Plug-in blowout wellhead crude oil collecting device and collecting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a plug-in blowout wellhead crude oil collecting device. The plug-in blowout wellhead crude oil collecting device comprises a central pipe, a connector mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder mechanism, a slip mechanism, a capsule sealing mechanism, an interference sealing mechanism and a guide mechanism. The invention further discloses a blowout wellhead crude oil collecting method. The method comprises the following steps that firstly, the matched extension pipeline, the blowout preventer device, the hydraulic valve and the collecting pipeline are selected; secondly, a central pipe, an extension pipeline, a blowout preventer device, a hydraulic valve and a collecting pipeline are fixedly connected in sequence; thirdly, the connector mechanism and the hydraulic valve are connected with the hydraulic station; (4) the device is placed at a proper position in a sleeve; fifthly, the slip mechanism is fixed in the casing pipe in a fastened mode, it is ensured that the capsule sealing mechanism and the interference sealing mechanism are both tightly sealed on the casing pipe, and then crude oil can be collected. The device is reasonable in structure, high in practicability and capable of reducing the risk that crude oil pollutes the environment and improving the efficiency of emergency operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a crude oil collection technology, specifically an insertion-type blowout wellhead crude oil collection device and collection method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most oilfields in my country primarily produce crude oil, with well sites located in tidal flats, islands, farmland, and industrial areas. These areas are often close to densely populated towns, highways, high-speed railways, and industrial facilities. In the event of a blowout, the surrounding environment is easily polluted, and the ejected crude oil severely hinders rescue operations. Currently, to minimize environmental pollution and create a suitable working surface during blowout rescue operations, it is typically necessary to use a blowout wellhead crude oil collection device to collect the ejected crude oil.

[0003] A blowout wellhead crude oil collection device is a device used to collect crude oil leaked during a blowout accident in the oil extraction process. Existing blowout wellhead crude oil collection devices usually use a reciprocating piston negative pressure pump to suck up the spilled crude oil. However, existing blowout wellhead crude oil collection devices do not have the function of sealing the wellhead, and cannot collect crude oil under the premise of sealing the wellhead. This means that existing blowout wellhead crude oil collection devices can only collect crude oil after it has been ejected and scattered into the surrounding environment. This crude oil collection method is passive, which will increase the risk of environmental pollution from ejected crude oil, and will also affect the efficiency of blowout emergency response operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings in the existing technology, this invention aims to provide an insertion-type wellhead crude oil collection device and method to reduce the environmental risk of crude oil pollution and improve the efficiency of well blowout emergency response operations.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an insertion-type blowout wellhead crude oil collection device, comprising a central pipe having a hydraulic oil circuit, a connector mechanism fixed to the upper end of the central pipe and connected to the hydraulic oil circuit, a hydraulic cylinder mechanism fixed to the central pipe and located below the connector mechanism, a slip mechanism slidably connected to the central pipe and pressing against the outside of the power output end of the hydraulic cylinder mechanism, a capsule sealing mechanism coaxially fixed to the lower end of the central pipe and capable of sealing the casing in the blowout wellhead, and a capsule sealing mechanism coaxially fixed to the lower end of the capsule sealing mechanism and capable of sealing the casing in the blowout wellhead. The casing forms a sealing interference sealing mechanism and a guide mechanism coaxially fixed at the lower end of the interference sealing mechanism. The hydraulic oil circuit is connected to the hydraulic cylinder mechanism, which can drive the slip mechanism to move towards the capsule sealing mechanism, thereby locking the slip mechanism onto the casing in the blowout wellhead. The capsule sealing mechanism has a first axial through hole connected to the cavity on the central tube. The interference sealing mechanism has a second axial through hole connected to the first axial through hole. The guide mechanism has a third axial through hole connected to the second axial through hole.

[0006] As a limitation of the present invention, the hydraulic cylinder mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder housing fixed to the outside of the central tube, a piston component slidably connected inside the hydraulic cylinder housing and slidably connected to the outside of the central tube, and a push block fixed to the end of the piston component and located outside the hydraulic cylinder housing.

[0007] As a further limitation of the present invention, the slip mechanism includes a slip body and an extrusion member that are slidably connected to the central tube from top to bottom, and the bottom of the slip body is slidably connected to the top surface of the extrusion member.

[0008] As a further definition of the present invention, the capsule sealing mechanism includes a capsule sealing mechanism body, a rectangular sealing ring fixed to the top of the capsule sealing mechanism body, and at least one capsule sealing ring fixed to the outside of the capsule sealing mechanism body and located below the rectangular sealing ring; the height of the top surface of the rectangular sealing ring is higher than the height of the top surface of the capsule sealing mechanism body, and the rectangular sealing ring is elastic so that when the extrusion member extrudes the rectangular sealing ring, the rectangular sealing ring can expand and press against the casing in the blowout wellhead to form a seal.

[0009] As another limitation of the present invention, the interference sealing mechanism includes an interference sealing mechanism body, an interference retaining ring fixed on the outer side of the lower end of the interference sealing mechanism body for scraping debris on the casing in the blowout wellhead, and at least one interference sealing ring fixed on the outer side of the interference sealing mechanism body above the interference retaining ring, wherein the interference sealing ring can form an interference connection with the casing in the blowout wellhead to achieve the interference sealing function.

[0010] As a further limitation of the present invention, the connector mechanism includes a first connector and a second connector that are fixedly disposed on the upper end of the central tube, and both the first connector and the second connector are connected to the hydraulic oil circuit.

[0011] This invention also provides a method for collecting crude oil from a blowout wellhead. This method utilizes any of the aforementioned insert-type blowout wellhead crude oil collection devices and includes the following steps: Step 1: First, determine the model and size of the wellhead casing at the site, and select the appropriate extension pipe, well sealer device, hydraulic valve, and collection pipe according to the actual site conditions; Step 2: Sequentially connect the central pipe, extension pipe, well sealer device, hydraulic valve, and collection pipe together, and connect the outlet of the collection pipe to the inlet of the existing collection pool; Step 3: Connect the connector mechanism and hydraulic valve... The devices are connected to the hydraulic station via corresponding hydraulic pipelines. Step 4: Insert the insertable blowout wellhead crude oil collection device into the casing of the blowout wellhead and place it in the required position according to the actual site conditions. Step 5: Move the power output end of the hydraulic cylinder mechanism downward until the slip mechanism is securely locked onto the inner wall of the casing in the blowout wellhead, and ensure that the capsule sealing mechanism and interference sealing mechanism are tightly sealed on the casing in the blowout wellhead. At this time, open the valves and hydraulic valves on the well sealing device to start the crude oil collection work.

[0012] By adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: (1) The present invention adopts a structure combining a central tube, a connecting head mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder mechanism, a slip mechanism, a capsule sealing mechanism, an interference sealing mechanism, and a guiding mechanism. In use, the guiding mechanism plays a guiding role, which allows the present invention to be quickly inserted into the casing in the blowout wellhead. The hydraulic cylinder mechanism can drive the slip mechanism to open and lock and fix it on the inner wall of the casing in the blowout wellhead to fix the position of the present invention. Both the capsule sealing mechanism and the interference sealing mechanism can form multiple seals on the inner wall of the casing, making the sealing effect safer and more reliable. The crude oil in the blowout wellhead can be collected to a designated location through the internal channel of the present invention. This allows the present invention to collect crude oil under the premise of sealing the wellhead. Once a blowout occurs, the present invention does not need to wait for a large amount of crude oil to be ejected before processing. This makes the present invention more efficient in collecting crude oil, and can create a suitable working face for emergency rescue more quickly. It can effectively reduce the risk of crude oil pollution to the environment and improve the efficiency of emergency rescue operations.

[0013] (2) The hydraulic cylinder mechanism in this invention has a compact and reasonable structure. The hydraulic cylinder mechanism and the slip mechanism work together to lock and fix the invention to the inner wall of the casing in the blowout wellhead. Specifically, the piston component in the hydraulic cylinder mechanism can move the push block towards the capsule sealing mechanism. The corresponding push block can push the slip mechanism to open and lock and fix it to the inner wall of the casing in the blowout wellhead.

[0014] (3) The present invention has a multi-seal structure with good sealing effect. When using the present invention, after the slip mechanism is locked and fixed on the inner wall of the casing in the blowout wellhead, the extrusion member in the slip mechanism extrudes the rectangular sealing ring in the capsule sealing mechanism, which can cause the rectangular sealing ring to expand outward and be tightly pressed on the inner wall of the casing to form a seal. At least one capsule sealing ring in the capsule sealing mechanism can form at least one seal, and at least one interference sealing ring in the interference sealing mechanism can form at least one seal. The multi-seal structure in the present invention can effectively prevent the leakage of blowout crude oil.

[0015] (4) The interference sealing mechanism of this invention is provided with an interference retaining ring, which is relatively hard and can scrape off debris from the inner wall of the casing. After a blowout, the ejected crude oil is often accompanied by many rock particles, and rock particles and other debris will adhere to the inner wall of the casing. During the insertion process into the casing, the interference retaining ring of this invention can scrape off the debris from the inner wall of the casing in advance, which can prevent the debris from damaging the capsule seal ring and the interference seal ring, and can effectively improve the service life and practicality of this invention.

[0016] In summary, this invention has a reasonable structure, is easy to use, and is highly practical. Once a blowout occurs, this invention allows for the collection of crude oil while keeping the wellhead sealed. This makes the crude oil collection more efficient, enabling the creation of a suitable working face for emergency response more quickly, effectively reducing the risk of environmental pollution from crude oil and improving the efficiency of emergency response operations. This invention is suitable for use in collecting crude oil during oil well blowouts. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the central tube in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the push block in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the capsule sealing mechanism body in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interference sealing mechanism body in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the guiding mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the usage state of an embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Central tube; 100. Central tube body; 101. Hydraulic oil circuit; 2. Connecting head mechanism; 3. Hydraulic cylinder housing; 4. Piston assembly; 5. Upper retaining ring; 6. Lower retaining ring; 7. Push block; 70. Connecting block; 71. Conical component; 8. The slip body; 9. The extrusion component; 10. Capsule sealing mechanism body; 1000. First axial through hole; 11. Rectangular sealing ring; 12. Capsule sealing ring; 13. Interference sealing mechanism body; 130. Second axial through hole; 14. Interference retainer ring; 15. Interference seal ring; 16. Guiding mechanism; 160. Third axial through hole; 17. Casing; 18. Extension pipe; 19. Well sealing device; 20. Hydraulic valve. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustrative and understanding purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0020] Example 1: An insert-type blowout wellhead crude oil collection device like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment 1 includes a central pipe 1 with a hydraulic oil circuit 101, a connector mechanism 2 fixed to the upper end of the central pipe 1 and connected to the hydraulic oil circuit 101, a hydraulic cylinder mechanism fixed to the central pipe 1 and located below the connector mechanism 2, a slip mechanism slidably connected to the central pipe 1 and pressing against the outside of the power output end of the hydraulic cylinder mechanism, a capsule sealing mechanism coaxially fixed to the lower end of the central pipe 1 and capable of sealing the casing 17 in the blowout wellhead, an interference sealing mechanism coaxially fixed to the lower end of the capsule sealing mechanism and capable of sealing the casing 17 in the blowout wellhead, and a guide mechanism 16 coaxially fixed to the lower end of the interference sealing mechanism. The hydraulic oil circuit 101 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder mechanism, and the hydraulic cylinder mechanism can drive the slip mechanism to move towards the capsule sealing mechanism, thereby locking the slip mechanism onto the casing 17 in the blowout wellhead. It should be noted that this embodiment 1 requires the use of existing extension pipes 18, well sealing devices 19, hydraulic valves 20, hydraulic stations, collection pipes, and collection pools.

[0021] like Figure 2As shown, the central tube 1 includes a central tube body 100. The upper end of the central tube body 100 is provided with a thread for threaded connection with the emergency rescue device, and the lower end of the central tube body 100 is provided with a thread for threaded connection with the capsule sealing mechanism. The central tube body 100 is provided with a hydraulic oil circuit 101 for supplying oil to the hydraulic cylinder mechanism so that the hydraulic cylinder mechanism can work normally.

[0022] The connector mechanism 2 includes a first connector and a second connector that are fixedly mounted on the upper end of the central tube 1. Both the first connector and the second connector are connected to the hydraulic oil circuit 101.

[0023] The hydraulic cylinder mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder housing 3 fixed to the outside of the central tube 1, a piston component 4 slidably connected inside the hydraulic cylinder housing 3 and slidably connected to the outside of the central tube 1, and a push block 7 fixed to the end of the piston component 4 and located outside the hydraulic cylinder housing 3. Figure 3 As shown, the push block 7 includes a connecting block 70 fixed to the end of the piston component 4 and a tapered component 71 fixed to the end of the connecting block 70. The hydraulic cylinder housing 3 is sealed to the central tube 1 by an O-ring, the piston component 4 is sealed to the hydraulic cylinder housing 3 by an upper retaining ring 5 and a lower retaining ring 6, and the piston component 4 is sealed to the central tube 1 by two upper retaining rings 5 ​​and a lower retaining ring 6. The hydraulic oil circuit 101 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder mechanism, which allows the push block 7 to move towards the capsule sealing mechanism and also away from the capsule sealing mechanism.

[0024] The slip mechanism includes a slip body 8 and a pressing member 9, which are slidably connected to the central tube 1 from top to bottom. The bottom of the slip body 8 is slidably connected to the top surface of the pressing member 9. The upper slope surface of the slip body 8 is tightly fitted to the outer side of the lower slope surface of the conical member 71 in the push block 7. The pressing member 9 is a trapezoidal pressure plate member. The side of the pressing member 9 closest to the central tube 1 is slidably connected to the central tube 1 via a slide rail. The lower slope surface of the slip body 8 and the upper slope surface of the pressing member 9 are slidably connected together via a slide rail.

[0025] The capsule sealing mechanism includes a capsule sealing mechanism body 10, a rectangular sealing ring 11 fixed to the top of the capsule sealing mechanism body 10, and at least one capsule sealing ring 12 fixed to the outside of the capsule sealing mechanism body 10 and located below the rectangular sealing ring 11, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the capsule sealing mechanism body 10 has a first axial through hole 1000 that communicates with the cavity on the central tube 1. The height of the top surface of the rectangular sealing ring 11 is higher than the height of the top surface of the capsule sealing mechanism body 10, and the rectangular sealing ring 11 is elastic so that when the extrusion member 9 extrudes the rectangular sealing ring 11, the rectangular sealing ring 11 can expand and press against the casing 17 in the blowout wellhead to form a seal.

[0026] The interference sealing mechanism includes an interference sealing mechanism body 13, an interference retaining ring 14 fixed to the outer side of the lower end of the interference sealing mechanism body 13 for scraping debris from the casing 17 in the blowout wellhead, and at least one interference sealing ring 15 fixed to the outer side of the interference sealing mechanism body 13 and located above the interference retaining ring 14. Figure 5 As shown, the interference sealing mechanism body 13 has a second axial through hole 130 communicating with the first axial through hole 1000. The interference sealing ring 15 can form an interference connection with the casing 17 in the blowout wellhead to achieve an interference seal. The guide mechanism 16 is a bullet-shaped component, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the guide mechanism 16 has a third axial through hole 160 that is connected to the second axial through hole 130.

[0027] Example 2: A method for collecting crude oil at the wellhead after a blowout This embodiment 2 provides a method for collecting crude oil at the wellhead after a blowout, such as... Figure 7 As shown, it is based on an insertion-type blowout wellhead crude oil collection device provided in Embodiment 1, and includes the following steps: Step 1: First, determine the model and size of the wellhead casing 17 on site, and select the matching extension pipe 18, well sealing device 19, hydraulic valve 20, and collection pipe according to the actual site conditions; Step 2: Connect the central pipe 1, extension pipe 18, well sealing device 19, hydraulic valve 20, and collection pipe together in sequence, and connect the outlet of the collection pipe to the inlet of the existing collection pool. Step 3: Connect the connector mechanism 2 and the hydraulic valve 20 to the hydraulic station through the corresponding hydraulic pipes in the hydraulic station, and ensure that the hydraulic station can normally control the hydraulic cylinder mechanism and the hydraulic valve 20 to work normally. Step 4: Insert the aforementioned insertable blowout wellhead crude oil collection device into the casing 17 in the blowout wellhead and place it in the required position according to the actual site conditions; Step 5: Move the power output end of the hydraulic cylinder mechanism downwards until the slip mechanism is securely locked onto the inner wall of the casing 17 in the blowout wellhead, and ensure that the capsule sealing mechanism and the interference sealing mechanism are tightly sealed on the casing 17 in the blowout wellhead. At this time, open the valves on the well sealing device 19 and the hydraulic valve 20 to start the crude oil collection work.

[0028] It should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An insert-type blowout wellhead crude oil collection device, characterized in that: The device includes a central pipe with a hydraulic circuit, a connector mechanism fixed to the upper end of the central pipe and connected to the hydraulic circuit, a hydraulic cylinder mechanism fixed to the central pipe and located below the connector mechanism, a slip mechanism slidably connected to the central pipe and pressing against the outside of the power output end of the hydraulic cylinder mechanism, a capsule sealing mechanism coaxially fixed to the lower end of the central pipe to seal the casing in the blowout wellhead, an interference seal mechanism coaxially fixed to the lower end of the capsule sealing mechanism to seal the casing in the blowout wellhead, and a guide mechanism coaxially fixed to the lower end of the interference seal mechanism. The hydraulic circuit is connected to the hydraulic cylinder mechanism, and the hydraulic cylinder mechanism can drive the slip mechanism to move towards the capsule sealing mechanism, thereby locking the slip mechanism onto the casing in the blowout wellhead. The capsule sealing mechanism has a first axial through hole connected to the cavity in the central pipe, the interference seal mechanism has a second axial through hole connected to the first axial through hole, and the guide mechanism has a third axial through hole connected to the second axial through hole.

2. The insertion-type blowout wellhead crude oil collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinder mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder housing fixed to the outside of the central tube, a piston component slidably connected inside the hydraulic cylinder housing and slidably connected to the outside of the central tube, and a push block fixed to the end of the piston component and located outside the hydraulic cylinder housing.

3. The insertion-type blowout wellhead crude oil collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slip mechanism includes a slip body and an extrusion component that are slidably connected to the central tube from top to bottom, with the bottom of the slip body slidably connected to the top surface of the extrusion component.

4. The insertion-type blowout wellhead crude oil collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The capsule sealing mechanism includes a capsule sealing mechanism body, a rectangular sealing ring fixed to the top of the capsule sealing mechanism body, and at least one capsule sealing ring fixed to the outside of the capsule sealing mechanism body below the rectangular sealing ring; the height of the top surface of the rectangular sealing ring is higher than the height of the top surface of the capsule sealing mechanism body, and the rectangular sealing ring is elastic so that when the extrusion member extrudes the rectangular sealing ring, the rectangular sealing ring can expand and press against the casing in the blowout wellhead to form a seal.

5. An insert-type blowout wellhead crude oil collection device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The interference sealing mechanism includes an interference sealing mechanism body, an interference retaining ring fixed on the outer side of the lower end of the interference sealing mechanism body for scraping debris on the casing in the blowout wellhead, and at least one interference sealing ring fixed on the outer side of the interference sealing mechanism body above the interference retaining ring, wherein the interference sealing ring can form an interference connection with the casing in the blowout wellhead to achieve the interference sealing function.

6. The insertion-type blowout wellhead crude oil collection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connector mechanism includes a first connector and a second connector that are fixedly mounted on the upper end of the central tube. Both the first connector and the second connector are connected to the hydraulic oil circuit.

7. A method for collecting crude oil at the wellhead after a blowout, characterized in that: The application of an insertable blowout wellhead crude oil collection device according to any one of claims 1-6 includes the following steps: Step 1: First, determine the model and size of the wellhead casing on site, and select the matching extension pipe, well sealing device, hydraulic valve, and collection pipe according to the actual site conditions; Step 2: Connect the central pipe, extension pipe, well sealer, hydraulic valve, and collection pipe together in sequence, and connect the outlet of the collection pipe to the inlet of the existing collection pool. Step 3: Connect the connector mechanism and the hydraulic valve to the hydraulic station through the corresponding hydraulic pipes in the hydraulic station; Step 4: Insert the aforementioned insertable blowout wellhead crude oil collection device into the casing of the blowout wellhead and place it in the required position according to the actual site conditions; Step 5: Move the power output end of the hydraulic cylinder mechanism downwards until the slip mechanism is securely locked onto the inner wall of the casing in the blowout wellhead, and ensure that the capsule sealing mechanism and interference sealing mechanism are tightly sealed on the casing in the blowout wellhead. At this point, open the valves and hydraulic valves on the well sealing device to start the crude oil collection work.

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