Processing device and processing method for silage corn straw forage grass

Abstract

The invention discloses an ensilage corn straw forage grass processing device and method, and relates to the field of ensilage corn straw forage grass processing.The ensilage corn straw forage grass processing device comprises a support, a processing bin and a feeding frame, the feeding frame is fixedly connected to one end of the processing bin, and the support is supported at the bottom of the processing bin and the bottom of the feeding frame; and a motor bin is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the treatment bin and located on the inner side of the support, and a feeding structure is arranged on the upper portion of the feeding frame. According to the silage corn straw forage grass processing device and processing method, the elastic feeding roller pressed by the spring is additionally arranged, a self-adaptive pressing conveying mechanism is formed, the structure can automatically compensate for the thickness and density changes of a straw layer, stable and sufficient pressing force is provided all the time, and the processing efficiency is improved. The straw is continuously, uniformly and forcibly fed into a crushing area, so that the problems of slipping, returning and material blocking are fundamentally solved, a solid foundation is laid for stable and efficient operation of subsequent procedures, and the reliability of continuous operation of equipment is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of silage corn stalk forage processing, and particularly to a silage corn stalk forage processing device and processing method. Background Technology

[0002] Corn stalks, as an important agricultural byproduct, are rich in nutrients and serve as a high-quality source of roughage for livestock. Silage technology involves chopping, compacting, and sealing fresh corn stalks for anaerobic fermentation with lactic acid bacteria. This produces a palatable, highly digestible feed that can be stored for a long time. Silage is a crucial measure to ensure a balanced supply of feed for livestock, especially herbivores like cattle and sheep, throughout the year. Various processing devices are used to process corn stalks during silage production, with crushing being a critical step to break the stalks into small particles.

[0003] Patent CN116420517A discloses a corn stalk cutting and crushing device, including a crushing box. A guide pipe is provided on one side of the crushing box, and a feed hopper is connected to the end of the guide pipe furthest from the crushing box. A connecting plate is provided inside the connection between the crushing box and the guide pipe. A rotating pipe is movably connected through the center of the back of the crushing box. A first fixing plate is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating pipe inside the crushing box. A first gear is provided on the surface of the rotating pipe on the back of the crushing box, and a first cutting blade is provided on the side of the first fixing plate. This corn stalk cutting and crushing device allows the stalks to enter the guide pipe through the feed hopper. Simultaneously, the twisted guide plate inside the inclined guide pipe allows the stalk material to slide smoothly and steadily into the crushing box for crushing. The stalks fall more effectively due to their own weight, and the connecting plate further facilitates the cutting blade's cutting and crushing of the stalks.

[0004] However, traditional equipment often uses rigid rollers or simple conveyor belts for feeding, lacking effective compaction and adaptive adjustment mechanisms. When processing loose, unevenly sized corn stalks, problems such as uneven feeding, slippage, material backflow, and even jamming easily occur. Poor feeding directly leads to intermittent subsequent crushing processes, low operating efficiency, and frequent shutdowns for troubleshooting, severely impacting continuous production capacity. Secondly, traditional equipment typically uses two or more independent processing units in series. The typical process is as follows: the first process (such as a chopping device) cuts the stalks laterally, and then the stalk segments are conveyed to the second process (such as a hammer mill or a separate tearing device) for longitudinal tearing or further crushing. This results in excessively high power speeds required for finer cuts; otherwise, the uniformity of crushing will be poor, and the processing effect will be mediocre. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a silage corn stalk forage processing device and processing method, which can effectively solve the technical problems of poor feeding stability and poor crushing effect in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A silage corn stalk forage processing device includes a support frame, a processing bin, and a feeding rack. The feeding rack is fixedly connected to one end of the processing bin. The support frame supports the bottom of the processing bin and the feeding rack. A motor compartment is fixedly installed inside the support frame at the bottom of the processing bin. A feeding structure is provided on the upper part of the feeding rack. The feeding structure includes two supports, which are fixedly installed on the upper part of the feeding rack. A fixed shaft is fixedly installed between the two supports. Two rotating rods are rotatably connected to the outside of the fixed shaft. A feeding roller is rotatably connected to one end of each rotating rod. Multiple pressing teeth are fixedly installed on the outside of the feeding roller. A base plate is fixedly installed at the bottom between the two rotating rods. Inside the processing bin, a first crushing roller, a second crushing roller, and a discharge wheel are rotatably installed in sequence. A first transverse cutter and a first longitudinal crushing blade are fixedly installed on the outside of the first crushing roller. A second transverse cutter and a second longitudinal crushing blade are fixedly installed on the outside of the second crushing roller.

[0007] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a rotating belt is provided at the bottom inner side of the feeding frame to reduce the resistance of corn stalk movement. The rotating belt consists of two rotating shafts and a track. The two rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the inner side of the feeding frame, and the track is sleeved between the two rotating shafts.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a motor is installed inside the motor compartment, and the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to three active belt pulleys. Driven belt pulleys are fixedly installed at the ends of the first crushing roller, the second crushing roller, and the discharge wheel. The three active belt pulleys and the three passive belt pulleys are connected by belt drive.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a clamping structure is provided between the rotating rod and the feeding frame. The clamping structure includes two upright plates, which are fixedly installed on the upper part of the feeding frame. A top beam is fixedly connected between the two upright plates, and a pressure plate is fixedly connected between the two rotating rods. Five springs are fixedly connected between the top beam and the pressure plate.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a transmission structure is provided between the support and the feeding roller. The transmission structure includes a motor, which is fixedly installed at the rear of one of the supports. Two driven shafts are fixedly connected inside the two ends of the feeding roller through two rotating rods. The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to a drive shaft through a fixed shaft. The drive shaft and the driven shaft are connected by a belt drive inside the rotating rods.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the first transverse cutter and the first longitudinal crusher are of the same length, and the second transverse cutter is shorter than the second longitudinal crusher.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the processing chamber is provided with a discharge port at the end away from the feeding rack, the discharge port is inclined upward at -45° in the horizontal direction, and the feeding rack is inclined at 20° in the horizontal direction.

[0013] A method for processing silage corn stalks as forage, the method specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Connect the motor to the external power supply. After starting the motor, the output shaft of the motor drives the drive shaft to rotate. The drive shaft drives the driven shaft to rotate through the belt, thereby driving the feeding roller and the pressing teeth to rotate. The output shaft of the motor drives the three driven belts to rotate through the three drive belts. The three driven belts drive the first crushing roller, the second crushing roller and the discharge wheel to rotate respectively. Step 2: Manually place the corn stalks on the upper part of the conveyor belt, and then push them slightly so that the corn stalks come into contact with the rotating pressing teeth. As the feeding rollers rotate, the corn stalks are fed into the processing chamber. At the same time, the conveyor belt rotates under force, reducing the resistance to the movement of the corn stalks. Step 3: After the corn stalks enter the processing chamber, the first transverse cutter and the first longitudinal crusher of the high-speed rotating first crushing roller perform initial crushing. Due to the continuous rotation of the first crushing roller, the initially crushed corn stalks are sent into the chamber where the second crushing roller is located, where they are further crushed. Finally, the crushed corn stalks are discharged by the discharge wheel, completing the crushing and processing of the corn stalks.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By adding a spring-pressed elastic feeding roller, an adaptive pressing and conveying mechanism is formed. This structure can automatically compensate for changes in the thickness and density of the straw layer, and always provide a stable and sufficient pressing force to ensure that the straw is continuously, evenly and forcibly fed into the crushing zone. This fundamentally solves the problems of slippage, backflow and jamming, and lays a solid foundation for the smooth and efficient operation of subsequent processes, significantly improving the reliability of continuous operation of the equipment. By setting the first transverse cutter and the first longitudinal pulverizer of the first crushing roller to be of the same length, primary crushing (grid-based initial cutting) is achieved. Through precise matching, the transverse and longitudinal cutting lengths of the first-stage crushing are made consistent, cutting the straw into regular, fine grid segments in the initial processing. This greatly increases the specific surface area of ​​the material, creating optimal conditions for subsequent lactic acid bacteria fermentation and improving the potential quality of silage from the source.

[0015] By setting the second transverse cutter of the second crushing roller to be the same length as the second longitudinal crushing cutter, secondary crushing (refined short cutting) significantly shortens the transverse cutting length of the second-stage crushing, "refining" the grid-like straw segments. This further reduces the overall length of the straw segments, producing a more uniform and shorter finished product. On the one hand, it greatly improves the utilization rate of straw and reduces the phenomenon of livestock picking and wasting food due to excessively long fibers. On the other hand, the finer crushed material has a higher density when baling and wrapping, and ferments more fully, resulting in higher quality silage. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a silage corn stalk forage processing device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of a silage corn stalk forage processing device according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the internal processing chamber of a silage corn stalk forage processing device according to the present invention; Figure 4 This invention relates to a silage corn stalk forage processing device. Figure 3 Main view; Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of the feeding structure of a silage corn stalk forage processing device according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the rotating rod of a silage corn stalk forage processing device according to the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 2. Processing chamber; 3. Feeding rack; 4. Motor chamber; 5. Belt conveyor; 6. Feeding structure; 7. First crushing roller; 8. Second crushing roller; 9. First transverse cutter; 10. First longitudinal crushing blade; 11. Second transverse cutter; 12. Second longitudinal crushing blade; 13. Discharge wheel; 14. Support; 15. Rotating rod; 16. Fixed shaft; 17. Motor; 18. Feeding roller; 19. Pressing teeth; 20. Vertical plate; 21. Pressure plate; 22. Spring; 23. Base plate; 24. Drive shaft; 25. Driven shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0019] Combination Figures 1-6A silage corn stalk forage processing device includes a support frame 1, a processing chamber 2, and a feeding rack 3. The feeding rack 3 is fixedly connected to one end of the processing chamber 2. The support frame 1 supports the bottom of the processing chamber 2 and the feeding rack 3. A motor compartment 4 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the processing chamber 2 inside the support frame 1. A feeding structure 6 is provided on the upper part of the feeding rack 3. The feeding structure 6 includes two supports 14, which are fixedly installed on the upper part of the feeding rack 3. A fixed shaft 16 is fixedly installed between the two supports 14. The external rotation of the fixed shaft 16 is... The moving connection has two rotating rods 15, one end of which is rotatably connected to a feeding roller 18. Multiple pressing teeth 19 are fixedly installed on the outside of the feeding roller 18, and a base plate 23 is fixedly installed at the bottom between the two rotating rods 15. Inside the processing chamber 2, a first crushing roller 7, a second crushing roller 8, and a discharge wheel 13 are rotatably installed in sequence. A first transverse cutter 9 and a first longitudinal crushing blade 10 are fixedly installed on the outside of the first crushing roller 7, and a second transverse cutter 11 and a second longitudinal crushing blade 12 are fixedly installed on the outside of the second crushing roller 8.

[0020] In this embodiment, a rotating belt 5 is provided at the bottom inner side of the feeding frame 3 to reduce the resistance of corn stalk movement. The rotating belt 5 consists of two rotating shafts and a track. The two rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the inner side of the feeding frame 3, and the track is sleeved between the two rotating shafts.

[0021] When the corn stalks are moving, the conveyor belt 5 can rotate through the two shafts under force, thereby reducing the resistance to the movement of the corn stalks and ensuring that the corn stalks can smoothly enter the processing chamber 2, thus improving the stability of the stalk crushing operation.

[0022] In this embodiment, a motor is installed inside the motor compartment 4. The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to three active belt pulleys. Driven belt pulleys are fixedly installed at the ends of the first crushing roller 7, the second crushing roller 8, and the discharge wheel 13. The three active belt pulleys and the three passive belt pulleys are connected by belt drive.

[0023] The motor serves as the power source, driving the first crushing roller 7, the second crushing roller 8, and the discharge wheel 13 to rotate synchronously via three belt pulleys. Due to the synchronous rotation, the discharge speed and crushing speed can be better matched.

[0024] In this embodiment, a clamping structure is provided between the rotating rod 15 and the feeding frame 3. The clamping structure includes two upright plates 20, which are fixedly installed on the upper part of the feeding frame 3. A top beam is fixedly connected between the two upright plates 20, and a pressure plate 21 is fixedly connected between the two rotating rods 15. Five springs 22 are fixedly connected between the top beam and the pressure plate 21.

[0025] The pressing structure allows the feeding roller 18 to elastically press against the upper part of the corn stalks, preventing the corn stalks from being unable to be fed into the processing chamber 2 when the amount is small, thus ensuring feeding stability.

[0026] In this embodiment, a transmission structure is provided between the support 14 and the feeding roller 18. The transmission structure includes a motor 17, which is fixedly installed at the rear of one of the supports 14. The two ends of the feeding roller 18 pass through two rotating rods 15 and are fixedly connected to two driven shafts 25 inside them. The output shaft of the motor 17 passes through a fixed shaft 16 and is fixedly connected to a drive shaft 24. The drive shaft 24 and the driven shaft 25 are connected by belt drive inside the rotating rods 15.

[0027] Motor 17 provides power to feed roller 18, enabling feed roller 18 to rotate and feed material. Since the central axis of motor 17 and the rotation center of rotating rod 15 are concentric circles, the rotation of rotating rod 15 under force will not affect the power provided by motor 17 to feed roller 18.

[0028] In this embodiment, the first transverse cutter 9 and the first longitudinal shredder 10 are of the same length, and the second transverse cutter 11 is shorter than the second longitudinal shredder 12.

[0029] The first transverse cutter 9 and the first longitudinal crusher 10 are of the same length, forming a primary crushing process (grid-based initial cutting). Through precise matching, the transverse and longitudinal cutting lengths of the primary crushing are consistent, cutting the straw into regular, fine grid segments in the initial processing. This greatly increases the specific surface area of ​​the material, creating optimal conditions for subsequent lactic acid bacteria fermentation and improving the potential quality of silage from the source.

[0030] The second transverse cutter 11 is shorter than the second longitudinal crusher 12 by the same length, resulting in secondary crushing (refined short cutting): the transverse cutting length of the second-stage crushing is significantly shortened, and the grid-like straw segments are "refined". This further reduces the overall length of the straw segments, producing a more uniform and shorter finished product. On the one hand, it greatly improves the utilization rate of straw and reduces the phenomenon of livestock picking and wasting food due to excessively long fibers. On the other hand, the finer crushed material has a higher density when baling and wrapping, and ferments more fully, resulting in higher quality silage.

[0031] In this embodiment, the processing chamber 2 is provided with a discharge port at the end away from the feeding rack 3. The discharge port is inclined upward at -45° in the horizontal direction, and the feeding rack 3 is inclined at 20° in the horizontal direction.

[0032] The inclined design of the discharge port can prevent the material from falling too quickly, allowing it sufficient time to be crushed. The inclined design of the feeding rack 3 allows the straw to slide under its own weight, reducing the effort required for manual pushing. Example

[0033] A method for processing silage corn stalks as forage, the method specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Now connect motor 17 and motor to the external power supply. After starting the motor, the output shaft of motor 17 drives the drive shaft 24 to rotate. The drive shaft 24 drives the driven shaft 25 to rotate through the belt, thereby driving the feeding roller 18 and the pressing teeth 19 to rotate. The output shaft of the motor drives the three driven belts to rotate through the three drive belts. The three driven belts drive the first crushing roller 7, the second crushing roller 8 and the discharge wheel 13 to rotate respectively. Step 2: Manually place the corn stalks on the upper part of the conveyor belt 5, and then push them slightly so that the corn stalks come into contact with the rotating pressing teeth 19. As the feeding roller 18 rotates, the corn stalks are fed into the processing chamber 2. At the same time, the conveyor belt 5 rotates under force to reduce the resistance to the movement of the corn stalks. Step 3: After the corn stalks enter the processing chamber 2, the first transverse cutter 9 and the first longitudinal crusher 10 of the high-speed rotating first crushing roller 7 perform initial crushing. Due to the continuous rotation of the first crushing roller 7, the initially crushed corn stalks are sent into the chamber where the second crushing roller 8 is located, where they are crushed a second time. Finally, the crushed corn stalks are sent out by the discharge wheel 13, completing the crushing and processing of the corn stalks.

[0034] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A silage corn stalk forage processing device, comprising a support frame (1), a processing chamber (2), and a feeding rack (3), wherein the feeding rack (3) is fixedly connected to one end of the processing chamber (2), the support frame (1) is supported at the bottom of the processing chamber (2) and the feeding rack (3), and a motor compartment (4) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the processing chamber (2) inside the support frame (1), characterized in that: The upper part of the feeding rack (3) is provided with a feeding structure (6), which includes two supports (14). The two supports (14) are fixedly installed on the upper part of the feeding rack (3), and a fixed shaft (16) is fixedly installed between the two supports (14). Two rotating rods (15) are rotatably connected to the outside of the fixed shaft (16). One end of the two rotating rods (15) is rotatably connected to a feeding roller (18). Multiple pressing teeth (19) are fixedly installed on the outside of the feeding roller (18), and a bottom plate (23) is fixedly installed at the bottom between the two rotating rods (15). The processing chamber (2) is rotatably installed with a first crushing roller (7), a second crushing roller (8) and a discharge wheel (13) in sequence. A first transverse cutter (9) and a first longitudinal crushing blade (10) are fixedly installed on the outside of the first crushing roller (7), and a second transverse cutter (11) and a second longitudinal crushing blade (12) are fixedly installed on the outside of the second crushing roller (8).

2. The silage corn stalk forage processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeder (3) is provided with a rotating belt (5) at the bottom of its inner side. The belt is used to rotate and reduce the resistance of the corn stalk movement. The rotating belt (5) consists of two rotating shafts and a track. The two rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the inner side of the feeder (3), and the track is fitted between the two rotating shafts.

3. The method for processing silage corn stalks as forage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor compartment (4) is equipped with a motor. The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to three active belt pulleys. The ends of the first crushing roller (7), the second crushing roller (8) and the discharge wheel (13) are all fixedly equipped with driven belt pulleys. The three active belt pulleys and the three driven belt pulleys are connected by belt drive.

4. The method for processing silage corn stalks as forage according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clamping structure is provided between the rotating rod (15) and the feeding rack (3). The clamping structure includes two upright plates (20). The two upright plates (20) are fixedly installed on the upper part of the feeding rack (3). A top beam is fixedly connected between the two upright plates (20). A pressure plate (21) is fixedly connected between the two rotating rods (15). Five springs (22) are fixedly connected between the top beam and the pressure plate (21).

5. The silage corn stalk forage processing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A transmission structure is provided between the support (14) and the feeding roller (18). The transmission structure includes a motor (17). The motor (17) is fixedly installed at the rear of one of the supports (14). The two ends of the feeding roller (18) pass through two rotating rods (15) and are fixedly connected to two driven shafts (25) inside them. The output shaft of the motor (17) passes through a fixed shaft (16) and is fixedly connected to a drive shaft (24). The drive shaft (24) and the driven shaft (25) are connected by belt drive inside the rotating rods (15).

6. The silage corn stalk forage processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transverse cutter (9) and the first longitudinal crusher (10) are of the same length, and the second transverse cutter (11) is shorter than the second longitudinal crusher (12).

7. The silage corn stalk forage processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing chamber (2) is provided with a discharge port at one end away from the feeding rack (3). The discharge port is inclined upward at -45° in the horizontal direction, and the feeding rack (3) is inclined at 20° in the horizontal direction.

8. A method for processing corn silage forage, characterized in that, The method specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Now, connect the motor (17) and the motor to the external power supply. After starting the operation, the output shaft of the motor (17) drives the drive shaft (24) to rotate. The drive shaft (24) drives the driven shaft (25) to rotate through the belt, thereby driving the feeding roller (18) and the pressing teeth (19) to rotate. The output shaft of the motor drives the three driven belts to rotate through the three drive belts. The three driven belts drive the first crushing roller (7), the second crushing roller (8) and the discharge wheel (13) to rotate respectively. Step 2: Manually place the corn stalks on the upper part of the conveyor belt (5), and then push them slightly so that the corn stalks come into contact with the rotating pressing teeth (19). As the feeding roller (18) rotates, the corn stalks are fed into the processing chamber (2). At the same time, the conveyor belt (5) rotates under force, reducing the resistance to the movement of the corn stalks. Step 3: After the corn stalks enter the processing chamber (2), the first transverse cutter (9) and the first longitudinal crusher (10) of the high-speed rotating first crushing roller (7) perform initial crushing. Due to the continuous rotation of the first crushing roller (7), the initially crushed corn stalks are sent into the chamber where the second crushing roller (8) is located, and are crushed a second time by the second crushing roller (8). Finally, the crushed corn stalks are sent out by the discharge wheel (13) to complete the crushing and processing of the corn stalks.

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