Loading and unloading operation and driving organization collaborative optimization method for combined transportation port and station

Abstract

The invention discloses a collaborative optimization method for loading and unloading operation and driving organization of a combined transportation port station, and relates to the technical field of combined transportation scheduling. Comprising the following steps: acquiring port station equipment information, cargo stockpiling information and a port arrival train marshalling plan; constructing a port station equipment application and train pull-in and pull-out time collaborative optimization model, and optimizing and generating combined transport scheduling scheme information and driving organization scheme information including a port station mechanical loading and unloading operation plan, a departure train packing sequence and a train arrival and departure plan based on the port station equipment information and the cargo stockpiling information; transmitting the optimized combined transport scheduling scheme information and the optimized driving organization scheme information to a transport link carrier; and carrying out transportation according to the cargo loading and unloading operation plan and the train operation scheme, and generating a data information flow of the whole process of combined transportation. According to the method, combined dispatching of port station end loading and unloading operation and railway train operation organization in a railway-iron combined transportation mode is achieved, and the overall transportation efficiency is improved while the container storage cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail-water intermodal transport scheduling technology, specifically to a method for coordinating and optimizing loading and unloading operations and train operation at rail-water intermodal port stations. Background Technology

[0002] Intermodal rail-water transport is a key project in the construction of a modern integrated transportation system, playing a crucial role in optimizing the transportation structure and improving logistics efficiency. However, in actual operation, delays in cross-system information exchange between rail and water, and the lack of data sharing standards, lead to losses in the efficiency of rail-water connection. Intermodal rail-water transport, through the connection of railways and waterways, has the advantages of low cost, large capacity, green and low-carbon operation, and wide coverage, which can significantly improve logistics efficiency and reduce overall transportation costs.

[0003] However, the existing technologies for coordinating and optimizing the operation and train operation of intermodal port stations have the following shortcomings: 1. Existing rail-water intermodal transport optimization mainly focuses on the connection with ship time windows and transshipment, or on optimizing train spatial formation and container loading plans, but ignores the interaction between train operation and loading and unloading operation plans, and lacks effective train operation organization schemes to cope with different transportation scenarios and related constraints.

[0004] 2. Existing multi-equipment collaborative scheduling technology for railway ports and stations mainly focuses on optimizing the operation time of loading and unloading machinery, but ignores the temporary storage cost of containers in the yard, which increases the burden on the port and station yard.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a technology for the coordinated optimization of port and station loading and unloading operations and train operation plans, while taking into account the temporary storage costs of containers, in order to shorten the train's dwell time at the station and increase the operational efficiency of the port and station, is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for the coordinated optimization of loading and unloading operations and train operation organization at rail-water intermodal port stations. This invention enables multi-equipment coordinated scheduling and train arrival / departure planning at railway port stations while meeting container storage limitations. It achieves the transshipment of containerized goods in the rail-water intermodal transport mode by using loading and unloading capacity as a constraint and train dwell time and container residing time as objectives. Simultaneously, it provides a method for data sharing in interconnected scenarios, effectively improving overall operational efficiency and reducing transportation costs.

[0007] The technical means employed in this invention are as follows: A method for coordinating and optimizing loading and unloading operations and train operation at a rail-water intermodal port station includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain port and station equipment information and cargo storage information provided by the port operator; obtain the train formation plan for arriving trains provided by the railway operator; Step 2: Based on port and station equipment information, cargo storage information, and arriving train formation plan, construct an objective function to minimize train dwell time in port, container loading and unloading operation time, container demurrage time, and truck waiting time. Construct a collaborative optimization model for port and station equipment utilization and train traction and departure time. Based on the port and station equipment information and cargo storage information, optimize and generate intermodal dispatching scheme information and train operation organization scheme information, including port and station mechanical loading and unloading operation plan, departing train container loading sequence, and train arrival and departure plan. Step 3: Transmit the optimized intermodal transport scheduling plan and train operation plan information to the carriers in the transportation process, so that the carriers can formulate cargo loading and unloading operation plans and train operation plans accordingly; Step 4: Transport according to the cargo loading and unloading operation plan and train operation plan. During the transportation process, the container number is used to verify and record the cargo information. At the same time, the time information of each link in the transportation process is recorded to generate a data information flow of the entire rail-water intermodal transport process.

[0008] Furthermore, the port and station equipment information includes the number of yard cranes, the location of the yard crane operation area, the license plate number of the container trucks, and the container truck arrival schedule; Cargo storage information includes container numbers and the container's storage location at the port station; The train formation plan for arriving at the port includes the train number and the corresponding container number.

[0009] Furthermore, the objective function is:

[0010] In the formula, The total objective function value, For the assembly of trains, A collection of container tasks. A set of discrete time points, A collection of cards, , All are variables that take the value 0 or 1, representing the train respectively. exist Departure and arrival times at ports of call , All are variables that take the value 0 or 1, representing the field bridge respectively. exist End and start of container processing tasks , , All are variables that take the value 0 or 1, representing the container truck respectively. exist Departure and arrival times at ports of call , All are variables that take the value 0 or 1, representing container tasks respectively. exist The end and start of temporary storage in the yard. , , , These are the target weight values ​​for train dwell time in port, container loading and unloading time, container demurrage time, and truck waiting time, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the constraints of the port station equipment utilization and train traction time collaborative optimization model include: the continuity constraint of train arrival and departure plans, the continuity constraint of yard crane handling of container loading and unloading operations, the feasibility constraint of yard crane connecting different types of container tasks, the continuity constraint of truck handling of container tasks, and the constraint of consistent container number when containers temporarily stored in the yard are handled by the yard crane again.

[0012] Furthermore, the continuity constraints of train arrival and departure schedules include: 1) The arrival time of the following train must be later than the departure time of the preceding train, and the minimum safe interval between trains must be met:

[0013] In the formula, It is an infinitely large positive integer. A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing a train. Arrival station on the train after, Given parameters, this means that the train arriving immediately after the previous train can only enter the port after at least a certain period of time since the previous train departed. 2) Each train may only enter or leave the port once:

[0014]

[0015] 3) Except for the first and last trains, each train may be followed by only one other train:

[0016]

[0017] In the formula, , All are sets The elements represent the virtual first train to enter the port station and the virtual last train to enter the port station. A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing a train. Arrival station on the train Before; 4) Container handling must begin after the train arrives.

[0018] In the formula, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing a container task. Need to go to the train Loading; 5) Each container shipment can only be loaded onto a maximum of one train:

[0019] 6) The container load carried by the train must meet its capacity constraints:

[0020] In the formula, Given parameters, representing the train The total number of containers carried and containers awaiting loading; 7) This indicates that the virtual first train will not follow any other train and must be followed by one other train:

[0021]

[0022] 8) This indicates that the virtual last train must follow any train, but cannot be followed by any train:

[0023]

[0024] 9) This indicates that the arrival and departure times of the virtual first train are both 0:

[0025]

[0026] 10) This indicates that the arrival and departure times of the virtual last train are the same:

[0027] 11) This indicates that the departure time of the virtual first train is the same as the arrival time of the immediately following train:

[0028] 12) This indicates that the arrival time of the virtual last train is the same as the departure time of the train it follows:

[0029] 13) This indicates that the container loading task assigned to the train must be completed before the train departs from the port:

[0030] 14) This indicates that the unloading of containers carried by the train must be completed after the train arrives at the port:

[0031] In the formula, A known variable taking the value 0 or 1, representing a container task. Need to get from the train Upload / Unload.

[0032] Furthermore, the continuity constraints for yard cranes handling container loading and unloading operations include: 1) A container can only be handled by one yard crane at a time:

[0033]

[0034] 2) Except for virtual container tasks, container tasks must have one preceding task and one succeeding task:

[0035]

[0036] In the formula, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing the field bridge. Container handling tasks It is a container mission The subsequent tasks, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing the field bridge. Container handling tasks It is a container mission The prerequisite task, All are collections of container tasks The elements represent the virtual first container task and the virtual last container task, respectively; 3) The preceding and following tasks for each container shipment must be handled by the same yard crane:

[0037] 4) The end time of a container handling task by a yard crane is the start time plus the transportation time from the starting position to the ending position:

[0038]

[0039]

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] In the formula, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing a container task. The target container position is the first Ranked List, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing a container task. The initial container position is the first Ranked List, , The coordinates of the container locations in the yard and at the loading / unloading line. The average moving speed of the bridge. , These are auxiliary variables that take positive integer values, used to linearize the absolute values ​​of the differences in the horizontal and vertical coordinates, respectively. A known parameter that is a positive integer, representing the time it takes for the yard crane to pick up or drop off a container. 5) If the tasks handled by the yard cranes do not belong to the same train, the start time of the immediately following container task must be later than the arrival time of the train to which it belongs:

[0043] 6) The start time of the immediately following container task must be later than the end time of the previous container task plus the end time of the yard crane moving from the end position of the preceding task to the start position of the subsequent task:

[0044]

[0045]

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] in, , These are auxiliary variables that take positive integer values ​​and are used to linearize the absolute values ​​of the differences in the horizontal and vertical coordinates, respectively. 7) This indicates that the virtual first container task will not follow any other container tasks and must be followed by one container task:

[0049]

[0050] 8) This indicates that the virtual last container task must follow a container task, but cannot be followed by any other container task:

[0051]

[0052] 9) Indicates that the start and end processing times for the first virtual container task are both 0:

[0053]

[0054] 10) This indicates that the start and end times of the virtual last container task are the same:

[0055] 11) This indicates that the completion time of the first virtual container task is the same as the start time of the immediately following container task:

[0056] 12) This indicates that the start time of the virtual last container task is the same as the end time of the container task that follows it:

[0057] 13) Indicates the working areas of all yard bridges:

[0058]

[0059] In the formula, All are known parameters with positive integer values, representing the field bridge. The minimum and maximum horizontal working areas.

[0060] Furthermore, the feasibility constraints for connecting different types of container shipments by yard cranes include: 1) All containers will be allocated to a maximum of one target container slot:

[0061] 2) Indicates the sequential processing relationship between two container tasks, including but not limited to immediate subsequent processing:

[0062] In the formula, , The variable takes the value 0 or 1, representing the container task respectively. In the mission Previous processing, or container tasks In the mission Then proceed with the processing. and They are all collections of container tasks. The elements are not equal; 3) When two container tasks share a single yard location, the start time of the subsequent container task must be greater than the end time of the preceding task:

[0063] In the formula, and The set of x and y coordinates of the working area 4) For imported containers, the transshipment direction is either by train or by container yard:

[0064] In the formula, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, indicating that the container shipment needs to be temporarily stored in the yard. A collection of tasks related to importing containers; 5) For export containers, the transshipment direction is either truck or yard:

[0065] In the formula, A variable taking the value 0 or 1, representing the container task requirements and truck... To connect, A collection of export container tasks; 6) Indicates the target container allocation range for imported container shipments if the transshipment direction is by train:

[0066]

[0067] In the formula, Indicates the vertical coordinate of the loading / unloading line; 7) Indicates the target container allocation range for export container shipments where the transshipment direction is by truck:

[0068]

[0069] In the formula, Indicates the vertical coordinate of the truck lane; 8) If the container's initial location is in the railway yard, it can only be transferred to a port or train.

[0070] 9) Indicates the target container location allocation range for import / export container tasks that require temporary storage in the yard:

[0071]

[0072] In the formula, , This represents the minimum and maximum values ​​of the vertical coordinate of the storage yard.

[0073] Furthermore, the continuity constraints for container truck handling tasks include: 1) Each truck can only accept one mission:

[0074] 2) Each container shipment can be transported by a maximum of one truck:

[0075] 3) If the yard crane needs to connect with a container truck while handling container tasks, it must wait for the truck to arrive:

[0076] 4) If a truck does not bring a container into the port, it must wait until its assigned container task is completed before leaving the terminal:

[0077] 5) If a truck carrying containers enters the port terminal, it must wait until the containers it is carrying are picked up by the yard crane before it can leave the terminal: .

[0078] 6) This indicates that each truck can only enter or leave the port station once: .

[0079] Furthermore, the constraint that container numbers must match when containers temporarily stored in the yard are handled again by the yard crane includes: 1) When trains and trucks enter the port, the container tasks they carry have mapped tasks. When a container task needs to be stored in the yard, the mapped task is activated:

[0080]

[0081] In the formula, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing a container task. For container missions The mapping task, For auxiliary variables that take the value of positive integers, it represents and container mission There is a mapping relationship; 2) If an imported container shipment requires temporary storage in the yard, its mapped shipment needs to be connected to a train:

[0082] 3) If an export container task requires temporary storage in a yard, its mapped task needs to be connected to a truck:

[0083] 4) If a container task has a mapped task, its end time should be earlier than the start time of the mapped task:

[0084] 5) If a container task has a mapping task, its target container location is the starting container location of the mapping container task:

[0085]

[0086] 6) This indicates that the container's temporary storage start time is equal to the end time of its own loading and unloading task:

[0087] 7) This indicates that the temporary storage end time of the container is equal to the start time of the mapped container loading and unloading task:

[0088] 8) This indicates that when the container mapping task is not activated, its start processing time is equal to the end processing time of the preceding task:

[0089] 9) This indicates that when the container mapping task is not activated, its end processing time is equal to the start processing time of the subsequent task:

[0090] 10) This indicates that when the container mapping task is not activated, its end processing time is equal to the start processing time of the subsequent task:

[0091] .

[0092] Furthermore, the time information of each node in the transportation process is recorded to generate a data flow of the entire rail-water intermodal transport process, including: From the shipper, the container is transported to the railway port station by the railway carrier. When the transportation begins, the container number, train number and departure time are recorded. After arriving at the port station, the container number and train number are verified and recorded, and the time when the container cargo enters the port is recorded. During port operations, record the stacking location and start time of containers. When loading and unloading operations begin, record the model of the yard crane used and the container number it carries. The connection between the port and the railway station is made by truck transportation. The road carrier checks the container number on the waybill against the container number on the waterway. After confirming that there is no error, the goods are released and the departure time and truck license plate are recorded. After arriving at the port, the arrival time of the truck is recorded. When handing over the container with the yard crane, the model of the yard crane and the start time of the handover are recorded. After the handover is completed, the handover completion time and the departure time of the truck are recorded. Before loading containers onto trucks, the container number must be confirmed again. After all loading work is completed, the train number and departure time of the departing train must be recorded.

[0093] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention optimizes train arrival and departure timetables and departure formation plans while considering loading and unloading operation scheduling, so that the train timetable matches the container loading and unloading plan. It also considers container dwell and transshipment constraints while optimizing loading and unloading machinery and trucks, thereby accelerating the flow of containers within the port, reducing container dwell costs, shortening train dwell time, and improving the operational efficiency of the port. Attached Figure Description To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0094] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a collaborative optimization method for loading and unloading operations and train operation organization at a rail-water intermodal port station, as proposed by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0095] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0096] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a method for coordinating and optimizing loading and unloading operations and train operation at a rail-water intermodal port station, which mainly includes the following steps.

[0097] Step 1: In the interconnection scenario, obtain port and station equipment information and cargo storage information provided by the port operator; obtain the train formation plan for arriving at the port provided by the railway operator.

[0098] Specifically, the information provided by port operators regarding loading and unloading equipment includes the number of yard cranes and their operating areas, as well as the license plate numbers and arrival schedules of container trucks; the information on cargo storage at ports and stations includes container numbers and their storage locations at ports and stations; and the information provided by railway operators regarding the train formation plans for arriving at the port includes train numbers and the container numbers they carry.

[0099] Step 2: Based on port and station equipment information, cargo storage information, and arriving train formation plans, construct an objective function to minimize train dwell time in port, container loading and unloading operation time, container demurrage time, and truck waiting time. Construct a collaborative optimization model for port and station equipment utilization and train traction and departure time. Based on the port and station equipment information and cargo storage information, optimize and generate intermodal dispatching scheme information, including port and station mechanical loading and unloading operation plans, departing train container loading sequence, and train arrival and departure plans, as well as train operation organization scheme information.

[0100] Specifically, the overall objective function of the collaborative optimization model for loading and unloading operations and train operation organization at the rail-water intermodal port station is as follows: (1) In the formula, The total objective function value, For the assembly of trains, A collection of container tasks. A set of discrete time points, A collection of collectible cards. , The variable takes the value 0 or 1, representing the train respectively. exist Departure and arrival times at ports of call , The variable takes the value 0 or 1, representing the field bridge respectively. exist End and start of container processing tasks , , The variable takes the value 0 or 1, representing the card respectively. exist Departure and arrival times at ports of call , The variable is either 0 or 1, representing the container task respectively. exist The time of the end and the start of temporary storage in the yard. , , , These are the weight values ​​for the target time of trains staying in port, the target time of container loading and unloading operations, the target time of container demurrage, and the target time of truck waiting.

[0101] Furthermore, the continuity constraints of train arrival and departure schedules specifically include the following: 1) This indicates that the arrival time of the next train must be later than the departure time of the preceding train, and the minimum safe interval between trains must be met:

[0102] In the formula, It is an infinitely large positive integer. A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing a train. Arrival station on the train after. Given parameters, this means that the train arriving immediately after the previous train can only enter the port station at least some time after the previous train has departed.

[0103] 2) This indicates that each train can only enter or leave the port once:

[0104]

[0105] 3) Except for the first and last trains, each train may be followed by only one other train:

[0106]

[0107] 4) This indicates that container handling will begin after the train arrives.

[0108] In the formula, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing a container task. Need to go to the train Loading.

[0109] 5) This indicates that each container shipment can be loaded onto a maximum of one train:

[0110] 6) This indicates that the container load carried by the train must meet its capacity constraints:

[0111] In the formula, Given parameters, representing the train The total number of containers carried and containers awaiting loading; 7) This indicates that the virtual first train will not follow any other train and must be followed by one other train:

[0112]

[0113] 8) This indicates that the virtual last train must follow any train, but cannot be followed by any train:

[0114]

[0115] 9) This indicates that the arrival and departure times of the virtual first train are both 0:

[0116]

[0117] 10) This indicates that the arrival and departure times of the virtual last train are the same:

[0118] 11) This indicates that the departure time of the virtual first train is the same as the arrival time of the immediately following train:

[0119] 12) This indicates that the arrival time of the virtual last train is the same as the departure time of the train it follows:

[0120] 13) This indicates that the container loading task assigned to the train must be completed before the train departs from the port:

[0121] 14) This indicates that the unloading of containers carried by the train must be completed after the train arrives at the port:

[0122] In the formula, A known variable taking the value 0 or 1, representing a container task. Need to get from the train Upload / Unload.

[0123] Furthermore, the continuity constraints for yard cranes handling container loading and unloading operations specifically include the following: 1) This indicates that a container can only be handled by one yard crane at a time:

[0124]

[0125] 2) Except for virtual container tasks, container tasks must have one preceding task and one succeeding task:

[0126]

[0127] In the formula, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing the field bridge. Container handling tasks It is a container mission The subsequent tasks. A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing the field bridge. Container handling tasks It is a container mission The prerequisite task, All are collections of container tasks The elements represent the virtual first container task and the virtual last container task, respectively.

[0128] 3) The preceding and following tasks for each container shipment must be handled by the same yard crane:

[0129] 4) The end time of a container handling task by a yard crane is the start time plus the transportation time from the starting position to the ending position:

[0130]

[0131]

[0132]

[0133]

[0134] In the formula, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing a container task. The target container position is the first Ranked List. A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing a container task. The initial container position is the first Ranked List. , The coordinates of the container locations in the yard and at the loading / unloading line. This represents the average moving speed of the bridge. , These are auxiliary variables that take positive integer values, used to linearize the absolute values ​​of the differences in the horizontal and vertical coordinates, respectively. The known parameter is a positive integer, representing the time it takes for the yard crane to pick up or drop off a container.

[0135] 5) The start time of the immediately following container task must be later than the end time of the previous container task plus the end time of the yard crane moving from the end position of the preceding task to the start position of the subsequent task:

[0136]

[0137]

[0138]

[0139]

[0140] in, , These are auxiliary variables that take positive integer values ​​and are used to linearize the absolute values ​​of the differences in the horizontal and vertical coordinates, respectively. 6) If the tasks handled by the yard cranes do not belong to the same train, the start time of the subsequently handled container task must be later than the arrival time of the train to which it belongs:

[0141] 7) This indicates that the virtual first container task will not follow any other container tasks and must be followed by one container task:

[0142]

[0143] 8) This indicates that the virtual last container task must follow a container task, but cannot be followed by any other container task:

[0144]

[0145] 9) Indicates that the start and end processing times for the first virtual container task are both 0:

[0146]

[0147] 10) This indicates that the start and end times of the virtual last container task are the same:

[0148] 11) This indicates that the completion time of the first virtual container task is the same as the start time of the immediately following container task:

[0149] 12) This indicates that the start time of the virtual last container task is the same as the end time of the container task that follows it:

[0150] 13) Indicates the working areas of all yard bridges:

[0151]

[0152] In the formula, All are known parameters with positive integer values, representing the field bridge. The minimum and maximum horizontal working areas.

[0153] Furthermore, the feasibility constraints for connecting different types of container shipments by yard cranes specifically include the following: 1) All containers will be allocated to a maximum of one target container slot:

[0154] 2) Indicates the sequential processing relationship between two container tasks, including but not limited to immediate subsequent processing:

[0155] In the formula, , The variable takes the value 0 or 1, representing the container task respectively. In the mission Previous processing, or container tasks In the mission Then proceed with the processing. and They are all collections of container tasks. The elements are not equal.

[0156] 3) When two container tasks share a single yard location, the start time of the subsequent container task must be greater than the end time of the preceding task:

[0157] In the formula, and The set of x and y coordinates of the working area 4) For imported containers, the transshipment direction is either by train or by container yard:

[0158] In the formula, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, indicating that the container task needs to be temporarily stored in the yard. This is a collection of tasks related to importing containers.

[0159] 5) For export containers, the transshipment direction is either truck (port) or yard:

[0160] In the formula, A variable taking the value 0 or 1, representing the container task requirements and truck... To proceed with the docking. This refers to a collection of export container tasks.

[0161] 6) Indicates the target container allocation range for imported container shipments if the transshipment direction is by train:

[0162]

[0163] In the formula, Indicates the row coordinates of the loading / unloading line. 7) Indicates the target container allocation range for export container missions where the transshipment direction is trucks (ports):

[0164]

[0165] In the formula, This indicates the row coordinates of the truck lane.

[0166] 8) Indicates the target container location allocation range for import / export container tasks that require temporary storage in the yard:

[0167]

[0168] In the formula, , This represents the minimum and maximum row coordinates of the storage yard.

[0169] 9) If the container is initially located in the railway yard, it can only be transferred to the port (for export containers) or the train (for import containers).

[0170] Furthermore, the continuity constraints for container handling tasks by trucks specifically include the following: 1) This means that each truck can only accept one mission:

[0171] 2) This indicates that each container shipment can be transported by a maximum of one truck:

[0172] 3) If the yard crane needs to connect with a container truck while handling container tasks, it must wait for the truck to arrive:

[0173] 4) If a truck does not bring a container into the port, it must wait until its assigned container task is completed before leaving the terminal:

[0174] 5) If a truck carrying containers enters the port terminal, it must wait until the containers it is carrying are picked up by the yard crane before it can leave the terminal:

[0175] 6) This indicates that each truck can only enter or leave the port station once:

[0176] Furthermore, the requirement that containers temporarily stored in the yard be handled again by the yard cranes, with consistent container numbers, specifically includes the following: 1) This indicates that there are mapped tasks for the container shipments carried by trains and trucks when they enter the port station. When the container shipments need to be stored in the yard, the mapped tasks are activated:

[0177]

[0178] In the formula, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing a container task. For mapping tasks, For auxiliary variables that take the value of positive integers, it represents and container mission A mapping relationship exists.

[0179] 2) If an imported container shipment requires temporary storage in the yard, its mapped shipment needs to be connected to a train:

[0180] 3) If an export container task requires temporary storage in a yard, its mapped task needs to be connected to a truck:

[0181] 4) If a container task has a mapped task, its end time should be earlier than the start time of the mapped task:

[0182]

[0183] 5) If a container task has a mapping task, its target container location is the starting container location of the mapping container task:

[0184]

[0185] 6) This indicates that the container's temporary storage start time is equal to the end time of its own loading and unloading task:

[0186] 7) This indicates that the temporary storage end time of the container is equal to the start time of the mapped container loading and unloading task:

[0187] 8) This indicates that when the container mapping task is not activated, its start processing time is equal to the end processing time of the preceding task:

[0188] 9) This indicates that when the container mapping task is not activated, its end processing time is equal to the start processing time of the subsequent task:

[0189] 10) This indicates that when the container mapping task is not activated, its end processing time is equal to the start processing time of the subsequent task:

[0190]

[0191] Step 3: Transmit the optimized intermodal transport scheduling plan and train operation plan to the carriers in the transportation process. The carriers will then formulate cargo loading and unloading operation plans and train operation plans accordingly. This includes the following:

[0192] Step 3.1: Transmit the optimized train timetable to the railway operator. The railway and the port confirm the cargo handover time. After confirmation, the railway operator needs to allocate empty carriages in advance, prepare containers to be transported to the port station, formulate locomotive operation routes, and arrange trains and drivers to carry out transportation tasks.

[0193] Step 3.2: Transmit the optimized loading and unloading operation plan to the port operator. After the port station confirms it, adjust the containers in the yard in advance and arrange the yard cranes to be in place in the designated operation area.

[0194] Step 4: Transport goods according to the cargo loading and unloading operation plan and train operation plan. During transportation, the container number is used to verify and record cargo information. At the same time, the time information of each link in the transportation process is recorded to generate a data information flow of the entire rail-water intermodal transport process. Specifically, this includes the following:

[0195] Step 4.1: The container is transported from the shipper's location to the railway port station by the railway carrier. At the start of transportation, the container number, train number, and departure time are recorded. Upon arrival at the port station, the container number and train number are verified and recorded, and the arrival time of the container cargo is also recorded.

[0196] Step 4.2: During port operations, record the stacking location and start time of container stacking; when loading and unloading operations begin, record the model of the yard crane used and the container number it carries.

[0197] Step 4.3: The connection between the port and the railway station is made by truck transportation. Before transporting the goods, the road carrier needs to verify the container number to be transported to the port station. After confirming that the number is correct, the carrier will release the goods and record the departure time and truck license plate. After arriving at the port station, the carrier will record the arrival time of the truck. When handing over the container to the yard crane, the carrier will record the yard crane model and the start time of the handover. After the handover is completed, the handover completion time and the truck departure time will be recorded.

[0198] Step 4.4: Before loading the container, the container number must be confirmed again. After all loading work is completed, record the train number and departure time of the departing train.

[0199] In summary, the collaborative optimization technology for loading and unloading operations and train operation organization at rail-water intermodal port stations provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with existing technologies: 1. This invention considers the scheduling of loading and unloading operations while optimizing the arrival and departure timetables and departure formation plans of trains, so that the train timetable matches the container loading and unloading plan, thereby improving the efficiency of loading and unloading operations and shortening the time trains stay in port.

[0200] 2. This invention optimizes loading and unloading machinery and trucks while taking into account container dwelling and transshipment constraints, thereby accelerating the flow of containers within the port, reducing container dwelling costs, and improving the operational efficiency of the port.

[0201] 3. Establish a unified standard for data interconnection and interoperability in rail-water intermodal transport to reduce information transmission losses during collaborative scheduling, thereby reducing the time required for transshipment and effectively improving overall transportation efficiency.

[0202] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for collaborative optimization of loading and unloading operations and train operation organization at a rail-water intermodal port station, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain port terminal equipment information and cargo storage information provided by the port operator; Obtain the train formation plan for arriving trains from the railway operator; Step 2: Based on port and station equipment information, cargo storage information, and arriving train formation plan, construct an objective function to minimize train dwell time in port, container loading and unloading operation time, container demurrage time, and truck waiting time. Construct a collaborative optimization model for port and station equipment utilization and train traction and departure time. Based on the port and station equipment information and cargo storage information, optimize and generate intermodal dispatching scheme information and train operation organization scheme information, including port and station mechanical loading and unloading operation plan, departing train container loading sequence, and train arrival and departure plan. Step 3: Transmit the optimized intermodal transport scheduling plan and train operation plan information to the carriers in the transportation process, so that the carriers can formulate cargo loading and unloading operation plans and train operation plans accordingly; Step 4: Transport according to the cargo loading and unloading operation plan and train operation plan. During the transportation process, the container number is used to verify and record the cargo information. At the same time, the time information of each link in the transportation process is recorded to generate a data information flow of the entire rail-water intermodal transport process.

2. The method for coordinated optimization of loading and unloading operations and train operation organization at a rail-water intermodal port station according to claim 1, characterized in that, Port and station equipment information includes the number of yard cranes, the location of the yard crane operation area, the license plate numbers of container trucks, and the container truck arrival schedule; Cargo storage information includes container numbers and the container's storage location at the port station; The train formation plan for arriving at the port includes the train number and the corresponding container number.

3. The method for coordinated optimization of loading and unloading operations and train operation organization at a rail-water intermodal port station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The objective function is: In the formula, The total objective function value, For the assembly of trains, A collection of container tasks. A set of discrete time points, A collection of cards, , All are variables that take the value 0 or 1, representing the train respectively. exist Departure and arrival times at ports of call , All are variables that take the value 0 or 1, representing the field bridge respectively. exist End and start of container processing tasks , , All are variables that take the value 0 or 1, representing the container truck respectively. exist Departure and arrival times at ports of call , All are variables that take the value 0 or 1, representing container tasks respectively. exist The end and start of temporary storage in the yard. , , , These are the target weight values ​​for train dwell time in port, container loading and unloading time, container demurrage time, and truck waiting time, respectively.

4. The method for coordinated optimization of loading and unloading operations and train operation organization at a rail-water intermodal port station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The constraints of the port station equipment operation and train traction time collaborative optimization model include: the continuity constraint of train arrival and departure schedules, the continuity constraint of yard crane handling of container loading and unloading operations, the feasibility constraint of yard crane connecting different types of container tasks, the continuity constraint of truck handling of container tasks, and the constraint of consistent container numbers when containers temporarily stored in the yard are handled by yard cranes again.

5. The method for coordinated optimization of loading and unloading operations and train operation organization at a rail-water intermodal port station according to claim 4, characterized in that, The continuity constraints of train arrival and departure schedules include: 1) The arrival time of the following train must be later than the departure time of the preceding train, and the minimum safe interval between trains must be met: In the formula, It is an infinitely large positive integer. A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing a train. Arrival station on the train after, Given parameters, this means that the train arriving immediately after the previous train can only enter the port after at least a certain period of time since the previous train departed. 2) Each train may only enter or leave the port once: 3) Except for the first and last trains, each train may be followed by only one other train: In the formula, , All are sets The elements represent the virtual first train to enter the port station and the virtual last train to enter the port station. A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing a train. Arrival station on the train Before; 4) Container handling must begin after the train arrives. In the formula, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing a container task. Need to go to the train Loading; 5) Each container shipment can only be loaded onto a maximum of one train: 6) The container load carried by the train must meet its capacity constraints: In the formula, Given parameters, representing the train The total number of containers carried and containers awaiting loading; 7) This indicates that the virtual first train will not follow any other train and must be followed by one other train: 8) This indicates that the virtual last train must follow any train, but cannot be followed by any train: 9) This indicates that the arrival and departure times of the virtual first train are both 0: 10) This indicates that the arrival and departure times of the virtual last train are the same: 11) This indicates that the departure time of the virtual first train is the same as the arrival time of the immediately following train: 12) This indicates that the arrival time of the virtual last train is the same as the departure time of the train it follows: 13) This indicates that the container loading task assigned to the train must be completed before the train departs from the port: 14) This indicates that the unloading of containers carried by the train must be completed after the train arrives at the port: In the formula, A known variable taking the value 0 or 1, representing a container task. Need to get from the train Upload / Unload.

6. The method for coordinated optimization of loading and unloading operations and train operation organization at a rail-water intermodal port station according to claim 4, characterized in that, The continuity constraints for yard cranes handling container loading and unloading operations include: 1) A container can only be handled by one yard crane at a time: 2) Except for virtual container tasks, container tasks must have one preceding task and one succeeding task: In the formula, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing the field bridge. Container handling tasks It is a container mission The subsequent tasks, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing the field bridge. Container handling tasks It is a container mission The prerequisite task, All are collections of container tasks The elements represent the virtual first container task and the virtual last container task, respectively; 3) The preceding and following tasks for each container shipment must be handled by the same yard crane: 4) The end time of a container handling task by a yard crane is the start time plus the transportation time from the starting position to the ending position: In the formula, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing a container task. The target container position is the first Ranked List, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing a container task. The initial container position is the first Ranked List, , The coordinates of the container locations in the yard and at the loading / unloading line. The average moving speed of the bridge. , These are auxiliary variables that take positive integer values, used to linearize the absolute values ​​of the differences in the horizontal and vertical coordinates, respectively. The known parameter is a positive integer, representing the time it takes for the yard crane to pick up or drop off a container; 5) If the tasks handled by the yard cranes do not belong to the same train, the start time of the immediately following container task must be later than the arrival time of the train to which it belongs: 6) The start time of the immediately following container task must be later than the end time of the previous container task plus the end time of the yard crane moving from the end position of the preceding task to the start position of the subsequent task: in, , These are auxiliary variables that take positive integer values ​​and are used to linearize the absolute values ​​of the differences in the horizontal and vertical coordinates, respectively. 7) This indicates that the virtual first container task will not follow any other container tasks and must be followed by one container task: 8) This indicates that the virtual last container task must follow a container task, but cannot be followed by any other container task: 9) Indicates that the start and end processing times for the first virtual container task are both 0: 10) This indicates that the start and end times of the virtual last container task are the same: 11) This indicates that the completion time of the first virtual container task is the same as the start time of the immediately following container task: 12) This indicates that the start time of the virtual last container task is the same as the end time of the container task that follows it: 13) Indicates the working areas of all yard bridges: In the formula, All are known parameters with positive integer values, representing the field bridge. The minimum and maximum horizontal working areas.

7. The method for coordinated optimization of loading and unloading operations and train operation organization at a rail-water intermodal port station according to claim 4, characterized in that, Feasibility constraints for connecting different types of container shipments by yard cranes include: 1) All containers will be allocated to a maximum of one target container slot: 2) Indicates the sequential processing relationship between two container tasks, including but not limited to immediate subsequent processing: In the formula, , The variable takes the value 0 or 1, representing the container task respectively. In the mission Previous processing, or container tasks In the mission Then proceed with the processing. and They are all collections of container tasks. The elements are not equal; 3) When two container tasks share a single yard location, the start time of the subsequent container task must be greater than the end time of the preceding task: In the formula, and This is the set of x and y coordinates of the work area; 4) For imported containers, the transshipment direction is either by train or by container yard: In the formula, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, indicating that the container shipment needs to be temporarily stored in the yard. A collection of tasks related to imported containers; 5) For export containers, the transshipment direction is either truck or yard: In the formula, A variable taking the value 0 or 1, representing the container task requirements and truck... To connect, A collection of export container tasks; 6) Indicates the target container allocation range for imported container shipments if the transshipment direction is by train: In the formula, Indicates the vertical coordinate of the loading / unloading line; 7) Indicates the target container allocation range for export container shipments where the transshipment direction is by truck: In the formula, Indicates the vertical coordinate of the truck lane; 8) If the container's initial location is in the railway yard, it can only be transferred to a port or train. 9) Indicates the target container location allocation range for import / export container tasks that require temporary storage in the yard: In the formula, , This represents the minimum and maximum values ​​of the vertical coordinate of the storage yard.

8. The method for coordinated optimization of loading and unloading operations and train operation organization at a rail-water intermodal port station according to claim 4, characterized in that, The continuity constraints for container truck handling tasks include: 1) Each truck can only accept one mission: 2) Each container shipment can be transported by a maximum of one truck: 3) If the yard crane needs to connect with a container truck while handling container tasks, it must wait for the truck to arrive: 4) If a truck does not bring a container into the port, it must wait until its assigned container task is completed before leaving the terminal: 5) If a truck carrying containers enters the port terminal, it must wait until the containers it is carrying are picked up by the yard crane before it can leave the terminal: 6) This indicates that each truck can only enter or leave the port station once: 。 9. The method for coordinated optimization of loading and unloading operations and train operation organization at a rail-water intermodal port station according to claim 4, characterized in that, The constraint that containers temporarily stored in the yard must have the same container number when they are handled again by the yard crane includes: 1) When trains and trucks enter the port, the container tasks they carry have mapped tasks. When a container task needs to be stored in the yard, the mapped task is activated: In the formula, A variable that takes the value 0 or 1, representing a container task. For mapping tasks, For auxiliary variables that take the value of positive integers, it represents and container mission There is a mapping relationship; 2) If an imported container shipment requires temporary storage in the yard, its mapped shipment needs to be connected to a train: 3) If an export container task requires temporary storage in a yard, its mapped task needs to be connected to a truck: 4) If a container task has a mapped task, its end time should be earlier than the start time of the mapped task: 5) If a container task has a mapping task, its target container location is the starting container location of the mapping container task: 6) This indicates that the container's temporary storage start time is equal to the end time of its own loading and unloading task: 7) This indicates that the temporary storage end time of the container is equal to the start time of the mapped container loading and unloading task: 8) This indicates that when the container mapping task is not activated, its start processing time is equal to the end processing time of the preceding task: 9) This indicates that when the container mapping task is not activated, its end processing time is equal to the start processing time of the subsequent task: 10) This indicates that when the container mapping task is not activated, its end processing time is equal to the start processing time of the subsequent task: 。 10. The method for coordinated optimization of loading and unloading operations and train operation organization at a rail-water intermodal port station according to claim 1, characterized in that, Record the time information of each node in the transportation process to generate a data information flow of the entire rail-water intermodal transport process, including: From the shipper, the container is transported to the railway port station by the railway carrier. When the transportation begins, the container number, train number and departure time are recorded. After arriving at the port station, the container number and train number are verified and recorded, and the time when the container cargo enters the port is recorded. During port operations, record the stacking location and start time of containers. When loading and unloading operations begin, record the model of the yard crane used and the container number it carries. The connection between the port and the railway station is made by truck transportation. The road carrier checks the container number on the waybill against the container number on the waterway. After confirming that there is no error, the goods are released and the departure time and truck license plate are recorded. After arriving at the port, the arrival time of the truck is recorded. When handing over the container with the yard crane, the model of the yard crane and the start time of the handover are recorded. After the handover is completed, the handover completion time and the departure time of the truck are recorded. Before loading containers onto trucks, the container number must be confirmed again. After all loading work is completed, the train number and departure time of the departing train must be recorded.

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