Worm and gear speed reducer with high sealing performance

Abstract

The invention discloses a worm and gear speed reducer with high sealing performance, which relates to the technical field of speed reducers and comprises an upper box body, a lower box body, a worm gear assembly, a worm assembly, an input shaft, an output shaft, a sealing system, a cooling assembly and a pressure balance valve. The sealing system is fused with bionic design, a fluororubber bionic fold oil seal is arranged at a shaft extension part, and a stepped sealing groove and a polysulfide sealant are arranged on a box body junction surface and are matched with an oil blocking boss to form multi-stage protection; the cooling assembly is driven by a worm wheel cam, and active circulation cooling of lubricating oil is achieved through a piston and a tubular radiator. A waterproof breathable film is embedded in the pressure balance valve to balance air pressure inside and outside the box body and block impurities. According to the invention, the cooperation of bionic sealing leakage prevention, active cooling temperature control and pressure balance is realized, the sealing reliability and the heat dissipation efficiency are obviously improved, the aging of a sealing element and the deterioration of lubricating oil are effectively delayed, the service life of the whole machine is prolonged, and the device is suitable for scenes with strict requirements on sealing and transmission precision, such as automatic production lines and engineering machinery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of speed reducer technology, and specifically to a high-sealing worm gear reducer. Background Technology

[0002] Worm gear reducers, with their outstanding advantages such as large transmission ratio, compact structure, smooth operation, and low noise, have been widely used in many core industrial fields, including machinery manufacturing, automated production lines, warehousing and logistics equipment, and construction machinery. In actual working conditions, sealing performance and temperature control are the two core factors determining the service life and operational reliability of the reducer. Sealing failure will lead to lubricating oil leakage inside the gearbox, resulting in resource waste and pollution of the working environment. External dust, water vapor, corrosive media, and other impurities will also enter, aggravating the wear and corrosion of the worm gear and worm tooth surfaces, and in severe cases, causing transmission jamming. On the other hand, excessively high temperatures will accelerate the aging of seals and deterioration of lubricating oil, further amplifying the risk of sealing failure and forming a vicious cycle of "high temperature - sealing failure - transmission failure".

[0003] Existing worm gear reducers suffer from numerous technical shortcomings in both sealing structure and temperature control, failing to fully leverage efficient sealing mechanisms and active thermal management logic found in the biological world. This results in consistently limited overall performance: First, the connection points between the input and output shafts and the housing mostly rely on a single skeleton oil seal, lacking the multi-level barrier protection design found in the biological world. Under high-speed rotation, the oil seal lip is prone to wear against the shaft surface, leading to rapid deterioration of sealing performance and frequent oil leaks. Second, during reducer operation, the lubricating oil inside the housing heats up due to friction, causing it to expand and increasing internal pressure. This high pressure further pushes the lubricating oil to the outside, and the current technology lacks a "pressure self-adaptive" balancing design, exacerbating the risk of seal failure. Third, the sealing materials used in existing sealing structures are mostly ordinary rubber, which has poor resistance to high and low temperatures and corrosion. Under high temperature, low temperature, or corrosive environments, it is prone to aging and cracking, failing to meet the requirements of harsh conditions. Fourthly, many organisms in the biological world have evolved highly efficient biomimetic sealing structures, such as the folds at the shell openings of mollusks and the multi-stage valves of insect spiracles, to resist the intrusion of foreign objects and prevent the loss of body fluids. These structures achieve sealing by extending the permeation path through tortuous channels and adaptively fitting, possessing natural advantages such as reliable sealing and strong wear resistance. However, the existing reducer sealing design has not incorporated this biomimetic concept, making it difficult to achieve a breakthrough in sealing performance. Fifthly, the heat dissipation methods of existing reducers mostly rely on the natural heat dissipation of the housing or simple passive heat dissipation structures, lacking an active cooling design of "internal lubricating oil circulation + dedicated radiator". This makes it impossible to quickly dissipate the large amount of heat generated by meshing friction inside the housing, causing the lubricating oil to be in a high-temperature state for a long time. This not only accelerates the aging and cracking of the seals, but also causes the lubricating oil viscosity to decrease and deteriorate, weakening the lubrication effect and further aggravating the leakage of seals and the wear of transmission components, becoming a key bottleneck restricting the long-term stable operation of the reducer.

[0004] In response to the multiple shortcomings of the existing technologies in terms of sealing structure, temperature control, and design concept, there is an urgent need for a high-sealing worm gear reducer that integrates biomimetic sealing design, has internal lubricating oil circulation and active cooling function of radiator, high sealing reliability, can balance the internal and external pressure of the gearbox in real time, and is suitable for harsh working conditions. Through the dual innovation of "biomimetic sealing to prevent leakage + active cooling to control temperature", the sealing and heat dissipation problems of traditional reducers can be solved from the root, and a leapfrog improvement in comprehensive performance can be achieved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a high-sealing worm gear reducer, comprising an upper housing, a lower housing, a worm gear assembly, a worm assembly, an input shaft, an output shaft, a sealing system, a cooling assembly, and a pressure balancing valve. The worm gear assembly and the worm assembly are meshed within the housing cavity. The sealing system includes biomimetic pleated oil seals disposed at the shaft extensions of the input and output shafts. The biomimetic pleated oil seals are made of elastic material, and their sealing lip portions have a continuous biomimetic pleated structure extending circumferentially. The radial profile of the pleated structure is formed based on a sinusoidal wave equation in polar coordinates, which is used to form a multi-stage tortuous sealing channel at the shaft extension.

[0006] The biomimetic pleated oil seal includes an inner oil seal ring and an outer oil seal ring that are assembled together. The sealing surface of the inner oil seal ring is provided with a biomimetic pleated groove, and the corresponding surface of the outer oil seal ring is provided with a rotating protrusion that elastically fits the groove. The two together form the continuous biomimetic pleated structure.

[0007] The radial radius of the wave crest of the biomimetic pleated structure is determined by a function It is confirmed that, among them, The radius of the base circle of the outermost trough of the fold. The radial height difference between the crests and troughs of the folded wave. The wavenumber coefficients are positive integers. It is the polar angle.

[0008] The biomimetic pleated oil seal is made of fluororubber.

[0009] The cooling assembly includes a circulation tank, a piston, a drive rod, a crossbar, a spring, and a tubular radiator. The circulation tank is connected to the inner cavity of the housing. The piston is slidably disposed in the circulation tank. One end of the drive rod is connected to the piston, and the other end abuts against a cam on the worm gear assembly through the crossbar. The spring keeps the crossbar in contact with the cam. The tubular radiator is connected to the circulation tank and the inner cavity of the housing through pipes.

[0010] The pressure balancing valve is installed on the top of the chamber and has a waterproof and breathable membrane inside to balance the air pressure inside and outside the chamber and block external impurities.

[0011] The mating surfaces of the upper and lower housings are provided with stepped sealing grooves, which are filled with polysulfide sealant, and the edges of the mating surfaces are integrally formed with oil-blocking protrusions.

[0012] The worm gear ring of the worm gear assembly is made of tin bronze ZCuSn10P1, and the worm of the worm assembly is made of 20CrMnTi alloy steel that has undergone carburizing and quenching treatment.

[0013] The piston is equipped with a one-way valve to enable one-way flow of lubricating oil from the inner cavity of the housing to the circulation tank.

[0014] The reducer also includes sealing rings disposed at the shaft extensions of the input shaft and output shaft, which together with the biomimetic pleated oil seal constitute a multi-stage shaft extension seal. Beneficial effects

[0015] Breakthrough improvement in sealing performance, achieving a dual-protection closed loop: The sealing system of this invention integrates biomimetic design and structural optimization. The shaft extension part adopts a biomimetic pleated oil seal made of fluororubber, which draws inspiration from the tortuous sealing channel formed by the pleats of the shell opening of a shellfish, greatly extending the lubricating oil penetration path. Combined with a nitrile rubber sealing ring, it forms a multi-stage shaft extension seal, effectively preventing lubricating oil leakage and the intrusion of external dust and moisture. With the evenly distributed fastening bolts and 65Mn spring steel elastic washers, it ensures uniform compression of the mating surface, solving the leakage problem of micro-gap that is easy to generate in traditional flat seals, and improving the sealing reliability.

[0016] The core components are made of high-performance materials. The worm gear ring is made of wear-resistant and impact-resistant tin bronze ZCuSn10P1, and the worm is made of 20CrMnTi alloy steel that has been carburized and quenched to ensure wear resistance. The biomimetic pleated oil seal is made of fluororubber that is resistant to temperatures of -40℃ to 120℃ and is oil and corrosion resistant. The pressure balance valve filter is made of stainless steel 304 and the valve body is made of aluminum alloy 6061. The key components of the cooling assembly are made of 45 steel and stainless steel 304. All materials work together to adapt to complex working conditions such as high temperature, low temperature, corrosive media and dust, solving the problems of poor weather resistance and easy aging of traditional sealing materials.

[0017] Pressure-temperature coordinated control extends the service life of the entire machine: The pressure balancing valve, through a stainless steel 304 filter and a PTFE waterproof and breathable membrane, enables bidirectional gas flow between the inside and outside of the housing, balancing the high pressure generated by the expansion of lubricating oil in real time, preventing high pressure from driving lubricating oil leakage, and blocking the intrusion of external impurities; The cooling component relies on the cam drive of the worm gear assembly, which drives the piston to reciprocate through the crossbar and drive rod, and works with the check valve to achieve active circulation of lubricating oil. The oil is efficiently cooled by the tubular radiator, keeping the oil temperature below 80℃, reducing the aging of seals and the deterioration rate of lubricating oil. The synergistic effect of pressure balancing and active cooling extends the service life of the reducer.

[0018] The worm gear assembly and worm shaft assembly adopt a high-precision meshing fit, with the meshing surface coated with lithium-based grease. It is paired with cylindrical roller bearings to adapt to low-speed and heavy-load conditions, ensuring smooth transmission and low noise. The sealing system does not affect the rotational flexibility of the shaft system, the spring buffer design of the cooling component avoids impact on the drive mechanism, and the pressure balance valve does not damage the airtightness of the housing, achieving simultaneous improvement in transmission performance and sealing performance. It is suitable for automated production lines, construction machinery and other scenarios with stringent requirements for transmission accuracy and sealing. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a frontal view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear side of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention without the casing. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the worm gear assembly in the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the worm gear assembly in the present invention; Figure 7 This invention provides the design principle and schematic diagram of the biomimetic pleated oil seal. Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the biomimetic pleated oil seal in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the one-way valve structure in the cooling assembly of the present invention; [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image] 1: Upper housing; 2: Output shaft; 3: Lower housing; 4: Worm gear assembly; 401: Worm gear ring; 402: Worm gear hub; 403: Worm gear key; 404: Cam; 405: Worm gear bearing; 5: Worm assembly; 501: Worm; 502: Worm bearing; 6: Input shaft; 7: Fastening bolt; 8: Input shaft end cover; 801: Sealing ring; 9: Cooling assembly; 901: Crossbar; 902: Spring; 903: Drive rod; 904: Circulation box; 905: Piston; 906: Check valve; 9 061: Check valve inlet; 9062: Check valve outlet; 9063: Check valve core; 9064: Check valve body; 9065: Return spring; 907: Oil inlet; 908: Tubular radiator; 909: Oil return port; 10: Pressure balancing valve; 101: Filter screen; 102: Valve body; 103: Valve cover; 104: Balance port; 11: Input shaft end cap; 12: Output shaft end cap; 13: Bionic pleated oil seal; 131: Inner ring of oil seal; 132: Outer ring of oil seal; 14: Output shaft end cap. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] A high-sealing worm gear reducer includes an upper housing 1, a lower housing 3, a worm gear assembly 4, a worm assembly 5, an input shaft 6, an output shaft 2, a sealing system, a cooling assembly 9, and a pressure balancing valve 10.

[0022] The upper housing 1 and the lower housing 3 are fastened together by evenly distributed fastening bolts 7, with bolts 7 having a specification of M8 to M12. Elastic washers (made of 65Mn spring steel) are provided between the fastening bolts 7 and the mating surfaces of the housing to ensure uniform pressing of the mating surfaces. The worm gear assembly and the worm shaft assembly are meshed and connected and are located in the cavity enclosed by the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 3. The input shaft 6 is fixedly connected to the worm shaft assembly 5 by a flat key, and the output shaft 2 is fixedly connected to the worm gear assembly 4 by a worm gear key. The input shaft 6 extends out of the housing through the input shaft end cover 8 and the input shaft end cap 11, and the output shaft 2 extends out of the housing through the output shaft end cap 12. The sealing system covers the mating surface between the shaft extension and the housing. The cooling assembly 9 is connected to the inner cavity of the housing to achieve lubricating oil circulation cooling. The pressure balancing valve 10 is installed on the top of the housing to achieve air pressure balance.

[0023] The worm gear assembly 4 of this invention includes a worm gear ring 401, a worm gear hub 402, a worm gear key 403, a cam 404, and a worm gear bearing 405. The worm gear ring 401 is made of tin bronze ZCuSn10P1, the worm gear hub is made of gray cast iron, the worm gear key is made of 45# steel, the cam is made of 40Cr alloy steel, and the worm gear bearing 405 is a cylindrical roller bearing (grease-lubricated, suitable for low-speed, heavy-load conditions). The worm gear ring 401 is fixed to the outer ring of the worm gear hub 402 by an interference fit. The worm gear key 403 is embedded in the keyway between the worm gear hub 402 and the output shaft 2. The cam 404 is integrally formed on the end face of the worm gear hub 402. The worm gear bearing 405 is sleeved on both ends of the output shaft 2, with its outer ring having an interference fit with the housing bearing seat.

[0024] The worm gear assembly 5 of the present invention includes a worm 501 and a worm bearing 502. The worm 501 is made of 20CrMnTi alloy steel. After carburizing and quenching, the tooth surface hardness of this material can reach HRC58~62, and it has excellent wear resistance. The worm bearing 502 is a cylindrical roller bearing. Both ends of the worm 501 are supported in the housing bearing seat by the worm bearing 502. One end of the worm 501 is integrally formed with the input shaft 6, and the tooth surface meshes with the worm gear ring 401. The meshing surface is coated with lithium-based grease.

[0025] The sealing system of this invention includes a shaft extension seal and a housing mating surface seal. The shaft extension seal refers to the arrangement of corresponding sealing components at both ends of the output shaft 2 and the input shaft 6, including an input shaft end cap 8, an input shaft end cap 11, a sealing ring 801, a biomimetic pleated oil seal 13, an output shaft end cap 14, an output shaft end cap, etc. 12. The biomimetic pleated oil seal 13 is made of fluororubber (temperature resistant, oil resistant, and corrosion resistant), and its pleat pattern is set with 3 to 4 sets to achieve a better sealing effect. Its structural design is inspired by the pleated structure of the shell opening of shellfish such as abalone and mussels, which have evolved irregular pleats and serrations at the shell opening. The structure, including protrusions and grooves, forms a tortuous channel that can prevent mud, sand, and parasites from entering the body, while also preventing the loss of bodily fluids and mucus. Inspired by this, the biomimetic pleated oil seal can effectively improve its sealing performance and reliability. The sealing of the box joint surface is composed of the upper box 1 and the lower box 3. The joint surface has stepped sealing grooves (the shallow groove on the inner side is 2~3mm deep, and the deep groove on the outer side is 4~6mm deep). The grooves are filled with polysulfide sealant. The edge of the joint surface is integrally formed with an oil-blocking protrusion to prevent lubricating oil from directly impacting the sealant layer. The upper and lower boxes 3 are tightened by fastening bolts and nuts.

[0026] The pressure balancing valve 10 of the present invention includes a filter screen 101, a valve body 102, a valve cover 103, and a balancing port 104 as its main structures. The filter screen 101 is made of stainless steel 304 material (pore size 0.1~0.2mm, filtering impurities). The valve body 102 and the valve cover 103 are made of aluminum alloy 6061 material. The valve body 102 is fixed to the mounting hole on the top of the housing by a threaded connection. The valve cover 103 is snap-fitted to the valve body 102. The filter screen 101 is set at the air inlet end of the valve body 102. The balancing port 104 is connected to the outside. The waterproof and breathable membrane is fixed inside the valve body 102 by a pressure ring, realizing bidirectional airflow between the inside and outside of the housing and blocking impurities.

[0027] The cooling assembly 9 of the present invention includes a crossbar 901, a spring 902, a drive rod 903, a circulation tank 904, a piston 905, a one-way valve 906, an oil inlet 907, a tubular radiator 908, and an oil return port 909. The circulation tank 904 is fixed inside the lower housing 3. The piston 905 is slidably disposed inside the circulation tank 904. One end of the drive rod 903 is hinged to the piston 905, and the other end abuts against the cam 404 of the worm gear assembly 4 through the crossbar 901. The spring is sleeved on both sides of the drive rod 903, abutting against the drive rod 903 and the crossbar 901 respectively. The tubular radiator 908 is connected to the oil inlet 907 and the oil return port. 909 is connected to the inner cavity of the housing. A one-way valve 906 is set in the piston plate to realize one-way circulation of lubricating oil. During operation, cam 404 rotates with worm gear assembly 4. When the long end of cam 404 rotates downward, it pushes drive rod 903 to drive piston downward. At the same time, cross rod 901 is always in contact with cam 404 under the action of spring 902, so that drive rod 903 will not drop abruptly. When the long end of cam 404 rotates upward, it pushes cross rod 901 to move upward. At the same time, spring drives drive rod 903 to move upward, pumping the high temperature lubricating oil in the housing into the tubular radiator for cooling and then returning, reducing the oil temperature to protect the seals.

[0028] In this embodiment, the worm gear assembly 4 requires pre-assembly processing: the worm gear ring 401 is made of tin bronze ZCuSn10P1, and the worm gear hub 402 is made of gray cast iron. The worm gear ring 401 is press-fitted and fixed to the outer ring of the worm gear hub 402 through an interference fit process to ensure that the mating surfaces are without gaps and fit tightly; the worm gear key 403 is made of 45# steel and is embedded in the keyway corresponding to the output shaft 2 in the worm gear hub 402. After trial assembly, it is ensured that the output shaft 2 and the worm gear hub 402 can rotate synchronously; the cam 404 is made of 40Cr alloy steel and is integrally formed with the worm gear hub 402. The flatness of the end face of the cam 404 is checked to ensure that there are no burrs or protrusions; the worm gear bearing 405 is a cylindrical roller bearing, which is respectively sleeved on the shoulders at both ends of the output shaft 2 to ensure that the inner ring of the bearing is interference-fitted with the output shaft 2 and rotates smoothly.

[0029] Worm Gear Assembly Pre-treatment: Worm 501 is made of 20CrMnTi alloy steel. After carburizing and quenching, the tooth surface hardness reaches HRC58~62. Check the tooth surface accuracy and surface roughness of worm 501 to ensure there is no wear or scratches. The worm bearing 502 is a cylindrical roller bearing, which is respectively fitted onto both ends of worm 501 to ensure that worm 501 can rotate freely without radial movement after the bearing is installed in place. One end of worm 501 is integrally formed with input shaft 6. Check that the coaxiality error between the two is ≤0.02mm to ensure smooth transmission.

[0030] Specifically, the sealing ring 801 is made of nitrile rubber. Its dimensional accuracy and surface integrity are checked to ensure there is no damage or deformation. The biomimetic pleated oil seal 13 is made of fluororubber (temperature resistant -40℃~120℃). Its specific biomimetic prototype is the pleated edge of the shell aperture of the abalone (Haliotis discus hannai), a species whose pleated shell aperture has a stable shape and uniform size. Figure 7 As shown, the biomimetic pleated oil seal 13 is assembled from two core components: an inner oil seal ring 131 and an outer oil seal ring 132. The inner oil seal ring 131 has a continuous biomimetic pleated groove on one side, with the base circle radius of the outermost pleat being [missing information]. r 0, the radial height difference between the crest and trough of the fold is h The radial profile is described by a sinusoidal wave equation in polar coordinates, and the radial radius of the folded wave crest is represented by the following function ( θ (where is the polar angle, in the range [0, 2π)). r ( θ )= r 0+ h |sin( nθ )∣; in n It is a positive integer, called the "wavenumber coefficient," which directly determines the entire shape within a circle (0 ≤ 0). θ The number of radial protrusions within <2π) determines the shape of its folded inner wall by offsetting its curve radially 6mm toward the center.

[0031] In addition, such as Figure 8 The inner ring 131 and outer ring 132 of the oil seal shown have three sets of annular pleats in the middle. The annular pleats of the inner ring 131 are grooved around the central axis of the oil seal by rotating a circle with a radius of 1.4 mm. The pleats of the outer ring 132 are rotated around the central axis of the oil seal by rotating a circle with a radius of 1.4 mm to create a rotating protrusion. The inner and outer rings fit together elastically, forming a complete oil seal structure. The overall dimensional characteristics of the biomimetic pleated oil seal 13 in this embodiment are as follows: r 0=34mm, h =40mm, r 1 = 50mm, r 2=47.5mm, r 3=44mm, r 4 = 17.5mm, R 1 = 5mm, R 2 = 1.4 mm, t 0=24mm The above r 1 represents the maximum inner diameter of the outer ring of the oil seal, which is 132. r2 represents the maximum outer diameter of the inner ring 131 of the oil seal. r 3 represents the maximum outer diameter of the oil seal transition zone. r 4 represents the inner diameter of the oil seal through-hole. R 1 represents the radius of the arc-shaped transition fillet of the oil seal. R 2 represents the radius of the crest arc of the biomimetic folds. t 0 represents the total axial thickness of the oil seal.

[0032] After the oil seal is assembled, check the integrity of the oil seal folds and protrusions to ensure that the sealing cavity structure is intact; stir the polysulfide sealant evenly in advance to ensure that there are no particles or air bubbles, and set it aside.

[0033] Specifically, the pre-treated worm gear assembly 4 is placed into the bearing housing of the lower housing 3, so that the outer ring of the worm gear bearing 405 is interference-fitted with the bearing housing; then the worm assembly 5 is installed in the corresponding bearing housing of the lower housing 3, and the meshing clearance between the worm 501 and the worm gear ring 401 is adjusted and controlled within the range of 0.1~0.2mm to ensure smooth meshing without jamming. Lithium-based grease is evenly applied to the meshing surface to achieve lubrication and friction reduction.

[0034] Specifically, a sealing ring 801 is embedded in the sealing groove of the input shaft end cover 8, and the input shaft end cover 8 is fixed to the input end port of the lower housing 3 with bolts to ensure that the sealing ring 801 fits tightly with the input shaft 6; the input shaft end cap 11 is installed on the other end of the input shaft 6, which cooperates with the input shaft end cover 8 to form double protection; a bionic pleated oil seal 13 is press-fitted into the oil seal mounting holes of the input shaft end cover 8 and the output shaft 2 end cover 14, ensuring that the oil seal lip faces the inside of the housing, and the pleated protrusions fit snugly with the surface of the output shaft 2 without gaps.

[0035] Specifically, at the mating surface between the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 3, check the cleanliness of the stepped sealing groove (inner shallow groove depth 2~3mm, outer deep groove depth 4~6mm) to ensure there is no oil or impurities; uniformly fill the sealing groove with polysulfide sealant to a depth of not less than 80% of the deep groove depth to ensure the sealant completely covers the groove; check the integrally formed oil-blocking protrusion at the edge of the mating surface to ensure there is no deformation or damage, and that it can effectively block the impact of lubricating oil.

[0036] Specifically, the upper housing 1 is precisely placed on top of the lower housing 3, aligning the bolt holes of the upper and lower housings 3. 65Mn spring steel elastic washers are installed on the thread of each fastening bolt 7 (specification M8~M12). The fastening bolts 7 are tightened in sequence using a diagonal and uniform tightening method. The tightening torque is controlled at 45~60N・m to ensure that the mating surfaces of the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 3 are pressed evenly without warping or gaps.

[0037] Specifically, the filter screen 101 of the pressure balancing valve 10 is made of stainless steel 304 (pore size 0.1~0.2mm), and the valve body 102 and valve cover 103 are made of aluminum alloy 6061. The filter screen 101 is installed on the air inlet end of the valve body 102, and the waterproof and breathable membrane is fixed inside the valve body 102 by a pressure ring. Then, the valve body 102 is fixed in the mounting hole on the top of the upper housing 1 by a threaded connection to ensure communication with the inner cavity of the housing. The valve cover 103 is fixed to the valve body 102 by a snap-fit ​​connection. Check that the balance port 104 is unobstructed and has no blockage.

[0038] Specifically, the crossbar 901 and drive rod 903 of the cooling assembly 9 are made of 45# steel, the spring 902 is made of 65Mn spring steel, the circulation box 904, the tubular radiator 908, the oil inlet 907, and the oil return port 909 are made of 304 stainless steel, and the piston 905 is made of aluminum alloy. The circulation box 904 is fixed in a preset position inside the lower box 3, and the piston 905 is slidably installed into the circulation box 904. One end of the drive rod 903 is integrally welded to the piston 905, and the other end is abutted against the cam 404 of the worm gear assembly 4 through the crossbar 901. Next, adjust the contact gap to 0.1~0.2mm to ensure that the cam 404 and the drive rod are always in contact; put the spring 902 on both sides of the drive rod 903, and abut against the inner wall of the circulation box 904 and the crossbar 901 respectively, to ensure that the spring 902 is in a pre-tight state and the crossbar 901 is always in contact with the cam 404; connect the tubular radiator 908 to the inner cavity of the box through the oil inlet 907 and the oil return 909 to ensure that the pipeline connection is sealed and leak-free; install the one-way valve 906 in the valve hole of the piston 905, with the one-way valve inlet 9061 facing upward. When the cooling components are running, the cam 404 rotates, driving the drive rod 903, piston 905, etc. to reciprocate up and down. When the piston 905 moves downward, the one-way valve core 9063 closes the oil inlet under the action of the return spring 9065, so that the oil in the circulation box 904 can be forced into the tubular radiator 908 through the oil outlet 907 and finally flow back to the gearbox cavity through the return oil outlet 909. When the piston 905 moves upward, the one-way valve core 9063 is opened by the oil pressure in the gearbox cavity, and the oil enters from the one-way valve inlet 9061 and flows into the circulation box 904 from the one-way valve outlet 9062.

[0039] The above embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Various modifications, alterations, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-sealing worm gear reducer, comprising an upper housing (1), a lower housing (3), a worm gear assembly (4), a worm gear assembly (5), an input shaft (6), an output shaft (2), a sealing system, a cooling assembly (9), and a pressure balancing valve (10), wherein the worm gear assembly (4) and the worm gear assembly (5) are meshed within the housing cavity, characterized in that: The sealing system includes a biomimetic pleated oil seal (13) disposed at the shaft extension of the input shaft (6) and the output shaft (2). The biomimetic pleated oil seal (13) is made of elastic material and its sealing lip is provided with a continuous biomimetic pleated structure extending in the circumferential direction. The radial profile of the pleated structure is formed based on the sinusoidal wave equation in polar coordinates, which is used to form a multi-level tortuous sealing channel at the shaft extension.

2. The high-sealing worm gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomimetic pleated oil seal (13) includes an inner oil seal ring (131) and an outer oil seal ring (132) that are assembled together. The sealing surface of the inner oil seal ring (131) is provided with a biomimetic pleated groove, and the corresponding surface of the outer oil seal ring (132) is provided with a rotating protrusion that elastically fits the groove. The two are combined to form the continuous biomimetic pleated structure.

3. The high-sealing worm gear reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radial radius of the crest of the biomimetic pleated structure is determined by a function. It is confirmed that, among them, The radius of the base circle of the outermost trough of the fold. The radial height difference between the crests and troughs of the folded wave. The wavenumber coefficients are positive integers. It is the polar angle.

4. The high-sealing worm gear reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The biomimetic pleated oil seal (13) is made of fluororubber.

5. A high-sealing worm gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling assembly (9) includes a circulation tank (904), a piston (905), a drive rod (903), a crossbar (901), a spring (902), and a tubular radiator (908). The circulation tank (904) is connected to the inner cavity of the housing. The piston (905) is slidably disposed in the circulation tank (904). One end of the drive rod (903) is connected to the piston (905), and the other end abuts against the cam (404) on the worm gear assembly (4) through the crossbar (901). The spring (902) keeps the crossbar (901) in contact with the cam (404). The tubular radiator (908) is connected to the circulation tank (904) and the inner cavity of the housing through a pipe.

6. The high-sealing worm gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure balancing valve (10) is installed on the top of the box and has a waterproof and breathable membrane inside to balance the air pressure inside and outside the box and block external impurities.

7. A high-sealing worm gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper box (1) and the lower box (3) are provided with stepped sealing grooves, which are filled with polysulfide sealant, and the edges of the joint surfaces are integrally formed with oil-blocking protrusions.

8. A high-sealing worm gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The worm gear ring (401) of the worm gear assembly (4) is made of tin bronze ZCuSn10P1, and the worm (501) of the worm assembly (5) is made of 20CrMnTi alloy steel that has been carburized and quenched.

9. A high-sealing worm gear reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The piston (905) is equipped with a one-way valve (906) to enable the lubricating oil to flow unidirectionally from the inner cavity of the housing to the circulation tank (904).

10. A high-sealing worm gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reducer also includes a sealing ring (801) disposed on the shaft extension of the input shaft (6) and the output shaft (2), which together with the bionic pleated oil seal (13) constitute a multi-stage shaft extension seal.

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