Multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel surrounding rock treatment trolleys, in particular to a multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley which comprises a trolley body, a guniting device and a vibration part are arranged on the trolley body, and the vibration part comprises a working box and further comprises a control arm. The working box is arranged on the control arm, a driving motor is arranged on the working box, a limiting assembly is arranged on the top in the working box in a sliding mode, a vibrating roller is arranged on the limiting assembly, a driving shaft connected with an output shaft of the driving motor is rotationally arranged in the working box, and a crankshaft assembly for driving the vibrating roller to vibrate is arranged on the driving shaft; through an overall structure with the synergistic effect of high-frequency multi-point driving, elastic resetting and double buffering, efficient, fine and low-damage pretreatment of the surface of tunnel surrounding rock is achieved, the defect of an existing guniting trolley in the pretreatment capacity is effectively overcome, and the problems of poor spraying layer adhesion, construction reworking and the like caused by insufficient surface treatment are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel surrounding rock treatment trolley technology, and more specifically, to a multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley. Background Technology

[0002] A search revealed a multi-functional tunnel construction trolley and construction method disclosed in publication number CN113898365A. The trolley body includes several telescopic robotic arms, which are capable of pitching and sliding relative to the trolley body. The trolley body is equipped with a rock drilling device, a crushing device, a gripper device, and a shotcrete device, which are respectively or in combination mounted on the robotic arms. The purpose is to simultaneously meet the needs of multiple processes in tunnel construction by mounting a rock drilling device, a crushing device, a gripper device, and a shotcrete device on a single engineering trolley, saving time spent on the trolley's entry and exit from the tunnel and shortening the construction process.

[0003] The aforementioned patents still have shortcomings in practical application. Existing trolleys are typically only used for concrete spraying operations on tunnel surrounding rock. However, before spraying, the surrounding rock surface needs to undergo necessary pretreatment. This pretreatment mainly includes smoothing the flatness of the surrounding rock and removing or breaking up locally protruding or large-sized rock fragments to ensure good adhesion and uniform coverage between the sprayed layer and the surrounding rock. Although some trolleys have integrated pretreatment devices, they mostly use simple mechanical hammering or low-frequency vibration methods, which not only have limited effectiveness but also insufficient vibration frequency, making it difficult to efficiently and uniformly complete the fine treatment of the surrounding rock surface, thus affecting the subsequent spraying quality and construction efficiency.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention discloses a multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problem mentioned in the background art that although the trolley is mainly used for concrete spraying in tunnel surrounding rock, the surrounding rock needs to be pretreated before spraying—including smoothing the flatness and removing large protruding rocks to ensure the bonding quality of the sprayed layer. Even if some trolleys are equipped with pretreatment devices, they mostly use a single tapping or low-frequency vibration method, which makes it difficult to achieve efficient and uniform surface treatment, this invention provides a multifunctional trolley for tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying. It includes a trolley body, a spraying device and a vibrating part on the trolley body. The vibrating part includes a working box and a control arm. The working box is set on the control arm and a drive motor is set on the working box. A limit component is slidably set on the top of the working box. A vibrating roller is set on the limit component. A drive shaft connected to the output shaft of the drive motor is rotatably set inside the working box. A crankshaft assembly for driving the vibrating roller is set on the drive shaft. During vibration, the vibrating roller needs to reset to facilitate the next impact on the surrounding rock wall. However, the traditional method of directly driving the vibrating roller through the crankshaft for extrusion vibration severely affects the life of the crankshaft. This is because a hard connection between the crankshaft and the vibrating roller is equivalent to a hard contact between the vibrating roller and the rock wall during impact, and it requires driving a large vibrating roller to swing back and forth, which greatly increases the load on the crankshaft. As a further improvement to this technical solution, a movable groove is provided at the center of the top of the work box. The limiting component includes a U-shaped support plate disposed inside the work box, with support arms elastically telescopically mounted at both ends of the U-shaped support plate. The vibrating roller is rotatably disposed between the two support arms. Furthermore, sliding grooves are provided at both ends of the U-shaped support plate, and return springs are disposed within the sliding grooves. The support arms are slidably connected to the sliding grooves via the return springs. A base plate is fixedly connected between the two support arms, and the base plate is slidably connected to the movable groove via the support arms.

[0006] Based on this, even if there is a structure similar to a return spring to control the vibrating roller to return to its original position and prevent the crankshaft from directly controlling the vibrating roller to reciprocate and impact the rock wall, the crankshaft will still indirectly generate a certain amount of hard contact with the rock wall when it hits the vibrating roller while controlling the movement of the vibrating roller. As a further improvement to this technical solution, the crankshaft assembly includes several sets of reciprocating components disposed on the drive shaft, with equal included angles between adjacent reciprocating components, and the sum of the included angles between adjacent reciprocating components being 360°; secondly, the drive shaft is evenly divided into several segments, with clearance openings formed between each segment, and the reciprocating components are disposed within the corresponding clearance openings; specifically, the reciprocating component includes a connecting shaft fixedly connected within the clearance opening, the connecting shaft being located at an eccentric position on the drive shaft, a drive arm being rotatably connected to the connecting shaft, a push rod being rotatably connected to the other end of the drive arm, the push rod being slidably connected to a U-shaped support plate, and the end of the push rod away from the drive arm being connected to the base plate.

[0007] Secondly, a buffer spring is provided on the top rod, and the top rod is connected to the base plate through the buffer spring; Furthermore, the included angles formed between the plurality of connecting shafts are equal, and the sum of the included angles formed between the plurality of connecting shafts is 360°; It should be noted that the elastic force of the return spring is much greater than that of the buffer spring, and when the top rod reaches the lowest point of its stroke, the bottom plate reaches the top of the U-shaped support plate. When the push rod reaches the highest point of its stroke, the buffer spring is in a compressed state; When the push rod reaches the lowest point of its stroke, the buffer spring is in a stretched state.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In this multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley, a high-frequency vibration pretreatment mechanism consisting of a drive motor, crankshaft assembly, and vibrating roller is integrated on the trolley. Multiple sets of eccentrically arranged reciprocating drive components are used, enabling the drive shaft to drive the vibrating roller to complete multiple high-frequency, small-amplitude impact actions with each rotation of the drive shaft. This operating mode significantly improves the crushing efficiency and smoothing effect of large protruding rocks on the surrounding rock surface, effectively solving the problem that existing trolleys relying solely on low-frequency vibration or single impact cannot achieve uniform pretreatment. This provides a good base surface for subsequent concrete spraying, improving the bonding strength and construction quality of the sprayed layer.

[0009] 2. In this multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley, the vibrating roller is rotatably mounted on an elastic support arm, and a return spring is set between the support arm and the working box. This allows the vibrating roller to automatically return to its original position after one impact, avoiding the situation where the crankshaft directly bears the reverse impact load in the traditional hard connection structure. This design significantly reduces the mechanical stress and fatigue damage of the transmission components, extends the service life of the core moving parts, and ensures the continuity and stability of the vibration action.

[0010] 3. In this multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley, by adding a buffer spring between the drive top rod and the vibrating roller support base plate, and reasonably matching its stiffness with the elasticity of the return spring, the impact process is divided into two stages: buffer compression and effective impact. This mechanism not only weakens the instantaneous hard collision between the top rod and the base plate, but also further isolates the indirect rigid contact between the vibration system and the surrounding rock wall, which improves the stability of equipment operation and enhances the energy transmission efficiency of high-frequency vibration, taking into account both work efficiency and structural reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration part of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the working box of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working box of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drive shaft of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the connecting shaft of the present invention.

[0012] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Cart body; 2. Shotcrete device; 3. Control arm; 4. Work box; 5. Drive motor; 6. Movable groove; 7. Limiting assembly; 8. Vibrating roller; 9. Drive shaft; 10. Crankshaft assembly; 11. Buffer spring; 12. Clearance opening; 71. U-shaped support plate; 72. Slide groove; 73. Return spring; 74. Support arm; 75. Base plate; 101. Top rod; 102. Drive arm; 103. Connecting shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] While existing trolleys are mainly used for shotcreting of surrounding rock concrete in tunnels, the surrounding rock needs to be pretreated before shotcreting—including smoothing the flatness and removing large protruding rocks to ensure the bonding quality of the sprayed layer. Even if some trolleys are equipped with pretreatment devices, they mostly use a single tapping or low-frequency vibration method, which makes it difficult to achieve efficient and uniform surface treatment.

[0015] Therefore, this invention provides a multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley, see [link to trolley]. Figures 1-3 As shown, it includes a trolley body 1, a shotcrete device 2 and a vibrating part on the trolley body 1, the vibrating part includes a working box 4, the vibrating part also includes a control arm 3, the working box 4 is mounted on the control arm 3, a drive motor 5 is mounted on the working box 4, a limit assembly 7 is slidably mounted on the top of the working box 4, a vibrating roller 8 is mounted on the limit assembly 7, a drive shaft 9 connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 5 is rotatably mounted inside the working box 4, and a crankshaft assembly 10 is mounted on the drive shaft 9 to drive the vibrating roller 8 to vibrate.

[0016] During operation, after the trolley body 1 enters the tunnel, it begins to process the tunnel surrounding rock wall. The control arm 3 moves the work box 4 to a position where the vibrating roller 8 can fit against the tunnel surrounding rock wall. The drive motor 5 is then started to operate. During operation, the drive motor 5 drives the drive shaft 9 to rotate. The rotation of the drive shaft 9 drives the crankshaft assembly 10 to reciprocate. The crankshaft assembly 10 is composed of multiple sets of reciprocating parts and can form a cross shaft. One rotation of the drive shaft 9 can cause the vibrating roller 8 to vibrate several times, thereby squeezing and rolling the tunnel surrounding rock wall while simultaneously vibrating it at high frequency.

[0017] For details, see Figures 4-6 As shown, a movable groove 6 is provided at the center of the top of the work box 4. The limiting component 7 includes a U-shaped support plate 71 disposed inside the work box 4. Support arms 74 are elastically telescopically disposed at both ends of the U-shaped support plate 71, and the vibrating roller 8 is rotatably disposed between the two support arms 74. Furthermore, sliding grooves 72 are provided at both ends of the U-shaped support plate 71, and return springs 73 are disposed within the sliding grooves 72. The support arms 74 are slidably connected to the sliding grooves 72 through the return springs 73. A base plate 75 is fixedly connected between the two support arms 74, and the base plate 75 is slidably connected to the movable groove 6 through the support arms 74.

[0018] During operation, the vibrating roller 8 needs to reset during vibration to facilitate the next impact on the surrounding rock wall. However, the traditional method of directly driving the vibrating roller 8 through the crankshaft for compression vibration severely affects the crankshaft's lifespan. This is because a hard connection between the crankshaft and the vibrating roller 8 is equivalent to a hard contact between the vibrating roller 8 and the rock wall during impact, and the large vibrating roller 8 needs to be driven to swing back and forth, which greatly increases the load on the crankshaft. Therefore, this invention uses a method where the vibrating roller 8 is rotatably connected to the support arm 74, and the support arm 74 is slidably connected to the slide groove 72 through the reset spring 73. The U-shaped support plate 71 is fixed in the working box 4. Therefore, after the vibrating roller 8 is driven to impact the rock wall, the reset spring 73 controls the vibrating roller 8 to reset, facilitating its next driving impact.

[0019] Further, see Figures 4-7 As shown, the crankshaft assembly 10 includes several sets of reciprocating parts disposed on the drive shaft 9. The included angles formed between adjacent reciprocating parts are equal, and the sum of the included angles formed between adjacent reciprocating parts is 360°. The drive shaft 9 is evenly divided into several segments, and a clearance opening 12 is formed between each segment. The reciprocating parts are disposed in the corresponding clearance opening 12. Specifically, the reciprocating parts include a connecting shaft 103 fixedly connected in the clearance opening 12. The connecting shaft 103 is located at an eccentric position on the drive shaft 9. A drive arm 102 is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 103. A push rod 101 is rotatably connected to the other end of the drive arm 102. The push rod 101 is slidably connected to the U-shaped support plate 71. The end of the push rod 101 away from the drive arm 102 is connected to the base plate 75. Secondly, a buffer spring 11 is provided on the top rod 101, and the top rod 101 is connected to the base plate 75 through the buffer spring 11; Furthermore, the included angles formed between the several connecting shafts 103 are equal, and the sum of the included angles formed between the several connecting shafts 103 is 360°; It should be noted that the elastic force of the return spring 73 is much greater than that of the buffer spring 11, and when the push rod 101 reaches the lowest point of its stroke, the base plate 75 reaches the top of the U-shaped support plate 71. When the push rod 101 reaches the highest point of its stroke, the buffer spring 11 is in a compressed state; When the push rod 101 reaches the lowest point of its stroke, the buffer spring 11 is in a stretched state.

[0020] During operation, even with a structure similar to a return spring 73 to control the reciprocating motion of the vibrating roller 8 and prevent the crankshaft from directly impacting the rock wall, the crankshaft, while controlling the movement of the vibrating roller 8, will still indirectly generate some hard contact with the rock wall when it collides with the vibrating roller 8. This invention adds a buffer spring 11 between the base plate 75 and the push rod 101. When the push rod 101 drives the vibrating roller 8 to impact the rock wall via the base plate 75, the push rod 101 first compresses the buffer spring 11 until it is gradually compressed to near its limit, and then the base plate 75 drives the vibrating roller 8 to impact the rock wall. In other words, when the top rod 101 rapidly impacts the base plate 75, it is first buffered by the buffer spring 11. Only when the buffer spring 11 approaches its limit position can the base plate 75 drive the vibrating roller 8 to impact the rock wall. Therefore, this vibration is fast, small in amplitude, and high in frequency. It can also buffer the hard contact between the top rod 101 and the base plate 75, as well as the indirect contact between the top rod 101 and the rock wall through the buffer spring 11. Secondly, when the stroke of the top rod 101 begins to move downward, the buffer spring 11 returns to its initial state and gradually becomes stretched, which can further increase the buffering force when the other top rods 101 drive the base plate 75 and the vibrating roller 8 to impact the rock wall.

[0021] Specifically, through Figure 7 It can be seen that each connecting shaft 103 is located at an eccentric position on the drive shaft 9, and the included angle between any two adjacent connecting shafts 103 is equal, such as... Figure 7 As can be seen, this invention uses four connecting shafts 103 as an example, which is equivalent to an included angle of 90° between each connecting shaft 103. Figure 6As can be seen, when the third connecting shaft 103 reaches the top of its stroke from right to left, which corresponds to the top rod 101 reaching the top of its stroke, the top rod 101 drives the vibrating roller 8 to vibrate once through the base plate 75. Then the third shaft continues to rotate, thus returning to its starting position. Then the second connecting shaft 103 from right to left reaches the top of its stroke, and so on. In this way, the drive shaft 9 rotates once, which drives the vibrating roller 8 to vibrate a certain number of times through several sets of reciprocating parts. At the same time, the return spring 73 resets the shaft, and the shaft vibrates again. During the drive process, the buffer spring 11 prevents hard contact between the top rod 101 and the base plate 75, as well as indirect hard contact with the rock wall, thereby improving the service life of the equipment.

[0022] In summary, this effectively solves the problem that while existing trolleys are mainly used for shotcreting concrete in tunnel surrounding rock, the surrounding rock needs to be pre-treated before shotcreting—including smoothing the flatness and removing large protruding rocks to ensure the bonding quality of the sprayed layer. Even if some trolleys are equipped with pre-treatment devices, they mostly use a single tapping or low-frequency vibration method, which makes it difficult to achieve efficient and uniform surface treatment.

[0023] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0024] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley, comprising a vibration part, characterized in that: The vibration unit includes a working box (4), a drive motor (5) is provided on the working box (4), a limit assembly (7) is slidably provided on the top of the working box (4), a vibration roller (8) is provided on the limit assembly (7), a drive shaft (9) connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (5) is rotatably provided inside the working box (4), and a crankshaft assembly (10) for driving the vibration roller (8) to vibrate is provided on the drive shaft (9). The limiting component (7) includes a U-shaped support plate (71) set in the work box (4), and support arms (74) are elastically telescopically set at both ends of the U-shaped support plate (71). The vibrating roller (8) is rotatably set between the two support arms (74). The crankshaft assembly (10) includes several sets of reciprocating parts disposed on the drive shaft (9), the included angles formed between adjacent reciprocating parts are equal, and the sum of the included angles formed between adjacent reciprocating parts is 360°.

2. The multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a trolley body (1), on which a shotcrete device (2) is provided, and the vibration part is provided on the trolley body (1). The vibration part also includes a control arm (3), and the work box (4) is provided on the control arm (3).

3. The multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: The work box (4) has a movable slot (6) at the center of its top.

4. The multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley according to claim 3, characterized in that: The U-shaped support plate (71) has grooves (72) at both ends, and a return spring (73) is provided in the groove (72). The support arm (74) is slidably connected in the groove (72) through the return spring (73), and a base plate (75) is fixedly connected between the two support arms (74).

5. The multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base plate (75) is slidably connected to the movable groove (6) via the support arm (74).

6. The multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drive shaft (9) is evenly divided into several segments, with clearance openings (12) formed between each segment, and the reciprocating component is disposed in the corresponding clearance opening (12).

7. The multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reciprocating component includes a connecting shaft (103) fixedly connected in the clearance opening (12). The connecting shaft (103) is located at an eccentric position of the drive shaft (9). A drive arm (102) is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft (103). A push rod (101) is rotatably connected to the other end of the drive arm (102). The push rod (101) is slidably connected to the U-shaped support plate (71). The end of the push rod (101) away from the drive arm (102) is connected to the base plate (75).

8. The multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley according to claim 7, characterized in that: A buffer spring (11) is provided on the top rod (101), and the top rod (101) is connected to the base plate (75) through the buffer spring (11).

9. The multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley according to claim 8, characterized in that: The included angles formed between the plurality of connecting shafts (103) are equal, and the sum of the included angles formed between the plurality of connecting shafts (103) is 360°.

10. The multifunctional tunnel surrounding rock surface pretreatment and concrete spraying integrated trolley according to claim 9, characterized in that: The spring force of the return spring (73) is much greater than that of the buffer spring (11), and when the top rod (101) reaches the lowest point of its stroke, the bottom plate (75) reaches the top of the U-shaped support plate (71). When the push rod (101) reaches the highest point of its stroke, the buffer spring (11) is in a compressed state; When the push rod (101) reaches the lowest point of its stroke, the buffer spring (11) is in a stretched state.

Images