Vehicle with battery replacement collet system, power battery box assembly and battery replacement method

Abstract

The invention provides a vehicle with a battery changing bottom support system, a power battery box assembly and a battery changing method.The vehicle comprises a battery changing bottom support, the top face of the battery changing bottom support is connected with a battery box, the battery box comprises a first rectangular frame, and the first rectangular frame comprises a hoisting frame at the top, a bottom frame at the bottom, a left frame and a right kettle frame; a battery cluster formed by stacking a plurality of power batteries PACK is arranged in the first rectangular frame, and a water cooling unit and a battery management system PDU are arranged in the hoisting frame; a lateral locking mechanism for limiting the battery box is arranged in the bottom frame, the lateral locking mechanism comprises a lateral pin, and the lateral pin can clamp the battery box and the battery replacing bottom support or is separated from the battery replacing bottom support under the hoisting of hoisting equipment. The spine-free tower type power battery is adopted, and in a limited space, the height of a battery box assembly of a new energy vehicle is reduced, the gravity center is lowered, the safety of the vehicle is improved, and the probability of vehicle accidents is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy vehicle technology, specifically to a vehicle with a battery swapping undercarriage system and a power battery box assembly, and a battery swapping method. Background Technology

[0002] New energy battery-swapping vehicles using clean energy are well-suited for short-distance transportation, including docking, external transport, and short-haul site operations and engineering transport. They are used frequently, with relatively fixed routes, and require large-volume, frequent operations, as well as all-weather operation. However, they require battery swapping for single-trip or round-trip travel to meet national environmental protection requirements. This presents several technical drawbacks: within limited space, the battery pack assembly of new energy vehicles is tall, resulting in a high center of gravity, lower vehicle safety, and a higher probability of accidents; the large frontal area of ​​the vehicles also leads to high energy consumption, reducing the profits of transportation companies and individuals.

[0003] Therefore, how to design a vehicle with a battery swapping undercarriage system and a power battery pack assembly, as well as a battery swapping method, has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a vehicle with a battery swapping undercarriage system and a power battery pack assembly, as well as a battery swapping method, to solve at least one of the aforementioned technical problems.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is: a vehicle battery swapping method with a battery swapping undercarriage system and a power battery pack assembly, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. The vehicle enters the battery swapping parking space;

[0007] S2. Removal of the old battery box:

[0008] ①The locking mechanism is unlocked.

[0009] The output end of the power source moves, causing the side pin to be pushed out from the second precision guide hole of the locking block, thus unlocking the side locking mechanism;

[0010] ② Hoisting the old battery box,

[0011] Under the hoisting of the hoisting equipment, the first precision guide hole of the bottom frame disengages from the positioning pin of the battery swapping base; the old battery box is detached from the battery swapping base.

[0012] S3, New battery box installation:

[0013] ① Hoisting the new battery box,

[0014] Under the hoisting equipment, the new battery box is positioned above the battery swapping base and aligned with the location. Three coarse guide structures are used to guide the new battery box when it is placed downwards.

[0015] ② Initial positioning and limiting of the new battery box.

[0016] For initial positioning, align the first precision guide hole of the bottom frame with the positioning pin of the battery swapping base, and then insert the positioning pin into the first precision guide hole;

[0017] Initial positioning: The limiting wave plate limits the new battery box, and the new battery box is placed on the battery swapping base.

[0018] ③ Lock the new battery box securely.

[0019] The lateral locking mechanism clamps the battery box and the battery swapping base, and the output end of the power source moves, driving the lateral pin into the second precision guide hole of the locking pressure block, thus clamping the battery box and the battery swapping base and keeping them in a fixed position to complete the battery swapping operation.

[0020] This invention employs a locking mechanism for unlocking. The battery box is detached from the battery swapping base using a hoisting device. The new battery box is then hoisted onto the base and aligned. A coarse guide structure guides the new battery box, and a positioning pin engages with the first fine guide hole to achieve initial positioning and limiting. The lateral pin of the lateral locking mechanism enters the second fine guide hole of the locking block, clamping the battery box and the battery swapping base to complete the swapping operation. This invention offers high installation precision, improves the stability of the swapping process, reduces the error rate, increases the efficiency of the swapping procedure, standardizes the operation, and avoids human error.

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is: a vehicle with a battery swapping support system and a power battery box assembly, including a battery swapping support system. The battery swapping support system includes a battery swapping support, the top surface of which is connected to the battery box. The battery box includes a first rectangular frame, which includes a top lifting frame and a bottom frame. A left frame and a right water tank frame are respectively provided on both sides between the lifting frame and the bottom frame. A battery cluster composed of multiple power battery PACK stacked structures is provided in the first rectangular frame. A water-cooled unit carrying the thermal management system and a battery management system PDU are provided in the lifting frame. A lateral locking mechanism for restricting the battery box is provided in the bottom frame. The lateral locking mechanism includes a lateral pin. When the lateral locking mechanism clamps, the lateral pin extends to clamp the battery box and the battery swapping support, keeping their positions fixed. When the lateral locking mechanism unlocks, the lateral pin retracts, and the battery box is lifted off the battery swapping support by the lifting equipment to perform the battery swapping operation.

[0022] This invention employs a first rectangular frame connected to a lower battery swapping base, which serves as a bottom mounting bracket for battery swapping. The left side frame of the first rectangular frame protects the battery terminals, the right side frame protects the battery thermal management system structure and expansion tank, a lifting frame supports the thermal management system water-cooling unit and the battery management system PDU, and the bottom frame, located at the bottom of the battery cluster, supports the power battery. A lateral locking mechanism is installed within the bottom frame to restrict the battery box. When the lateral locking mechanism clamps, a lateral pin extends, clamping the battery box and the battery swapping base to maintain their position. The battery pack is fixed in position; when the lateral locking mechanism is unlocked, the lateral pin retracts, and the battery box is lifted off the battery swapping base by the hoisting equipment for battery swapping. It adopts a spineless tower-type power battery composed of multiple power battery packs stacked together. In a limited space, it reduces the height of the battery pack assembly of new energy vehicles, lowers the center of gravity, improves vehicle safety, and reduces the probability of vehicle accidents; it also reduces the vehicle's frontal area, saves energy consumption, and increases the income of transportation companies and individuals; at the same time, it has the function of battery swapping, which can meet the needs of short-distance transportation users and national environmental protection requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the installation structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the battery swapping base mounting structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view of the lateral locking mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional view of the unlocked state of the battery box according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional view of the power battery PACK and bottom frame mounting structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the first rectangular frame and the power battery PACK installation structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the battery management system PDU and the installation structure of the hoisting frame of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Battery swapping base; 2. Battery box; 3. Left side frame; 4. Lifting frame; 5. Right side water bottle frame; 6. Bottom frame; 7. Power battery PACK; 8. First bolt; 9. First nut; 10. Lateral locking mechanism; 11. Limiting wave plate; 12. Flexible shock-absorbing buffer pad; 13. Positioning pin; 14. Coarse guide structure; 15. Contour sub-beam; 16. Locking fixing seat; 17. Second bolt; 18. Third bolt; 19. First spring washer; 20. First flat washer; 21. Second nut; 22. Fourth bolt; 23. ... 5. Bolt; 24. Expansion tank; 25. Sixth bolt; 26. Second spring washer; 27. Second flat washer; 28. Seventh bolt; 29. ​​Eighth bolt; 30. Water-cooled unit; 31. Ninth bolt; 32. Third spring washer; 33. Third flat washer; 34. Battery management system PDU; 35. Tenth bolt; 36. Fourth spring washer; 37. Fourth flat washer; 61. First precision guide hole; 62. Locking block; 101. Side pin; 102. Front baffle; 103. Guide sleeve; 104. Rear fixing seat; 105. Power source. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] See Figure 1-7 The structures, proportions, and sizes illustrated in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes and to aid those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this invention. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0033] Example 1: A vehicle with a battery swapping undercarriage system and a power battery pack assembly, referenced Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7The system includes a battery swapping support system, comprising a battery swapping support 1. The top surface of the battery swapping support 1 is connected to a battery box 2. The battery box 2 includes a first rectangular frame, which includes a top lifting frame 4 and a bottom frame 6. A left frame 3 and a right water tank frame 5 are respectively provided on both sides between the lifting frame 4 and the bottom frame 6. A battery cluster composed of multiple power battery PACK7 stacked structures is provided in the first rectangular frame. A water-cooled unit 30 carrying the thermal management system and a battery management system PDU 34 are provided in the lifting frame 4. A lateral locking mechanism 10 is provided in the bottom frame 6 to restrict the battery box 2. The lateral locking mechanism 10 includes a lateral pin 101. When the lateral locking mechanism 10 clamps, the lateral pin 101 extends to clamp the battery box 2 and the battery swapping support 1, keeping their positions fixed. When the lateral locking mechanism 10 unlocks, the lateral pin 101 retracts, and the battery box 2 is lifted off the battery swapping support 1 by the lifting equipment to perform the battery swapping operation. This invention employs a first rectangular frame connected to a lower battery swapping base, which serves as the bottom mounting bracket for battery swapping. The left side frame of the first rectangular frame protects the battery terminals, while the right side frame protects the battery thermal management system structure and expansion tank. A lifting frame supports the thermal management system's water-cooled unit and the battery management system's PDU. The bottom frame, located at the bottom of the battery cluster, supports the power battery and withstands overloads and torsional loads in the X, Y, and Z directions. A lateral locking mechanism is installed within the bottom frame to restrict the battery box. When the lateral locking mechanism clamps, a lateral pin extends, clamping the battery box and the battery swapping base to maintain their fixed position. When the lateral locking mechanism unlocks, the lateral pin retracts, and the battery box detaches from the battery swapping base under the lifting equipment for battery swapping operations. The power battery and battery management system PDU of the battery cluster are then connected. The battery management system (PDU) intelligently manages and maintains each battery cell, monitors battery status, and prevents overcharging and over-discharging to extend battery life. It employs a spineless tower-type power battery structure composed of multiple stacked power battery packs, reducing the overall height of the battery pack assembly in new energy vehicles within limited space, lowering the center of gravity, improving vehicle safety, and reducing the probability of accidents. It also reduces the vehicle's frontal area, saving energy and increasing profits for transportation companies and individuals. It is ideally suited for short-distance transport, including docking, external transport, and short-haul operations, as well as engineering transport, where there is high usage frequency, relatively fixed routes, large-volume, frequent operations, and all-weather application requirements. Single-line or round-trip battery swapping and replenishment can meet the needs of short-distance transport users and national environmental protection requirements.

[0034] Example 2: Based on Example 1, with reference to... Figure 5Each of the power battery PACK7 is a cuboid. A series of rectangular blind holes are arranged at intervals on the end face of the cuboid along its length. Each set of blind holes includes a first blind hole and a second blind hole below it. The area of ​​the first blind hole is smaller than the area of ​​the second blind hole. The top surface of the cuboid communicates with the end face of the first blind hole closest to it through a first through hole. The bottom surface of the cuboid communicates with the end face of the second blind hole closest to it through a second through hole. A first bolt 8 is installed in the second through hole. The first bolt 8 passes through the first through hole of the next power battery PACK7 and is connected to a first nut 9. This invention uses a first bolt passing through the first through hole of the next power battery PACK and connecting to a first nut, but is not limited to bolt connection. This achieves over-positioning and over-constraint, effectively forming a safety backup to prevent motion failure.

[0035] A second bolt 17 is provided in the second through hole of the power battery PACK7 on the top surface of the bottom frame 6. The second bolt 17 is connected to the screw hole on the top surface of the long side of the bottom frame 6. The present invention uses a second bolt to connect the power battery PACK7 and the bottom frame, but is not limited to bolt connection. It achieves over-positioning and over-constraint, effectively forming a safety backup to prevent motion failure. The bottom frame mainly bears the weight of the power battery and withstands overload and torsional load in the X, Y and Z directions.

[0036] refer to Figure 6 Several spaced third bolts 18 are provided on the long side of the bottom frame of the lifting frame 4. A second nut 21 is provided in the first through hole of the power battery PACK 7 on the bottom surface of the lifting frame 4. The third bolts 18 are connected to the second nut 21 after passing through the first spring washer 19, the first flat washer 20, and the through hole on the bottom frame of the lifting frame 4 in sequence. This invention uses a third bolt to connect to the second nut on the power battery PACK in sequence through the first spring washer, the first flat washer, the through hole on the bottom frame of the lifting frame, but is not limited to bolt connection. It achieves over-positioning and over-constraint, effectively forming a safety backup to prevent motion failure. The structure and space of the lifting frame meet the requirements for lifting the battery box and satisfy the needs of battery swapping vehicles.

[0037] Example 3: Based on Example 2, with reference to... Figure 2The battery swapping base 1 is a second rectangular frame. Six flexible shock-absorbing pads 12 are provided on the top surface of the second rectangular frame, and these pads are distributed at the four corners and the center of the long side of the second rectangular frame. A wave structure is provided at the bottom of the second rectangular frame, which limits the battery box 2 in the X and Y directions of the horizontal plane. This invention uses six flexible shock-absorbing pads distributed at the four corners and the center of the long side of the second rectangular frame for vertical lifting and protection under bumpy conditions; the wave structure limits the battery box in the X (front-back) and Y (left-right) directions of the horizontal plane; a sliding frame structure is provided at the bottom of the battery box, enabling smooth sliding in / out in the Z direction; a fixing seat is also provided at the bottom of the battery box, which restricts and fixes the Z-direction displacement of the battery box when clamped by the lateral locking mechanism.

[0038] Example 4: Based on Example 3, the second rectangular frame is provided with symmetrically arranged C-shaped beams and symmetrically arranged contoured secondary beams 15. The C-shaped beams are located in the middle of the top surface of the second rectangular frame; the openings of the C-shaped beams all face the center of the long side of the second rectangular frame; the contoured secondary beams 15 are located on the bottom surface of the second rectangular frame, and the contoured secondary beams 15 are located on the bottom surface of the opening end of the C-shaped beams.

[0039] refer to Figure 3 Each of the C-shaped beams has a symmetrically arranged locking and fixing seat 16 on the top surface of its closed end. A lateral locking mechanism 10 is provided on the locking and fixing seat 16. The lateral locking mechanism 10 also includes a power source 105. The power source 105 is located near the center of the second rectangular frame. A guide sleeve 103 is provided on the output end of the power source 105. The guide sleeve 103 passes through the through hole of the locking and fixing seat 16. A front baffle 102 and a rear fixing seat 104 are respectively provided at both ends of the guide sleeve 103. The rear fixing seat 104 is located near the base end of the power source 105. The front baffle 102 and the rear fixing seat 104 are respectively fixed to the two end faces of the locking and fixing seat 16. A lateral pin 101 is located on the end face of the output end of the power source 105 that protrudes from the end face of the front baffle 102. This invention employs a contoured sub-beam connected to the frame of a new energy vehicle; the power source includes all forms of power structures; its battery swapping method is as follows: when the lateral locking mechanism clamps, the lateral pin extends to clamp the battery box and the battery swapping base, keeping their positions fixed; when the lateral locking mechanism unlocks, the lateral pin retracts, and the battery box is lifted off the battery swapping base by the hoisting equipment to perform the battery swapping operation.

[0040] Example 5: Based on Example 4, with reference to... Figure 4 The top surface of the open end of the C-shaped beam is provided with a positioning pin 13, and four bases are provided in the bottom frame of the bottom frame 6. The center of the base is provided with a first precision guide hole 61, and the positioning pin 13 and the first precision guide hole 61 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0041] On the bottom frame of the bottom frame 6, locking press blocks 62 are arranged at intervals, and a second fine guiding hole is arranged on the locking press block 62, and the second fine guiding hole is arranged corresponding to the side pin 101;

[0042] Reference Figure 2 , the wave structure includes a set of guiding structures, and a set of guiding structures are located between the two short sides of the second rectangular frame and the closed end of the C-shaped beam. A set of guiding structures all include three coarse guiding structures 14, and the three coarse guiding structures 14 are located at the three vertices of an isosceles triangle. One of the coarse guiding structures 14 is located at the center of the short side of the second rectangular frame, and the other two coarse guiding structures 14 are located on the long sides of the second rectangular frame; Limiting wave plates 11 are arranged on the sides of the coarse guiding structures 14 away from the inside of the second rectangular frame. The present invention uses four positioning pins to cooperate with the first fine guiding holes of the bottom frame on the battery swapping bottom bracket to achieve precise positioning, ensure and realize the battery swapping accuracy; the side pins cooperate with the second fine guiding holes of the locking press blocks. When the side pins enter the second fine guiding holes, the battery box and the battery swapping bottom bracket can be clamped, or the side pins disengage from the second fine guiding holes and disengage from the battery swapping bottom bracket under the hoisting of the hoisting equipment; the three coarse guiding structures are respectively located at the center of the short side of the second rectangular frame and the two long sides inside the second rectangular frame for guiding the battery box.

[0043] Example Six. On the basis of Example Four, reference Figure 6 , the hoisting frame 4 is a third rectangular frame. On the two short sides of the bottom of the third rectangular frame, several third through holes and several fourth through holes are arranged at intervals. The left frame 3 is a first "mesh" - shaped frame, and several first screw holes are arranged on the top surface of the first "mesh" - shaped frame. The first screw holes are arranged corresponding to the third through holes one by one. Fourth bolts 22 are arranged in the third through holes, and the fourth bolts 22 are connected to the first screw holes;

[0044] The right water kettle frame 5 is a second "mesh" - shaped frame, and several second screw holes are arranged on the top surface of the second "mesh" - shaped frame. The second screw holes are arranged corresponding to the fourth through holes one by one. Fifth bolts 23 are arranged in the fourth through holes, and the fifth bolts 23 are connected to the second screw holes. The present invention uses fourth bolts to connect the hoisting frame and the left frame, and uses fifth bolts to connect the hoisting frame and the right water kettle frame, connecting the tops of the left frame and the right water kettle frame to the hoisting frame as a whole.

[0045] Embodiment 7: On the basis of Embodiment 6, several fifth through holes are provided on the bottom surface of the second "eye" - shaped frame, and an eighth bolt 29 is provided in the fifth through hole; several sixth through holes are provided on the bottom surface of the first "eye" - shaped frame, and a seventh bolt 28 is provided in the sixth through hole. The seventh bolt 28 and the eighth bolt 29 are respectively connected to the screw holes on the top surfaces of the two short sides of the bottom frame 6. In this invention, the eighth bolt is used to connect the right - hand water kettle frame and the bottom frame, and the seventh bolt is used to connect the left - hand frame, connecting the bottoms of the left - hand frame and the right - hand water kettle frame to the bottom frame as a whole.

[0046] Embodiment 8: On the basis of Embodiment 6, vertical rods arranged in parallel are provided in both the middle hole and the lower hole of the second "eye" - shaped frame. An expansion water kettle 24 is provided on the vertically - arranged rods. Flanges are provided on both sides of the expansion water kettle 24, and several seventh through holes are provided at intervals on the flanges. A sixth bolt 25 is provided in the seventh through hole. Third screw holes are provided at the corresponding positions of the vertical rods and the seventh through holes. The sixth bolt 25 sequentially passes through a second spring washer 26 and a second flat washer 27 and is connected to the third screw hole. In this invention, the sixth bolt sequentially passes through the second spring washer and the second flat washer and is connected to the third screw hole of the vertical rod to install and position the expansion water kettle; the thermal management system composed of the water - cooled unit and the expansion water kettle is connected to the battery, cooling the power battery through cooling technology, solving the problems of thermal runaway and performance degradation caused by extreme temperatures, and maintaining the battery pack working within the optimal working temperature range.

[0047] Embodiment 9: On the basis of Embodiment 6, referring to Figure 7 , a "well" - shaped frame is provided on the inner side of the bottom surface of the third rectangular frame. Several fourth screw holes are provided at intervals at both ends of the two cross - plates of the "well" - shaped frame. A water - cooled unit 30 is provided at both ends of the top surface of the "well" - shaped frame. Several first support feet are provided at intervals on the bottom surfaces of both sides of the water - cooled unit 30. A ninth bolt 31 is provided on the first support feet. The ninth bolt 31 sequentially passes through a third spring washer 32 and a third flat washer 33 and is connected to the fourth screw hole. In this invention, the ninth bolt sequentially passes through the third spring washer and the third flat washer and is connected to the fourth screw hole of the "well" - shaped frame, connecting the water - cooled unit and the lifting frame as a whole.

[0048] Example 10: Based on Example 9, a series of longitudinal beams are arranged at intervals above the bottom crossbeam of the third rectangular frame. Fifth screw holes are provided at both ends of the longitudinal beams. A battery management system (PDU) 34 is installed above the longitudinal beams. Second legs are arranged at intervals on both sides of the bottom surface of the PDU 34. A tenth bolt 35 is installed on each of the second legs. The tenth bolt 35 passes through the fourth spring washer 36 and the fourth flat washer 37 in sequence before connecting to the fifth screw hole. This invention uses a tenth bolt that passes through the fourth spring washer and the fourth flat washer in sequence before connecting to the fifth screw hole of the "well"-shaped frame, thus connecting the battery management system (PDU) and the hoisting frame as a single unit.

[0049] Example 11: A vehicle battery swapping method with a battery swapping undercarriage system and a power battery pack assembly, comprising the following steps:

[0050] S1. The vehicle enters the battery swapping parking space;

[0051] S2. Removal of the old battery box:

[0052] ①The locking mechanism is unlocked.

[0053] The output end of the power source 105 moves, causing the side pin 101 to be pushed out from the second fine guide hole of the locking block 62, thus unlocking the side locking mechanism 10;

[0054] ② Hoisting the old battery box,

[0055] Under the hoisting of the hoisting equipment, the first precision guide hole 61 of the bottom frame 6 is disengaged from the positioning pin 13 of the battery swapping base 1; the old battery box 2 is disengaged from the battery swapping base 1.

[0056] S3, New battery box installation:

[0057] ① Hoisting the new battery box,

[0058] Under the hoisting equipment, the new battery box 2 is positioned above the battery swapping base 1 and aligned. Three coarse guide structures 14 are used to guide the new battery box 2 when it is placed downwards.

[0059] ② Initial positioning and limiting of the new battery box.

[0060] For initial positioning, align the first precision guide hole 61 of the bottom frame 6 with the positioning pin 13 of the battery swapping base 1, and let the positioning pin 13 enter the first precision guide hole 61;

[0061] Initial positioning: The limiting wave plate 11 limits the new battery box 2, and the new battery box 2 is placed on the battery swapping base 1.

[0062] ③ Lock the new battery box securely.

[0063] The lateral locking mechanism 10 clamps the battery box 2 and the battery swapping base 1, and the output end of the power source 105 moves, driving the lateral pin 101 into the second precision guide hole of the locking block 62, clamping the battery box 2 and the battery swapping base 1, keeping their positions fixed, and completing the battery swapping operation. This invention uses a locking mechanism to unlock, and the battery box is removed from the battery swapping base using a hoisting device; the new battery box is then hoisted onto the battery swapping base and aligned in position using the hoisting device. The new battery box is initially positioned and limited by the coarse guide structure and the positioning pin engaging with the first precision guide hole. The lateral pin of the lateral locking mechanism enters the second precision guide hole of the locking block, clamping the battery box and the battery swapping base, completing the battery swapping operation. This method offers high installation accuracy, improves the stability of the battery swapping process, reduces the error rate, improves the efficiency of the battery swapping process, standardizes the operation process, and avoids human error.

[0064] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle with a battery swapping undercarriage system and a power battery pack assembly, comprising the battery swapping undercarriage system, characterized in that: The battery swapping support system includes a battery swapping support (1), the top surface of which is connected to the battery box (2). The battery box (2) includes a first rectangular frame, which includes a top lifting frame (4) and a bottom frame (6). A left frame (3) and a right water tank frame (5) are respectively provided on both sides between the lifting frame (4) and the bottom frame (6). A battery cluster composed of multiple power battery PACKs (7) is provided inside the first rectangular frame. A water tank supporting the thermal management system is provided inside the lifting frame (4). The refrigeration unit (30) and the battery management system PDU (34) are provided in the bottom frame (6) with a lateral locking mechanism (10) for restricting the battery box (2). The lateral locking mechanism (10) includes a lateral pin (101). When the lateral locking mechanism (10) clamps, the lateral pin (101) extends and clamps the battery box (2) and the battery swapping base (1) to keep their positions fixed. When the lateral locking mechanism (10) unlocks, the lateral pin (101) is retracted and the battery box (2) is lifted off the battery swapping base (1) by the hoisting equipment to perform the battery swapping operation.

2. The vehicle with a battery swapping undercarriage system and a power battery pack assembly as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the power battery PACKs (7) is a cuboid. The end face of the cuboid along its length is provided with a set of rectangular blind holes arranged at intervals. Each set of blind holes includes a first blind hole and a second blind hole below it. The area of ​​the first blind hole is smaller than the area of ​​the second blind hole. The top surface of the cuboid is connected to the end face of the first blind hole near it through a first through hole. The bottom surface of the cuboid is connected to the end face of the second blind hole near it through a second through hole. A first bolt (8) is provided in the second through hole. The first bolt (8) passes through the first through hole of the next power battery PACK (7) and is connected to the first nut (9). A second bolt (17) is provided in the second through hole of the power battery PACK (7) on the top surface of the bottom frame (6), and the second bolt (17) is connected to the screw hole on the top surface of the long side of the bottom frame (6). Several third bolts (18) are arranged at intervals on the long side of the bottom frame of the hoisting frame (4). A second nut (21) is provided in the first through hole of the power battery PACK (7) on the bottom surface of the hoisting frame (4). The third bolts (18) pass through the first spring washer (19), the first flat washer (20), and the through hole on the bottom frame of the hoisting frame (4) in sequence, and then connect to the second nut (21).

3. A vehicle with a battery swapping undercarriage system and a power battery pack assembly as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The battery swapping base (1) is a second rectangular frame. The top surface of the second rectangular frame is provided with six flexible shock-absorbing buffer pads (12). The six flexible shock-absorbing buffer pads (12) are respectively distributed at the four corners of the second rectangular frame and the center of the long side of the second rectangular frame. The bottom of the second rectangular frame is provided with a wave structure, which is used to limit the battery box (2) in the X and Y directions of the horizontal plane.

4. A vehicle with a battery swapping undercarriage system and a power battery pack assembly as described in claim 3, characterized in that: On the second rectangular frame, there are symmetrically arranged C-shaped beams and symmetrically arranged profiling auxiliary beams (15). The C-shaped beams are located in the middle of the top surface of the second rectangular frame; the openings of the C-shaped beams all face the center of the long side of the second rectangular frame; the profiling auxiliary beams (15) are located on the bottom surface of the second rectangular frame, and the profiling auxiliary beams (15) are located on the bottom surface of the opening ends of the C-shaped beams. On the top surface of the closed end of any one of the C-shaped beams, there are symmetrically arranged locking and fixing seats (16). The lateral locking mechanism (10) is arranged on the locking and fixing seats (16). The lateral locking mechanism (10) further includes a power source (105). A guide sleeve (103) is arranged on the output end of the power source (105). The guide sleeve (103) passes through the through hole of the locking and fixing seat (16). At both ends of the guide sleeve (103), there are respectively a front baffle (102) and a rear fixing seat (104). Among them, the rear fixing seat (104) is close to one end of the base of the power source (105). The front baffle (102) and the rear fixing seat (104) are respectively fixed to the two side end faces of the locking and fixing seat (16). The lateral pin (101) is located on the end face of the output end of the power source (105) that exposes the front baffle (102).

5. A vehicle with a battery swapping undercarriage system and a power battery pack assembly as described in claim 4, characterized in that: On the top surface of the opening end of the C-shaped beam, there is a positioning pin (13). There are four bases arranged in the bottom frame of the bottom frame (6). A first precision guiding hole (61) is arranged at the center of the base. The positioning pin (13) and the first precision guiding hole (61) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. On the bottom frame of the bottom frame (6), there are locking pressure blocks (62) arranged at intervals. A second precision guiding hole is arranged on the locking pressure block (62). The second precision guiding hole and the lateral pin (101) are arranged in correspondence. The wave structure includes a set of guiding structures. The set of guiding structures is located between the two short sides of the second rectangular frame and the closed end of the C-shaped beam. The set of guiding structures all includes three coarse guiding structures (14). The three coarse guiding structures (14) are located at the three vertices of an isosceles triangle. One of the coarse guiding structures (14) is located at the center of the short side of the second rectangular frame, and the other two coarse guiding structures (14) are located on the long side of the second rectangular frame; on the side far from the inside of the second rectangular frame of the coarse guiding structure (14), there are all limited wave plates (11) arranged.

6. A vehicle with a battery swapping undercarriage system and a power battery pack assembly as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting frame (4) is a third rectangular frame. On the two short sides at the bottom of the third rectangular frame, there are respectively several third through holes arranged at intervals and several fourth through holes arranged at intervals. The left frame (3) is a first "mesh" - shaped frame. There are several first screw holes arranged on the top surface of the first "mesh" - shaped frame. The first screw holes and the third through holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. A fourth bolt (22) is arranged in the third through hole. The fourth bolt (22) is connected to the first screw hole. The right kettle frame (5) is a second "mesh" - shaped frame. There are several second screw holes arranged on the top surface of the second "mesh" - shaped frame. The second screw holes and the fourth through holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. A fifth bolt (23) is arranged in the fourth through hole. The fifth bolt (23) is connected to the second screw hole.

7. A vehicle with a battery swapping undercarriage system and a power battery pack assembly as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the second "eye" - shaped frame is provided with several fifth through - holes, and an eighth bolt (29) is arranged in the fifth through - hole; the bottom surface of the first "eye" - shaped frame is provided with several sixth through - holes, and a seventh bolt (28) is arranged in the sixth through - hole. The seventh bolt (28) and the eighth bolt (29) are respectively connected to the screw holes on the top surfaces of the two short sides of the bottom frame (6).

8. A vehicle with a battery swapping undercarriage system and a power battery pack assembly as described in claim 6, characterized in that: Vertical rods arranged in parallel are provided in both the middle hole and the lower hole of the second "eye" - shaped frame. An expansion water kettle (24) is arranged on the vertical rods arranged in parallel. Flanges are provided on both sides of the expansion water kettle (24), and seventh through - holes arranged at intervals are provided on the flanges. A sixth bolt (25) is arranged in the seventh through - hole. Third screw holes are provided at the corresponding positions of the vertical rods and the seventh through - holes. The sixth bolt (25) passes through a second spring washer (26) and a second flat washer (27) in sequence and is connected to the third screw hole.

9. A vehicle with a battery swapping undercarriage system and a power battery pack assembly, and a battery swapping method according to claim 6, characterized in that: An "eight - shaped" frame is arranged inside the bottom surface of the third rectangular frame. Several fourth screw holes arranged at intervals are provided at both ends of the two cross - plates of the "eight - shaped" frame. Water - cooled units (30) are arranged at both ends of the top surface of the "eight - shaped" frame. Several first supporting feet arranged at intervals are provided on the bottom surfaces of both sides of the water - cooled units (30). A ninth bolt (31) is arranged on the first supporting feet. The ninth bolt (31) passes through a third spring washer (32) and a third flat washer (33) in sequence and is then connected to the fourth screw hole; Longitudinal beams arranged at intervals are provided above the bottom cross - beam of the third rectangular frame. Fifth screw holes are provided at both ends of the longitudinal beams. A battery management system PDU (34) is arranged above the longitudinal beams. Several second supporting feet arranged at intervals are provided on the bottom surfaces of both sides of the battery management system PDU (34). A tenth bolt (35) is arranged on the second supporting feet. The tenth bolt (35) passes through a fourth spring washer (36) and a fourth flat washer (37) in sequence and is then connected to the fifth screw hole.

10. A vehicle battery swapping method with a battery swapping undercarriage system and a power battery pack assembly, characterized in that: Including the following steps: S1. The vehicle drives into the battery swapping position; S2. Removal of the old battery box: ① The locking mechanism is unlocked, The output end of the power source (105) moves, driving the lateral pin (101) to be pushed out from the second precision guiding hole of the locking press block (62), completing the unlocking of the lateral locking mechanism (10); ② Lifting and removing the old battery box, Under the lifting of the lifting equipment, the first precision guiding hole (61) of the bottom frame (6) disengages from the positioning pin (13) of the battery swapping base (1); the old battery box (2) disengages from the battery swapping base (1). S3. Installation of the new battery box: ① Lifting and installing the new battery box, Under the lifting of the lifting equipment, the new battery box (2) is located above the battery swapping base (1) and aligned. Three rough guiding structures (14) are used for guiding when the new battery box (2) is placed downward; ② Preliminary positioning and limiting of the new battery box, For preliminary positioning, align the first precision guiding hole (61) of the bottom frame (6) with the positioning pin (13) of the battery swapping base (1), and the positioning pin (13) enters the first precision guiding hole (61); For preliminary limiting, the limiting corrugated plate (11) limits the new battery box (2), and the new battery box (2) is placed on the battery swapping base (1); ③ Locking of the new battery box, The side locking mechanism (10) clamps the power source (105) output end, which moves and drives the side pin (101) into the second fine guide hole of the locking block (62), clamping the battery box (2) and the battery swapping base (1) to keep their positions fixed and complete the battery swapping operation.

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