Surface layer additional type sound insulation cocoon house and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a surface layer additional type sound insulation cocoon house and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of architectural acoustic transformation. The sound insulation cocoon house is defined by a ground floating construction layer, a wall damping construction layer and a top face elastic construction layer, and a six-face physical decoupling independent inner container space is constructed. A honeycomb particle damping module is adopted in the wall damping structure layer, the internal space is divided into micro units arranged in an array mode through a multi-stage honeycomb core framework, and the units are divided into an upper-stage sub-cavity and a lower-stage sub-cavity which are communicated through throttling necks. The sub-cavities are filled with composite damping particle groups composed of elastic polymer particles and rigid ceramic particles in a graded mode, and the surfaces of the sub-cavities are covered with micro-perforated skin plates. A non-linear particle damping mechanism is used for replacing traditional fiber viscous energy dissipation, energy can still be efficiently dissipated at the wall surface boundary with the weak sound wave particle speed, and the low and medium frequency sound insulation performance is remarkably improved; meanwhile, gravitational accumulation and hardening of particles are prevented through a graded bearing structure, and the long-term acoustic stability of the sound insulation cocoon house is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of architectural acoustic renovation technology, specifically relating to a surface-attached soundproof cocoon and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In modern building acoustic environment renovation projects, to improve the sound insulation performance of specific rooms without altering the original building structure, a lightweight sound insulation structure with an additional surface layer is typically used. Current mainstream technologies often employ a light steel frame as the skeleton, filling the cavities with porous fiber sound-absorbing materials such as glass wool or rock wool, and sealing the exterior with gypsum board or calcium silicate board. This structure attempts to utilize the sound-absorbing properties of porous materials to dissipate transmitted sound energy and to block sound transmission through the mass law of the board material.

[0003] However, in practical applications, lightweight wall structures filled with porous fibers face significant performance bottlenecks. Observations have shown that these structures are less effective at blocking airborne sound in the 100Hz to 500Hz frequency range, which coincides with the fundamental frequency of adult male voices and low-frequency noise in everyday environments. This means that while the walls provide good blocking of high-frequency harsh sounds, the sound insulation effect remains unsatisfactory in environments with human conversations or traffic noise. Furthermore, due to the inherent bending wave characteristics of the panels, a coincidence effect occurs when the sound wave frequency coincides with the panel's critical frequency, causing a sharp drop in sound insulation at specific frequency ranges.

[0004] Given the current situation, it is urgent to find a solution on how to effectively improve the sound insulation performance of lightweight composite walls in the mid-to-low frequency range within the limited installation thickness. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a surface-layer additional soundproof cocoon and its construction method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is: a surface-attached soundproof cocoon, installed within the original building's interior space, comprising:

[0007] A ground-floating structural layer is laid flat on the surface of the original building floor slab;

[0008] The wall damping structure layer is erected on the ground floating structure layer, extending and enclosing along the surface of the original building wall;

[0009] The top elastic structural layer is suspended below the original building top surface and connected to the top edge of the wall damping structural layer;

[0010] The wall damping structure layer consists of, from the inside out, a keel frame unit, a honeycomb microparticle damping module, a flexible decoupling strip, and an external encapsulation panel. The keel frame unit forms a rectangular installation cavity, and the honeycomb microparticle damping module is embedded in the rectangular installation cavity. The flexible decoupling strip is located between the honeycomb microparticle damping module and the external encapsulation panel.

[0011] Preferably, the honeycomb microparticle damping module includes a multi-level honeycomb core skeleton and a composite damping particle group filled inside the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton; the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton is provided with an array of crystal units; the composite damping particle group is composed of a mixture of elastic polymer particles and rigid ceramic particles.

[0012] Preferably, each lattice unit has an inwardly contracting throttling orifice at the center of the vertical direction of gravity, which divides the lattice unit into a connected upper sub-chamber and a lower sub-chamber; the horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the throttling orifice is smaller than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the lattice unit, and is used to grade and support the composite damping particle group.

[0013] Preferably, in the upper sub-chamber, the volume percentage of elastic polymer particles is 80% to 100%.

[0014] Preferably, in the lower sub-chamber, the volume percentage of rigid ceramic particles is 40% to 60%, and the remainder is elastic polymer particles.

[0015] Preferably, the cellular microparticle damping module further includes a microperforated skin plate covering the surface of the multi-level cellular core skeleton facing the interior of the soundproof cocoon.

[0016] Preferably, the ground floating structure layer consists of an elastic damping pad layer, a polyethylene isolation membrane, and a floating mass layer from bottom to top; the elastic damping pad layer is made of rubber particles mixed and cured with polyurethane adhesive; the floating mass layer is a fine stone concrete structure with internal steel mesh.

[0017] Preferably, the top elastic structural layer includes an array of elastic hanging components, a top keel and a sound-absorbing layer connected below the elastic hanging components, and a bottom top sealing plate; the elastic hanging components are composed of metal expansion bolts anchored to the original building top surface, steel helical springs and damping rubber pads connected in series.

[0018] Preferably, the ground floating structure layer, the wall damping structure layer and the top elastic structure layer form a continuous acoustic interface at their geometric junctions through an airtight sealing material; the external encapsulation panel is made of two layers of boards bonded together in a staggered manner, with the seams filled with acoustic sealant.

[0019] Another technical solution provided by the present invention: a construction method for a surface-layer additional soundproof cocoon, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1: Lay an elastic damping pad layer and a poured floating mass layer sequentially on the surface of the original building floor slab to construct a ground floating structure layer;

[0021] S2: Install the keel frame unit in the wall damping structure layer on the upper surface of the ground floating structure layer, and install the elastic hanging components in the top elastic structure layer and the top keel and the top keel frame in the sound absorption layer on the original building top surface.

[0022] S3: A honeycomb microparticle damping module is embedded in the rectangular mounting cavity of the keel frame unit and a flexible decoupling pressure strip is set. Cavity sound-absorbing filler is filled in the top keel frame in the top keel and sound-absorbing layer.

[0023] S4: Install the external encapsulation panel in the wall damping structure layer and the top sealing plate in the top elastic structure layer respectively, and perform airtight sealing treatment between the ground floating structure layer, the wall damping structure layer and the top elastic structure layer.

[0024] This invention provides a surface-attached soundproof cocoon and its construction method. By introducing a honeycomb microparticle damping module based on a nonlinear microparticle damping mechanism into the wall damping structure layer, and combining it with the internal chamber structure and particle ratio, it significantly overcomes the technical bottlenecks of low low-frequency energy dissipation efficiency of traditional porous fiber materials in thin-walled walls and the tendency for gravity settlement during vertical installation. This achieves optimized acoustic performance of the soundproof cocoon across the entire frequency band and improved physical stability during long-term use, resulting in the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The wall damping structure layer replaces the traditional porous fiber filling layer with honeycomb microparticle damping modules. A multi-level honeycomb core skeleton divides the internal space into micro-units, which are filled with composite damping particle groups. This alters the sound energy dissipation mechanism within the wall, converting mechanical energy into heat energy through inelastic collisions and shear friction between particles when sound waves induce minute wall displacements. Because the nonlinear microparticle damping mechanism is sensitive to displacement rather than velocity, it maintains extremely high energy dissipation efficiency even at wall boundaries where sound wave particle velocities approach zero. Compared to traditional porous fiber materials that rely on air molecule viscous friction and whose energy dissipation efficiency significantly decreases at velocity nodes, this invention significantly improves the wall structure's ability to block mid-to-low frequency airborne sound, effectively solving the common problem of poor sound insulation in the fundamental frequency band of human voice in surface-attached structures.

[0026] Building upon the aforementioned honeycomb microparticle damping module, this invention further incorporates a throttling inlet within the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton. This physically divides a single lattice unit into interconnected upper and lower sub-cavities in the vertical direction. The structural resistance tiers the weight of the internal composite damping particle group, preventing excessive transfer and accumulation of particles to the bottom of the lower sub-cavities under long-term gravity. This ensures that the particles within the lower sub-cavities remain in a loose state capable of free collision, preventing damping performance degradation due to over-compaction. It also eliminates acoustic bridges formed by the overall settling of the filler at the top of the wall. Compared to traditional vertical filling structures that suffer from top sound leakage and bottom hardening due to gravity, this invention ensures the uniformity and stability of the acoustic performance of the soundproof cocoon over its long service life.

[0027] Based on the aforementioned hierarchical chamber structure, this invention further implements differentiated ratio control of the composite damping particle groups in the upper and lower sub-chambers. The upper sub-chamber is mainly filled with elastic polymer particles with high viscoelasticity, while the lower sub-chamber is mainly filled with rigid ceramic particles with high hardness. Targeted optimization is carried out according to the stress state and functional requirements of different chambers: the viscous characteristics of the elastic polymer particles in the upper sub-chamber are used to buffer vibration impacts and protect the lower structure, while the intense inelastic collisions of the rigid ceramic particles in the lower sub-chamber maximize the dissipation of vibration energy. This achieves the synergistic work of viscous damping and frictional damping. Compared with single material or uniform mixing filling, this further improves the capture and dissipation efficiency of broadband vibration energy, achieving customized enhancement of acoustic performance.

[0028] Furthermore, this invention covers the surface of the honeycomb microparticle damping module with an adhesive microperforated skin plate, which, together with the free-moving particle zones reserved inside the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton, constitutes a Helmholtz resonant sound-absorbing structure. When sound waves are incident on the surface of the microperforated skin plate, the air column at the neck of the micropores vibrates reciprocally under the action of sound pressure, and undergoes intense friction with the pore walls, thereby consuming sound energy. This is specifically optimized for the mid-frequency human voice band, effectively compensating for the energy consumption shortcomings of microparticle damping at specific frequencies. It complements the energy consumption mechanism of the internal composite damping particle group, further reducing the transmission of mid-frequency sound waves and improving indoor speech intelligibility and acoustic comfort. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1This is a structural diagram of a surface-layer-attached soundproof cocoon;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the wall damping structure layer;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the honeycomb microparticle damping module;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction method of a surface-layer-attached soundproof cocoon.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Ground floating structure layer; 2. Wall damping structure layer; 3. Top elastic structure layer; 11. Elastic damping pad layer; 12. Floating mass layer; 21. Keel frame unit; 22. Honeycomb microparticle damping module; 23. Flexible decoupling strip; 24. External encapsulation panel; 221. Multi-level honeycomb core frame; 222. Composite damping particle group; 223. Micro-perforated skin panel; 31. Elastic hanging assembly; 32. Top keel and sound-absorbing layer; 33. Top sealing panel. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials described below may be commercially available or prepared using conventional methods in the art.

[0040] Application Overview:

[0041] This invention reveals that the fundamental reason for the low-frequency failure of porous fiber materials in surface-attached structures in the prior art lies in the physical limitations of their sound absorption mechanism. The sound absorption of porous materials relies on the viscous friction of air molecules within the pores, and this energy dissipation efficiency is directly proportional to the particle velocity of the sound wave. In space-constrained surface-attached structures, the sound-absorbing material layer is tightly attached to the wall or rigid panel, and the rigid interface is both the antinode of sound pressure and the node of particle velocity (the velocity approaches zero). Therefore, the fiber material located at the velocity node cannot generate sufficient viscous friction to dissipate energy. Simultaneously, simple fiber material filling cannot alter the linear stiffness characteristics of the wall system, making it difficult to disrupt the resonance and matching modes of the panel at specific frequencies.

[0042] Based on this, the present invention aims to overcome the challenge of establishing a high-efficiency energy dissipation system that does not rely on viscous friction mechanism under the boundary conditions of wall where the velocity of sound wave particles is weak, so as to break through the sound insulation bottleneck of mid-to-low frequency airborne sound. On this basis, it further overcomes the challenge of maintaining the uniformity of the distribution and the degree of freedom of movement of the dispersed energy dissipation medium in vertical structures, and prevents hardening and top sound leakage caused by gravity accumulation.

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a surface-attached soundproof cocoon, installed within the original building's interior space, includes:

[0044] Ground floating structure layer 1 is laid flat on the surface of the original building floor slab, forming the bottom load-bearing and vibration isolation boundary of the soundproof cocoon;

[0045] The wall damping structure layer 2 is erected on the ground floating structure layer 1, extending along the surface of the original building wall and enclosing it to form the lateral acoustic enclosure boundary of the soundproof cocoon.

[0046] The top elastic structural layer 3 is suspended below the original building top surface and connected to the top edge of the wall damping structural layer 2 to form the top closed boundary of the soundproof cocoon.

[0047] The aforementioned structural layers create a six-sided enclosed inner space within the original building. The ground-floating structural layer 1 serves as the supporting platform for the entire soundproof cocoon, using its internal elastic medium to cut off solid-borne impact sound and structural vibrations transmitted upwards from the original building's floor slab, while simultaneously bearing the vertical load of the wall-damping structural layer 2. The wall-damping structural layer 2 acts as the primary energy-dissipating barrier for airborne sound, receiving and dissipating incident sound wave energy from inside or outside the room through its internal damping mechanism. Its bottom end is non-rigidly connected to the ground-floating structural layer 1, while its top end is sealed to the top elastic structural layer 3, blocking horizontal sound wave transmission. The top elastic structural layer 3 isolates vibrations from the upper structure of the original building through flexible suspension and seals the sound field. At all geometrical junctions, the ground-floating structural layer 1, wall-damping structural layer 2, and top elastic structural layer 3 form a continuous acoustic interface through airtight sealing materials, collectively blocking airborne and solid-borne sound transmission paths, achieving independent control of the internal acoustic environment.

[0048] Based on the design principles of each structural layer, each structural layer will be described in detail below.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the ground floating structure layer 1 is laid between the original building floor slab and the wall damping structure layer 2. It is used to cut off the sound transmission path from the original building floor slab to the solid structure inside the soundproof cocoon, and at the same time provides a flat, solid installation base with vibration isolation performance for the wall damping structure layer 2, bearing the vertical load transmitted by it. The ground floating structure layer 1 consists of an elastic damping pad layer 11 and a floating mass layer 12 from bottom to top. The two layers are connected by a polyethylene isolation membrane. By utilizing the difference in acoustic impedance between different media, the dissipation of vibration energy and the blocking of sound transmission are efficiently completed.

[0050] The elastic damping pad 11 is entirely covered on the upper surface of the original building floor slab. It is composed of 80% to 85% recycled rubber granules or EPDM rubber granules by volume and 15% to 20% by volume of a single-component moisture-curing polyurethane adhesive. The molding process of the elastic damping pad 11 combines mold pressing and curing. First, the two raw materials are mixed evenly in proportion, and then subjected to pressure molding or continuous calendering at 3MPa to 5MPa. After that, it is placed in an environment of 100℃ to 120℃ for vulcanization or curing, finally forming a plate-like or roll-like structure with a thickness of 5mm to 15mm and an internal distribution of irregular voids of 100μm to 1mm. The dynamic stiffness is strictly controlled at 10MN / m. 3 Up to 30MN / m 3Based on the synergistic effect of viscous damping and air spring, the elastic damping pad 11 can efficiently dissipate vibration energy: when the vibration of the original building floor slab is transmitted to the pad, the internal polymer chain segments slide relative to each other and generate viscous friction, converting the mechanical energy of vibration into heat energy; at the same time, the small air cavities formed by the irregular gaps inside are repeatedly compressed and rebounded under the action of vibration, forming an air spring effect to buffer the vibration impact. The dual action together completes the initial dissipation of vibration energy, providing a reliable pre-guarantee for the vibration isolation function of the subsequent floating mass layer 12.

[0051] A floating mass layer 12 is laid on the upper surface of the elastic damping pad layer 11. A polyethylene isolation film with a thickness of 0.2mm to 0.5mm is added between the two layers to effectively prevent cement slurry from seeping into the internal voids of the elastic damping pad layer 11 during the pouring of the floating mass layer 12, thus avoiding damage to its damping and elastic properties. The floating mass layer 12 is composed of 15% to 20% by weight of silicate cement, 60% to 70% of medium sand and crushed stone aggregate, 10% to 15% of water, and 0.5% to 1% of polypropylene crack-resistant fiber. It is internally wrapped with a steel mesh with a diameter of 4mm to 6mm. The mesh spacing is set according to the actual load requirements to improve structural strength and prevent cracking under long-term load. The molding process requires a hydration reaction of no less than 14 days in an environment with a humidity greater than 90% to form a density greater than 2200kg / m³. 3 A rigid structure with a thickness of 40mm to 50mm. Relying on its large surface density to form inertial impedance, the floating mass layer 12 can effectively block vibration transmission: when the vibration transmitted by the elastic damping pad layer 11 attempts to drive its movement, the inertial impedance will generate reverse resistance, resisting the structural vibration excited by the sound wave, preventing the vibration energy from being further transmitted into the soundproof cocoon. At the same time, its rigid structure can stably bear the vertical load of the wall damping structure layer 2, ensuring the installation stability of the wall damping structure layer 2, and realizing the cutting off of the vibration energy transmitted from the original building floor slab to the soundproof cocoon through the solid.

[0052] A 5mm to 10mm gap is left between the perimeter of the floating mass layer 12 and the original building wall. The gap is filled with vertical strips of closed-cell polyethylene foam, which effectively blocks lateral sound transmission through elastic isolation. After the vertical strips of closed-cell polyethylene foam fill the gap, the floating mass layer 12 is completely isolated from the original building wall, avoiding direct contact between the two and the formation of a rigid sound transmission path. When the floating mass layer 12 vibrates, the strips will undergo elastic deformation, buffering the lateral transmission of vibration. At the same time, it provides sufficient buffer space for the hydration shrinkage of the floating mass layer 12, preventing it from cracking due to shrinkage. This completely cuts off the lateral solid sound transmission path from the floating mass layer 12 to the original building wall, preventing vibration energy from leaking through lateral conduction and ensuring the overall sound insulation effect of the ground floating structure layer 1.

[0053] like Figure 2 The wall damping structure layer 2 is positioned between the ground floating structure layer 1 and the top elastic structure layer 3, and is laid laterally around the soundproof cocoon to form a closed lateral acoustic enclosure structure for efficient dissipation of broadband airborne sound energy. The joints between the wall damping structure layer 2 and the ground floating structure layer 1 and the top elastic structure layer 3 are all airtightly sealed to ensure the continuity of the acoustic interface and prevent sound energy leakage through the joint gaps. The wall damping structure layer 2 consists, from the inside out, of a keel frame unit 21, a honeycomb microparticle damping module 22, a flexible decoupling strip 23, and an external encapsulation panel 24. These components work together to maximize sound energy dissipation within a space with limited thickness, based on a nonlinear microparticle damping mechanism and the Helmholtz resonance principle.

[0054] The keel frame unit 21 serves as the mechanical support for the wall damping structural layer 2, fixing the honeycomb particle damping module 22, the flexible decoupling strip 23, and the external encapsulation panel 24. Simultaneously, it transfers the vertical load of the wall damping structural layer 2 to the ground-level floating structural layer 1, achieving a stable connection with the top elastic structural layer 3. The keel frame unit 21 is assembled from multiple vertical light steel keels and horizontal through-core keels. Both the vertical light steel keels and the horizontal through-core keels are made of hot-dip galvanized cold-formed thin-walled steel, connected and fixed together by bolts to form a continuous rectangular installation cavity. The cavity dimensions precisely match the external dimensions of the honeycomb particle damping module 22, ensuring seamless embedding and maintaining the continuity of acoustic performance.

[0055] The bottom of the keel frame unit 21 is fixed to the surface of the floating mass layer 12 of the ground floating structure layer 1 via U-shaped ground keels. The U-shaped ground keels and the floating mass layer 12 are anchored with expansion bolts, and the anchoring spacing is set to 400mm to 600mm according to the load requirements to ensure a firm fixation. The top is connected to the top keel frame of the top elastic structure layer 3 via U-shaped top keels, using a snap-fit ​​connection method. While ensuring the stability of the connection, a certain amount of small displacement space is reserved to accommodate small deformations during vibration. Between the keel frame unit 21 and the original building wall, a rubber vibration isolation pad with a thickness of 5mm to 10mm is added. This vibration isolation pad is made of nitrile rubber with a Shore hardness of 50A to 60A, and covers the entire surface of the keel frame unit 21 facing the original building wall, blocking rigid sound transmission through elastic vibration isolation. When the mechanical vibration of the original building wall is transmitted to the rubber vibration isolation pad, the molecular chains inside undergo elastic deformation, converting the mechanical energy of the vibration into heat energy to dissipate the energy. At the same time, the elastic properties cut off the rigid contact between the keel frame unit 21 and the original building wall, avoiding the formation of a rigid sound bridge, effectively reducing the risk of vibration energy leakage into the soundproof cocoon through the keel frame unit 21, and ensuring the lateral sound insulation effect.

[0056] The honeycomb particle damping module 22 is an acoustic energy dissipation component of the wall damping structure layer 2. It is embedded in the rectangular mounting cavity of the keel frame unit 21, with the installation direction consistent with the vertical line of gravity. The thickness is 50mm to 75mm, which is completely matched with the cavity depth of the keel frame unit 21 to achieve gapless installation and prevent sound energy from being transmitted through gaps.

[0057] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the honeycomb microparticle damping module 22 consists of a multi-level honeycomb core skeleton 221, a composite damping particle group 222, and a micro-perforated skin plate 223. The three are bonded and fixed into a whole by a special adhesive, which works together to achieve broadband sound energy dissipation and long-term stable retention of the damping medium.

[0058] The multi-level honeycomb core skeleton 221 serves as the load-bearing carrier for the composite damping particle group 222. It is made of aluminum alloy or impregnated paper and manufactured using a one-piece molding process. Internally, it contains an array of hexagonal lattice units with side lengths ranging from 10mm to 20mm depending on the installation space requirements, balancing load-bearing capacity and ease of installation. Each hexagonal lattice unit has an inwardly contracting throttling orifice at its center along the vertical direction of gravity. The horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​this throttling orifice is 30% to 50% of the average cross-sectional area of ​​the hexagonal lattice unit, effectively dividing each lattice unit into upper and lower sub-chambers. This layered load-bearing of the damping medium is achieved through structural resistance. The composite damping particle group 222 in the upper sub-chamber generates downward pressure under the action of gravity. When this pressure acts on the throttling orifice, the contraction structure generates reverse structural resistance, effectively supporting the particle group in the upper sub-chamber and preventing it from falling directly into the lower sub-chamber due to gravity. This maintains the loose state and freedom of movement of the composite damping particle group 222 in the lower sub-chamber, prevents the particle group from hardening at the bottom due to long-term gravity accumulation, ensures the long-term stable energy dissipation performance of the damping medium, and extends its service life.

[0059] Composite damping particle clusters 222 are loosely packed into the upper and lower sub-cavities of the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton 221, with a packing volume of 50% to 70% of the total internal volume of the lattice unit. The remaining 30% to 50% of the volume serves as a free movement zone for the particles, providing ample space for particle movement and ensuring energy dissipation efficiency. The composite damping particle clusters 222 are composed of a mixture of elastic polymer particles and rigid ceramic particles, wherein the density of the elastic polymer particles is 0.9 g / cm³. 3 Up to 1.2 g / cm 3 The Shore hardness is 40A to 60A, and the material is selected from polyurethane or butyl rubber; the density of rigid ceramic particles is 2.5g / cm³. 3 Up to 3.5g / cm 3The Vickers hardness is greater than 1000 HV, and the material is selected from alumina or zirconium oxide. Based on the stress state of different sub-chambers, the particle ratio is designed differently: the volume of elastic polymer particles accounts for 80% to 100% in the upper sub-chamber, the volume of rigid ceramic particles accounts for 40% to 60% in the lower sub-chamber, and the rest is elastic polymer particles, ensuring that the degree of freedom of movement and energy consumption efficiency of the particle group are adapted to the needs of different areas. The composite damping particle group 222 achieves broadband sound energy dissipation based on the nonlinear particle damping effect. When the incident sound wave causes the wall damping structure layer 2 to generate micron-level displacement vibration, the particle group gains kinetic energy in the free motion region and generates irregular motion relative to the inner wall of the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton 221. During the motion, inelastic collisions and shear friction between particles and between particles and the inner wall of the skeleton are triggered, converting the mechanical energy of the structural vibration into heat energy for dissipation. At the same time, its random motion can change the local mass distribution and damping characteristics of the wall damping structure layer 2, suppress the coincidence effect and resonance mode of the external encapsulation panel 24 at a specific frequency, reduce the sound wave transmission, and finally achieve efficient dissipation of broadband airborne sound energy, improving lateral sound insulation performance.

[0060] A micro-perforated skin panel 223 is bonded to the surface of the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton 221 facing the interior of the soundproof cocoon. The material is aluminum plate or high-density fiberboard with a thickness of 0.8mm to 1.2mm. The surface is uniformly distributed with circular micropores of 0.5mm to 0.8mm in diameter, with a perforation rate controlled at 1% to 3%, arranged in a square array to balance acoustic performance and structural strength. The micro-perforated skin panel 223 and the free-moving back cavity within the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton 221 together constitute a Helmholtz resonant sound-absorbing structure. The resonant frequency falls within the 500Hz to 2000Hz mid-frequency range where human voices are mainly distributed, achieving targeted optimization of mid-frequency sound energy dissipation based on the Helmholtz resonant sound absorption principle. When sound waves of this frequency band are incident on the surface of the skin panel, the air column at the neck of the micropores will reciprocate under the action of sound wave pressure. After rubbing against the hole wall, the mid-frequency sound wave energy is converted into heat energy, completing the targeted dissipation of mid-frequency human voice energy. This effectively makes up for the shortcomings of insufficient mid-frequency targeting in broadband sound energy dissipation, further reducing the mid-frequency sound wave transmission and improving the acoustic environment quality inside the soundproof cocoon.

[0061] The flexible decoupling strip 23 is set at the contact interface between the honeycomb microparticle damping module 22 and the external encapsulation panel 24. It is continuously distributed along the vertical and horizontal flanges of the keel frame unit 21 without gaps to ensure the continuity of the acoustic interface. The material is polyurethane memory foam or magnetic rubber with slow rebound characteristics. The initial thickness is 3mm to 5mm. After the external encapsulation panel 24 is installed and locked, it is compressed to 1mm to 2mm. The compression amount is strictly controlled between 40% and 60% of the initial thickness to ensure stable rebound force. The flexible decoupling strip 23 maintains the working state of the damping particles through elastic rebound force, while blocking rigid sound bridges: the constant normal rebound force generated after compression acts uniformly on the surface of the honeycomb microparticle damping module 22, which can maintain the composite damping particle group 222 in a critical contact state that can generate stick-slip friction, ensuring the energy dissipation efficiency of the particle group; at the same time, its elastic characteristics can effectively cut off the rigid connection between the keel skeleton unit 21 and the honeycomb microparticle damping module 22, avoiding the formation of rigid sound bridges, further reducing the transmission of vibration energy through the connection parts, ensuring the overall energy dissipation effect of the wall damping structure layer 2, and achieving a dual improvement in acoustic performance and structural stability.

[0062] The external encapsulation panel 24 is fixed to the outer flange of the keel frame unit 21 with self-tapping screws. The screw spacing is controlled between 200mm and 300mm, and the head adopts a countersunk design, flush with the panel surface, which ensures both aesthetic installation and avoids the formation of local sound bridges. This panel can completely enclose the internal honeycomb particle damping module 22 and the flexible decoupling strip 23, forming the outer protective surface of the wall damping structure layer 2. At the same time, based on the synergistic effect of inertial reflection and damping dissipation, it achieves effective sound wave blocking. When sound waves are incident on the external encapsulation panel 24, it reflects most of the incident sound waves due to the inertial impedance generated by its large surface density. The transmitted sound waves that are not reflected are guided into the internal honeycomb particle damping module 22 for complete dissipation. The external encapsulation panel 24 adopts a composite structure design, consisting of a first layer of high-density gypsum board and a second layer of sound insulation and damping board. The first layer is 12mm to 15mm thick, and the second layer is 3mm to 5mm thick. The two layers are bonded and fixed with a special adhesive, with a bonding strength greater than 0.3MPa. A staggered installation method is used, with a staggered joint width of not less than 100mm, and the filling density at the board joints is 1.2g / cm³. 3 Up to 1.5g / cm 3 The acoustic sealant, with a Shore A hardness of 50 to 60 after curing, ensures the airtightness and integrity of the panel. The panel's surface density is greater than 20 kg / m³. 2 By reflecting airborne sound waves through its own inertial mass, the amount of transmission is reduced. At the same time, the second layer of sound insulation damping board can increase the mechanical loss of the composite board and further dissipate the vibration energy transmitted to the panel. Ultimately, it can reduce the transmission of incident sound waves and prevent sound energy from leaking through the board seams, thus fully ensuring the lateral acoustic enclosure performance of the wall damping structure layer 2.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, the top elastic structural layer 3 is suspended below the original building's top surface and seamlessly connected to the top edge of the wall damping structural layer 2. It cuts off the transmission of solid impact sound from the original building's top surface to the upper floor slab, while effectively isolating airborne sound transmission. This provides a closed top acoustic interface for the soundproof cocoon, working in conjunction with the ground floating structural layer 1 and the wall damping structural layer 2 to form a six-sided closed acoustic protection system. Vertically, the top elastic structural layer 3 consists of, from top to bottom, elastic suspension components 31, top keel and sound-absorbing layer 32, and top sealing plate 33. All components are connected using elastic connections, forming a non-rigid mechanical connection that achieves efficient dissipation of vibration energy and sound transmission blocking.

[0064] The elastic suspension components 31 are fixed to the original building roof in an array with an array spacing of 600mm to 800mm. This not only stably suspends the overall weight of the elastic structural layer 3 on the original building roof, but also blocks the solid sound transmission path through the synergistic effect of elastic suspension and damping dissipation. The elastic suspension assembly 31 consists of a series of metal expansion bolts, a steel helical spring, and a damping rubber pad. The metal expansion bolts are anchored within the original building's roof concrete structure with an anchoring depth of not less than 80mm, providing a stable fixed support for the entire assembly. The steel helical spring connects the metal expansion bolts to the suspension rod. The steel wire diameter is 3mm to 5mm, the stiffness coefficient is 5N / mm to 10N / mm, and the static compression deformation under rated static load is 15mm to 25mm. It can convert vibrational mechanical energy into elastic potential energy through elastic deformation, and then dissipate some of the energy through internal friction. The damping rubber pad is located at the connection interface between the steel helical spring and the suspension rod. It is made of nitrile rubber, with a Shore hardness of 50A to 60A and a thickness of 5mm to 8mm. It can further dissipate vibrational energy through internal molecular friction, improving the vibration isolation effect. The elastic suspension component 31, together with the suspended top keel, sound-absorbing layer 32, and top sealing plate 33, constitute a single-degree-of-freedom vibration system. The system's natural frequency is 6Hz to 8Hz, which can significantly attenuate the impact vibration of the floor slab with a frequency greater than 12Hz, reduce the transmission of vibration energy into the soundproof cocoon, and cut off the solid impact sound transmission from the original building top to the upper floor slab, blocking the transmission of vibration energy through the top surface to the soundproof cocoon.

[0065] The top keel and sound-absorbing layer 32 are located below the elastic suspension assembly 31 and consist of two parts: the top keel frame and the cavity sound-absorbing filler. The top keel frame provides stable installation support for the top sealing panel 33, while the cavity sound-absorbing filler, based on the principle of porous sound absorption, achieves initial dissipation of airborne sound, thus assisting the subsequent sound insulation function of the top sealing panel 33. The top keel frame is formed by orthogonally connecting the main keel and the secondary keel with metal fasteners. The main keel is suspended from the lower end of the elastic suspension assembly 31 and fixed with bolts at intervals of 600mm to 800mm. The secondary keel is installed perpendicular to the main keel, with a center-to-center distance of 300mm to 400mm between adjacent secondary keels. Both the main keel and the secondary keel are made of hot-dip galvanized cold-formed thin-walled steel, with cross-sectional dimensions precisely set according to load requirements. After assembly, they form a regular grid cavity, providing installation space for the cavity sound-absorbing filler. The sound-absorbing filling material is densely packed within the mesh cavity without any gaps. The material used has a thickness of 50mm to 100mm and a density of 24kg / m³. 3 Up to 48kg / m 3 Air resistance 10000 Pa·s / m 2 Up to 20000 Pa·s / m 2 The polyester fiber cotton or centrifugal glass wool has excellent sound absorption properties. When airborne sound waves reach this layer, they smoothly enter the pores inside the filling material. Air molecules rub against the fiber pore walls, converting sound energy into heat energy, completing the initial dissipation of airborne sound and reducing the amount of sound waves transmitted to the top sealing plate 33. The surface of the cavity sound-absorbing filling material is covered with a layer of non-woven fabric, whose airflow resistance is precisely matched with the filling material. This prevents fiber shedding without affecting the incident and dissipation of sound waves, further ensuring the effect of initial dissipation of airborne sound at the top surface and reducing the intensity of sound energy transmitted to the top sealing plate 33.

[0066] The top sealing panel 33 is located below the top keel and sound-absorbing layer 32. As the outer sealing structure of the top elastic structural layer 3, it forms a closed connection with the top edge of the wall damping structural layer 2. Based on the synergistic effect of composite damping and inertial reflection, it achieves sound wave blocking, reflecting airborne sound waves and further dissipating the vibration energy transmitted to this layer, thus improving the acoustic protection of the top. The top sealing panel 33 adopts a three-layer composite structure design, consisting of a first layer of gypsum board, a middle layer of damping sound insulation felt, and a second layer of gypsum board. The thickness of the first and second layers of gypsum board is 9.5mm to 12mm, and the thickness of the middle damping sound insulation felt is 2mm to 3mm. The material is butyl rubber damping felt with a surface density greater than 3kg / m³. 3It possesses excellent damping and dissipation performance. The three-layer structure is bonded and fixed with a special adhesive, ensuring a bubble-free and void-free bonding surface for overall integrity. The first and second layers of paper-faced gypsum board are installed with staggered joints, with a staggered joint width of not less than 100mm. The joints are filled with acoustic sealant to ensure airtightness and prevent sound energy leakage. The overall surface density of the top sealing panel 33 is greater than 25kg / m³. 2 By reflecting airborne sound waves through its own inertial mass, the amount of transmission is reduced; the intermediate damping sound insulation felt can increase the mechanical loss of the composite board, further dissipate the vibration energy transmitted to the panel, improve the sound insulation performance of the top surface, and ultimately achieve the effect of blocking the transmission of airborne sound from the top surface and preventing sound energy from leaking through the board seams. It works in synergy with the top keel and sound-absorbing layer 32 to complete the acoustic sealing and protection of the top surface.

[0067] The four edges of the top elastic structural layer 3 and the top edge of the wall damping structural layer 2 form an inside corner intersection. A 3mm to 5mm expansion gap is reserved at the intersection to accommodate the slight displacement of both during vibration, preventing cracking due to displacement incompatibility. Simultaneously, the elastic seal achieves the dual goals of airtightness and displacement adaptation. The gap is filled with a non-hardening acoustic sealant, preferably silicone or polyurethane, which maintains good elasticity after curing. This sealant fully fills the gap, ensuring airtightness at the intersection and maintaining a continuous acoustic interface to prevent airborne sound leakage. It also allows for independent slight displacement between the top elastic structural layer 3 and the wall damping structural layer 2, preventing rigid connections due to displacement constraints. Ultimately, this blocks the lateral transmission of vibration energy between the top and wall, ensuring the acoustic continuity of the six-sided enclosed structure and ensuring the overall sound insulation performance of the soundproof cocoon meets design requirements.

[0068] like Figure 4 As shown, a construction method for a surface-attached soundproof cocoon includes the following steps:

[0069] S1: Lay an elastic damping pad 11 and a poured floating mass layer 12 sequentially on the surface of the original building floor slab to construct a ground floating structure layer 1.

[0070] S2: Erectly install the keel frame unit 21 of the wall damping structure layer 2 on the upper surface of the ground floating structure layer 1, and install the elastic hanging component 31 of the top elastic structure layer 3 and the top keel frame in the top keel and sound-absorbing layer 32 on the original building top surface.

[0071] S3: A honeycomb microparticle damping module 22 is embedded in the rectangular mounting cavity of the keel frame unit 21 and a flexible decoupling strip 23 is set. The cavity sound-absorbing filling material in the top keel and sound-absorbing layer 32 is filled into the top keel frame of the top keel and sound-absorbing layer 32.

[0072] S4: Install the external encapsulation panel 24 of the wall damping structure layer 2 and the top sealing plate 33 of the top elastic structure layer 3 respectively, and perform airtight sealing treatment between the ground floating structure layer 1, the wall damping structure layer 2 and the top elastic structure layer 3.

[0073] The following will provide a detailed explanation of each step.

[0074] In step S1, after cleaning and leveling the original building floor slab, the construction of the floating ground structure layer 1 is carried out. The elastic damping layer 11 is laid on the surface of the original building floor slab, covering the horizontal projection area of ​​the soundproof cocoon. Special acoustic sealing tape is applied to all joints of the elastic damping layer 11 for continuous coverage, connecting the discrete panels into a complete elastic interface. Closed-cell polyethylene foam vertical strips are pasted along the perimeter of the original building walls, with the pasting height set above the design elevation of the floating mass layer 12, constructing a lateral isolation boundary.

[0075] A polyethylene isolation film is covered on the horizontal surface of the elastic damping pad 11, and the edges of the polyethylene isolation film are turned up and pasted to the surface of the vertical edge strip of the closed-cell polyethylene foam to form a physical barrier layer that prevents leakage.

[0076] To prepare the floating mass layer 12, silicate cement, mixed aggregates, water, and polypropylene crack-resistant fibers were added to a mixer and uniformly mixed to form a fine aggregate concrete slurry. The fine aggregate concrete slurry was poured onto a polyethylene release membrane, and reinforcing mesh was pre-embedded within the slurry. A plate vibrator was used to mechanically compact the slurry, removing internal air bubbles and leveling the surface. The fine aggregate concrete slurry was then subjected to static hydration curing at room temperature until it hardened and reached a predetermined density, forming an independent elastic suspended substrate.

[0077] Step S2 involves marking lines on the upper edge of the ground-floating structural layer 1 and the original building's top surface to determine the physical installation baselines for the wall damping structural layer 2 and the top elastic structural layer 3. Holes are drilled at corresponding positions on the original building's top surface, and the metal expansion bolts of the elastic suspension assembly 31 are anchored into the original building's top concrete structure to a depth of not less than 80mm. The steel helical spring in the elastic suspension assembly 31 is pre-compressed and adjusted by adjusting the nut to achieve a static compression of 15mm to 25mm, allowing the spring to enter the predetermined working linear zone.

[0078] U-shaped ground joists are fixed along the baseline on the surface of the floating mass layer 12, and U-shaped top joists are fixed at the lower end of the elastic suspension assembly 31. Vertical light steel joists are inserted between the U-shaped top joists and the U-shaped ground joists and assembled with the horizontal through joists to construct the joist frame unit 21. Rubber vibration damping pads are inserted between the joist frame unit 21 and the original building wall to ensure that the joist frame unit 21 is completely freed from the rigid constraints of the original building wall. Simultaneously, the top joists and the top joist frame in the sound-absorbing layer 32 are assembled below the elastic suspension assembly 31. The main joists and secondary joists are connected by metal fasteners to form a suspended top grid frame.

[0079] Step S3 involves embedding the honeycomb particle damping module 22 and filling the cavity with sound-absorbing material in the top keel and sound-absorbing layer 32. The prefabricated honeycomb particle damping modules 22 are embedded one by one into the rectangular mounting cavity of the keel frame unit 21. During embedding, the orientation of the honeycomb particle damping module 22 is adjusted so that the orientation markings on the honeycomb particle damping module 22 are aligned with the vertical line of gravity. Gravity, combined with the internal structure, maintains the loose distribution of the composite damping particle group 222 within the honeycomb particle damping module 22.

[0080] Flexible decoupling strips 23 are continuously pasted onto the interior-facing edge surface of the honeycomb particle damping module 22, ensuring that the flexible decoupling strips 23 are distributed without breaks along the keel flange. Simultaneously, the cavity sound-absorbing filler material in the top keel and sound-absorbing layer 32 is filled into the grid gaps formed by the top keel skeleton. The filling must ensure that the cavity sound-absorbing filler material is tightly fitted to the top keel skeleton without gaps, and the surface of the filler material is covered with non-woven fabric, so that the empty skeleton is transformed into a composite layer with non-linear damping energy dissipation and viscous damping sound absorption functions.

[0081] Step S4 involves installing and sealing the external encapsulation panel 24 and the top sealing plate 33 after the cavity sound-absorbing filler is filled. The external encapsulation panel 24 is attached to the outside of the keel frame unit 21, and self-tapping screws are used to fix the panel to the keel flange. During the tightening of the self-tapping screws, normal pressure is applied to make the external encapsulation panel 24 press against the flexible decoupling strip 23. The screw depth is controlled until the flexible decoupling strip 23 undergoes compression deformation. The thickness after compression is maintained at 1mm to 2mm. The resulting reverse rebound force constrains the composite damping particle group 222 in the honeycomb microparticle damping module 22 to a critical friction state.

[0082] After the first layer of panels is installed, apply adhesive to its surface and install the second layer of panels with staggered joints, with a staggered joint width of not less than 100mm. Simultaneously, install the top sealing panel 33 under the top keel frame, also using the staggered joint installation process.

[0083] An airtight sealing process is performed by continuously injecting non-hardening acoustic sealant into the corners where the external encapsulation panel 24 meets the top sealing panel 33, all panel joints, and screw countersunk holes. This ensures that the sealant is dense and the surface is smooth, eliminating all micro-gaps and forming a highly airtight soundproof cocoon that is completely decoupled from the original building space and has non-linear energy dissipation characteristics.

[0084] Example 1:

[0085] This embodiment provides a surface-layer-attached soundproof cocoon, the specific structure of which is as follows:

[0086] Ground-based floating structure layer 1 includes an elastic damping pad layer 11 (85% rubber particles, 15% polyurethane adhesive, 10mm thickness, dynamic stiffness 20MN / m). 3 ); polyethylene isolation membrane (thickness 0.3mm); floating mass layer 12 (silicate cement 18%, medium sand and crushed stone aggregate 65%, water 15%, polypropylene crack-resistant fiber 0.8%, thickness 45mm, steel mesh diameter 5mm, mesh spacing 200mm, hydration curing for 14 days, density ≥2200kg / m³). 3 ); the edge gap is 5mm, filled with closed-cell polyethylene foam vertical strips.

[0087] The wall damping structure layer 2 includes a keel frame unit 21 (vertical light steel keel spacing 500mm, horizontal through-core keel spacing 600mm, hot-dip galvanized cold-formed thin-walled steel, 80mm gap from the original building wall, 8mm thick rubber vibration isolation pad, Shore hardness 55A); and a honeycomb microparticle damping module 22 (multi-level honeycomb core frame material is aluminum alloy, hexagonal lattice side length 15mm, throttling and narrowing cross-sectional area is 40% of the average cross-sectional area of ​​the lattice, thickness 60mm, composite damping particle group stacked volume is 60% of the lattice volume, elastic polymer particles are polyurethane, density 1.0g / cm³). 3 Shore hardness 50A; rigid ceramic particles are alumina with a density of 3.0 g / cm³. 3 Vickers hardness 1200HV); micro-perforated skin panel 223 (aluminum plate, thickness 1.0mm, pore diameter 0.6mm, perforation rate 2%, square array); flexible decoupling strip 23 (polyurethane memory foam, initial thickness 4mm, compressed thickness 1.5mm); external encapsulation panel 24 (first layer high-density gypsum board 13mm, second layer sound insulation damping board 4mm, bonding strength 0.4MPa, staggered joint width 120mm, self-tapping screw spacing 250mm).

[0088] The top surface elastic structural layer 3 includes elastic suspension components 31 (array spacing 700mm, metal expansion bolt anchoring depth 85mm, steel helical spring wire diameter 4mm, stiffness coefficient 8N / mm, static compression 20mm, damping rubber pad thickness 6mm, Shore hardness 55A); and top surface keel and sound-absorbing layer 32 (main keel spacing 700mm, secondary keel spacing 350mm, cavity sound-absorbing filling material is polyester fiber cotton, thickness 80mm, density 36kg / m³). 3 Air resistance 15000 Pa·s / m 2 The surface is covered with non-woven fabric; the top sealing board 33 (first layer of 10mm paper-faced gypsum board, middle layer of 2.5mm damping sound insulation felt, second layer of 10mm paper-faced gypsum board, staggered joint width of 120mm, joints filled with acoustic sealant); the edge expansion joint is 4mm, filled with silicone non-hardening acoustic sealant (density 1.3g / cm³). 3 (After curing, the Shore hardness is A55).

[0089] The upper sub-chamber is mixed with 80% elastic polymer particles and 20% rigid ceramic particles by mechanical stirring for 5 minutes at a stirring speed of 300 r / min to ensure uniform mixing without lumps; the lower sub-chamber is mixed with 50% rigid ceramic particles and 50% elastic polymer particles by mechanical stirring for 5 minutes.

[0090] Example 2:

[0091] In this embodiment, unlike in Embodiment 1, the volume ratio of elastic polymer particles in the upper sub-chamber is 90%, and the volume ratio of rigid ceramic particles is 10%. All other structural parameters and construction methods are completely consistent with those in Embodiment 1.

[0092] Example 3:

[0093] In this embodiment, unlike in Embodiment 1, the volume percentage of elastic polymer particles in the upper sub-chamber is 100%, while the volume percentage of rigid ceramic particles is 0%. All other structural parameters and construction methods are completely consistent with those in Embodiment 1.

[0094] Example 4:

[0095] In this embodiment, unlike in Embodiment 1, the upper sub-chamber has 90% elastic polymer particles and 10% rigid ceramic particles; the lower sub-chamber has 40% rigid ceramic particles and 60% elastic polymer particles. All other structural parameters and construction methods are completely consistent with Embodiment 1.

[0096] Example 5:

[0097] In this embodiment, unlike in Embodiment 1, the upper-level sub-chamber has 90% elastic polymer particles and 10% rigid ceramic particles; the lower-level sub-chamber has 60% rigid ceramic particles and 40% elastic polymer particles. All other structural parameters and construction methods are completely consistent with Embodiment 1.

[0098] Comparative Example 1:

[0099] In this comparative example, unlike Example 1, the honeycomb microparticle damping module 22 in the wall damping structural layer 2 is filled with 50mm thick ordinary rock wool (density 20kg / m³). 3 All other structural parameters and construction methods are completely consistent with those in Example 1.

[0100] Comparative Example 2:

[0101] In this comparative example, unlike Example 1, no throttling orifice is set, the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton is a single chamber (without sub-chambers), and the composite damping particle group adopts a ratio of 85% elastic polymer particles and 15% rigid ceramic particles, with a filling volume of 60% of the chamber volume; the remaining parameters of the honeycomb microparticle damping module 22 are the same as in Example 1. The remaining structural parameters and construction methods are completely consistent with Example 1.

[0102] Comparative Example 3:

[0103] In this comparative example, unlike Example 1, the micro-perforated skin plate 223 is not provided, and the side of the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton 221 facing the interior of the soundproof cocoon is uncovered, with the composite damping particle group 222 directly exposed inside the soundproof cocoon; the remaining parameters of the honeycomb particle damping module 22 are the same as in Example 1. The remaining structural parameters and construction methods are completely consistent with those in Example 1.

[0104] Experimental Example 1:

[0105] In this experimental example, the following tests were performed on Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3:

[0106] 1. Airborne sound insulation test: Prepare wall damping structural layer samples measuring 1.2m × 1.2m × 0.1m (length × width × thickness) (including the upper connecting section of the ground floating structural layer and the lower connecting section of the top elastic structural layer). Seal the edges of the samples with acoustic sealant to ensure airtightness. Prepare three parallel samples for each group, and take the average value after discarding abnormal samples. Refer to the sample preparation requirements in GB / T50121-2020 "Standard for Evaluation of Building Sound Insulation" to ensure that the sample size and structure are consistent with actual applications.

[0107] According to GB / T19889.1-2005 "Acoustics of Buildings and Building Components - Measurement of Sound Insulation - Part 1: Laboratory Measurement of Laterally Suppressed Sound Transmission", an SW466 acoustic testing system was used. Samples were installed at the test opening of a standard sound insulation laboratory. A continuous steady-state sound wave of 100Hz-4000Hz was generated in the sound source chamber, and the sound pressure level was measured in the receiving chamber. The sound insulation was automatically calculated by the testing system. The ambient temperature was controlled at 23±2℃, and the relative humidity at 50±5%, to avoid environmental noise interference.

[0108] The measured airborne sound insulation of the 100Hz-4000Hz full frequency band is weighted according to GB / T50121-2020 and recorded as the weighted airborne sound insulation (RW), with the unit being dB. The larger the value, the better the airborne sound insulation effect.

[0109] 2. Impact Sound Insulation Test: Prepare 2.0m×2.0m×0.15m (length×width×thickness) samples of the ground and wall connection (including elastic damping pad layer 11, floating mass layer 12, and lower part of wall damping structural layer 2). Prepare 3 parallel samples for each group to ensure that the floating mass layer is properly cured (hydration curing for 14 days, density ≥2200kg / m³). 3 The edges are filled with vertical strips of closed-cell polyethylene foam. Refer to the requirements for preparing impact sound insulation samples in GB / T50121-2020.

[0110] According to GB / T19889.6-2005 "Acoustics of Buildings and Building Components - Measurement of Sound Insulation - Part 6: Laboratory Measurement of Impact Sound Insulation of Floor Slabs", a standard impactor (compliant with GB / T18267-2019) was used to impact the top surface of the sample (surface of the floating mass layer). A sound level meter was placed below the sample (simulating the interior of a soundproof cocoon) to measure the sound pressure level generated by the impact. The impact sound insulation was calculated using the testing system. During the testing process, it was ensured that the impactor impact point was uniform to avoid damage to the sample surface.

[0111] The impact sound insulation obtained from the test is weighted according to GB / T50121-2020 and recorded as the weighted impact sound insulation (Lw), with the unit being dB. The larger the value, the better the sound insulation effect of solid impact sound.

[0112] 3. Impact sound insulation test: The sample preparation method is the same as that for weighted air sound insulation (RW). A wall damping structural layer sample of 1.2m×1.2m×0.1m is used, with 3 parallel samples in each group. The focus is on ensuring that the perforation rate and pore size of the micro-perforated skin panel (except for Example 1 and Comparative Example 3) meet the design requirements, and that there is no damage or omissions.

[0113] According to GB / T19889.1-2005, the SW466 acoustic testing system was used, focusing on the 500Hz-2000Hz mid-frequency band (the main frequency band of human voice distribution). A continuous steady-state sound wave of this frequency band was generated in the sound source chamber, and the sound pressure level of the corresponding frequency band was measured in the receiving chamber to calculate the average sound insulation of this frequency band. During the testing process, it was crucial to control the frequency range to avoid data deviation caused by frequency band shifts.

[0114] The arithmetic mean of the sound insulation at each frequency point within the 500Hz-2000Hz frequency band is recorded as the weighted impact sound insulation (RW,m), with the unit being dB. The larger the value, the better the sound insulation effect for mid-frequency human voices.

[0115] 4. Damping ratio test: Prepare a 0.5m×0.5m×0.075m (length×width×thickness) honeycomb microparticle damping module sample (including multi-level honeycomb core skeleton, composite damping particle group, and micro-perforated skin plate), with 3 parallel samples in each group, to ensure that the composite damping particle group is densely filled and free of caking, the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton is free of deformation, and the compression of the flexible decoupling strip meets the requirements (1mm-2mm).

[0116] According to GB / T18267-2019 "Determination of dynamic mechanical properties of elastomers - Part 3: Bending vibration (three-point bending) method", a DMAQ800 dynamic mechanical analyzer was used in three-point bending mode. The test temperature was 23±2℃, the frequency was 1Hz-100Hz, and the strain amplitude was 0.1%. The dynamic storage modulus (E') and loss modulus (E'') of the sample were recorded by the test system, and the damping ratio ζ=E'' / E' was calculated.

[0117] The average value of the damping ratio within the 10Hz-50Hz frequency band (the actual working frequency band of the soundproof cocoon) is recorded as the damping ratio (ζ) (no unit). The larger the value, the stronger the energy dissipation capacity of the sample.

[0118] 5. Long-term service stability test: A 1.2m × 1.2m sample of the wall damping structure layer, after the completion of the airborne sound insulation test, was vertically fixed on an electromagnetic vibration table. According to GB / T4857.10-2005 "Basic Tests for Packaging and Transport Packages - Part 10: Sinusoidal Frequency Conversion Vibration Test Method", vertical sweep vibration was applied. The sweep frequency range was 10Hz to 50Hz (covering the main resonant frequencies of the building structure and the fundamental frequency of human voice), the acceleration amplitude was set to 0.5g, the sweep rate was 1 octave / minute, and the continuous vibration duration was 200 hours (equivalent to simulating the cumulative vibration effect of approximately 10 years in a conventional building environment).

[0119] After the vibration period, the weighted airborne sound insulation of the sample was measured again according to GB / T19889.1-2005 and recorded as the weighted airborne sound insulation after aging (RW'). The sound insulation attenuation value was calculated (ΔRW=RW-RW'). The smaller the ΔRW value, the better the long-term acoustic stability.

[0120] 6. Vertical acoustic uniformity test: Local sound insulation scanning is performed on the sample after vibration treatment for long-term service stability testing using the sound intensity method (refer to GB / T17561-1998), including:

[0121] Measurement point A (top) is located on the horizontal centerline 100mm below the top edge of the sample.

[0122] Measurement point B (bottom) is located on the horizontal center line 100mm above the bottom edge of the sample.

[0123] Measure the average sound insulation at measuring points A and B in the 500Hz-2000Hz frequency band, denoted as RW,top and RW,bottom respectively. Calculate the vertical uniformity deviation (D=|RW,bottom-RW,top|). The smaller the D value, the more consistent the acoustic performance in the vertical direction, indicating no obvious sedimentation or density stratification of the internal medium; a large D value (usually manifested as RW,top being significantly lower than RW,bottom) indicates that there are gaps at the top causing sound leakage.

[0124] The test results are summarized in Table 1 below.

[0125] Table 1

[0126] Group Weighted airborne sound insulation RW (dB) Weighted impact sound insulation Lw (dB) Weighted impact sound insulation RW,m (dB) Damping ratio ζ Sound insulation attenuation value ΔRW (dB) Vertical uniformity deviation D (dB) Example 1 47 51 49 0.27 0.5 1.2 Example 2 57 61 59 0.39 0.3 0.8 Example 3 48 52 50 0.28 0.6 1.5 Example 4 52 56 54 0.33 0.4 1.1 Example 5 49 53 51 0.29 0.5 1.3 Comparative Example 1 38 42 39 0.15 6.5 12.4 Comparative Example 2 45 48 46 0.22 4.8 9.2 Comparative Example 3 47 50 44 0.25 0.6 1.3

[0127] The upper-level sub-chamber is located near the interior of the soundproof cocoon and mainly receives vibrations caused by mid-frequency sound waves. The elastic polymer particles in the composite damping particle group are made of polyurethane, which has excellent viscoelastic properties. When vibration acts on the upper-level sub-chamber, the elastic polymer particles will undergo viscoelastic deformation. Viscoelastic friction will occur between particles and between particles and the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton, converting the mechanical energy of vibration into heat energy to dissipate sound energy. At the same time, the elastic deformation can buffer the vibration impact and slow down the transmission speed of vibration energy to the lower-level sub-chamber, providing sufficient time for the lower-level sub-chamber to dissipate energy through inelastic collisions, thereby improving the overall sound insulation and energy dissipation effect.

[0128] When the volume ratio of elastic polymer particles in the upper sub-chamber is 80%, the excessive rigid particles weaken the viscous friction energy dissipation effect, resulting in insufficient elastic deformation buffering capacity. Vibration energy cannot be fully dissipated in the upper sub-chamber and is quickly transferred to the lower sub-chamber, exceeding its energy dissipation capacity and causing a decrease in overall sound insulation and energy dissipation performance. When the volume ratio of elastic polymer particles in the upper sub-chamber is 90%, the ratio of elastic polymer particles to rigid ceramic particles reaches the optimal balance, achieving the highest matching degree between the viscous friction energy dissipation effect and the particle motion freedom. This ensures that sufficient elastic particles effectively dissipate vibration energy. The current vibration buffer and efficient viscous energy dissipation can also be achieved by using a small number of rigid particles to assist in the transmission of vibration, ensuring that the inelastic collision energy dissipation of the lower sub-chamber is fully utilized. When the volume ratio of elastic polymer particles in the upper sub-chamber is 100%, there are no rigid ceramic particles in the upper sub-chamber, and the elastic polymer particles are too dense. During vibration, the degree of freedom of particle motion is greatly reduced, the viscous friction effect is suppressed, and the energy transmission speed of pure elastic particles is accelerated. The vibration energy is not fully dissipated before being transmitted to the lower sub-chamber, resulting in a decrease in the overall index. However, due to the sufficient elastic particles, the decrease is less than that in Example 1.

[0129] The lower-level sub-chamber is located near the original building wall and mainly receives vibrations caused by low-frequency and high-frequency sound waves. The rigid ceramic particles in the composite damping particle group are made of alumina, which has high density and hardness. Under vibration, violent inelastic collisions occur between the rigid ceramic particles and between the particles and the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton. Significant energy loss occurs during the collision process, converting the mechanical energy of vibration into heat energy. At the same time, the inertia of the rigid particles can resist the transmission of vibration and reduce the diffusion of vibration energy to the ground floating structure layer and the top elastic structure layer. In addition, the throttling and narrowing on the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton can maintain the loose state of the rigid ceramic particles, prevent the particles from accumulating and hardening due to gravity, and ensure the freedom of particle movement. Combined with the Helmholtz resonance sound absorption effect of the micro-perforated skin plate, it achieves high-efficiency energy dissipation in a wide frequency range.

[0130] When the rigid ceramic particles account for 50% of the volume of the lower-stage sub-chamber, the inelastic collision energy dissipation and inertial vibration damping effect of the rigid particles are fully utilized. Simultaneously, the elastic polymer particles (accounting for 50%) buffer the secondary vibrations generated by the collisions of the rigid particles, preventing vibrational energy rebound. Combined with the loose particle state maintained by the throttling and constriction, the inelastic collision frequency reaches its highest point, resulting in maximum energy loss. This, combined with the mid-frequency sound absorption effect of the micro-perforated skin plate and the viscous energy dissipation effect of the upper-stage sub-chamber, achieves efficient sound insulation and energy dissipation across the entire frequency range. However, when the rigid ceramic particles account for 40% of the volume of the lower-stage sub-chamber, the elastic polymer particles account for as much as 60%, which can better buffer... Secondary vibration occurs, but insufficient rigid particles weaken the energy dissipation of inelastic collisions, failing to fully dissipate low- and high-frequency vibration energy, resulting in various indicators being lower than in Example 2. When the volume ratio of rigid ceramic particles in the lower sub-chamber is 60%, the ratio of elastic polymer particles is only 40%. Excessive rigid particles lead to excessively dense particle density. Even with throttling and narrowing constraints, slight accumulation and caking still occur, reducing the degree of freedom of particle movement, decreasing the frequency of inelastic collisions, and weakening energy loss. At the same time, insufficient elastic particles cannot buffer secondary vibrations, and a large amount of vibration energy rebounds and is transmitted to the upper sub-chamber, the ground, and the top structural layer, resulting in a significant decrease in various indicators.

[0131] The sound insulation attenuation values ​​of Examples 1 to 5 were all controlled within 0.6 dB, indicating that the acoustic performance was almost undamaged after experiencing high-intensity vibration equivalent to 10 years. This is because the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton and throttling structure in the honeycomb microparticle damping module effectively lock the particle position and prevent overall settlement caused by gravity.

[0132] In contrast, the ΔRW of Comparative Example 1 is as high as 6.5dB. Traditional fiber materials undergo significant physical collapse under long-term vibration, resulting in overall sound insulation failure.

[0133] The sound insulation attenuation (ΔRW) of Comparative Example 2 is as high as 4.8 dB, and the vertical uniformity deviation (D) is as high as 9.2 dB, both significantly worse than that of Example 1. This is because Comparative Example 2 omits the throttling and narrowing structure inside the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton, resulting in the particle group being in an unconstrained accumulation state within a single connected cavity. Under long-term vibration, gravity causes the particles to gradually deposit downwards, resulting in a significant void at the top of the wall (leading to a sharp increase in the D value), and an unbalanced overall damping layer density distribution, causing a significant decline in sound insulation performance. In addition, Comparative Example 2 uses a uniform mixing ratio, lacking the graded mixing ratio optimized for high and low frequencies as in Example 1, resulting in an initial damping ratio (ζ=0.20) and sound insulation (RW=43 dB) that are also lower than those of Example 1.

[0134] The mid-frequency airborne sound insulation (RW, m) of Comparative Example 3 is only 41 dB, a significant decrease compared to the Example; however, the stability indicators of Comparative Example 3 (ΔRW=0.6 dB, D=1.3 dB) are basically the same as those of the Example. This is because although Comparative Example 3 retains the honeycomb core skeleton and throttling nozzle (ensuring physical stability, hence good ΔRW and D values), it lacks the micro-perforated skin panel. The micro-perforated skin panel and the internal back cavity together constitute a Helmholtz resonant sound absorption structure. Without the micro-perforated skin panel, the targeted energy dissipation mechanism for the 500Hz-2000Hz human voice frequency band fails, resulting in a significant decline in mid-frequency sound insulation performance.

[0135] Based on the preferred embodiments of the present invention described above, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A surface-attached soundproof cocoon, installed within the original building's interior space, characterized in that, include: A ground-floating structural layer is laid flat on the surface of the original building floor slab; The wall damping structure layer is erected on the ground floating structure layer, extending and enclosing along the surface of the original building wall; The top elastic structural layer is suspended below the original building top surface and connected to the top edge of the wall damping structural layer; The wall damping structure layer consists of, from the inside out, a keel frame unit, a honeycomb microparticle damping module, a flexible decoupling strip, and an external encapsulation panel. The keel frame unit forms a rectangular installation cavity, and the honeycomb microparticle damping module is embedded in the rectangular installation cavity. The flexible decoupling strip is located between the honeycomb microparticle damping module and the external encapsulation panel.

2. The soundproof cocoon according to claim 1, characterized in that, The honeycomb microparticle damping module includes a multi-level honeycomb core skeleton and a group of composite damping particles filling the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton; the multi-level honeycomb core skeleton has an array of crystal units arranged inside; the composite damping particle group is composed of a mixture of elastic polymer particles and rigid ceramic particles.

3. The soundproof cocoon according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each lattice unit has an inwardly contracting throttling orifice at the center of the vertical direction of gravity. The throttling orifice divides the lattice unit into a connected upper sub-chamber and a lower sub-chamber. The horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the throttling orifice is smaller than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the lattice unit, and is used to grade and support the composite damping particle group.

4. The soundproof cocoon according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the upper sub-chamber, the volume percentage of elastic polymer particles is 80% to 100%.

5. A surface-layer-attached soundproof cocoon according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the lower sub-chamber, rigid ceramic particles account for 40% to 60% of the volume, with the remainder being elastic polymer particles.

6. The soundproof cocoon according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cellular microparticle damping module also includes a micro-perforated skin plate covering the surface of the multi-level cellular core skeleton facing the interior of the soundproof cocoon.

7. The soundproof cocoon according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ground-floating structure consists of, from bottom to top, an elastic damping pad, a polyethylene isolation membrane, and a floating mass layer. The elastic damping pad is made of rubber particles mixed with polyurethane adhesive and cured. The floating mass layer is a fine aggregate concrete structure with internal steel mesh.

8. The soundproof cocoon according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top elastic structural layer includes an array of elastic suspension components, a top keel and sound-absorbing layer connected below the elastic suspension components, and a bottom top sealing plate; the elastic suspension components are composed of metal expansion bolts anchored to the original building top surface, steel helical springs and damping rubber pads connected in series.

9. The soundproof cocoon according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ground floating structure layer, the wall damping structure layer, and the top elastic structure layer form a continuous acoustic interface at their geometric junctions through an airtight sealing material; the external encapsulation panel is made of two layers of boards bonded together in a staggered manner, with the seams filled with acoustic sealant.

10. A construction method for a surface-layer-attached soundproof cocoon as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Lay an elastic damping pad layer and a poured floating mass layer sequentially on the surface of the original building floor slab to construct a ground floating structure layer; S2: Install the keel frame unit in the wall damping structure layer on the upper surface of the ground floating structure layer, and install the elastic hanging components in the top elastic structure layer and the top keel and the top keel frame in the sound absorption layer on the original building top surface. S3: A honeycomb microparticle damping module is embedded in the rectangular mounting cavity of the keel frame unit and a flexible decoupling pressure strip is set. Cavity sound-absorbing filler is filled in the top keel frame in the top keel and sound-absorbing layer. S4: Install the external encapsulation panel in the wall damping structure layer and the top sealing plate in the top elastic structure layer respectively, and perform airtight sealing treatment between the ground floating structure layer, the wall damping structure layer and the top elastic structure layer.

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