Five-axis symmetric driving transmission device and method
The five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device solves the problems of insufficient radial force and inadequate cooling efficiency through self-balancing design and multi-stage cooling system, achieving stability and temperature control accuracy of the transmission system under high load and extending the service life of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-14
AI Technical Summary
The existing twin-screw extruder's transmission device suffers from the problem that radial forces cannot be counteracted, leading to easy deformation of the weak shaft system and accelerated wear of gears and bearings. At the same time, the cooling efficiency is insufficient and the temperature control is inaccurate, affecting the equipment's high-load continuous production capacity.
It adopts a five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device, combined with the coordinated work of the shaft cooling unit, spray cooling unit and end face heat dissipation unit, and integrates a temperature sensing control system to achieve self-balancing and efficient thermal management within the transmission system.
The five-axis symmetrical transmission system achieves self-balancing of radial force, reduces bending deformation of the output shaft, improves the stability and lifespan of the transmission system, and achieves efficient cooling to ensure stable operation and temperature control accuracy of the equipment under high load conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN121848640A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of transmission technology, and in particular to a five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device and method. Background Technology
[0002] The transmission system of a twin-screw extruder is a core component in the fields of plastics processing and environmentally friendly recycled materials preparation. Its performance directly affects the torque output, operational stability, and service life of the equipment. Existing transmission structures are mostly parallel three-shaft single-sided drives, which have the defect of radial force not being able to be offset. This leads to the weak shaft system being prone to deformation, and the gears and bearings experiencing accelerated wear, making it difficult to meet the needs of high-load continuous production.
[0003] Furthermore, as extruders develop towards higher torque and higher speeds, the heat generated by gear meshing and bearing operation during transmission increases dramatically. Traditional cooling methods, such as single-shaft internal cooling or cavity spraying, suffer from insufficient cooling efficiency and low temperature control accuracy. Localized high temperatures can easily lead to lubricant performance degradation and gear tooth surface scuffing. Moreover, existing cooling systems lack precise control mechanisms, have incomplete temperature sensor placement, and fixed spray angles create cooling blind spots. In addition, poor housing sealing performance can easily cause cooling medium leakage, further limiting the load capacity and operational stability of the transmission device. Summary of the Invention
[0004] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device and method.
[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] A five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device, comprising: A sealed housing, wherein the sealed housing has an internal mounting cavity, the inner wall of the mounting cavity has a cooling channel, and the outer wall of the sealed housing has a medium interface connected to the cooling channel; A transmission system includes an input shaft, a first output shaft, a second output shaft, a first auxiliary load-sharing shaft, and a second auxiliary load-sharing shaft that are installed in the mounting cavity and mesh with each other. The first and second auxiliary load-sharing shafts have identical structures and are mirror-symmetrically arranged with the axis of the first output shaft as the center. The first and second auxiliary load-sharing shafts are respectively located directly above and directly below the second output shaft. Each of the input shaft, the first output shaft, the second output shaft, the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft, and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft has an axially penetrating hollow flow channel. A cooling system is provided, comprising a shaft cooling unit, a spray cooling unit, and an end-face heat dissipation unit. The shaft cooling unit, in conjunction with a hollow flow channel, is used to cool the internal shafts of the input shaft, the first output shaft, the second output shaft, the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft, and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft. The spray cooling unit is used to spray and cool the gear meshing area of the transmission system. The end-face heat dissipation unit, in conjunction with a cooling channel, is used to dissipate heat from the sealed housing as a whole. A temperature sensing control system includes a temperature sensing network and a control terminal. The temperature sensing network includes a shaft temperature sensor group and a meshing area temperature sensor group. The shaft temperature sensor group is used to monitor the surface temperature of the input shaft, the first output shaft, the second output shaft, the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft, and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft. The meshing area temperature sensor group is used to monitor the gear meshing area of the transmission system. The control terminal is signal-connected to the temperature sensing network, the shaft cooling unit, the spray cooling unit, and the end-face heat dissipation unit.
[0007] Preferably, the mounting cavity includes an input shaft cavity, a first output shaft cavity, a second output shaft cavity, a first auxiliary load-sharing shaft cavity, and a second auxiliary load-sharing shaft cavity that are interconnected; the input shaft cavity, the first output shaft cavity, the second output shaft cavity, the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft cavity, and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft cavity are all cylindrical.
[0008] Preferably, the input shaft is provided with an input gear, the first output shaft is provided with an output gear and a first symmetrical drive gear; the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft is provided with a first driven gear and a second driven gear; the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft is provided with a third driven gear and a fourth driven gear; the second output shaft is provided with a second symmetrical drive gear; the input gear meshes with the output gear to realize the transmission connection between the input shaft and the first output shaft; the first symmetrical drive gear meshes with both the first driven gear and the third driven gear; the second symmetrical drive gear meshes with both the second driven gear and the fourth driven gear.
[0009] Preferably, the axial cooling unit includes a cooling circulation pipeline; the cooling circulation pipeline includes a storage tank and multiple cooling branch pipelines connected to the storage tank; the multiple cooling branch pipelines are respectively connected to the hollow flow channels of the input shaft, the first output shaft, the second output shaft, the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft; each cooling branch pipeline is equipped with a delivery pump and a flow regulating valve.
[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the hollow flow channel is provided with a spiral guide plate, and the spiral angle of the guide plate is 15~30°.
[0011] Preferably, the spray cooling unit includes multiple spray modules installed in the mounting cavity; each spray module includes a rotating base and an atomizing nozzle.
[0012] Preferably, the end face heat dissipation unit includes a heat dissipation fin array integrally formed on the side of the sealed housing and an axial fan assembly disposed outside the heat dissipation fin array; the heat dissipation fin array is embedded with a cooling microchannel, and the cooling microchannel is connected to the cooling channel.
[0013] Preferably, both the shaft temperature sensor group and the meshing area temperature sensor group include multiple fiber optic temperature sensors; the shaft temperature sensor group is arranged axially along the input shaft, the first output shaft, the second output shaft, the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft, and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft, and the meshing area temperature sensor group is arranged along the meshing line of the gear meshing area.
[0014] A heat dissipation method, based on the aforementioned five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device, includes the following steps: S1. Temperature signal acquisition steps: The surface temperature signals of each shaft and the temperature signals of each gear meshing area in the transmission system are acquired synchronously through the shaft temperature sensor group and the meshing area temperature sensor group in the temperature sensing network. S2. Cooling demand analysis step: In the control terminal, based on the collected temperature signal, the overall heat load level and local overheating areas of the transmission system are analyzed and determined; S3. Graded Cooling Decision and Execution Steps: Based on the analysis results of the overall heat load level and local overheated areas, the control terminal generates corresponding control commands to selectively start, stop, or adjust one or more of the axial cooling unit, spray cooling unit, and end face heat dissipation unit in the cooling system, and sets the operating parameters of the selected unit.
[0015] Preferably, the graded cooling decision and execution steps include: Establish a cooling level mapping relationship based on the highest temperature value (T_max); When T_max is lower than the first threshold (T1), the cooling system is controlled to be in standby or minimum power consumption state, mainly relying on the natural heat dissipation of the end face heat dissipation unit; When T_max reaches or exceeds the first threshold (T1) but is lower than the second threshold (T2), the axial cooling unit is activated to operate at a first preset flow rate. When T_max reaches or exceeds the second threshold (T2) but is lower than the third threshold (T3), the spray cooling unit is further activated in addition to the activation of the axial cooling unit. When T_max reaches or exceeds the third threshold (T3), the shaft cooling unit, spray cooling unit and end face heat dissipation unit are all activated, and at least one unit operates in an enhanced mode that is higher than its normal state.
[0016] The five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device and method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: Through a five-axis symmetrical transmission system layout and a two-stage symmetrical meshing design, the radial forces on the first and second output shafts are self-balanced within the system, resulting in the output shafts operating under pure torque load. This structure significantly reduces bending deformation and shaft runout of the output shafts under load, ensuring stable meshing clearance of the gear pairs. This leads to a more uniform distribution of clamping force in the injection molding machine and a smoother screw thrust in the extruder, effectively improving product dimensional accuracy and extrusion process stability.
[0017] A cooling architecture employing a axial cooling unit, a spray cooling unit, and an end-face heat dissipation unit working in tandem achieves efficient heat transfer through a short path from the internal heat source of the transmission system to the external environment. This cooling structure allows the sealed housing to maintain a suitable operating temperature under continuous high-load conditions, delaying lubricant degradation and seal aging, reducing thermal deformation and wear of parts caused by overheating, and significantly extending the service life and maintenance cycle of the transmission system in high-temperature engineering plastic continuous processing environments.
[0018] Integrating a temperature sensing network and control terminal, the system can automatically adjust the operating intensity of the cooling system based on the real-time temperature of the transmission system. The system activates the shaft cooling unit, spray cooling unit, and end-face heat dissipation unit in stages according to the actual heat load through the control terminal, meeting heat dissipation requirements while avoiding wasted cooling resources. This intelligent temperature control mode reduces the overall energy consumption of the cooling system in periodically loaded equipment such as injection molding machines, and by maintaining stable temperatures of transmission components, it helps improve melt plasticization uniformity and product consistency. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the sealed housing in the diagram; Figure 3 for Figure 1 First structural schematic diagram of the transmission system in the diagram; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A second structural diagram of the transmission system in the diagram; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the cooling circulation pipeline of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart of the heat dissipation method of the present invention.
[0020] Marked in the image: 10-Sealed housing; 11-Mounting cavity; 111-Input shaft cavity; 112-First output shaft cavity; 113-Second output shaft cavity; 114-First auxiliary load-sharing shaft cavity; 115-Second auxiliary load-sharing shaft cavity; 20-Transmission system; 21-Input shaft; 211-Input gear; 22-First output shaft; 221-Output gear; 222-First symmetrical drive gear; 23-Second output shaft; 231-Second symmetrical drive gear; 24-First auxiliary load-sharing shaft; 241-First driven gear; 242-Second driven gear; 25-Second auxiliary load-sharing shaft; 251-Third driven gear; 252-Fourth driven gear; 26-Hollow flow channel; 30-Heat dissipation fin array. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical direction," "up," "down," and "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0023] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or a connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0024] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device of the present invention includes a sealed housing 10, a transmission system 20, a cooling system, and a temperature sensing control system.
[0025] The sealing housing 10 is integrally cast from high-strength cast iron, and has an internal mounting cavity 11 for accommodating the transmission components. A cooling channel is pre-embedded on the inner wall of the mounting cavity 11, and media interfaces are provided on both sides of the outer wall of the housing. The mounting cavity 11 is specifically divided into five interconnected cylindrical sub-cavities, including an input shaft cavity 111, a first output shaft cavity 112, a second output shaft cavity 113, a first auxiliary load-sharing shaft cavity 114, and a second auxiliary load-sharing shaft cavity 115. These sub-cavities are connected via gear meshing channels.
[0026] The transmission system 20 includes an input shaft 21, a first output shaft 22, a second output shaft 23, a first auxiliary load-sharing shaft 24, and a second auxiliary load-sharing shaft 25. The arrangement of each shaft satisfies a specific geometric distribution: the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft 24 and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft 25 are strictly mirror-symmetrical about the axis of the first output shaft 22, and are located directly above and below the second output shaft 23, respectively; the axes of the input shaft 21, the first output shaft 22, and the second output shaft 23 are located in the same horizontal plane, while the axes of the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft 24, the second output shaft 23, and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft 25 are located in the same vertical plane. This geometric distribution achieves symmetrical equilibrium of the multi-axis force system mechanically; the horizontal components of the forces acting on the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft 24 and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft 25 cancel each other out, and the vertical components of the forces acting on the second output shaft 23 also cancel each other out. As a result, the first output shaft 22 and the second output shaft 23 mainly bear torsional torque during operation, and the transverse radial load they bear is reduced to an extremely low level. This significantly reduces the bending deformation tendency of the shaft system, improves the uniformity of bearing stress and operational stability, and provides structural protection for the transmission system 20 to maintain long-term accuracy under high load conditions.
[0027] Furthermore, an input gear 211 is fixed on the input shaft 21, an output gear 221 and a first symmetrical drive gear 222 are fixed on the first output shaft 22, a first driven gear 241 and a second driven gear 242 are fixed on the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft 24, a third driven gear 251 and a fourth driven gear 252 are fixed on the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft 25, and a second symmetrical drive gear 231 is fixed on the second output shaft 23. The gear meshing relationship is as follows: the input gear 211 meshes with the output gear 221 to form the first stage of reduction; the first symmetrical drive gear 222 meshes with both the first driven gear 241 and the third driven gear 251, achieving symmetrical power distribution to both sides; the second symmetrical drive gear 231 meshes with both the second driven gear 242 and the fourth driven gear 252, completing the symmetrical power convergence. All gears are made of 20CrMnTi material and have undergone carburizing and quenching treatment, achieving a tooth surface hardness of HRC58-62. Meanwhile, the input shaft 21, the first output shaft 22, the second output shaft 23, the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft 24, and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft 25 are all provided with axially penetrating hollow flow channels 26; the hollow flow channels 26 are used for the flow of cooling medium. Furthermore, the inner wall of the hollow flow channels 26 is machined with a spiral guide structure, and its spiral angle is preferably 15~30°. In this embodiment, it is preferably 20° to enhance heat exchange and reduce flow resistance.
[0028] The cooling system includes a core cooling unit, a spray cooling unit, and an end-face heat dissipation unit.
[0029] The axial cooling unit includes a cooling circulation pipeline; the cooling circulation pipeline includes a storage tank and multiple cooling branch pipelines connected to the storage tank; the multiple cooling branch pipelines are respectively connected to the hollow flow channels 26 of the input shaft 21, the first output shaft 22, the second output shaft 23, the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft 24 and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft 25; each cooling branch pipeline is equipped with a delivery pump and a flow regulating valve to achieve independent and precise control of the cooling flow of each shaft.
[0030] The spray cooling unit includes multiple spray modules 30 installed in the mounting cavity 11. Each spray module 30 includes a rotating base and an atomizing nozzle. The rotating base is driven by a stepper motor and can rotate within a set angle range. The atomization particle size of the atomizing nozzle is controlled within 50-80μm, and the spray pressure can be adjusted within the range of 0.2-0.6MPa, thereby achieving multi-directional and uniform spray cooling of each gear meshing surface.
[0031] The end-face heat dissipation unit includes a heat dissipation fin array 40 integrally cast with the side of the sealed housing 10, and an axial fan assembly installed on the outside of the fin array; the heat dissipation fin array 40 has embedded cooling microchannels that communicate with the cooling channels of the sealed housing 10, forming an additional heat dissipation surface; the fan speed of the axial fan assembly can be steplessly adjusted within the range of 800-2500rpm to adapt to different heat dissipation requirements.
[0032] The temperature sensing control system includes a temperature sensing network and a control terminal. The temperature sensing network comprises a shaft temperature sensor group and a meshing area temperature sensor group. The shaft temperature sensor group includes multiple fiber optic temperature sensors arranged at certain intervals along the axial directions of the input shaft 21, the first output shaft 22, the second output shaft 23, the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft 24, and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft 25. The meshing area temperature sensor group includes multiple fiber optic temperature sensors, which monitor the key gear meshing areas of the transmission system 20. The control terminal uses an industrial programmable logic controller (PLC) and is signal-connected to the temperature sensing network, the shaft cooling unit, the spray cooling unit, and the end-face heat dissipation unit.
[0033] The five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device provided by this invention integrates an innovative symmetrical transmission structure, a highly efficient multi-stage collaborative cooling system, and an intelligent temperature sensing control system. It achieves pure torque output through force flow self-balancing design to ensure transmission accuracy, and achieves precise thermal management by combining shaft direct cooling, meshing area spraying, and end-face heat dissipation. Furthermore, it relies on fiber optic sensor networks and programmable controllers to achieve on-demand intelligent temperature control. Thus, it achieves comprehensive performance of high rigidity, high stability, efficient heat dissipation, and low energy consumption, providing a reliable solution for high-load, high-precision industrial transmission applications.
[0034] like Figure 6 As shown, the heat dissipation method of the present invention is executed by the aforementioned five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device, and includes the following steps: S1. Temperature signal acquisition steps: The surface temperature signals of each shaft and the temperature signals of each gear meshing area in the transmission system 20 are synchronously acquired through the shaft temperature sensor group and the meshing area temperature sensor group in the temperature sensing network. All temperature data are transmitted to the control terminal in real time with a sampling period of ≤150ms.
[0035] S2. Cooling demand analysis step: In the control terminal, based on the collected temperature signal, the overall heat load level and local overheating areas of the transmission system are analyzed and determined.
[0036] S3. Graded Cooling Decision and Execution Steps: Based on the analysis results of the overall heat load level and local overheated areas, the control terminal generates corresponding control commands to selectively start, stop, or adjust one or more of the axial cooling unit, spray cooling unit, and end face heat dissipation unit in the cooling system, and sets the operating parameters of the selected unit.
[0037] Among them, in step S3, the control terminal processes and analyzes the multi-point temperature data received. First, it calculates and identifies the highest temperature value (T_max) within the current monitoring range. Second, by comparing the data obtained from the temperature sensing network, it identifies whether there is a local overheating area. Based on the value of T_max, the control terminal compares it with multiple temperature thresholds preset in the program to determine the current heat load level of the system, and accordingly determines the required cooling intensity level.
[0038] The specific decision-making and execution logic are as follows: Basic heat dissipation mode: When T_max < T1, it is determined as a light load or startup condition with a low heat load. The control terminal controls the cooling system to be in a standby or minimum power consumption state. At this time, only the heat dissipation fin array 40 of the end face heat dissipation unit dissipates heat through natural convection, and neither the shaft center cooling unit nor the spray cooling unit is started.
[0039] First-level active cooling mode: When T1 ≤ T_max < T2, it is determined that the heat load enters a medium level. The control terminal generates an instruction to start the shaft center cooling unit. Specifically, it opens the circulation of the cooling circulation pipeline and controls the delivery pumps and flow regulating valves on each cooling branch pipeline to make the cooling medium flow through the hollow flow channels 26 inside all drive shafts at a first preset flow rate (for example, set to 50% of the rated design flow rate of the system) to implement direct shaft center cooling. The end face heat dissipation unit maintains operation.
[0040] Second-level enhanced cooling mode: When T2 ≤ T_max < T3, it is determined that the heat load is high and there is obvious heat generation. Based on maintaining the first-level active cooling mode, the control terminal further generates an instruction to start the spray cooling unit. Specifically, it controls the rotating base of the spray module 30 to be adjusted to a preset angle and opens the atomizing nozzle to spray atomized cooling medium into the gear meshing area of the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft 24 and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft 25 at a set pressure (for example, 0.4 MPa). At the same time, the medium flow rate of the shaft center cooling unit can be correspondingly increased to a second preset flow rate (for example, 80% of the rated flow rate).
[0041] Third-level full-power cooling mode: When T_max ≥ T3, it is determined as a high-temperature or overload condition, and maximum heat dissipation is required. The control terminal instructs the cooling system to enter a full-power working state: the shaft center cooling unit operates at the maximum design flow rate; the spray cooling unit sprays at the highest permitted pressure; at the same time, the axial flow fan group of the end face heat dissipation unit is started to operate at the highest speed (for example, 2500 rpm) to force convection to quickly reduce the shell temperature. In this mode, all cooling resources of the system are fully mobilized to achieve rapid cooling.
[0042] The above description merely illustrates preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and while the description is relatively specific and detailed, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device, characterized in that, include: A sealed housing, wherein the sealed housing has an internal mounting cavity, the inner wall of the mounting cavity has a cooling channel, and the outer wall of the sealed housing has a medium interface connected to the cooling channel; A transmission system includes an input shaft, a first output shaft, a second output shaft, a first auxiliary load-sharing shaft, and a second auxiliary load-sharing shaft that are installed in the mounting cavity and mesh with each other. The first and second auxiliary load-sharing shafts have identical structures and are mirror-symmetrically arranged with the axis of the first output shaft as the center. The first and second auxiliary load-sharing shafts are respectively located directly above and directly below the second output shaft. Each of the input shaft, the first output shaft, the second output shaft, the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft, and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft has an axially penetrating hollow flow channel. A cooling system is provided, comprising a shaft cooling unit, a spray cooling unit, and an end-face heat dissipation unit. The shaft cooling unit, in conjunction with a hollow flow channel, is used to cool the internal shafts of the input shaft, the first output shaft, the second output shaft, the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft, and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft. The spray cooling unit is used to spray and cool the gear meshing area of the transmission system. The end-face heat dissipation unit, in conjunction with a cooling channel, is used to dissipate heat from the sealed housing as a whole. A temperature sensing control system includes a temperature sensing network and a control terminal. The temperature sensing network includes a shaft temperature sensor group and a meshing area temperature sensor group. The shaft temperature sensor group is used to monitor the surface temperature of the input shaft, the first output shaft, the second output shaft, the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft, and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft. The meshing area temperature sensor group is used to monitor the gear meshing area of the transmission system. The control terminal is signal-connected to the temperature sensing network, the shaft cooling unit, the spray cooling unit, and the end-face heat dissipation unit.
2. The five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting cavity includes an input shaft cavity, a first output shaft cavity, a second output shaft cavity, a first auxiliary load-sharing shaft cavity, and a second auxiliary load-sharing shaft cavity that are interconnected; the input shaft cavity, the first output shaft cavity, the second output shaft cavity, the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft cavity, and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft cavity are all cylindrical.
3. The five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device and method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input shaft is provided with an input gear, the first output shaft is provided with an output gear and a first symmetrical drive gear; the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft is provided with a first driven gear and a second driven gear; the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft is provided with a third driven gear and a fourth driven gear; the second output shaft is provided with a second symmetrical drive gear. The input gear meshes with the output gear to achieve a transmission connection between the input shaft and the first output shaft; the first symmetrical drive gear meshes with both the first driven gear and the third driven gear simultaneously. The second symmetrical drive gear meshes with both the second driven gear and the fourth driven gear.
4. The five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial cooling unit includes a cooling circulation pipeline; the cooling circulation pipeline includes a storage tank and multiple cooling branch pipelines connected to the storage tank; the multiple cooling branch pipelines are respectively connected to the hollow flow channels of the input shaft, the first output shaft, the second output shaft, the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft; each cooling branch pipeline is equipped with a delivery pump and a flow regulating valve.
5. The five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the hollow flow channel is provided with a spiral guide plate, and the spiral angle of the guide plate is 15~30°.
6. The five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray cooling unit includes multiple spray modules installed in the mounting cavity; each spray module includes a rotating base and an atomizing nozzle.
7. The five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end-face heat dissipation unit includes a heat dissipation fin array integrally formed on the side of the sealed housing and an axial fan assembly disposed outside the heat dissipation fin array; the heat dissipation fin array is embedded with a cooling microchannel, which is connected to a cooling channel.
8. The five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the shaft temperature sensor group and the meshing area temperature sensor group include multiple fiber optic temperature sensors; the shaft temperature sensor group is arranged axially along the input shaft, the first output shaft, the second output shaft, the first auxiliary load-sharing shaft, and the second auxiliary load-sharing shaft, and the meshing area temperature sensor group is arranged along the meshing line of the gear meshing area.
9. A heat dissipation method, based on the five-axis symmetrical drive transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Temperature signal acquisition steps: The surface temperature signals of each shaft and the temperature signals of each gear meshing area in the transmission system are acquired synchronously through the shaft temperature sensor group and the meshing area temperature sensor group in the temperature sensing network. S2. Cooling demand analysis step: In the control terminal, based on the collected temperature signal, the overall heat load level and local overheating areas of the transmission system are analyzed and determined; S3. Graded Cooling Decision and Execution Steps: Based on the analysis results of the overall heat load level and local overheated areas, the control terminal generates corresponding control commands to selectively start, stop, or adjust one or more of the axial cooling unit, spray cooling unit, and end face heat dissipation unit in the cooling system, and sets the operating parameters of the selected unit.
10. The heat dissipation method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The tiered cooling decision-making and execution steps include: Establish a cooling level mapping relationship based on the highest temperature value (T_max); When T_max is lower than the first threshold (T1), the cooling system is controlled to be in standby or minimum power consumption state, mainly relying on the natural heat dissipation of the end face heat dissipation unit; When T_max reaches or exceeds the first threshold (T1) but is lower than the second threshold (T2), the axial cooling unit is activated to operate at a first preset flow rate. When T_max reaches or exceeds the second threshold (T2) but is lower than the third threshold (T3), the spray cooling unit is further activated in addition to the activation of the axial cooling unit. When T_max reaches or exceeds the third threshold (T3), the shaft cooling unit, spray cooling unit and end face heat dissipation unit are all activated, and at least one unit operates in an enhanced mode that is higher than its normal state.