Classification recycling process for beneficiation wastewater of complex tungsten-molybdenum-bismuth fluorite polymetallic ore

Abstract

The invention discloses a grading and recycling process for complex tungsten-molybdenum-bismuth fluorite polymetallic ore beneficiation wastewater, and belongs to the field of beneficiation wastewater recycling. Accurate recycling is realized by establishing a three-dimensional incidence matrix of'wastewater component-recycling process-treatment requirement ', including recycling of ore grinding wastewater, recycling of sulfide ore wastewater, recycling of tungsten concentrate wastewater, recycling of fluorite concentrate wastewater and recycling of tailing wastewater; meanwhile, the method for adjusting the pH value to 8.5-9.5 through the cooperation of the residual sulfur-inhibiting agent in the sulfide ore wastewater and the supplemented lime is proposed for the first time, and the residual sulfur-inhibiting agent enters the molybdenum-bismuth concentration section as flotation flushing water to replace a collecting agent and an inhibitor of the molybdenum-bismuth separation section, so that the traditional'treatment-discharge 'one-way mode is broken through; the whole-process pH gradient control (grinding to be neutral, tungsten separation to be alkaline and tailings to be nearly neutral) is realized through grading and recycling, and the consumption of a neutralizing agent is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mineral processing wastewater reuse, specifically involving a staged and graded reuse process for mineral processing wastewater containing polymetallic ores such as tungsten, molybdenum, bismuth, and fluorite. By classifying wastewater sources, directional matching of pollutants, and synergistic reuse of processes, the invention achieves the dual goals of reducing mineral processing wastewater treatment costs and increasing water resource recovery rates. Background Technology

[0002] Centralized reuse of mineral processing wastewater is an important way for mines to achieve green production. Traditional polymetallic mineral processing plants generally adopt a wastewater management model of "mixed collection → tailings pond sedimentation → centralized treatment", which has the following technical defects:

[0003] (1) The cumulative effect of pollutants: After multiple cycles of mixing and recycling of wastewater from various mineral processing stages (such as sanitary wastewater, concentrate overflow water, and tailings water), residual reagents (xanthate, black reagent, water glass, etc.) and heavy metal ions (WO4) accumulate. 2- MoS4 2- Bi 3+ F - As the concentration of pollutants (such as Bi2(WO4)3) continues to rise, complex pollutants are formed and complexation reactions occur, which may generate difficult-to-degrade composite pollutants (such as Bi2(WO4)3 colloids). This not only increases the difficulty of treatment but also affects flotation indicators, leading to an increased risk of COD and heavy metal contamination in wastewater. For example, when the COD of recycled water in a tungsten-molybdenum mine accumulated to 800 mg / L, the grade of molybdenum concentrate decreased by 3.2%.

[0004] (2) Poor water quality compatibility: The mixing of wastewater from different processes (such as alkaline tungsten beneficiation wastewater and acidic sulfide ore wastewater) causes pH conflict (fluctuation between 4.5 and 10.5), resulting in reagent failure and pipeline corrosion. A polymetallic mine in Jiangxi Province incurred annual pipeline replacement costs exceeding 2 million yuan due to pH loss.

[0005] (3) Difficulty in selective reuse: Centralized treatment destroys the characteristics of wastewater and loses its value for segmented utilization. For example, CaF2 micro powder (particle size <5μm) in fluorite wastewater could have been used for concentrate washing, but after mixing, it was forced to be discharged due to excessive SS (>3000mg / L).

[0006] (4) Poor system stability: Fluctuations in water volume (±30%) cause frequent start-ups and shutdowns of the reuse system, resulting in a loss of more than 500 hours of production time per year for a certain lead-zinc ore beneficiation plant.

[0007] (5) High treatment cost: The treatment of mixed wastewater requires a multi-stage process of "neutralization sedimentation + flocculation + adsorption", which increases the consumption of reagents by 30-50% (taking a certain beneficiation plant as an example, the treatment cost is as high as 12 yuan / ton).

[0008] (6) Waste of water resources: Some wastewater (such as overflow water from alkaline tungsten concentrate) can be directly reused in specific processes, but after mixing, it loses its reuse value due to water quality deterioration.

[0009] Therefore, developing a staged-graded reuse process for complex tungsten-molybdenum-bismuth-fluorite polymetallic ore beneficiation wastewater, improving the comprehensive utilization rate of water resources and reducing water treatment costs, has significant industrial application value. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to classify and reuse wastewater from the mineral processing stage, improve the comprehensive utilization rate of water resources, and reduce water treatment costs.

[0011] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the inventors, through practice and summarization, derived the technical solution of this invention, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0012] A graded reuse process for wastewater from the beneficiation of complex tungsten, molybdenum, bismuth, and fluorite polymetallic ores is characterized by the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Reuse of grinding wastewater

[0014] After being classified by hydrocyclones, the raw ore in the grinding section is reused in the grinding process. The overflow water from the classification is mixed with the production water and returned to the grinding water replenishment system.

[0015] Step 2: Reuse of sulfide ore wastewater

[0016] Sulfide ore wastewater includes overflow water from sulfur concentrate, overflow water from molybdenum concentrate, and overflow water from bismuth concentrate.

[0017] After adjusting the pH of the overflow water from the sulfur concentrate to 8.5-9.5, it is reused as flushing water in the molybdenum-bismuth beneficiation section.

[0018] The overflow water from the molybdenum concentrate is reused as flushing water in the molybdenum-bismuth separation and beneficiation section and as flushing water in the concentrate pipeline.

[0019] The overflow water from the bismuth concentrate is reused as flushing water in the molybdenum-bismuth separation scavenging section, and is used as makeup water for flotation.

[0020] Step 3: Reuse of tungsten concentrate wastewater

[0021] Tungsten concentrate wastewater includes concentrate concentration overflow water and concentrate filter water. It contains a lot of collectors and is directly used as flushing water for tungsten roughing flotation columns. The residual collectors and activators are used to reduce the amount of beneficiation reagents under the condition of tailings.

[0022] Step 4: Reuse of fluorite concentrate wastewater

[0023] Fluorite concentrate wastewater includes overflow water from the concentrate thickening tank and filter press water. After microfiltration, it is used as concentrate filter cake and pipeline flushing water, and is repeatedly recycled. It does not participate in flotation.

[0024] Step 5: Reuse of tailings wastewater

[0025] Fluorite roughing tailings need to undergo flocculation, oxidation, and sedimentation to obtain roughing tailings wastewater;

[0026] After the tailings wastewater from the roughing process is transported to the tailings pond for sedimentation, concentration, and overflow, it is then treated by the existing water treatment system and discharged into the water supply pool after meeting the standards. It is then mixed with fresh water for use by the beneficiation plant.

[0027] The tailings water from the selected tailings is used as the tailings water after fluorite selection. After sedimentation and concentration, it is used as the rinsing water for the fluorite selection section, replacing 30-40% of the fresh water usage.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the cyclone separator has a grading particle size of 0.1 mm.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, in step 2, lime is used to adjust the pH value to 8.5-9.5, and the dosage is 50-100 mg / L.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the pore size of the microfiltration membrane in step 4 is 0.1 μm.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the overflow water from the sulfur concentrate flows into a recovery tank through a pipeline. A liquid level control plate is installed in the recovery tank, which divides the recovery tank into a collection chamber and an adjustment chamber.

[0032] The regulating chamber is equipped with a pH meter and a stirrer.

[0033] The top of the regulating silo is equipped with a storage silo, which is connected to the lime storage tank by a pipe and a conveying pump is installed on the pipe.

[0034] A partition is installed between the regulating chamber and the containing chamber. An opening and closing cylinder and a weighing device are installed at the bottom of the partition. The weighing device is installed in the regulating chamber. A sealing plate is hinged to the piston rod end of the opening and closing cylinder. The sealing plate is rotatably installed on the partition. Multiple filling ports are arranged circumferentially on both the partition and the sealing plate. The piston rod of the opening and closing cylinder extends outward and drives the sealing plate to rotate relative to the partition at a certain angle. The filling ports on the partition and the sealing plate are aligned vertically to add lime.

[0035] The regulating chamber is connected to the flushing pipe inside the collection tank via one pipeline and to the hollow scraper shaft via another pipeline.

[0036] A collection tank is provided on one side of the flotation machine, and a flushing pipeline is installed inside the collection tank. A hollow scraper shaft is provided on the side of the flotation machine near the collection tank, and a scraper structure and a flushing structure are installed on the hollow scraper shaft.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the bubble scraping structure includes a bubble scraping plate, which is fixedly mounted on a hollow bubble scraping shaft;

[0038] The bubble scraper has a T-shaped structure with one end larger than the other, and the larger end is fixed to the hollow scraper shaft.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the rinsing structure includes rinsing channels disposed on the hollow scraper shaft, with the rinsing channels distributed on both sides of the corresponding scraper plate;

[0040] An opening and closing valve plate is fitted on the outer side of the bubble scraper. The opening and closing valve plate and the hollow bubble scraper shaft are connected by an elastic element. An external pusher that moves along the axial direction of the hollow bubble scraper shaft is installed between the opening and closing valve plate and the hollow bubble scraper shaft. The external pusher and the opening and closing valve plate are in contact through a wedge structure.

[0041] An external protrusion is installed on the frame of the flotation machine. The external protrusion is located on the circumferential running trajectory of the external pusher and is used to axially press the external pusher to open the opening and closing valve plate after the scraper plate leaves the flotation cell of the flotation machine.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the side of the opening and closing valve plate away from the hollow shaft of the scraper is provided with a closing structure, which is fitted onto the outside of the scraper plate. A rubber strip is installed on the inside of the closing structure to block the rinsing channel.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, a lifting cylinder is installed inside the recovery tank. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder is connected to the liquid level control plate to drive it to move up and down. Liquid level gauges are installed in both the collection tank and the regulating tank.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] 1. Pioneering wastewater source-process matching model: By establishing a three-dimensional correlation matrix of "wastewater composition - reuse process - treatment requirements" (as shown in Table 1), precise reuse is achieved;

[0046] 2. Co-utilization of reagents: For the first time, it is proposed to use the residual sulfur inhibitor in the sulfide ore wastewater in combination with the added lime to adjust the pH to 8.5-9.5, and use it as flotation wash water to enter the molybdenum-bismuth concentrate section. The overflow water of molybdenum concentrate and bismuth concentrate can also replace the collector and inhibitor in the molybdenum-bismuth separation section, breaking through the traditional one-way "treatment-discharge" mode.

[0047] 3. Water quality gradient control method: The pH gradient control of the whole process is achieved through graded reuse (neutral in grinding → alkaline in tungsten beneficiation → near neutral in tailings), reducing the consumption of neutralizing agents.

[0048] 4. Improve the equipment for the sulfur concentrate overflow water reuse process in the mineral processing system. By using a weighing device in conjunction with a pH meter to accurately control the pH value of the overflow water, the problem of inaccurate pH control on site is solved. At the same time, the overflow water is reused in two ways to the molybdenum-bismuth refining section. One way is to rinse the flotation foam on the surface of the flotation plate, and the other way is to rinse the flotation foam in the collection tank. Both are reused to the molybdenum-bismuth refining section. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wastewater graded reuse process of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a system structure diagram of the sulfur concentrate wastewater reuse of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the recovery tank in a system for reusing wastewater from sulfur concentrate.

[0052] Figure 4 This is a front view of the flotation machine in a system for reusing sulfur concentrate wastewater.

[0053] Figure 5 Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0054] Figure 6 Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point B.

[0055] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the internal structure of a flotation machine in a system for recycling sulfur concentrate wastewater.

[0056] Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of the hollow shaft and scraper plate of the flotation machine in a system for recycling sulfur concentrate wastewater.

[0057] In the picture:

[0058] 10. Recovery tank; 11. Liquid level control panel; 12. Collection chamber; 13. Adjustment chamber; 14. pH meter; 15. Agitator; 16. Storage chamber; 17. Lime storage tank; 18. Baffle; 19. Sealing plate; 110. Weighing device; 111. Opening and closing cylinder; 112. Filling port; 113. Lifting cylinder; 114. Liquid level gauge;

[0059] 20. Flotation machine; 21. Collection tank; 22. Flushing pipeline; 23. Hollow scraper shaft; 24. Scraper plate; 25. Flushing channel; 26. Opening and closing valve plate; 27. Elastic element; 28. Outward pusher; 29. ​​Wedge structure; 210. Outward protrusion; 211. Rubber strip. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0061] This invention proposes a graded reuse process for wastewater from complex tungsten, molybdenum, bismuth, and fluorite polymetallic ore beneficiation. The core idea is as follows:

[0062] ① Source Classification

[0063] Wastewater is classified into five categories according to its source (grinding, sulfide ore separation, tungsten flotation, fluorite flotation, and tailings concentration) to avoid cross-contamination of pollutants;

[0064] ② Targeted reuse

[0065] Based on the characteristics of various wastewater components (pH, residual reagents, ion types), they are matched to specific processes for recycling, achieving "waste treatment with waste";

[0066] ③ Synergistic effect

[0067] The amount of reagents added in subsequent processes can be reduced by utilizing residual reagents in wastewater (such as sulfur inhibitors, sodium sulfide reagents and kerosene in sulfide ore wastewater), while the metal recovery rate can be improved through water quality adaptability design.

[0068] ④ Wastewater classification stage

[0069] Grinding and thickening wastewater: overflow water after grinding and thickening, containing mineral particles with a particle size of <0.1mm, with no reagent residue, and a pH of 7-9;

[0070] Sulfide ore wastewater: overflow water from sulfur concentrate contains lime and residual sulfur-inhibiting agents; overflow water from molybdenum concentrate contains kerosene; overflow water from bismuth concentrate contains sodium sulfide and water glass, etc., with a pH of 12.5-14.

[0071] Tungsten concentrate wastewater: contains collectors such as lead nitrate and benzo[a]hydroxyxamic acid, pH 7-8.5;

[0072] Fluorite concentrate wastewater: contains CaF2 and fatty acid collectors;

[0073] Fluorite tailings wastewater: The overflow water from the concentrated tailings of fluorite beneficiation contains residual reagents and calcium carbonate and silicate reagents that inhibit the fluorite processing section, such as water glass and DF-06 (calcium carbonate inhibitor). The overflow water from the roughing tailings of fluorite contains residual molybdenum bismuth tungsten reagents.

[0074] The technical solution of this invention:

[0075] 1. Wastewater classification and water quality characteristics are shown in Table 1 below:

[0076]

[0077] 2. Graded reuse process (e.g.) Figure 1 As shown, red indicates the direction of recycled water flow, and black indicates the direction of slurry flow.

[0078] Step 1: Reuse of grinding wastewater

[0079] Reuse path: After the raw ore in the grinding section passes through the iron removal cyclone thickening overflow water, the cyclone thickening uses a 0.1mm classifier for particle size classification. This portion of overflow water has no mineral processing reagents and can be mixed with production water before being returned to the grinding water replenishment system, thereby reducing the amount of replenishment water used at the source.

[0080] Step 2: Reuse of sulfide ore wastewater

[0081] Reuse path: The overflow water from the sulfur concentrate is adjusted to pH 8.5-9.5 with lime at a dosage of 50-100 mg / L and reused as the flushing water in the molybdenum-bismuth desulfurization flotation operation. This flushing water then enters the molybdenum-bismuth cleaning section for multiple cleaning operations. The reagents will remain in the tailings, with only a small amount (negligible) entering the molybdenum-bismuth separation and sorting section.

[0082] The overflow water from the molybdenum concentrate is reused as flushing water in the molybdenum-bismuth separation and beneficiation section and as flushing water in the concentrate pipeline.

[0083] The overflow water from bismuth concentrate is reused as flushing water in the molybdenum-bismuth separation and scavenging section.

[0084] Kerosene is used as a collector for molybdenum concentrate. Most of the kerosene enters the overflow water after the molybdenum concentrate is concentrated. This part of the kerosene can be recycled repeatedly. Sodium sulfide is used as a depressant for bismuth sulfide, and the process of suppressing sulfur enters the overflow water after the bismuth sulfide concentrate is concentrated. The residual sodium sulfide is returned to the flotation process and can be fully utilized.

[0085] Reusing this portion of water can reduce the amount of kerosene and sodium sulfide used by 10-20%.

[0086] Step 3: Reuse of tungsten concentrate wastewater

[0087] Reuse path: Tungsten concentrate wastewater includes concentrate concentration overflow water and concentrate filter water. It contains a lot of collectors and can be directly used as flushing water for tungsten roughing flotation columns. By utilizing the large amount of residual benzoyl oxime collector and activators such as lead ions, the amount of mineral processing reagents can be reduced under tailings conditions.

[0088] Synergistic effect: After the activators such as benzoyl hydroxamic acid collector and lead ions in the overflow water of tungsten concentrate were reused, the actual use process reduced the amount of collectors used by 10%.

[0089] Step 4: Reuse of fluorite concentrate wastewater

[0090] Reuse path: Fluorite concentrate wastewater includes overflow water from the concentrate thickening tank and filter press water. After microfiltration, it can be used as concentrate filter cake and pipeline flushing water, and can be repeatedly recycled without participating in flotation.

[0091] The membrane pore size of the microfiltration membrane is 0.1 μm;

[0092] Step 5: Tailings wastewater reuse

[0093] Pretreatment: Fluorite roughing tailings need to undergo simple flocculation + oxidation + sedimentation to obtain overflow water.

[0094] Reuse path: The tailings water from the fluorite beneficiation process is used as the wastewater after sedimentation and concentration, and then used as the flushing water for the fluorite beneficiation stage, replacing 30%-40% of the fresh water usage. The roughing tailings wastewater is transported to the tailings dam for sedimentation and concentration, and after overflow, it passes through the existing water treatment system. Once it meets the standards, it is discharged into the feedwater tank and mixed with fresh water for use in the beneficiation plant, thereby significantly reducing the amount of fresh water required.

[0095] The above solution has already been applied in a tungsten-molybdenum-bismuth-fluorite mine beneficiation plant in Jiangxi Province (processing capacity 3000t / d):

[0096] 1. Original process

[0097] Total wastewater volume: 2200 m³ 3 / d, uniformly discharged into the tailings dam, with a processing cost of 11.8 yuan / ton;

[0098] External wastewater quality: COD 280 mg / L, WO4 2- 15mg / L, F - 12 mg / L, requires additional deep treatment.

[0099] 2. Implementation process of the present invention

[0100] Grinding wastewater reuse: 800 m 3 Wastewater is reused after being classified by hydrocyclones. This classification and reuse process achieves the grinding classification principle of "discarding what can be discarded as early as possible and collecting what can be collected as early as possible." That is, the ground material is discharged in a timely manner to avoid over-grinding and reduce wasted energy; at the same time, the slurry environment inside the mill is optimized, improving energy utilization efficiency, and the ball mill power consumption is reduced from 18.5 kWh / t to 16.9 kWh / t.

[0101] Sulfide ore wastewater reuse: Adjust the pH to 8.5-9.5 and reuse it in the molybdenum-bismuth beneficiation section, reducing the dosage of sulfur inhibitor from 150 g / t to 110 g / t;

[0102] Tungsten concentrate wastewater reuse: As flotation column washing water, the tungsten roughing recovery rate increased from 85.3% to 87.6%;

[0103] Tailings wastewater reuse: replacing 60% of the fresh rinsing water, saving 520,000 yuan in water costs annually.

[0104] Wastewater discharge: from 2200 m³ 3 / d decreased to 600 m 3 / d, reducing processing costs to 5.2 yuan / ton;

[0105] Resource indicators: The overflow water from tungsten concentrate contains benzoic acid (collector) and lead ions (activator). Based on the deep coupling of flotation chemical and physical processes, the reuse of this wastewater can improve the grade of tungsten concentrate and reduce tailings loss. Ultimately, the grade of tungsten concentrate increased by 1.8%, and the CaF2 content of fluorite concentrate increased from 92.5% to 95.3%.

[0106] Environmental indicators: Wastewater COD < 80mg / L, WO4 2- <1mg / L, F - <8mg / L.

[0107] This process has been running continuously for 12 months at the mine's beneficiation plant, saving a total of approximately 860,000 cubic meters of water and reducing reagent costs by approximately 4.2 million yuan. It is suitable for treating similar complex-component beneficiation wastewater.

[0108] Another objective is that, due to the continuous outflow of sulfur concentrate overflow water, the on-site equipment cannot accurately adjust the pH to 8.5-9.5 by adding lime online. This is because, since the lime addition device and the recovery tank are connected by a pipeline, when the data collected by the pH meter reaches the threshold, although the lime addition device stops working, there is still lime in the pipeline, which makes it impossible to accurately control the pH.

[0109] Therefore, the following improvements are made:

[0110] like Figures 2 to 8 As shown, the overflow water from the sulfur concentrate flows into the recovery tank 10 through a pipeline. A liquid level control plate 11 is installed in the recovery tank 10, which divides the recovery tank 10 into a collection chamber 12 and an adjustment chamber 13.

[0111] A lifting cylinder 113 is installed inside the recovery tank 10. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder 113 is connected to the liquid level control plate 11 to drive it to move up and down. A liquid level gauge 114 is installed in the collection tank 12 and the regulating tank 13.

[0112] The regulating chamber 13 is equipped with a pH meter 14 and a stirrer 15.

[0113] The top of the regulating chamber 13 is provided with a receiving chamber 16, which is connected to the lime storage tank 17 through a pipe and a conveying pump is provided on the pipe.

[0114] A partition 18 is provided between the regulating chamber 13 and the containing chamber 16. An opening and closing cylinder 111 and a weighing device 110 are provided at the bottom of the partition 18. The weighing device 110 is installed in the regulating chamber 13. A sealing plate 19 is hinged to the piston rod end of the opening and closing cylinder 111. The sealing plate 19 is rotatably mounted on the partition 18. Multiple filling ports 112 are arranged circumferentially on both the partition 18 and the sealing plate 19. The piston rod of the opening and closing cylinder 111 extends outward and drives the sealing plate 19 to rotate relative to the partition 18 at a certain angle. The filling ports 112 on the partition 18 and the sealing plate 19 are aligned vertically to add lime.

[0115] The regulating chamber 13 is connected to the flushing pipe 22 inside the collection tank 21 via one pipe and to the hollow scraper shaft 23 via another pipe;

[0116] The overflow water from the sulfur concentrate enters the collection chamber 12. When the set liquid level is reached (the liquid level data is collected by the liquid level gauge 114 in the collection chamber 12), the lifting cylinder 113 drives the liquid level control plate 11 downward, allowing the collected overflow water to flow into the regulating chamber 113. When the liquid level in the regulating chamber 113 reaches the set liquid level (the liquid level data is collected by the liquid level gauge 114 in the regulating chamber 13), the lifting cylinder 113 drives the liquid level control plate 11 upward, blocking the overflow water.

[0117] The opening and closing cylinder 111 drives the sealing plate 19 to rotate at a certain angle until the upper and lower filling ports 112 coincide, and lime is added into the regulating chamber 13. The amount of lime added is precisely controlled by weighing the weight difference of lime before and after the addition by the weighing device 110. The pH value is precisely controlled by the pH detector 14. During the addition, the stirrer 15 mixes and stirs the lime and overflow water in the regulating chamber 13 to accelerate the adjustment of the pH value.

[0118] A collection tank 21 is provided on one side of the flotation machine 20, and a flushing pipe 22 is installed in the collection tank 21. A bubble scraping hollow shaft 23 is provided on the side of the flotation machine 20 near the collection tank 21, and a bubble scraping structure and a flushing structure are installed on the bubble scraping hollow shaft 23.

[0119] The bubble scraping structure includes a bubble scraping plate 24, which is fixedly mounted on the hollow bubble scraping shaft 23.

[0120] The bubble scraper 24 has a T-shaped structure with one end larger than the other. The larger end is fixed to the hollow bubble scraper shaft 23 by two mounting plates. The mounting plates are provided with slots corresponding to the position of the rinsing channel 25. The mounting plates are by default part of the hollow bubble scraper shaft 23.

[0121] The rinsing structure includes rinsing channels 25 disposed on the hollow scraper shaft 23, and the rinsing channels 25 are distributed on both sides of the corresponding scraper plate 24.

[0122] An opening and closing valve plate 26 is fitted on the outer side of the bubble scraper 24. The opening and closing valve plate 26 and the hollow bubble scraper shaft 23 (on which a mounting plate is mounted) are connected by an elastic element 27. A T-shaped structure is provided on the mounting plate for axial guidance of the pusher 28. The pusher 28, which moves axially along the hollow bubble scraper shaft 23, is installed between the opening and closing valve plate 26 and the hollow bubble scraper shaft 23. The pusher 28 and the opening and closing valve plate 26 are in contact through a wedge structure 29. The wedge structure 29 includes an outwardly protruding wedge body arranged on the pusher 28 and an inwardly concave wedge groove arranged on the opening and closing valve plate 26. The two are adapted to realize the radial movement of the opening and closing valve plate 26. After the outward squeezing force of the pusher 28 is released, the elastic element 27 can move the pusher 28 outward and reset it.

[0123] An external protrusion 210 is installed on the frame of the flotation machine 20. The external protrusion 210 is located on the circumferential running trajectory of the external pusher 28 and is used to axially press the external pusher 28 to open the opening and closing valve plate 26 after the scraper plate 24 leaves the flotation tank of the flotation machine 20.

[0124] The opening and closing valve plate 26 is provided with a closing structure on the side away from the hollow scraper shaft 23. The closing structure is fitted on the outside of the scraper plate 24. A rubber strip 211 is installed on the inside of the closing structure to block the flushing channel 25 (that is, the corresponding groove on the mounting plate).

[0125] After pH adjustment, the overflow water flows through two pipelines: one enters the flushing pipeline 22 in the collection tank 21 to flush the flotation foam scraped in by the flotation plate 24; the other enters the hollow flotation shaft 23. When the hollow flotation shaft 23 is rotated by the geared motor unit until the flotation plate 24 is removed from the flotation tank, the outer protrusion 210 applies an axial pushing force to the outer pusher 28, which pushes the outer pusher 28 outward through the wedge structure 29 to open and close the valve plate 26, moving the valve plate 26 away from the hollow flotation shaft 23, thereby opening the flushing channel 25. The water flow impact causes the rubber strip 211 to undergo elastic deformation, which in turn washes the surface of the flotation plate 23. The foam on the surface of the flotation plate 24 flows downward into the collection tank 21, and the pH-adjusted overflow water enters the molybdenum-bismuth concentrate section.

[0126] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. The substitutions may be replacements of some structures, devices, or method steps, or they may be complete technical solutions. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A graded reuse process for wastewater from the beneficiation of complex tungsten, molybdenum, bismuth, and fluorite polymetallic ores, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: Step 1: Reuse of grinding wastewater After being classified by hydrocyclones, the raw ore in the grinding section is reused in the grinding process. The overflow water from the classification is mixed with the production water and returned to the grinding water replenishment system. Step 2: Reuse of sulfide ore wastewater Sulfide ore wastewater includes overflow water from sulfur concentrate, overflow water from molybdenum concentrate, and overflow water from bismuth concentrate. After adjusting the pH of the overflow water from the sulfur concentrate to 8.5-9.5, it is reused as flushing water in the molybdenum-bismuth beneficiation section. The overflow water from the molybdenum concentrate is reused as flushing water in the molybdenum-bismuth separation and beneficiation section and as flushing water in the concentrate pipeline; the overflow water from the bismuth concentrate is reused as flushing water in the molybdenum-bismuth separation and scavenging section. Step 3: Reuse of tungsten concentrate wastewater Tungsten concentrate wastewater includes concentrate concentration overflow water and concentrate filter water. It contains a lot of collectors and is directly used as flushing water for tungsten roughing flotation columns. The residual collectors and activators are used to reduce the amount of beneficiation reagents under the condition of tailings. Step 4: Reuse of fluorite concentrate wastewater Fluorite concentrate wastewater includes overflow water from the concentrate thickening tank and filter press water. After microfiltration, it is used as concentrate filter cake and pipeline flushing water, and is repeatedly recycled. It does not participate in flotation. Step 5: Reuse of tailings wastewater Fluorite roughing tailings need to undergo flocculation, oxidation, and sedimentation to obtain roughing tailings wastewater; After the tailings wastewater from the roughing process is transported to the tailings pond for sedimentation, concentration, and overflow, it is then treated by the existing water treatment system and discharged into the water supply pool after meeting the standards. It is then mixed with fresh water for use by the beneficiation plant. The tailings water from the selected tailings is used as the tailings water after fluorite selection. After sedimentation and concentration, it is used as the rinsing water for the fluorite selection section, replacing 30-40% of the fresh water usage.

2. The graded reuse process for wastewater from complex tungsten-molybdenum-bismuth-fluorite polymetallic ore beneficiation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the hydrocyclone grading particle size is 0.1 mm.

3. The graded reuse process for wastewater from complex tungsten-molybdenum-bismuth-fluorite polymetallic ore beneficiation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, lime is used to adjust the pH value to 8.5-9.5, and the dosage is 50-100 mg / L.

4. The graded reuse process for wastewater from complex tungsten-molybdenum-bismuth-fluorite polymetallic ore beneficiation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pore size of the microfiltration membrane in step 4 is 0.1 μm.

5. The graded reuse process for wastewater from complex tungsten-molybdenum-bismuth-fluorite polymetallic ore beneficiation as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The overflow water from the sulfur concentrate flows through a pipeline into a recovery tank, which is equipped with a liquid level control plate that divides the recovery tank into a collection chamber and an adjustment chamber. The regulating chamber is equipped with a pH meter and a stirrer. The top of the regulating silo is equipped with a storage silo, which is connected to the lime storage tank by a pipe and a conveying pump is installed on the pipe. A partition is installed between the regulating chamber and the containing chamber. An opening and closing cylinder and a weighing device are installed at the bottom of the partition. The weighing device is installed in the regulating chamber. A sealing plate is hinged to the piston rod end of the opening and closing cylinder. The sealing plate is rotatably installed on the partition. Multiple filling ports are arranged circumferentially on both the partition and the sealing plate. The piston rod of the opening and closing cylinder extends outward and drives the sealing plate to rotate relative to the partition at a certain angle. The filling ports on the partition and the sealing plate are aligned vertically to add lime. The regulating chamber is connected to the flushing pipe inside the collection tank via one pipeline and to the hollow scraper shaft via another pipeline. A collection tank is provided on one side of the flotation machine, and a flushing pipeline is installed inside the collection tank. A hollow scraper shaft is provided on the side of the flotation machine near the collection tank, and a scraper structure and a flushing structure are installed on the hollow scraper shaft.

6. The graded reuse process for wastewater from complex tungsten-molybdenum-bismuth-fluorite polymetallic ore beneficiation as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The bubble scraping structure includes a bubble scraping plate, which is fixedly mounted on a hollow bubble scraping shaft. The bubble scraper has a T-shaped structure with one end larger than the other, and the larger end is fixed to the hollow scraper shaft.

7. The graded reuse process for wastewater from complex tungsten-molybdenum-bismuth-fluorite polymetallic ore beneficiation as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The rinsing structure includes rinsing channels disposed on the hollow scraper shaft, with the rinsing channels distributed on both sides of the corresponding scraper plate; An opening and closing valve plate is fitted on the outer side of the bubble scraper. The opening and closing valve plate and the hollow bubble scraper shaft are connected by an elastic element. An external pusher that moves along the axial direction of the hollow bubble scraper shaft is installed between the opening and closing valve plate and the hollow bubble scraper shaft. The external pusher and the opening and closing valve plate are in contact through a wedge structure. An external protrusion is installed on the frame of the flotation machine. The external protrusion is located on the circumferential running trajectory of the external pusher and is used to axially press the external pusher to open the opening and closing valve plate after the scraper plate leaves the flotation cell of the flotation machine.

8. The graded reuse process for wastewater from complex tungsten-molybdenum-bismuth-fluorite polymetallic ore beneficiation as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The opening and closing valve plate has a closing structure on the side away from the hollow scraper shaft. The closing structure is fitted onto the outside of the scraper plate, and a rubber strip is installed on the inside of the closing structure to block the rinsing channel.

9. A graded reuse process for wastewater from complex tungsten-molybdenum-bismuth-fluorite polymetallic ore beneficiation, as described in claim 8, is characterized in that... A lifting cylinder is installed inside the recovery tank. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder is connected to the liquid level control plate to drive it to move up and down. Liquid level gauges are installed in both the collection tank and the regulating tank.

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