Quantitative mixing device and method for compound microbial fertilizer special for tobaccos

Abstract

The invention relates to a quantitative mixing device and method for a special compound microbial fertilizer for tobacco, the quantitative mixing device comprises a plurality of groups of feeding units which are linearly arranged, the feeding units are communicated with a dust removal device through first dust removal pipes, the bottoms of the feeding units are matched with a conveying device at the bottom layer through a material guide structure for feeding, and the conveying device is provided with a dust removal structure; the dust removal structure is communicated with the dust removal device, the discharging end of the conveying device is matched with the discharging structure, and the discharging structure comprises a second wide-opening feeding groove and a spiral conveying device. By the adoption of the structure, the batching precision is greatly improved, the strict requirement for the tobacco leaf nutrient proportion is met, flying dust pollution is restrained in the whole process, the environmental protection property and occupational health guarantee are improved, the problems of material blocking and stacking are solved, the conveying stability and the production efficiency are improved, the device is suitable for blending of multi-component raw materials, and the universality and practicability of the device are enhanced.

Description

Tobacco-specific compound microbial fertilizer quantitative mixing device and mixing method Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fertilizer production and processing technology, and in particular to a quantitative mixing device and mixing method for tobacco-specific compound microbial fertilizer. Background Technology

[0002] As an economic crop with extremely high requirements for precise nutrient supply, the balanced ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients during the growth process of tobacco directly determines its combustibility, aroma quality, and industrial usability. Therefore, in the production and processing of fertilizers specifically for tobacco cultivation, the precise mixing and stable delivery of various nutrients is the core link in ensuring fertilizer quality and a key technological support for large-scale cultivation of high-quality tobacco. Currently, compound fertilizers remain the mainstream product in the production of fertilizers for tobacco cultivation, and the scientific ratio of fertilizer raw materials is the core element determining whether this type of compound fertilizer meets the growth needs of tobacco.

[0003] In current tobacco fertilizer production, the mixing and conveying process generally follows the traditional multi-conveyor belt batching model. This involves using a single conveyor belt to transport one raw material component, which is then aggregated and granulated. In this model, the proportions of each raw material component are primarily adjusted by setting the conveyor belt speed, essentially a method of indirectly controlling the proportions through flow rate control. This approach reveals numerous unavoidable drawbacks when adapting to the high-precision production requirements of tobacco fertilizer.

[0004] The primary drawback is the severe lack of precision in ingredient proportioning, making it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of tobacco leaves for nutrient ratios. Flow fluctuations are common during conveyor belt transport. Even with a fixed preset conveying speed, the uniformity of material distribution in different sections of the conveyor belt cannot be guaranteed, resulting in an unstable flow rate of the actual transported material. Furthermore, there is a lack of effective means to eliminate these fluctuations, directly causing ingredient proportioning errors to exceed the permissible range for tobacco fertilizers.

[0005] More importantly, the ratio of tobacco fertilizers requires weight as the core indicator, while the existing flow control method is an indirect control method. It needs to be multiplied by the density of the raw materials to be converted into a weight ratio. This makes the final ratio result also affected by the uniformity of the density of the raw materials. Commonly used raw materials in tobacco fertilizers, such as humic acid and potassium nitrate, are prone to density fluctuations due to changes in moisture content, which further amplifies the ratio error and seriously affects the balance of nutrient absorption in tobacco leaves after fertilizer application.

[0006] Meanwhile, because tobacco fertilizer raw materials contain a large amount of light powdery components (such as ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, trace element additives, etc.), dust is easily generated during conveyor belt transportation and material falling and gathering. This not only pollutes the air environment of the production and processing site, affecting the ecological environment around the tobacco planting area, but also directly endangers the respiratory health of operators and increases occupational health risks. In addition, the poor conveying stability and the fact that some components of tobacco fertilizer raw materials have a certain degree of hygroscopicity make them prone to sticking at corners of the conveyor channel and discharge ports, leading to frequent blockages and stockpiling. This not only interrupts the stable and continuous processing flow and affects fertilizer production efficiency, but may also affect the final fertilizer quality due to material accumulation and deterioration, causing indirect losses to tobacco planting and production.

[0007] In summary, existing mixing and conveying technologies cannot fully meet the production needs of fertilizers for tobacco cultivation in terms of precision control, environmental protection, operational stability, and intelligent monitoring. There is an urgent need for a mixing and conveying device that can achieve precise quantitative proportioning, suppress dust, prevent blockage and accumulation, and has intelligent alarm functions to solve the current technical bottlenecks and provide reliable fertilizer support for high-quality tobacco cultivation. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a quantitative mixing device and mixing method for tobacco-specific compound microbial fertilizer, which greatly improves the accuracy of ingredient mixing, meets the stringent requirements of tobacco leaf nutrient ratio, suppresses dust pollution throughout the process, improves environmental protection and occupational health protection, solves the problem of material blockage and accumulation, improves conveying stability and production efficiency, is adaptable to the mixing of multi-component raw materials, and enhances the versatility and practicality of the device.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a quantitative mixing device for tobacco compound fertilizer, comprising multiple sets of linearly arranged feeding units. The feeding units are connected to a dust removal device through a first dust removal pipe. The bottom of the feeding units is connected to a conveying device at the bottom through a material guiding structure. The conveying device is equipped with a dust removal structure, which is connected to the dust removal device. The discharge end of the conveying device is connected to the discharge structure, which includes a second wide-mouth feeding trough and a screw conveyor. The material guiding structure includes a first wide-mouth feeding trough that cooperates with the feeding units. The first wide-mouth feeding trough is equipped with a weighing device. The bottom of the first wide-mouth feeding trough is connected to the conveying device through a material guiding trough. The material guiding trough is equipped with a first shield, an anti-blocking structure, and a leveling structure that cooperate with the conveying device.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the feeding unit includes a feeding port and a dust collection hood located on the site. The feeding port is equipped with a feeding grid, and the dust collection hood is connected to a first dust removal pipe through a first vent pipe. The dust collection hood is equipped with an extension structure.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the extended structure includes folding arms symmetrically arranged on the top of the dust collection hood. The extended end of the folding arm is provided with a movable frame. The movable frame is connected to the opening end of the dust collection hood through a soft cover. The bottom of the movable frame is symmetrically provided with guide wheels and limiting arms. The limiting arms are in a limiting sliding fit with the outer walls on both sides of the dust collection hood.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the anti-clogging structure includes a rotating shaft disposed at the feed end of the feed trough, a plurality of stirring rollers disposed on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft being connected to the output end of a first drive motor, and the first drive motor being fixedly connected to the outer wall of the feed trough through a first fixed seat.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the flat material structure includes a fixed rod disposed on the outer wall of the guide trough, a first transmission wheel disposed on the fixed rod, an eccentric rod disposed on the first transmission wheel, the first transmission wheel being driven by a first transmission belt in cooperation with a second transmission wheel, the second transmission wheel being disposed at the output end of a second drive motor, the second drive motor being fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide trough through a second fixed seat, the eccentric rod being driven by a strip groove, the strip groove being disposed on a limiting slide frame, the limiting slide frame being in a limiting sliding cooperation with a limiting groove disposed on the guide trough, the limiting slide frame being connected to a fixed plate through multiple sets of connecting arms, and multiple sets of flat material push plates being disposed at the bottom of the connecting arms.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the limiting slide frame is provided with a baffle that cooperates with the blocking of the limiting slide groove opening.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the discharge end of the guide trough is symmetrically provided with a bearing plate, and the bearing plate is provided with multiple sets of sliding balls that cooperate with the limiting slide frame and the fixing plate.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the conveying device includes a support base. The inlet and outlet ends of the support base are respectively provided with a protective cover and a second shield. The outlet end of the support base is provided with a discharge port that cooperates with the second wide-mouth inlet trough. The support base is provided with mutually cooperating conveying rollers, multiple sets of adjustable top support rollers, and multiple sets of bottom rollers. The mutually cooperating conveying rollers, multiple sets of adjustable top support rollers, and multiple sets of bottom rollers are fitted with conveyor belts that cooperate with them. A third transmission wheel is provided on the conveying roller located at the outlet end of the support base. The third transmission wheel cooperates with a fourth transmission wheel through a second transmission belt. The fourth transmission wheel is located at the output end of a third drive motor. The third drive motor is fixedly connected to the support base through a third fixed seat.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the dust removal structure includes multiple sets of third shields disposed on the top of the conveying device. The multiple sets of third shields are spaced apart between adjacent material guiding structures. Multiple sets of isolation plates are provided on the third shields. Filter brushes are provided at the bottom of the isolation plates. Second vent pipes are provided at the positions between the multiple sets of isolation plates on the third shields. The second vent pipes are connected to the second dust removal pipes through the third vent pipes. The second dust removal pipes are connected to the dust removal device.

[0018] The quantitative mixing device and mixing method for tobacco-specific compound microbial fertilizer provided by this invention, by adopting the above structure, has the following beneficial effects: (1) Real-time collection of raw material weight data and linkage with the central control system. When the raw material reaches the preset weight, the feeding is stopped immediately, fundamentally avoiding the influence of flow fluctuation and raw material density change on the proportioning accuracy; (2) The raw material is flattened to ensure the stability of the raw material flow during subsequent transportation, further improving the proportioning accuracy, so that the mixing error is controlled within the allowable range of tobacco fertilizer, and ensuring the balance of tobacco nutrient absorption; (3) Effectively solves the dust problem of light powdery raw materials during transportation, which not only protects the production site and the surrounding ecological environment, but also avoids the operation personnel from inhaling dust and harming their respiratory health, reducing occupational health risks; (4) Effectively prevents material blockage in the guide trough, reduces the accumulation of raw materials on the conveyor belt, further reduces the risk of material blockage, avoids the interruption of the processing flow, and improves fertilizer production efficiency; (5) Improves the device's adaptability to raw materials with different characteristics, enhances the device's versatility and practicality, and provides a reliable fertilizer guarantee for the large-scale planting of high-quality tobacco leaves. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the feeding unit structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the material guiding structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the anti-clogging material structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the flat material structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the inner cavity of the feed channel of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the conveying device and discharge structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the conveying device and discharge structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the conveying device and discharge structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the dust removal structure of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Feeding unit; 2. First dust removal pipe; 3. Dust removal device; 4. Material guiding structure; 5. Material discharge structure; 6. Feeding port; 7. Feeding grid; 8. Dust collection hood; 9. First vent pipe; 10. Folding arm; 11. Moving frame; 12. Soft cover; 13. Guide wheel; 14. Limiting arm; 15. First wide-mouth feeding chute; 16. Material guiding chute; 17. Weighing device; 18. First shield; 19. Anti-clogging structure; 20. Rotating shaft; 21. Stirring roller; 22. First drive motor; 23. First fixed seat; 24. Limiting slide; 25. Fixed rod; 26. First transmission wheel; 27. Eccentric rod; 28. First transmission belt; 29. ​​Second transmission wheel; 30. Second drive motor; 31. Second fixed seat. 32. Strip groove, 33. Limiting slide frame, 34. Baffle, 35. Connecting arm, 36. Fixing plate, 37. Flat material push plate, 38. Bearing plate, 39. Sliding ball, 40. Support seat, 41. Protective cover, 42. Second shield, 43. Discharge port, 44. Second wide-mouth feed chute, 45. Screw conveyor, 46. Conveying roller, 47. Adjustable top support roller group, 48. Bottom roller, 49. Conveyor belt, 50. Third drive wheel, 51. Second drive belt, 52. Fourth drive wheel, 53. Third drive motor, 54. Third fixing seat, 55. Second dust removal pipe, 56. Dust removal structure, 57. Third shield, 58. Isolation plate, 59. Filter brush, 60. Second vent pipe, 61. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Example 1: As shown in Figure 1-11, the quantitative mixing device for tobacco compound fertilizer includes multiple sets of feeding units 1 arranged in a straight line along the production line. Each feeding unit 1 corresponds to a tobacco fertilizer raw material component, enabling simultaneous or sequential feeding of multiple raw materials. The feeding unit 1 is connected to a centralized dust collection device 3 through a first dust removal pipe 2, forming a dust collection path during the feeding stage, effectively suppressing the spread of dust generated during raw material feeding. The bottom of the feeding unit 1 is precisely fed into the conveying device at the bottom through a guiding structure 4, ensuring that the raw materials processed by the feeding unit can stably enter the conveying stage. Multiple sets of dust removal structures 56 are spaced apart above the conveying device. These dust removal structures 56 are also connected to the dust collection device 3 to collect dust generated secondary during the raw material conveying process, achieving full-process dust control. The discharge end of the conveying device is seamlessly connected to the discharge structure 5. The discharge structure 5 includes a second wide-mouth feed trough 44 and a screw conveyor 45. The second wide-mouth feed trough 44 can expand the feeding range and prevent raw materials from scattering. The screw conveyor 45 can realize the stable and uniform conveying of raw materials, providing a stable feeding guarantee for the subsequent mixing and granulation process.

[0032] The material guiding structure 4 includes a first wide-mouth feed trough 15 that precisely connects to the discharge port of the feeding unit 1. A weighing device 17 is installed at the bottom of the first wide-mouth feed trough 15. This weighing device 17 uses a high-precision weight sensor component to collect the weight data of the raw materials in the trough in real time and transmit the data to the central control system of the device, providing direct weight basis for accurate proportioning. The bottom of the first wide-mouth feed trough 15 cooperates with the conveying device through an inclined guide trough 16. The inclined structure utilizes gravity to assist the flow of raw materials and reduce material residue. Along the material flow direction, the guide trough 16 is sequentially equipped with a first shield 18 that cooperates with the conveying device, an anti-blocking structure 19, and a leveling structure. The first shield 18 covers the connection area between the guide trough 16 and the conveying device to prevent dust generation when materials fall. The anti-blocking structure 19 solves the problem of easily hygroscopic raw materials sticking and blocking in the guide trough. The leveling structure flattens the raw materials on the conveying device, ensuring stable flow rate during subsequent conveying.

[0033] As shown in Figure 3, in the preferred embodiment, the feeding unit 1 includes a feeding port 6 fixedly mounted on a support frame at the production site and a dust collection hood 8 covering the feeding port 6. The feeding port 6 has a mesh-like feeding grid 7 at its inlet end. The grid size of the feeding grid 7 can be adapted to the size of the raw material particles, allowing the raw material to pass smoothly while blocking large impurities or foreign objects mixed in the raw material, preventing blockage of subsequent structures. The top of the dust collection hood 8 is connected to the first dust removal pipe 2 via a first vent pipe 9, forming a negative pressure dust suction passage. When raw material is fed from the feeding port 6, the generated dust is collected by the dust collection hood 8 and guided through the first vent pipe 9 into the first dust removal pipe 2, ultimately entering the dust removal device 3 for processing. The dust collection hood 8 is equipped with an adjustable expansion structure to adjust the dust suction range according to the actual feeding amount or the dust characteristics of the raw material, improving the dust removal effect.

[0034] As shown in Figure 3, in the preferred embodiment, the extended structure includes folding arms 10 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the dust collection hood 8. The folding arms 10 employ a multi-section hinged structure, enabling telescopic movement. A movable frame 11 is fixedly connected to the extended end of the folding arm 10, and the shape of the movable frame 11 matches the shape of the opening end of the dust collection hood 8. The movable frame 11 is sealed to the edge of the opening end of the dust collection hood 8 via a flexible cover 12. The flexible cover 12 has good elasticity and sealing properties, and can extend or retract with the movement of the movable frame 11, ensuring that dust in the extended area does not overflow. Guide wheels 13 and limiting arms 14 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the movable frame 11. The guide wheels 13 can roll along a pre-set guide rail in the production area, providing guidance for the movement of the movable frame 11. The limiting arms 14 have an L-shaped structure, with one end fixedly connected to the movable frame 11 and the other end extending to the outer walls of both sides of the dust collection hood 8, forming a limiting sliding fit with the limiting grooves provided on the outer walls of the dust collection hood 8. This prevents the movable frame 11 from shifting during movement, ensuring the stable operation of the extended structure. By adjusting the extension length of the folding arm 10, the moving frame 11 can be moved horizontally, thereby changing the effective dust collection coverage of the dust collection hood 8 to adapt to different feeding scenarios.

[0035] As shown in Figure 5, in the preferred embodiment, the anti-clogging material structure 19 includes a rotating shaft 20 horizontally disposed inside the feed end of the guide trough 16. The axis of the rotating shaft 20 is aligned with the width direction of the guide trough 16. Multiple sets of stirring rollers 21 are evenly arranged along the axis of the rotating shaft 20, with each set of stirring rollers 21 radially distributed. The phases of adjacent sets of stirring rollers 21 are staggered, which can achieve comprehensive stirring of the raw materials at the feed end of the guide trough 16. One end of the rotating shaft 20 extends through the side wall of the guide trough 16 to the outside and is fixedly connected to the output end of the first drive motor 22 via a coupling. The first drive motor 22 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide trough 16 via a first fixed seat 23. The first fixed seat 23 adopts a reinforced structure, which can reduce the transmission of vibration generated during motor operation. When raw materials tend to stick together or accumulate in the feed trough 16, the first drive motor 22 drives the rotating shaft 20 to rotate the stirring roller 21 at high speed. Through the impact and stirring action of the stirring roller 21 on the raw materials, the sticking structure of the raw materials is broken, the raw materials are promoted to flow along the feed trough 16, and the blockage phenomenon is effectively prevented.

[0036] As shown in Figure 6, in the preferred embodiment, the flat material structure includes a fixed rod 25 fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the guide trough 16. A first transmission wheel 26 is mounted on the end of the fixed rod 25 via a bearing seat. An eccentric rod 27 is eccentrically fixed to the edge of the first transmission wheel 26. The first transmission wheel 26 is driven by a second transmission wheel 29 via a ring-shaped first transmission belt 28. The second transmission wheel 29 is fixedly mounted on the output end of a second drive motor 30. The second drive motor 30 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide trough 16 via a second fixed seat 31, forming a stable power source. The eccentric rod 27 is inserted into a strip groove 32 on the limiting slide frame 33, forming a sliding engagement transmission structure. When the first transmission wheel 26 rotates, the eccentric rod 27 drives the strip groove 32 to reciprocate linearly, thereby driving the limiting slide frame 33 to move. The limiting slide frame 33 and the limiting slide groove 24 set on the outer wall of the guide chute 16 form a limiting sliding fit. The extension direction of the limiting slide groove 24 is consistent with the width direction of the conveying device, ensuring that the limiting slide frame 33 can only reciprocate along the width direction of the conveying device. The bottom of the limiting slide frame 33 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 36 through multiple sets of evenly distributed connecting arms 35. The connecting arms 35 are perpendicular to the movement direction of the limiting slide frame 33. The length of the fixed plate 36 is adapted to the width of the conveying device. Multiple sets of flat material push plates 37 are evenly provided at the bottom of the connecting arms 35 along the length direction of the fixed plate 36. The flat material push plates 37 extend vertically downward to the surface of the conveyor belt of the conveying device. When the limiting slide frame 33 drives the fixed plate 36 to reciprocate, the flat material push plates 37 will flatten the raw material accumulated on the conveyor belt, so that the thickness of the raw material layer is uniform and the flow stability is guaranteed in the subsequent conveying process.

[0037] As shown in Figure 6, in the preferred embodiment, the limiting slide frame 33 is provided with a baffle 34 that cooperates with the opening of the limiting slide groove 24. The baffle 34 is arranged along the length of the limiting slide groove 24, and its width is greater than the opening width of the limiting slide groove 24. It can completely cover the opening of the limiting slide groove 24, preventing raw material dust from entering the interior of the limiting slide groove 24 during the operation of the device, avoiding blockage of the slide groove and affecting the normal movement of the limiting slide frame 33. At the same time, it can also protect the sliding structure inside the slide groove and extend the service life of the device.

[0038] As shown in Figure 7, in the preferred embodiment, the discharge end of the guide trough 16 is symmetrically provided with bearing plates 38. The bearing plates 38 extend horizontally above the conveying device. The upper surface of the bearing plates 38 is evenly provided with multiple sets of sliding balls 39 through the mounting base. The top of the sliding balls 39 is slightly higher than the surface of the bearing plates 38. When the limiting slide frame 33 and the fixing plate 36 reciprocate, their bottoms will contact the sliding balls 39. Rolling friction replaces sliding friction, which greatly reduces the movement resistance and reduces power consumption. At the same time, it can also reduce the wear of the limiting slide frame 33 and the fixing plate 36, and improve the running stability and service life of the flat material structure.

[0039] As shown in Figures 8-10, in a preferred embodiment, the conveying device includes a support base 40 fixedly installed on a ground foundation. The support base 40 adopts a steel frame design and has sufficient load-bearing strength. The inlet end of the support base 40 is equipped with a protective cover 41, and the outlet end is equipped with a second shielding cover 42. The protective cover 41 and the second shielding cover 42 can respectively seal the inlet and outlet areas of the conveying device to prevent dust generation during the material feeding and discharging process. The bottom of the outlet end of the support base 40 is equipped with a discharge port 43 that precisely connects with the second wide-mouth feed trough 44. The discharge port 43 has a funnel-shaped structure, which can guide all the material on the conveyor belt to fall into the second wide-mouth feed trough 44, preventing material spillage. Along its length, the support base 40 is sequentially equipped with cooperating conveyor rollers 46, multiple sets of adjustable top support rollers 47, and multiple sets of bottom rollers 48. The conveyor rollers 46 are divided into driving rollers and driven rollers; the driving rollers provide power for the operation of the conveyor belt 49. The adjustable top support rollers 47 are positioned below the upper surface of the conveyor belt 49, and their height can be adjusted via an adjustment mechanism to regulate the tension of the conveyor belt 49, ensuring smooth operation and preventing slippage. The bottom rollers 48 are positioned below the lower surface of the conveyor belt 49 to support its weight and reduce sagging. A compatible conveyor belt 49 is fitted onto the cooperating conveyor rollers 46, multiple sets of adjustable top support rollers 47, and multiple sets of bottom rollers 48. The conveyor belt 49 is made of a wear-resistant and anti-adhesion material to reduce material residue on the conveyor belt. A third drive wheel 50 is provided at the end of the conveying roller 46 (i.e., the drive roller) located at the discharge end of the support base 40. The third drive wheel 50 is driven by a second drive belt 51 in conjunction with a fourth drive wheel 52. The fourth drive wheel 52 is fixedly mounted at the output end of a third drive motor 53. The third drive motor 53 is fixedly connected to the frame of the support base 40 through a third fixed seat 54, forming the power system of the conveying device. When the third drive motor 53 starts, the drive roller is driven to rotate through the transmission action of the fourth drive wheel 52, the second drive belt 51, and the third drive wheel 50, thereby driving the conveyor belt 49 to run stably along the length of the support base 40.

[0040] As shown in Figure 11, in a preferred embodiment, the dust removal structure 56 includes multiple sets of third shields 57 spaced apart on top of the conveyor device. These third shields 57 are evenly distributed along the running direction of the conveyor belt 49, and each set covers the conveyor belt area between two adjacent sets of material guiding structures 4, allowing for targeted collection of dust generated by raw materials in the conveyor belt connection area. Inside the third shields 57, multiple sets of parallel isolation plates 58 are provided along the width of the conveyor belt. These isolation plates 58 are perpendicular to the surface of the conveyor belt, dividing the internal space of the third shields 57 into multiple independent dust collection areas, improving dust collection efficiency. At the bottom of the isolation plates 58, filter brushes 59 are provided in close contact with the surface of the conveyor belt. The filter brushes 59 are made of flexible and wear-resistant material, effectively preventing dust from escaping from the bottom of the third shields 57 and cleaning the surface of the conveyor belt during operation, reducing raw material residue. The third shield 57 is equipped with a second vent pipe 60 located between multiple sets of isolation plates 58. Each set of second vent pipes 60 is connected to a third vent pipe 61 located at the top of the third shield 57. The third vent pipe 61 is connected to the dust removal device 3 through a second dust removal pipe 62, forming a dust collection path during the conveying stage, ensuring that the dust generated during the operation of the conveyor belt can be collected and treated in a timely manner.

[0041] Example 2: As shown in Figures 1-6, the working principle of this invention is as follows: Before feeding, based on the dust characteristics of the raw materials, the dust collection range of the dust collection hood 8 is changed by adjusting the expansion structure of the feeding unit 1. The folding arm 10 is controlled to extend and retract, driving the moving frame 11 to move, so that the soft cover 12 extends to a suitable range, ensuring that the dust generated during the feeding process can be fully covered. Then, according to the preset ratio scheme of tobacco fertilizer, raw materials of different components are fed into the device through the corresponding feeding unit 1. When the raw materials are fed, after large impurities are filtered out by the feeding grid 7, they enter the feeding port 6. At this time, the dust removal device 3 is activated, and the dust is collected in the first dust removal pipe 2 and the first... A negative pressure is formed inside the ventilation pipe 9. The dust collected by the dust collection hood 8 enters the dust removal device 3 through the first ventilation pipe 9 and the first dust removal pipe 2 for purification treatment, thereby achieving dust control during the feeding stage. The raw materials fed from the feeding unit 1 fall into the first wide-mouth feed trough 15 of the guiding structure 4. The weighing device 17 at the bottom of the trough collects the weight data of the raw materials in real time and transmits it to the central control system. When the weight of the raw materials reaches the preset ratio of the component, the control system sends a signal and the worker stops the feeding action at the feeding unit 1. The valve at the bottom of the first wide-mouth feed trough 15 opens, and the raw materials flow along the inclined guide trough 16 to the conveying device.During this process, the anti-clogging structure 19 continues to operate. The first drive motor 22 drives the rotating shaft 20 to rotate the stirring roller 21, stirring the raw materials in the guide trough 16 to prevent moisture-absorbing materials from sticking and clogging. At the same time, the leveling structure starts synchronously. The second drive motor 30 drives the first drive wheel 26 to rotate through the second drive wheel 29 and the first drive belt 28. The eccentric rod 27 slides in the strip groove 32, driving the limiting slide frame 33 to reciprocate along the limiting slide groove 24, thereby driving the fixed plate 36 and the leveling push plate 37 to move back and forth, causing the material to fall onto the conveyor belt. The raw materials are spread out to ensure a uniform thickness. The third drive motor 53 of the conveying device starts, driving the drive roller to rotate via the fourth transmission wheel 52, the second transmission belt 51, and the third transmission wheel 50, thus driving the conveyor belt 49 to run stably. The adjustable top support roller group 47 adjusts the top support height to ensure the tension of the conveyor belt 49, adapting to the overall conveying of raw materials of different total weights and preventing slippage. The bottom roller 48 supports the conveyor belt 49 to reduce deformation and ensure stable conveying of raw materials. During the conveying process, the third shield 57 covers the conveyor belt area, and the internal isolation plate 58 lifts the material. Dust is confined to an independent area. Filter brush 59 blocks dust from escaping and cleans the surface of the conveyor belt. Dust removal device 3 sucks up and treats the dust generated during the conveying process through the second vent pipe 60, the third vent pipe 61, and the second dust removal pipe 62, achieving secondary dust removal. The raw material conveyed to the discharge end by the conveyor belt 49 falls into the second wide-mouth feed trough 44 of the discharge structure 5 through the funnel-shaped discharge port 43 to avoid scattering. It then enters the screw conveyor device 45. The screw conveyor device 45 uses the rotation of the screw blades to evenly and stably transport the raw material to the subsequent mixing and granulation process. The entire mixing and conveying process is completed. The central control system of the device receives the weight data of the weighing device 17, the operating status data of each drive motor, and the working data of the dust removal device 3 in real time. When the raw material weight deviation exceeds the allowable range, the motor operates abnormally, the conveyor belt is blocked, or the dust removal effect is not up to standard, the control system will immediately issue an alarm signal and start corresponding emergency handling measures according to the fault type, such as stopping the feeding of relevant feeding units and suspending the operation of the conveying device. At the same time, the operator will be notified to handle the situation to ensure the controllability of the production process.

[0042] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Real-time acquisition of raw material weight data and linkage with the central control system; immediate stopping of feeding when the raw material reaches the preset weight, fundamentally avoiding the impact of flow fluctuations and raw material density changes on proportioning accuracy; flattening of raw materials ensures stable raw material flow during subsequent conveying, further improving proportioning accuracy and keeping the proportioning error within the allowable range for tobacco fertilizer, ensuring balanced nutrient absorption in tobacco leaves; effectively solving the dust problem during the conveying of lightweight powdery raw materials, protecting the production site and surrounding ecological environment, and preventing operators from inhaling dust and harming their respiratory health, thus reducing occupational health risks; effectively preventing material blockage in the feed chute, reducing the accumulation of raw materials on the conveyor belt, further reducing the risk of blockage, avoiding processing interruptions, and improving fertilizer production efficiency; enhancing the device's adaptability to raw materials with different characteristics, strengthening the device's versatility and practicality, and providing a reliable fertilizer guarantee for large-scale planting of high-quality tobacco leaves.

Claims

1. A quantitative mixing device for tobacco compound fertilizer, comprising multiple sets of linearly arranged feeding units (1), characterized in that: The feeding unit (1) is connected to the dust removal device (3) through the first dust removal pipe (2). The bottom of the feeding unit (1) is connected to the bottom conveying device through the material guide structure (4). The conveying device is equipped with a dust removal structure (56), which is connected to the dust removal device (3). The discharge end of the conveying device is connected to the discharge structure (5). The discharge structure (5) includes a second wide-mouth feed trough (44) and a screw conveyor (45). The material guide structure (4) includes a first wide-mouth feed trough (15) that is connected to the feeding unit (1). The first wide-mouth feed trough (15) is equipped with a weighing device (17). The bottom of the first wide-mouth feed trough (15) is connected to the conveying device through the material guide trough (16). The material guide trough (16) is equipped with a first shield (18), an anti-blocking structure (19), and a flat material structure that are connected to the conveying device.

2. The quantitative mixing device for tobacco compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding unit (1) includes a feeding port (6) and a dust collection hood (8) set on the site. The feeding port (6) is provided with a feeding grid (7). The dust collection hood (8) is connected to the first dust removal pipe (2) through the first ventilation pipe (9). The dust collection hood (8) is provided with an extension structure.

3. The quantitative mixing device for tobacco compound fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The extended structure includes folding arms (10) symmetrically arranged on the top of the dust collection hood (8). The extended end of the folding arm is provided with a moving frame (11). The moving frame (11) is connected to the opening end of the dust collection hood (8) through a soft cover (12). The bottom of the moving frame (11) is symmetrically provided with guide wheels (13) and limiting arms (14). The limiting arms (14) are in a limiting sliding fit with the outer walls on both sides of the dust collection hood (8).

4. The quantitative mixing device for tobacco compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-clogging structure (19) includes a rotating shaft (20) set at the feeding end of the guide trough (16). The rotating shaft (20) is provided with multiple sets of stirring rollers (21). The rotating shaft (20) is connected to the output end of the first drive motor (22). The first drive motor (22) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide trough (16) through the first fixed seat (23).

5. The quantitative mixing device for tobacco compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flat material structure includes a fixed rod (25) set on the outer wall of the guide trough (16), a first transmission wheel (26) set on the fixed rod (25), an eccentric rod (27) set on the first transmission wheel (26), the first transmission wheel (26) is driven by a first transmission belt (28) and a second transmission wheel (29), the second transmission wheel (29) is set at the output end of the second drive motor (30), the second drive motor (30) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide trough (16) through the second fixed seat (31), the eccentric rod (27) is driven by a strip groove (32), the strip groove (32) is set on the limiting slide frame (33), the limiting slide frame (33) is limited and slidably engaged with the limiting slide groove (24) set on the guide trough (16), the limiting slide frame (33) is connected to the fixed plate (36) through multiple sets of connecting arms (35), and multiple sets of flat material push plates (37) are provided at the bottom of the connecting arms (35).

6. The quantitative mixing device for tobacco compound fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting slide frame (33) is provided with a baffle (34) that cooperates with the groove opening of the limiting slide groove (24).

7. The quantitative mixing device for tobacco compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge end of the feed trough (16) is symmetrically provided with a bearing plate (38), and the bearing plate (38) is provided with multiple sets of sliding balls (39) that cooperate with the limiting slide frame (33) and the fixing plate (36).

8. The quantitative mixing device for tobacco compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying device includes a support base (40), with a protective cover (41) and a second shield (42) at the inlet and outlet ends of the support base (40), and a discharge port (43) at the outlet end of the support base (40) that cooperates with the second wide-mouth feed trough (44). The support base (40) is equipped with a conveying roller (46), multiple sets of adjustable top support rollers (47), and multiple sets of bottom rollers (48). 7) A conveyor belt (49) is fitted on multiple bottom rollers (48) to cooperate with the multiple rollers. A third drive wheel (50) is provided on the conveyor roller (46) located at the discharge end of the support seat (40). The third drive wheel (50) is driven by the fourth drive wheel (52) through the second drive belt (51). The fourth drive wheel (52) is located at the output end of the third drive motor (53). The third drive motor (53) is fixedly connected to the support seat (40) through the third fixed seat (54).

9. The quantitative mixing device for tobacco compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal structure (56) includes multiple sets of third shields (57) set on the top of the conveying device. The multiple sets of third shields (57) are spaced apart between adjacent material guiding structures (4). Multiple sets of isolation plates (58) are provided on the third shields (57). Filter brushes (59) are provided at the bottom of the isolation plates (58). Second air pipes (60) are provided between the multiple sets of isolation plates (59) on the third shields (57). The second air pipes (60) are connected to the second dust removal pipes (55) through the third air pipes (61). The second dust removal pipes (55) are connected to the dust removal device (3).

10. The mixing method of the quantitative mixing device for tobacco compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that... The process includes the following steps: Step 1: According to the dust characteristics of the raw materials, adjust the expansion structure of the feeding unit (1), and move the moving frame (11) by extending and retracting the folding arm (10) so that the soft cover (12) extends to a suitable range; according to the preset ratio, feed each component raw material into the corresponding feeding unit (1); Step 2: After the raw materials are filtered for impurities by the feeding grid (7), they enter the feeding port (6), and the dust removal device (3) is started. A negative pressure is formed in the first dust removal pipe (2) and the first ventilation pipe (9). The dust collected by the dust collection hood (8) enters the dust removal device (3) for purification through the first ventilation pipe (9) and the first dust removal pipe (2); Step 3: The raw materials fall into the guide The first wide-mouth feed trough (15) of the material structure (4) transmits the weight to the central control system in real time through the weighing device (17) at the bottom of the trough. When the weight reaches the preset value, the feeding unit (1) stops feeding. Step 4: Open the bottom valve of the first wide-mouth feed trough (15). The raw material flows along the guide trough (16). The anti-blocking material structure (19) runs. The first drive motor (22) drives the rotating shaft (20) to drive the stirring rod (21) to rotate and stir the raw material to prevent sticking and blockage. Step 5: The leveling structure starts synchronously. The second drive motor (30) drives the first drive wheel (26) to rotate through the second drive wheel (29) and the first drive belt (28). The eccentric rod (27) Drive the limit sliding frame (33) to move back and forth, and drive the flat material pusher (37) through the fixed plate (36) to flatten the raw material on the conveyor belt; Step 6: Start the third drive motor (53) of the conveyor device, and drive the active roller to rotate through the fourth transmission wheel (52), the second transmission belt (51), and the third transmission wheel (50) to make the conveyor belt (49) run. The adjustable top support roller group (47) adjusts the top support height to ensure that the conveyor belt (49) is taut, and the bottom roller (48) supports the conveyor belt (49) to reduce deformation; Step 7: The third shield (57) covers the conveyor belt area, the isolation plate (58) limits the dust range, and the filter brush (59) blocks Dust is blocked and the conveyor belt is cleaned. The dust removal device (3) sucks in and treats the conveyor dust through the second ventilation pipe (60), the third ventilation pipe (61), and the second dust removal pipe (62). Step 8: The raw material falls into the second wide-mouth feed trough (44) of the discharge structure (5) through the discharge port (43) at the discharge end of the conveyor belt (49), and then enters the screw conveyor (45). The screw blades rotate to transport the raw material to the subsequent mixing and granulation process. Step 9: The central control system receives the data of the weighing device (17), the operating status of each motor and the data of the dust removal device (3) in real time. When an abnormality occurs, an alarm is immediately triggered and emergency measures are activated to notify the operators to handle the situation.

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