rear conveyor. This results in a large impact force on the conveyor when the coal falls onto it, which can easily damage the conveyor and affect its service life. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to extend the service life of the conveyor, this application provides a coal flow buffer transportation device for underground coal mines.

[0006] This application provides a coal flow buffer and transportation device for underground coal mines, which adopts the following technical solution: A coal flow buffer and transport device for underground coal mines, comprising: Hydraulic supports are used to support the roof of the roadway; The coal mining machine drum is rotatably mounted below the hydraulic support and can scrape coal and rock from the coal seam. A front-end conveyor is fixedly installed below the coal mining machine drum, and the front-end conveyor can receive the coal and rock scraped off by the coal mining machine drum; A rear-end conveyor is fixedly installed at the rear end of the hydraulic support, and the rear-end conveyor can receive falling top coal. The crushing component is fixedly installed on the rear conveyor and can crush the top coal falling onto the rear conveyor into small pieces. A buffer element is rotatably disposed within the crushing component, which can buffer the impact force generated when the crushed coal blocks fall onto the rear conveyor.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when coal mining is required, the coal mining machine drum is activated to scrape coal and rock onto the front conveyor. Simultaneously, the hydraulic support moves forward, causing the top coal to collapse and fall through the discharge port to the rear conveyor. During the process of the top coal falling to the rear conveyor, the crushing mechanism is activated, breaking large pieces of top coal into smaller pieces that fall towards the rear conveyor. As the top coal is crushed and falls towards the rear conveyor, it passes through a buffer. The smaller pieces of top coal are cushioned by the buffer, reducing their falling speed and thus decreasing the impact force when they fall onto the rear conveyor. This prevents damage to the rear conveyor due to excessive impact force, thereby extending the service life of the rear conveyor.

[0008] Optionally, the crushing component includes: A support frame is fixedly mounted on the rear conveyor. The motor is fixedly mounted on the top of the bracket; A drive pulley is rotatably mounted on the bracket and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor. The driven pulley is rotatably mounted on the top of the bracket. The driven pulley is arranged parallel to the driving pulley, and the driving pulley and the driven pulley are connected by belt drive. An eccentric shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the bracket and is fixedly connected to the driven pulley. A movable jaw plate, which is slidably disposed within the gap of the support, and is fixedly connected to the eccentric shaft; A fixed jaw plate is fixedly disposed within the gap of the bracket, and the fixed jaw plate is fixedly connected to the end of the bracket away from the movable jaw plate; A hydraulic rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bracket, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the end of the fixed jaw plate near the bracket.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when the top coal falls through the coal discharge port to the rear conveyor, the motor is started. The motor rotation drives the drive pulley to rotate, which in turn drives the belt drive, which in turn drives the driven pulley to rotate. The driven pulley then drives the eccentric shaft to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the eccentric shaft drives the moving jaw plate to reciprocate within the support gap. The reciprocating motion of the moving jaw plate can squeeze and crush the falling top coal, thereby breaking the top coal into small pieces. After the top coal is broken into small pieces, the impact force when it falls to the rear conveyor is reduced, thus preventing the rear conveyor from being damaged due to excessive impact force from the top coal, and extending the service life of the rear conveyor.

[0010] Optionally, the buffer includes: A handle is rotatably mounted on the side wall of the bracket, and a plurality of positioning grooves are spaced apart on the handle; A rotating shaft is rotatably mounted inside the bracket and is fixedly connected to the handle. The rotating shaft is vertically provided with an extrusion groove. Two movable rods are spaced apart along the bracket, each movable rod is slidably disposed within the bracket, and the movable rod abuts against the extrusion groove; A plurality of connecting posts are provided at intervals along the movable rod, and each connecting post is fixedly connected to the movable rod; A first spring is provided, and each first spring is fixedly connected to the corresponding connecting post. Two buffer plates are provided, each of which is rotatably disposed within the gap of the bracket, and the buffer plate is fixedly connected to the end of the first spring away from the connecting column; A positioning ring is fixedly disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft; Positioning pins, wherein multiple positioning pins are spaced apart along the positioning ring, and each positioning pin is slidably disposed within the positioning ring; The second spring is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the positioning pin. One end of each second spring is fixedly connected to the positioning pin, and the other end of each second spring is fixedly connected to the positioning ring. A rotating ring is rotatably disposed on the outer periphery of the positioning ring. Multiple push grooves are spaced apart on the inner periphery of the rotating ring. Each push groove corresponds to a positioning pin. The push groove abuts against the end of the positioning pin away from the positioning ring. Multiple slots are spaced apart on the surface of the rotating ring. A fixing block is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the bracket, and the fixing block is located directly above the rotating ring; A threaded knob, which is rotatably mounted within the fixed block; A pressure block, which is slidably disposed within the fixed block, and abuts against the threaded knob; The third spring, one end of which is fixedly connected to the pressure block, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed block; A transmission block is slidably disposed within the pressure block, the transmission block abuts against the end of the pressure block away from the fixed block, and the transmission block is embedded in the slot. A fourth spring, one end of which is fixedly connected to the transmission block, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed block.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the top coal is broken into small pieces and falls onto the rear conveyor, the small pieces of top coal pass through two buffer plates and apply pressure to the two buffer plates. After being pressured, the buffer plates rotate towards the support and compress the first spring. After the two buffer plates rotate, the small pieces of top coal fall through the gap between the buffer plates onto the rear conveyor, thus avoiding the coal falling directly onto the rear conveyor and causing damage. When the crushed top coal particles are large, rotating the threaded knob moves it away from the fixed block. After the threaded knob moves, the compressed third spring releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the pressure block away from the transmission block. After the pressure block moves, it gradually disengages from the transmission block until it is completely separated from the transmission block. Then, the fourth spring releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the transmission block away from the rotating ring until the transmission block disengages from the slot. After the transmission block disengages from the slot, the rotating ring rotates. After the rotating ring rotates, the pusher groove rotates synchronously with the rotating ring. After the pusher groove rotates, the rotating ring applies pressure to the positioning pin. The applied pressure is gradually reduced until the push groove and the positioning pins disengage. At this point, the multiple positioning pins can move away from the rotating shaft under the elastic force of the second spring until the positioning pins are completely disengaged from the positioning groove. After the positioning pins are disengaged from the positioning groove, the rotating shaft can be rotated by the handle. The rotation of the rotating shaft drives the extrusion groove to rotate. The rotation of the extrusion groove pushes the movable rod to move closer to each other. The movement of the movable rod drives the multiple connecting pins to move synchronously. The movement of the connecting pins drives the multiple first springs to compress synchronously. The compression of the multiple first springs increases the clamping force between the two buffer plates. After the multiple first springs are adjusted, the rotating ring is rotated in the opposite direction. This reverse rotation pushes the multiple positioning pins back into the positioning slots and compresses the multiple second springs. Once the positioning pins are in the positioning slots, the rotating shaft is locked. After the rotating shaft is locked, the threaded knob is rotated in the opposite direction. This reverse rotation moves the threaded knob closer to the fixed block and pushes the pressure block closer to the transmission block. This movement compresses the third spring and pushes the transmission block closer to the rotating ring. This movement compresses the fourth spring until the transmission block is back into the slots, at which point the rotating ring is locked. Once the rotating ring is locked, the compression of the multiple first springs is fixed, thus increasing and stabilizing the clamping force of the two buffer plates. The increased clamping force between the buffer plates allows larger top coal blocks to experience greater resistance when passing through the two buffer plates, thereby slowing down the falling speed of the larger top coal blocks and preventing damage to the rear conveyor due to excessive impact force. By buffering the top coal blocks in the above manner, top coal blocks of different sizes can be buffered and their falling speed controlled. This avoids the back-end conveyor being damaged due to insufficient buffering force when larger top coal blocks fall, which would otherwise be caused by excessive impact. This further extends the service life of the back-end conveyor.

[0012] Optionally, a cover plate is fixedly installed on the bracket, and the driving pulley, the driven pulley, and the belt are located inside the cover plate.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, after the drive pulley, driven pulley, and belt rotate, the cover plate can form a sealed space inside the cover plate, preventing coal ash and impurities from entering the meshing area of ​​the belt with the drive pulley and driven pulley, thereby avoiding belt slippage or increased wear due to coal ash accumulation in the belt drive system, and thus improving the stability of belt drive.

[0014] Optionally, two third springs are provided at intervals along the pressure block.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the two third springs can keep the force on the upper and lower ends of the pressure block balanced during the movement of the pressure block, thus avoiding the phenomenon of the pressure block tilting or getting stuck during the movement due to the force on one side, thereby improving the stability of the pressure block during the movement.

[0016] Optionally, a cushioning pad is fixedly provided at the top of each of the buffer plates.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the blocky top coal falls onto the buffer plate, the buffer pad can absorb the impact force generated when the top coal falls onto the buffer plate, thus preventing the buffer plate from deforming or being damaged due to excessive impact force from the top coal, thereby extending the service life of the buffer plate.

[0018] Optionally, a plurality of breaking teeth are fixedly provided at one end of the movable jaw plate near the fixed jaw plate.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, during the process of the moving jaw plate moving and crushing the top coal block entering the support gap into smaller pieces, the crushing teeth will move synchronously with the moving jaw plate. After the crushing teeth move, they can perform multi-point shearing and compression on the top coal block, thereby crushing the top coal block into smaller coal fragments, thus improving the crushing effect when crushing the top coal block.

[0020] Optionally, the surfaces of the movable jaw plate and the fixed jaw plate are coated with a wear-resistant coating.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the wear-resistant coating can reduce the wear on the surfaces of the moving jaw plate and the fixed jaw plate caused by continuous friction with the top coal block during the crushing process of the moving jaw plate and the fixed jaw plate, thereby extending the service life of the moving jaw plate and the fixed jaw plate.

[0022] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a coal flow buffer and transportation device for underground coal mines, which includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. When mining coal, the coal shearing machine drum is activated to scrape coal and rock onto the front conveyor. Simultaneously, the hydraulic support moves forward, causing the top coal to collapse and fall through the discharge port to the rear conveyor. During the fall of the top coal to the rear conveyor, the crushing mechanism is activated, breaking large pieces of top coal into smaller pieces that fall towards the rear conveyor. As the top coal passes through the crushing mechanism and falls towards the rear conveyor, it encounters a buffer. The smaller pieces of top coal are cushioned by the buffer, reducing their falling speed and thus decreasing the impact force when they fall onto the rear conveyor. This prevents damage to the rear conveyor due to excessive impact and extends its service life.

[0023] 2. When the top coal falls through the coal discharge port to the rear conveyor, the motor is started. The motor rotation drives the drive pulley to rotate, which in turn drives the belt drive, which in turn drives the driven pulley to rotate. The driven pulley then drives the eccentric shaft to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the eccentric shaft causes the moving jaw plate to reciprocate within the support gap. The reciprocating motion of the moving jaw plate crushes the falling top coal, breaking it into small pieces. This reduces the impact force when the top coal falls to the rear conveyor, thus preventing damage to the rear conveyor due to excessive impact and extending its service life.

[0024] 3. After the drive pulley, driven pulley, and belt rotate, the cover plate can form a sealed space inside the cover plate to prevent coal ash and impurities from entering the meshing area of ​​the belt with the drive pulley and driven pulley. This avoids belt slippage or increased wear due to coal ash accumulation in the belt drive system, thereby improving the stability of the belt drive. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an underground coal flow buffer and transportation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a crushing component in an underground coal flow buffer and transportation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a movable rod in an underground coal flow buffer and transportation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an extrusion trough in an underground coal flow buffer and transportation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a buffer component in an underground coal flow buffer transportation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a positioning pin in an underground coal flow buffer and transportation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission block structure in an underground coal flow buffer and transportation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Explanation of the markings in the image: 1. Hydraulic support; 11. Coal mining machine drum; 12. Front-end conveyor; 13. Rear-end conveyor; 2. Crushing component; 21. Support; 22. Motor; 23. Drive pulley; 24. Driven pulley; 25. Eccentric shaft; 26. Belt; 27. Moving jaw plate; 28. Fixed jaw plate; 29. ​​Hydraulic rod; 3. Buffer component; 31. Handle; 32. Rotating shaft; 33. Extrusion groove; 34. Positioning groove; 35. Movable rod; 36. Connecting column; 37. First spring; 38. Buffer plate; 39. Positioning ring; 391. Positioning pin; 392. Second spring; 393. Rotating ring; 394. Push groove; 395. Slot; 396. Fixing block; 397. Threaded knob; 398. Pressure block; 399. Third spring; 3991. Transmission block; 3992. Fourth spring; 4. Cover plate; 5. Buffer pad; 6. Crushing tooth. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-7 This application will be described in further detail.

[0028] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 This application discloses an underground coal flow buffer and transportation device, including a hydraulic support 1, a coal mining machine drum 11, a front conveyor 12, a rear conveyor 13, a crushing component 2, and a buffer component 3. The hydraulic support 1 is used to support the roof of the roadway. The coal mining machine drum 11 is rotatably disposed below the hydraulic support 1 and can scrape coal and rock from the coal seam. The front conveyor 12 is fixedly disposed below the coal mining machine drum 11 and can receive the coal and rock scraped off by the coal mining machine drum 11. The rear conveyor 13 is fixedly disposed at the rear end of the hydraulic support 1 and can receive the falling top coal. The crushing component 2 is fixedly disposed on the rear conveyor 13 and can crush the top coal falling onto the rear conveyor 13 into small pieces. The buffer component 3 is rotatably disposed inside the crushing component 2 and can buffer the impact force generated when the crushed coal pieces fall onto the rear conveyor 13.

[0029] In this embodiment, the support height of the hydraulic support 1 can be adjusted according to the roadway end face, the rotation speed of the coal mining machine drum 11 can be adjusted in real time according to the hardness and thickness of the coal seam, and the crushing component 2 can be fixedly connected to the rear conveyor 13 by integral molding or by welding, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment. The specifications of the buffer component 3 match the specifications of the crushing component 2, and the specifications of the buffer component 3 can ensure that it can be completely accommodated within the crushing component 2.

[0030] In practical use, when mining coal, the coal mining machine drum 11 is started. After the drum 11 starts, it scrapes the coal and rock on the coal seam onto the front conveyor 12. After the coal and rock are scraped off, the hydraulic support 1 moves forward, and the top coal falls through the discharge port onto the rear conveyor 13 under its own gravity. During the process of the top coal falling onto the rear conveyor 13, the crushing component 2 is activated, which breaks the large pieces of top coal into smaller pieces. After being broken into smaller pieces, the top coal falls onto the rear conveyor 13 under its own gravity. During the fall of the small pieces of top coal, they are buffered by the buffer component 3, thereby reducing the falling speed of the top coal and reducing the impact force generated when the top coal falls onto the rear conveyor 13, thus extending the service life of the rear conveyor 13.

[0031] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 In a specific embodiment, the crushing component 2 includes a support 21, a motor 22, a drive pulley 23, a driven pulley 24, an eccentric shaft 25, a moving jaw plate 27, a fixed jaw plate 28, and a hydraulic rod 29. The support 21 is fixedly mounted on the rear conveyor 13. The motor 22 is fixedly mounted on the top of the support 21. The drive pulley 23 is rotatably mounted on the support 21 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 22. The driven pulley 24 is rotatably mounted on the top of the support 21 and is arranged parallel to the drive pulley 23. Wheel 23 and driven pulley 24 are connected by belt 26. Eccentric shaft 25 is rotatably mounted on the top of bracket 21 and fixedly connected to driven pulley 24. Moving jaw plate 27 is slidably mounted in the gap of bracket 21 and fixedly connected to eccentric shaft 25. Fixed jaw plate 28 is fixedly mounted in the gap of bracket 21 and fixedly connected to the end of bracket 21 away from moving jaw plate 27. One end of hydraulic rod 29 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of bracket 21, and the other end of hydraulic rod 29 is fixedly connected to the end of fixed jaw plate 28 near bracket 21. Cover plate 4 is fixedly mounted on bracket 21, and driving pulley 23, driven pulley 24, and belt 26 are located inside cover plate 4. Multiple breaking teeth 6 are fixedly mounted on the end of moving jaw plate 27 near fixed jaw plate 28. The surfaces of moving jaw plate 27 and fixed jaw plate 28 are coated with wear-resistant coating.

[0032] In this embodiment, the support 21 has a rectangular structure. The support 21 can be integrally formed and fixedly connected to the rear conveyor 13, or it can be connected by welding; no specific limitation is made in this embodiment. The motor 22 is fixedly connected to the support 21 by bolts. The drive pulley 23 is integrally formed and fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 22. The eccentric shaft 25 is integrally formed and fixedly connected to the driven pulley 24. The moving jaw plate 27 is integrally formed and fixedly connected to the eccentric shaft 25. The hydraulic rod 29 is fixedly connected to the support 21 and the fixed jaw plate 28 by bolts. The cover plate 4 can be fixedly connected to the support 21 by bolts or by welding; no specific limitation is made in this embodiment. The crushing tooth 6 is integrally formed and fixedly connected to the moving jaw plate 27. The wear-resistant coating material can be tungsten carbide or titanium carbide; no specific limitation is made in this embodiment.

[0033] In practical use, when the top coal block falls through the coal discharge port to the rear conveyor 13, the motor 22 is started. After the motor 22 rotates, it drives the drive pulley 23 to rotate. The drive pulley 23 rotates, which drives the belt 26 to drive. The belt 26 drives the driven pulley 24 to rotate. The driven pulley 24 rotates, which drives the eccentric shaft 25 to rotate. The rotation of the eccentric shaft 25 drives the moving jaw plate 27 to reciprocate within the gap of the support 21. After the moving jaw plate 27 and the crushing teeth 6 reciprocate, the coal block falling into the gap of the support 21 is crushed into small pieces. After the coal block is crushed into small pieces, the impact force on the rear conveyor 13 after the coal block falls onto the rear conveyor 13 is significantly reduced, thereby protecting the rear conveyor 13 from damage. The wear-resistant coating can improve the wear resistance of the moving jaw plate 27 and the fixed jaw plate 28, prevent the moving jaw plate 27 and the fixed jaw plate 28 from being worn and deformed due to long-term friction with coal, and thus extend the service life of the moving jaw plate 27 and the fixed jaw plate 28.

[0034] During the process of coal falling into the gap of the support 21, the cover plate 4 can prevent coal from falling into the transmission area of ​​the belt 26 and the belt 26 pulley, thereby avoiding the situation where the belt 26 slips or gets stuck due to coal or coal dust entering between the belt 26 and the belt 26 pulley, thus improving the stability of the belt 26 during transmission.

[0035] Combination Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7In a specific embodiment, the buffer 3 includes a handle 31, a rotating shaft 32, a movable rod 35, a connecting post 36, a first spring 37, a buffer plate 38, a positioning ring 39, a positioning pin 391, a second spring 392, a rotating ring 393, a fixing block 396, a threaded knob 397, a pressure block 398, a third spring 399, a transmission block 3991, and a fourth spring 3992. The handle 31 is rotatably mounted on the side wall of the bracket 21, and multiple positioning grooves 34 are spaced apart on the handle 31. The rotating shaft 32 is rotatably mounted inside the bracket 21 and is fixedly connected to the handle 31. The rotating shaft 32 is vertically provided with a pressing groove 33. Two movable rods 35 are spaced apart along the bracket 21. Each movable rod 35 is slidably disposed within the bracket 21, and the movable rod 35 abuts against the extrusion groove 33. Multiple connecting posts 36 are spaced along the movable rod 35, and each connecting post 36 is fixedly connected to the movable rod 35. A first spring 37 is disposed one-to-one with a connecting post 36, and each first spring 37 is fixedly connected to its corresponding connecting post 36. Two buffer plates 38 are disposed, and each buffer plate 38 is rotatably disposed within the gap of the bracket 21, and the buffer plate 38 is fixedly connected to the end of the first spring 37 away from the connecting post 36. A positioning ring 39 is fixedly disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 32, and multiple positioning pins 391 are spaced along the positioning ring 39. All components are slidably disposed within the positioning ring 39. A second spring 392 is correspondingly disposed with a positioning pin 391. One end of each second spring 392 is fixedly connected to a positioning pin 391, and the other end of each second spring 392 is fixedly connected to the positioning ring 39. A rotating ring 393 is rotatably disposed on the outer periphery of the positioning ring 39. Multiple push grooves 394 are spaced apart on the inner periphery of the rotating ring 393. Each push groove 394 corresponds to a positioning pin 391, and the push groove 394 abuts against the end of the positioning pin 391 away from the positioning ring 391. Multiple slots 395 are spaced apart on the surface of the rotating ring 393. A fixing block 396 is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the bracket 21, and the fixing block 396 is located on the rotating ring. Directly above block 393, a threaded knob 397 is rotatably mounted within a fixed block 396. A pressure block 398 is slidably mounted within the fixed block 396, with the pressure block 398 abutting against the threaded knob 397. One end of a third spring 399 is fixedly connected to the pressure block 398, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed block 396. A transmission block 3991 is slidably mounted within the pressure block 398, with the transmission block 3991 abutting against the end of the pressure block 398 away from the fixed block 396. The transmission block 3991 is embedded in a slot 395. One end of a fourth spring 3992 is fixedly connected to the transmission block 3991, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed block 396. Two third springs 399 are spaced apart along the pressure blocks 398. A buffer pad 5 is fixedly mounted on the top of each buffer plate 38.

[0036] In this embodiment, the handle 31 has a circular ring structure. The rotating shaft 32 is integrally formed and fixedly connected to the handle 31. The connecting post 36 has a cylindrical structure and can be integrally formed and fixedly connected to the movable rod 35, or it can be connected by welding. No specific limitation is made in this embodiment. The first spring 37 is integrally formed and fixedly connected to the connecting post 36 and the buffer plate 38. The positioning ring 39 can be integrally formed and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 32, or it can be connected by welding. No specific limitation is made in this embodiment. The positioning pin 391 has a cylindrical structure, and the second spring 392 is integrally formed and fixedly connected to the positioning pin 391 and the positioning ring 39. The rotating ring 393 has a circular ring structure, and the fixing block 396 has a rectangular structure. The fixing block 396 can be integrally formed and fixedly connected to the bracket 21, or it can be connected by welding. No specific limitation is made in this embodiment. The threaded knob 397 has a cylindrical structure, the pressure block 398 has a rectangular structure, the third spring 399 is integrally molded and fixedly connected to the pressure block 398 and the fixing block 396, the transmission block 3991 has a rectangular structure, the fourth spring 3992 is integrally molded and fixedly connected to the transmission block 3991 and the fixing block 396, and the slot 395 is a rectangular slot, the specifications of which match the specifications of the transmission block 3991. The buffer pad 5 can be made of rubber or silicone, and no specific limitation is made in this embodiment. The buffer pad 5 is fixedly connected to the buffer plate 38 by adhesive bonding.

[0037] In practical use, as the top coal is broken into small pieces and falls towards the rear conveyor 13, the top coal pieces will first fall onto the buffer plate 38. After being impacted, the buffer plate 38 rotates towards the support 21. After the buffer plate 38 rotates, it can compress multiple first springs 37. After the multiple first springs 37 are compressed, the top coal pieces can fall through the gap between the two buffer plates 38 onto the rear conveyor 13. This allows the coal pieces to be buffered by the buffer plate 38 before falling onto the rear conveyor 13, thereby reducing the impact force of the coal pieces on the rear conveyor 13. When the crushed coal particles are large, rotating the threaded knob 397 moves the knob away from the pressure block 398. This movement gradually reduces the pushing force on the pressure block 398. As the pressure on the pressure block 398 decreases, the two third springs 399 release their elastic potential energy, pushing the pressure block 398 away from the transmission block 3991. With the pressure block 398 moving, the pressure on the transmission block 3991 gradually decreases. At this point, the fourth spring 3992 releases its elastic potential energy and pushes the transmission block 3991 away from the rotating ring 393 until the transmission block 3991 disengages from the slot 395. After disengaging, the rotating ring 393 rotates, causing the pusher groove 394 to rotate synchronously. This causes the pressure on the positioning pin 391 from the rotating ring 393 to gradually decrease. After the pressure on the positioning pin 391 decreases, the second spring 392 can release its elastic potential energy and push the positioning pin 391 to move away from the positioning groove 34 until the positioning pin 391 is completely separated from the positioning groove 34. After the positioning pin 391 is completely separated from the positioning groove 34, the rotating shaft 32 can be rotated by the handle 31. After the rotating shaft 32 rotates, it drives the pressing groove 33 to rotate synchronously. After the pressing groove 33 rotates, it causes the two movable rods 35 to move towards each other. After the movable rods 35 move, they drive the multiple connecting pins 36 to move towards each other. Since the two buffer plates 38 are in a symmetrical contact state, after the connecting pins 36 move, the multiple first springs 37 can be gradually compressed. After the multiple first springs 37 are compressed, the clamping force between the two buffer plates 38 can be increased.After the multiple first springs 37 are adjusted, the rotating ring 393 is rotated in the opposite direction. After the rotating ring 393 rotates in the opposite direction, it can push the multiple positioning pins 391 to re-embed into the positioning grooves 34 and compress the second springs 392. After the positioning pins 391 are embedded into the positioning grooves 34, the rotating shaft 32 can be locked. At this time, the threaded knob 397 is rotated in the opposite direction. After the threaded knob 397 rotates in the opposite direction, it pushes the pressure block 398 to move closer to the transmission block 3991 and compresses the two third springs 399. After the pressure block 398 moves, it pushes the transmission block 3991 to move towards the rotating ring 393 and compresses the fourth spring 3992 until the transmission block 3991 is re-embedded into the slot 395. After the transmission block 3991 is embedded into the slot 395, the rotating ring 393 can be locked. After the rotating ring 393 and the rotating shaft 32 are locked, the multiple first springs 37 can maintain the adjusted compressed state, so that the clamping force of the two buffer plates 38 always remains in the increased state. Increased clamping force between the two buffer plates 38 allows large coal chunks to fall onto the buffer plates 38, requiring a greater impact force for the two buffer plates 38 to overcome the elasticity of multiple first springs 37 and open, thus preventing insufficient clamping force between the two buffer plates 38 from causing the coal chunks to fall directly onto the rear conveyor 13 and cause impact.

[0038] After the coal block falls onto the buffer plate 38, the buffer pad 5 can buffer the impact of the coal block on the buffer plate 38, preventing the buffer plate 38 from deforming or being damaged due to excessive impact when the coal block falls onto the buffer plate 38.

[0039] The principle of this embodiment is as follows: When mining coal, the coal mining machine drum 11 is started to scrape the coal and rock onto the front conveyor 12. At the same time, the hydraulic support 1 moves forward to cause the top coal to collapse and fall through the coal discharge port to the rear conveyor 13. During the process of the top coal falling to the rear conveyor 13, the motor 22 is started. After the motor 22 rotates, it drives the drive pulley 23 to rotate. After the drive pulley 23 rotates, it drives the belt 26 to drive the transmission. After the belt 26 drives the driven pulley 24 to rotate, the driven pulley 24 drives the eccentric shaft 25 to rotate synchronously. After the eccentric shaft 25 rotates, it drives the moving jaw plate 27 to reciprocate within the gap of the support 21. After the moving jaw plate 27 reciprocates, it can squeeze and crush the falling top coal, thereby breaking the top coal into small pieces. When the top coal is broken into small pieces and falls onto the rear conveyor 13, the small pieces of top coal will pass through two buffer plates 38 and apply pressure to the two buffer plates 38. After being subjected to pressure, the buffer plates 38 can rotate towards the support 21 and compress the first spring 37. After the two buffer plates 38 rotate, the small pieces of top coal can fall onto the rear conveyor 13 through the gap between the buffer plates 38, thereby avoiding the coal from falling directly onto the rear conveyor 13 and causing damage to the rear conveyor 13. When the crushed top coal particles are large, rotating the threaded knob 397 moves it away from the fixed block 396. This movement of the threaded knob 397 compresses the third spring 399, releasing its elastic potential energy and pushing the pressure block 398 away from the transmission block 3991. As the pressure block 398 moves, it gradually disengages from the transmission block 3991 until it is completely separated. Then, the fourth spring 3992 releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the transmission block 3991 away from the rotating ring 393 until it disengages from the slot 395. After disengaging from the slot 395, the rotating ring 393 is rotated. The rotating ring 393 then rotates synchronously with the pusher groove 394. The pusher groove 394 then... This allows the pressure applied by the rotating ring 393 to the positioning pin 391 to gradually decrease until the push groove 394 disengages from the positioning pin 391. At this point, the multiple positioning pins 391 can move away from the rotating shaft 32 under the elastic force of the second spring 392 until the positioning pins 391 are completely disengaged from the positioning groove 34. After the positioning pins 391 are disengaged from the positioning groove 34, the rotating shaft 32 can be rotated by the handle 31. After the rotating shaft 32 rotates, it drives the extrusion groove 33 to rotate. After the extrusion groove 33 rotates, it pushes the movable rod 35 to move towards each other. After the movable rod 35 moves, it drives the multiple connecting pins 36 to move synchronously. After the connecting pins 36 move, they drive the multiple first springs 37 to compress synchronously. After the multiple first springs 37 are compressed, the clamping force between the two buffer plates 38 increases.After the multiple first springs 37 are adjusted, the rotating ring 393 is rotated in the opposite direction. This rotation pushes the multiple positioning pins 391 back into the positioning grooves 34 and compresses the multiple second springs 392. Once the positioning pins 391 are in the positioning grooves 34, the rotating shaft 32 is locked. After the rotating shaft 32 is locked, the threaded knob 397 is rotated in the opposite direction. This rotation moves the threaded knob 397 towards the fixed block 396 and pushes the pressure block 398 towards the transmission block 3991. The movement of the pressure block 398 compresses the third spring 399 and pushes... The transmission block 3991 moves toward the rotating ring 393. After the transmission block 3991 moves, it can compress the fourth spring 3992. Until the transmission block 3991 is re-embedded in the slot 395, the rotating ring 393 can be locked. After the rotating ring 393 is locked, the compression of the multiple first springs 37 can be fixed, so that the clamping force of the two buffer plates 38 can be increased and kept stable. After the clamping force between the buffer plates 38 is increased, the larger top coal block can be subjected to greater resistance when passing through the two buffer plates 38, thereby slowing down the falling speed of the larger top coal block.

[0040] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A coal flow buffer and transport device for underground coal mines, characterized in that, include: Hydraulic support (1), the hydraulic support (1) is used to support the roof of the roadway; The coal mining machine drum (11) is rotatably mounted below the hydraulic support (1) and can scrape coal and rock from the coal seam. The front-end conveyor (12) is fixedly installed below the coal mining machine drum (11) and can receive the coal and rock scraped off by the coal mining machine drum (11). The rear conveyor (13) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the hydraulic support (1) and can receive the falling top coal. Crushing component (2), the crushing component (2) is fixedly installed on the rear conveyor (13), the crushing component (2) can crush the top coal falling on the rear conveyor (13) into small pieces; The buffer (3) is rotatably disposed inside the crushing component (2). The buffer (3) can buffer the impact force generated when the crushed coal blocks fall onto the rear conveyor (13).

2. The coal flow buffer and transportation device for underground coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The broken component (2) includes: A bracket (21) is fixedly mounted on the rear conveyor (13); Motor (22), the motor (22) is fixedly mounted on the top of the bracket (21); The active pulley (23) is rotatably mounted on the bracket (21) and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (22). Driven pulley (24) is rotatably mounted on the top of the bracket (21). The driven pulley (24) is parallel to the driving pulley (23), and the driving pulley (23) and the driven pulley (24) are connected by a belt (26). An eccentric shaft (25) is rotatably mounted on the top of the bracket (21), and the eccentric shaft (25) is fixedly connected to the driven pulley (24); The movable jaw plate (27) is slidably disposed in the gap of the bracket (21) and is fixedly connected to the eccentric shaft (25). Fixed jaw plate (28), the fixed jaw plate (28) is fixedly disposed in the gap of the bracket (21), and the fixed jaw plate (28) is fixedly connected to the end of the bracket (21) away from the movable jaw plate (27); A hydraulic rod (29) is fixedly connected at one end to the inner wall of the bracket (21), and at the other end to the fixed jaw plate (28) near the bracket (21).

3. The coal flow buffer and transportation device in an underground coal mine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer (3) includes: Handle (31), the handle (31) is rotatably mounted on the side wall of the bracket (21), and the handle (31) is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves (34) at intervals. A rotating shaft (32) is rotatably disposed within the bracket (21). The rotating shaft (32) is fixedly connected to the handle (31). The rotating shaft (32) is vertically provided with an extrusion groove (33). Movable rod (35), two movable rods (35) are arranged at intervals along the bracket (21), each movable rod (35) is slidably disposed in the bracket (21), and the movable rod (35) abuts against the extrusion groove (33); A connecting post (36) is provided at intervals along the movable rod (35), and each connecting post (36) is fixedly connected to the movable rod (35). The first spring (37) is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the connecting post (36), and each first spring (37) is fixedly connected to the corresponding connecting post (36); Two buffer plates (38) are provided, each buffer plate (38) is rotatably disposed in the gap of the bracket (21), and the buffer plate (38) is fixedly connected to the end of the first spring (37) away from the connecting column (36); Positioning ring (39), the positioning ring (39) is fixedly disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (32); Positioning pins (391), a plurality of positioning pins (391) are arranged at intervals along the positioning ring (39), and each positioning pin (391) is slidably disposed within the positioning ring (39); The second spring (392) is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the positioning pin (391). One end of each second spring (392) is fixedly connected to the positioning pin (391), and the other end of each second spring (392) is fixedly connected to the positioning ring (39). A rotating ring (393) is rotatably disposed on the outer periphery of the positioning ring (39). A plurality of push grooves (394) are spaced apart on the inner periphery of the rotating ring (393). The push grooves (394) are corresponding one-to-one with the positioning pins (391). The push grooves (394) and the end of the positioning pins (391) away from the positioning ring (391) abut against each other. A plurality of slots (395) are spaced apart on the surface of the rotating ring (393). A fixing block (396) is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the bracket (21), and the fixing block (396) is located directly above the rotating ring (393); A threaded knob (397) is rotatably disposed within the fixed block (396); A pressure block (398) is slidably disposed within the fixed block (396), and the pressure block (398) abuts against the threaded knob (397); The third spring (399) has one end fixedly connected to the pressure block (398) and the other end fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing block (396). A transmission block (3991) is slidably disposed in the pressure block (398). The transmission block (3991) abuts against the end of the pressure block (398) away from the fixed block (396). The transmission block (3991) is embedded in the slot (395). The fourth spring (3992) is fixedly connected at one end to the transmission block (3991) and at the other end to the inner wall of the fixing block (396).

4. A coal mine underground coal flow buffer and transportation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A cover plate (4) is fixedly installed on the bracket (21), and the driving pulley (23), the driven pulley (24), and the belt (26) are located inside the cover plate (4).

5. A coal mine underground coal flow buffer and transportation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Two third springs (399) are spaced apart along the pressure block (398).

6. A coal flow buffer and transport device for underground coal mines according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the buffer plates (38) has a buffer pad (5) fixedly installed at its top.

7. A coal mine underground coal flow buffer and transportation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The movable jaw plate (27) is fixedly provided with a plurality of breaking teeth (6) at one end near the fixed jaw plate (28).

8. A coal mine underground coal flow buffer and transportation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The surfaces of the movable jaw plate (27) and the fixed jaw plate (28) are coated with a wear-resistant coating.

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