A peanut drying machine and drying method based on microwave and hot air cooperation

Abstract

The application provides a peanut drying machine and drying method based on microwave and hot air cooperation, wherein the drying machine comprises a drying main cabin, a multifunctional treatment cabin is connected to one side of the drying main cabin, and a driving device drives a material bucket to revolve around a hot air duct and revolve around a central axis of the material bucket. The material bucket is exchanged between the drying main cabin and the multifunctional treatment cabin through a transfer track, a plurality of microwave devices are arranged in the circumference of the shell of the drying main cabin, the microwave devices are used for emitting microwaves to dry the peanuts in the material bucket, and the outer part of the multifunctional treatment cabin is respectively connected with a feeding device and a discharging device. The application seamlessly integrates three key processes of preheating, drying and tempering in one equipment, realizes automatic switching through physical rotation, forms a complete closed-loop processing chain, greatly simplifies the production line and reduces the material turnover loss. Through the uniform temperature in the preheating stage and the slow recovery in the tempering stage, the color, flavor and nutritional ingredients of the peanuts can be better maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural mechanization engineering technology, specifically to a peanut dryer and drying method based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air. Background Technology

[0002] Peanuts are an important economic crop and oilseed crop in my country. Drying is a key process to ensure peanut quality, prevent mold, and extend shelf life. Currently, peanut drying mainly adopts the following methods: First, traditional natural sun-drying, which is low-cost but greatly affected by weather, requires a large area, has a long drying cycle, is susceptible to dust and microbial contamination, and is labor-intensive; Second, hot air drying chambers / rooms, where the drying temperature is generally controlled at 40-60℃, removes moisture through hot air convection. This method is technically mature, but has disadvantages such as low heat transfer efficiency, uneven drying (overly dry outer layer, wet core), high energy consumption, and long drying time. High temperatures can also easily cause peanut protein denaturation and oil oxidation, affecting quality; Third, microwave drying, which uses microwaves to penetrate the material, causing internal water molecules to polarize and generate heat through friction. It has the advantages of heating from the inside out, high speed, and selective heating (stronger heating in areas with more moisture). However, microwave drying alone can easily cause local overheating (hot spot effect), leading to scorched peanuts, reduced quality, and high equipment investment and operating costs.

[0003] After peanuts are dried, their internal moisture and temperature distribution is often uneven. Direct cooling can lead to "wet core" or stress cracks, affecting storage and subsequent processing quality. In traditional processes, drying and tempering (allowing internal moisture to migrate outwards and become more even) are usually carried out in steps or at different times within the same equipment, resulting in low efficiency and inability to produce continuously. While existing continuous drying equipment (such as tunnel and drum dryers) achieves continuous feeding and discharging, the material experiences a single, constant-parameter drying environment, failing to provide differentiated treatment for the optimal needs of materials at different moisture content stages. For example, a mild tempering environment is needed in the later stages of drying to prevent surface hardening, but traditional equipment struggles to achieve rapid switching between drying and tempering on the same production line.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a peanut dryer that can seamlessly integrate the three key processes of preheating, drying and conditioning into one machine, achieve automatic switching through physical rotation, form a complete closed-loop processing chain, greatly simplify the production line and reduce material turnover losses. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a peanut dryer and drying method based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air. The dryer can seamlessly integrate the three key processes of preheating, drying and conditioning into one device, and achieve automatic switching through physical rotation, forming a complete closed-loop processing chain, which greatly simplifies the production line and reduces material turnover losses.

[0006] A peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air includes a main drying chamber, a multi-functional processing chamber connected to one side of the main drying chamber, a first support frame inside the main drying chamber, and a second support frame inside the multi-functional processing chamber. A hot air duct runs through the first and second support frames. Multiple material bins are placed on both the first and second support frames. A driving device is connected to the side of each support frame, and the driving device drives the material bins to revolve around the hot air duct and rotate around their own central axis. A transfer track is provided between the main drying chamber and the multi-functional processing chamber, through which the material bins are exchanged. Several microwave devices are arranged circumferentially on the outer shell of the main drying chamber, and these microwave devices emit microwaves to dry the peanuts in the material bins. A feeding device and a discharging device are connected to the outside of the multi-functional processing chamber.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microwave device includes a microwave chamber and a microwave transmitter. The microwave transmitter is installed on the side of the microwave chamber away from the outer shell of the main drying chamber. A first hatch is provided on the side of the microwave chamber close to the outer shell of the main drying chamber, and the first hatch communicates with the interior of the main drying chamber. Mounting racks are respectively provided on both sides of the microwave chamber.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a microwave reflecting structure is provided on the inner side of the drying main chamber. The microwave reflecting structure is an arc surface and is used to reflect microwaves to various corners inside the drying main chamber.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first support frame includes a first rotating frame, the center of which is sleeved on the hot air duct; the drive device is connected to the side of the first rotating frame away from the multifunctional processing chamber, and multiple material supports are connected to the side of the first rotating frame close to the multifunctional processing chamber, with the material barrel placed on the material supports; an external friction gear is provided on the outer wall of the material support, and an internal friction gear is provided on the inner wall of the drying main chamber close to the external friction gear, with the external friction gear and the internal friction gear meshing with each other.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side wall of the material barrel is provided with a door, and the outer shell of the multi-functional processing chamber is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet; when the material barrel in the multi-functional processing chamber rotates to the feed position, the door opens and is aligned with the feed inlet; when the material barrel in the multi-functional processing chamber rotates to the discharge position, the door opens and is aligned with the discharge outlet.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the peanut dryer further includes a hot air device, which includes a multi-functional heater and an airflow diversion valve. The first end of the airflow diversion valve is connected to the multi-functional heater. The second end of the airflow diversion valve is connected to a first air inlet pipe, and the end of the first air inlet pipe away from the airflow diversion valve is connected to the end of the hot air duct closer to the drying main chamber. The third end of the airflow diversion valve is connected to a second air inlet pipe, and the end of the second air inlet pipe away from the airflow diversion valve is connected to the end of the hot air duct closer to the multi-functional processing chamber.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the peanut dryer further includes a waste heat recovery device, wherein the waste heat recovery device is internally provided with heat pipes and a partition, and the heat pipes are distributed along the height direction; a first port and a second port are opened on the first side of the waste heat recovery device, the first port is connected to a blower, and the second port is connected to an exhaust pipe; a third port and a fourth port are opened on the second side of the waste heat recovery device, the third port is connected to the airflow diversion valve, and the fourth port is connected to the outside atmosphere; the third port is arranged facing and connected to the first port, and the fourth port is arranged facing and connected to the second port; the partition is located between the first port and the second port.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving device includes a transmission motor and a transmission gear. The output shaft of the motor drives the transmission gear to rotate, and the transmission gear drives the first support frame and the second support frame to rotate.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feeding device includes a screening track machine, the end of which is connected to a micro-crushing device, a material hopper is provided below the micro-crushing device, the outlet of the material hopper is connected to a conveyor, and the end of the conveyor away from the material hopper is connected to the inlet of the multi-functional processing chamber.

[0015] A peanut drying method based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air, using the peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air as described above, the method comprising: Peanuts are fed from the screening conveyor belt into the micro-shelling device, and the peanuts are micro-shelled to obtain micro-shelled peanuts. The micro-cracked peanuts are transported to the multi-functional processing chamber, where they are preheated with a first circulating hot air until the overall temperature of the micro-cracked peanuts uniformly rises to 40°C, thus obtaining preheated peanuts. The hot air temperature of the first circulating hot air is 40°C-50°C, the hot air velocity of the first circulating hot air is 0.5-1.5 m / s, and the circulation time of the first circulating hot air is 5-15 minutes. The preheated peanuts are transported to the drying main chamber and dried using a microwave device until the average moisture content of the preheated peanuts drops to 12%-15%, thus obtaining dried peanuts. The dried peanuts are transported back to the multi-functional processing chamber, where they are conditioned using a second circulating hot air to obtain conditioned peanuts. The second circulating hot air has a temperature of 45℃-55℃, a wind speed of 0.8-1.2 m / s, a relative humidity of 60%-80%, and a circulation time of 10-25 minutes. The conditioned peanuts are cooled to room temperature to obtain cooled peanuts.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air provided by this invention includes a main drying chamber, a multi-functional processing chamber connected to one side of the main drying chamber, a first support frame inside the main drying chamber, and a second support frame inside the multi-functional processing chamber. A hot air duct passes through both the first and second support frames. Multiple material buckets are placed on both the first and second support frames. A driving device is connected to the sides of both the first and second support frames to drive the material buckets to revolve around the hot air duct and rotate around their own central axis. A transfer track is provided between the main drying chamber and the multi-functional processing chamber, allowing the material buckets to be exchanged between them. Several microwave devices are arranged circumferentially on the outer shell of the main drying chamber to emit microwaves for drying the peanuts in the material buckets. A feeding device and a discharging device are connected to the exterior of the multi-functional processing chamber. After the peanuts undergo a micro-shell-breaking process using a feeding device, they are transported to a multi-functional processing chamber. Once all the material bins in the chamber are filled with peanuts, a drive unit simultaneously propels multiple material bins to revolve around a hot air duct and rotate around their own central axis. Hot air enters the multi-functional processing chamber through the duct to preheat the peanuts in the material bins. This preheated hot air is clean and circulated at a low speed, primarily to raise the initial temperature of the peanuts, reduce thermal stress, and prepare for efficient drying. After preheating, the peanuts are preheated. The preheated peanuts are then transferred for the first time via a transfer track. During this first transfer, the material bins in the main drying chamber and the multi-functional processing chamber are exchanged one-to-one via the transfer track. After all the material bins have been exchanged, the preheated peanuts move from the multi-functional processing chamber into the main drying chamber for drying. Microwaves are emitted into the main drying chamber using a microwave device, which quickly and efficiently removes most of the moisture from the preheated peanuts, resulting in dried peanuts. The dried peanuts are then transferred a second time via a transfer track. During this second transfer, the material bins in the main drying chamber and the multi-functional processing chamber are exchanged one-to-one via the transfer track. After all the material bins have been exchanged, the dried peanuts return from the main drying chamber to the multi-functional processing chamber for conditioning. Hot air re-enters the multi-functional processing chamber through hot air ducts to condition the peanuts in the material bins. This hot air is low-speed circulating high-humidity, mild hot air, primarily to balance the moisture gradient between the peanut kernel and shell, eliminate internal stress, prevent brittle shells and wet cores, and stabilize quality, thus obtaining conditioned peanuts. Finally, the conditioned peanuts are discharged through a discharge device and cooled to room temperature for easy packaging and storage. This invention seamlessly integrates the three key processes of preheating, drying, and conditioning into one device, achieving automatic switching through physical rotation, forming a complete closed-loop processing chain, greatly simplifying the production line and reducing material turnover losses.The three-stage precision process optimizes the characteristics of peanuts at different moisture levels. In particular, the uniform heating stage and the slow tempering stage can significantly reduce the cracking rate of peanuts and better preserve their color, flavor and nutrients. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first side structure of the peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drying chamber of the peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the microwave transmitter of the peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the material hopper structure of the peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second side of the waste heat recovery device of the peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the multifunctional processing chamber of the peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second side structure of the peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first side structure of the waste heat recovery device of the peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to the present invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the blower structure of the peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the drive motor of the peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air after the transfer track and belt conveyor motor are assembled. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the friction external gear of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first rotating frame of the present invention installed inside the drying main chamber; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the second rotating frame of the present invention installed inside the multi-functional processing compartment; Figure 16 This is a flowchart of the peanut drying method based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1. Microwave transmitter; 2. Microwave chamber; 3. Main drying chamber; 4. Blower; 5. Waste heat recovery device; 6. Airflow diversion valve; 7. Conveyor belt; 8. Screening track conveyor; 9. Micro-crushing frame; 10. Micro-crushing device; 11. Aluminum profile support; 12. Material hopper; 13. Conveyor; 14. Second air inlet duct; 15. Discharge port; 16. Processing chamber support; 17. Drive motor; 18. Drive gear; 19. Multifunctional processing chamber; 20. Observation port; 21. Inspection door; 22. Transfer track; 23. Multifunctional heater; 24. Friction external gear; 25. Material 26. Support frame; 27. Material bucket; 28. Microwave reflector structure; 29. ​​Hot air duct; 30. Friction internal gear; 31. Microwave emission outlet; 32. Microwave support frame; 33. Microwave shell; 34. Microwave generator end; 35. Fixed slide rail; 36. Screen hole; 37. Door; 38. Third port; 39. Heat pipe; 40. Fourth port; 41. Condensate recovery pipe; 42. Feed inlet; 43. First air inlet duct; 44. Exhaust gas pipe; 45. First port; 46. Second port; 47. Partition plate; 48. Belt conveyor motor; 49. First rotating frame; 40. Second rotating frame. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0020] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 15As shown, this embodiment provides a peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air, including a main drying chamber 3. A multi-functional processing chamber 19 is connected to one side of the main drying chamber 3. A first support frame is arranged inside the main drying chamber 3, and a second support frame is arranged inside the multi-functional processing chamber 19. A hot air duct 28 passes through the first support frame and the second support frame. Multiple material barrels 26 are placed on both the first support frame and the second support frame. A driving device is connected to the side of both the first support frame and the second support frame. The driving device is used to drive the material barrels 26 to revolve around the hot air duct 28 and rotate around their own central axis. A transfer track 22 is arranged between the main drying chamber 3 and the multi-functional processing chamber 19. The material barrels 26 are exchanged between the main drying chamber 3 and the multi-functional processing chamber 19 through the transfer track 22. Several microwave devices are arranged circumferentially on the outer shell of the main drying chamber 3. The microwave devices are used to emit microwaves to dry the peanuts in the material barrels 26. A feeding device and a discharging device are respectively connected to the outside of the multi-functional processing chamber 19.

[0021] Both the main drying chamber 3 and the multi-functional processing chamber 19 are cylindrical processing chambers, arranged adjacent to each other. The main drying chamber 3 is mainly used for core drying of peanuts, while the multi-functional processing chamber 19 is used for preheating and conditioning of peanuts. Processing chamber supports 16 are fixedly connected to the bottom of both the main drying chamber 3 and the multi-functional processing chamber 19, and the two chambers are symmetrically mounted on the supports 16. An observation chamber, also cylindrical in shape, is located between the main drying chamber 3 and the multi-functional processing chamber 19, with its two sides connected to both chambers. The observation chamber has an inspection door 21, which is an integral part of the outer shell. The inspection door 21 has an observation port 20, through which the condition inside the observation chamber can be monitored at any time.

[0022] The multi-functional processing chamber 19 has a first and a second circular hole adjacent to each other on the side near the drying main chamber 3. The first and second circular holes are the same size. The drying main chamber 3 has a third and a fourth circular hole adjacent to each other on the side near the multi-functional processing chamber 19. The third and fourth circular holes are the same size, and the first and third circular holes are aligned, as are the second and fourth circular holes. A transfer track 22 is provided between the first and third circular holes, and between the second and fourth circular holes. The transfer track 22 is located inside the observation chamber and includes a rack. Both ends of the rack are connected to gears, which mesh with each other. The gears are connected to a belt-driven motor 47. The output shaft of the belt-driven motor 47 drives the gears to rotate. The gears drive the rack to move through meshing. Through the pushing action of the gears, the rotational motion of the gears is converted into the linear motion of the rack. A fixed slide rail 34 is also provided on the side wall of the material bin 26 near the door 36. The inner side of the fixed slide rail 34 is provided with a toothed structure that meshes with a rack. When the fixed slide rail 34 of the material bin 26 engages with the transfer track 22, the transfer track 22 drives the fixed slide rail 34 to move linearly along the direction of the transfer track 22 via the rack, thereby transferring the preheated material bin 26 from the multi-functional processing chamber 19 to the drying main chamber 3, and simultaneously transferring the dried material bin 26 from the drying main chamber 3 to the multi-functional processing chamber 19. Compared with conveyor belt transportation, this invention uses the meshing of the fixed slide rail 34 and the rack to transport the material bin 26, which can enhance the stability of transporting the material bin 26 and prevent the material bin 26 filled with peanuts from tipping over.

[0023] After the peanut-filled material buckets 26 are preheated in the multi-functional processing chamber, one of the preheated material buckets 26 revolves around the hot air duct 28 until it aligns with the first circular hole of the multi-functional processing chamber 19. The drive device then propels the preheated material bucket 26 through the first circular hole into the transfer track 22. The transfer track 22 then moves the preheated material bucket 26 towards the third circular hole of the drying main chamber 3 until it enters the drying main chamber 3 through the third circular hole. Simultaneously, one of the dried material buckets 26 revolves around the hot air duct 28 until it aligns with the fourth circular hole of the drying main chamber 3. The drive device then propels the dried material bucket 26 through the fourth circular hole into another transfer track 22. This transfer track 22 then moves the dried material bucket 26 towards the second circular hole of the multi-functional processing chamber 19 until it enters the multi-functional processing chamber 19 through the second circular hole. During the simultaneous transport of preheated and dried material barrels 26 on the transfer track 22, the drive unit continues to drive the material support 25 (the empty material support 25 without the preheated material barrel 26) and the material support 25 (the empty material support 25 without the dried material barrel 26) to rotate. The preheated and dried material support 25 each rotate 60 degrees around the hot air duct 28, with opposite rotation directions. For example, when the preheated material support rotates clockwise, the dried material support rotates counterclockwise. Finally, the preheated material support rotates from a position aligned with the first circular hole of the multi-functional processing chamber 19 to a position aligned with the second circular hole of the multi-functional processing chamber 19. At this point, the dried material barrel 26, which entered the multi-functional processing chamber 19 through the second circular hole, is precisely loaded into the preheated material support. At the same time, the empty material support after drying rotates from the position aligned with the fourth circular hole of the main drying chamber 3 to the position aligned with the third circular hole of the main drying chamber 3. At this time, the preheated material barrel 26 that enters the main drying chamber 3 through the third circular hole is just loaded into the empty material support after drying, thereby realizing the simultaneous exchange of the dried material barrel 26 and the preheated material barrel 26.

[0024] The microwave device includes a microwave chamber 2 and a microwave transmitter 1. The microwave transmitter 1 is installed on the side of the microwave chamber 2 away from the outer shell of the main drying chamber 3. A first hatch is opened on the side of the microwave chamber 2 close to the outer shell of the main drying chamber 3, and the first hatch communicates with the interior of the main drying chamber 3.

[0025] The inner surface of the drying main chamber 3 is provided with a microwave reflecting structure 27, which is an arc surface. The microwave reflecting structure 27 is used to reflect microwaves to various corners inside the drying main chamber 3. The microwave reflecting structure 27 is made of a metal material, such as aluminum. When microwaves emitted by the microwave transmitter 1 irradiate the microwave reflecting structure 27, due to the large number of free electrons contained within the metal material, these free electrons move under the action of an alternating electromagnetic field, generating an induced current, thereby exciting reflected microwaves in the opposite direction to the incident direction. Because the microwave reflecting structure 27 is arc-shaped, it can reflect microwaves in all directions, thus uniformly drying the material barrels 26 distributed circumferentially inside the drying main chamber 3. The microwave reflecting structure 27 also has multiple protruding points spaced apart. Because these protruding points protrude into the interior of the drying main chamber 3 and are relatively small, localized overheating can occur at the tips of the protruding points. Since the material barrels 26 are close to these protruding points, the combination of the localized thermal effect of the protruding points and the uniform reflection of microwaves by the microwave reflecting structure 27 achieves rapid drying of the material barrels 26 inside the drying main chamber 3.

[0026] A second hatch is provided on the side of the microwave chamber 2 facing the multi-functional processing chamber 19. The second hatch communicates with the first hatch. Preferably, the opening directions of the second hatch and the first hatch are perpendicular to each other. The size of the second hatch is smaller than that of the first hatch, and the microwave transmitter 1 can be observed through the second hatch. The side of the outer shell of the microwave chamber 2 away from the drying main chamber 3 has a curved design. One end of the curved surface connects to the side of the second hatch away from the first hatch, and the other end of the curved surface connects to the outer shell of the drying main chamber 3. The width of the curved surface gradually decreases in the direction away from the second hatch. The microwave chamber 2 of the present invention adopts a curved surface and a tapered structure, similar to a gradient waveguide. This structure allows microwaves to be transmitted more smoothly from the microwave transmitter 1, through the first hatch, to the drying main chamber 3. The tapered shape of the microwave chamber 2 helps to guide microwave energy to converge or diffuse in a specific direction, i.e., inside the drying main chamber 3, so that the distribution of the microwave field is more in line with the requirements of the drying process.

[0027] The microwave transmitter 1 includes a microwave housing 32, with a microwave generating end 33 and a microwave emission outlet 30 connected to its two ends. The microwave emission outlet 30 has multiple holes arranged in a row-aligned, column-staggered layout. The opening of the microwave emission outlet 30 faces the first hatch of the microwave chamber 2, meaning the microwave generating end 33 is away from the main drying chamber 3, and the microwave emission outlet 30 is close to the main drying chamber 3. After microwaves are generated by the microwave generating end 33, the microwaves, acting as energy carriers, are emitted from the microwave emission outlet 30, pass through the first hatch of the microwave chamber 2, and enter the main drying chamber 3 to perform high-intensity drying of the peanuts. Microwave support frames 31 are also provided on both sides of the microwave housing 32. The microwave support frames 31 extend from through holes in the side wall of the microwave chamber 2, and the side wall of the microwave chamber 2 supports the microwave support frames 31, thereby installing the microwave transmitter 1 inside the microwave chamber 2. Microwave drying directly excites polar molecules (such as water molecules) inside the material to oscillate at high speed, and achieves synchronous heating from the inside out under the action of frictional heat generation, completely breaking through the bottleneck of traditional heat conduction that relies on surface heat transfer.

[0028] The first support frame includes a first rotating frame 48 and a material support 25. The center of the first rotating frame 48 is fitted onto the hot air duct 28. The drive device is connected to the side of the first rotating frame 48 away from the multi-functional processing chamber 19, and multiple material supports 25 are connected to the side of the first rotating frame 48 close to the multi-functional processing chamber 19. The material bucket 26 is placed on the material support 25. A friction external gear 24 is provided on the outer wall of the material support 25, and a friction internal gear 29 is provided on the inner wall of the drying main chamber 3 near the friction external gear 24. The friction external gear 24 and the friction internal gear 29 mesh with each other.

[0029] The driving device includes a transmission motor 17 and a transmission gear 18. The output shaft of the transmission motor 17 drives the transmission gear 18 to rotate, and the transmission gear 18 drives the first rotating frame 48 and the second rotating frame 49 to rotate.

[0030] The transmission gear 18 includes an input gear and an output gear, which mesh with each other. The input gear is mounted on the output shaft of the transmission motor 17, and the output gear is mounted at the center of the first support frame and the second support frame. The output shaft of the transmission motor 17 drives the input gear to rotate. Through meshing, the input gear transmits power to the output gear to drive the output gear to rotate, thereby driving the first rotating frame 48 and the second rotating frame 49 to rotate.

[0031] The second support frame includes a second rotating frame 49 and material supports 25. The center of the second rotating frame 49 is fitted onto the hot air duct 28. A drive device is connected to the side of the second rotating frame 49 away from the main drying chamber 3, and multiple material supports 25 are connected to the side of the second rotating frame 49 closer to the main drying chamber 3. Material barrels 26 are placed on the material supports 25. Friction external gears 24 are provided on the outer wall of the material supports 25, and friction internal gears 29 are provided on the inner wall of the multi-functional processing chamber 19 near the friction external gears 24. The friction external gears 24 and friction internal gears 29 mesh with each other, thereby driving the material barrels 26 on the material supports 25 to rotate. During the rotation of the first rotating frame 48 and the second rotating frame 49, the friction external gears 24 on the outer side of the material supports 25 on the first rotating frame 48 mesh with the friction internal gears 29 on the inner side of the main drying chamber 3 to drive the material barrels 26 inside the main drying chamber 3 to rotate. Simultaneously, the external friction gear 24 on the outer side of the material support 25 on the second rotating frame 49 meshes with the internal friction gear 29 on the inner side of the multi-functional processing chamber 19, thereby driving the material barrel 26 inside the multi-functional processing chamber 19 to rotate. Therefore, the drive unit drives the first rotating frame 48, the second rotating frame 49, and the material support 25 to rotate. During the rotation of the first rotating frame 48 and the second rotating frame 49, the outer shells of the drying main chamber 3 and the multi-functional processing chamber 19 remain fixed.

[0032] The drive unit drives the first and second support frames to rotate precisely 180 degrees intermittently. The rotation directions of the first and second support frames are opposite; that is, when the drive unit drives the first support frame to rotate clockwise, the drive unit drives the second support frame to rotate counterclockwise, and vice versa. This achieves the alignment of the material bins 26 and the simultaneous transport of different material bins 26 in opposite directions within the two compartments. After multiple intermittent rotations, the material bins 26 in the two compartments are processed in parallel. Combining feeding and discharging, after processing and transporting a batch of peanuts, the multi-functional processing compartment 19 fills the empty material bins 26 with new peanuts. At the same time, the main drying compartment 3 continues to dry the peanuts in the material bins 26 within the compartment. This ensures that the processes of the main drying compartment 3 and the multi-functional processing compartment 19 are both coordinated and have a certain degree of independence.

[0033] Material supports 25 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the first rotating frame 48 and the second rotating frame 49. A drive device rotates the first and second rotating frames 48 and 49, which in turn rotate multiple material supports 25, thereby simultaneously causing multiple material containers 26 to revolve around the hot air duct 28. At the connection point between each material support 25 and the material container 26, a pneumatic or hydraulic locking mechanism is provided to ensure that the material container 26 is strictly fixed at the corresponding workstation and smoothly disengages and closes during rotational switching. During the revolution of the material container 26 around the hot air duct 28, the meshing of the external friction gear 24 and the internal friction gear 29 causes the material support 25 to rotate around its own central axis. This revolution ensures that the material container 26 is heated evenly and facilitates the exchange of material containers 26 between the main drying chamber 3 and the multi-functional processing chamber 19. The rotation can change the position of the opening formed by the two doors 36 of the material bucket 26, so that the opening is aligned with the feed port 41 or the discharge port 15, thereby facilitating the feeding and discharging of peanuts.

[0034] The peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air provided in this embodiment includes a main drying chamber 3. A multi-functional processing chamber 19 is connected to one side of the main drying chamber 3. A first support frame is installed inside the main drying chamber 3, and a second support frame is installed inside the multi-functional processing chamber 19. A hot air duct 28 passes through the first and second support frames. Multiple material buckets 26 are placed on both the first and second support frames. A drive device is connected to the side of both the first and second support frames. The drive device is used to drive the material buckets 26 to revolve around the hot air duct 28 and rotate around their own central axis. A transfer track 22 is provided between the main drying chamber 3 and the multi-functional processing chamber 19, and the material buckets 26 are exchanged between the main drying chamber 3 and the multi-functional processing chamber 19 through the transfer track 22. Several microwave devices are arranged circumferentially on the outer shell of the main drying chamber 3. The microwave devices are used to emit microwaves to dry the peanuts in the material buckets 26. A feeding device and a discharging device are connected to the outside of the multi-functional processing chamber 19. After the peanuts undergo micro-shelling treatment via the feeding device, they are transported to the multi-functional processing chamber 19. Once all the material bins 26 in the multi-functional processing chamber 19 are filled with peanuts, the drive device simultaneously drives multiple material bins 26 to revolve around the hot air duct 28 and rotate around their own central axis. Hot air enters the multi-functional processing chamber 19 through the hot air duct 28 to preheat the peanuts in the material bins 26. At this time, the hot air is clean hot air circulating at a low speed, mainly to increase the initial temperature of the peanuts, reduce thermal stress, and prepare for efficient drying. After the hot air preheating treatment, preheated peanuts are obtained. Then, the preheated peanuts are transferred for the first time via the transfer track 22. During the first transfer, the material bins 26 in the main drying chamber 3 and the material bins 26 in the multi-functional processing chamber 19 are exchanged one-to-one via the transfer track 22. After all material containers 26 have been exchanged, the preheated peanuts enter the drying main chamber 3 from the multi-functional processing chamber 19 for drying. Microwaves are emitted into the drying main chamber 3 via a microwave device, which can quickly and efficiently remove most of the moisture inside the preheated peanuts, thus obtaining dried peanuts. Then, the dried peanuts are transferred a second time via transfer track 22. During the second transfer, the material containers 26 in the drying main chamber 3 and the material containers 26 in the multi-functional processing chamber 19 are exchanged one-to-one via transfer track 22. After all material containers 26 have been exchanged, the dried peanuts return from the drying main chamber 3 to the multi-functional processing chamber 19 for conditioning. Hot air enters the multi-functional processing chamber 19 again through hot air duct 28 to condition the peanuts in the material containers 26. At this time, the hot air is low-speed circulating high-humidity, mild hot air, mainly to balance the moisture gradient between the peanut kernel and the shell, eliminate internal stress, prevent brittle shells and wet cores, and stabilize the quality, thus obtaining conditioned peanuts. Finally, the conditioned peanuts are discharged through a discharge device and cooled to room temperature for easy packaging and storage.This invention seamlessly integrates three key processes—preheating, drying, and conditioning—into a single unit, achieving automatic switching through physical rotation. This forms a complete closed-loop processing chain, greatly simplifying the production line and reducing material turnover losses. The three-stage precision process is optimized for the characteristics of peanuts at different moisture levels, particularly the uniform heating during the preheating stage and the slow tempering during the conditioning stage, which significantly reduces the cracking rate and better preserves the peanut's color, flavor, and nutritional components.

[0035] Example 2 like Figures 1 to 15 As shown, this embodiment provides a peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air, and describes the differences between it and Embodiment 1.

[0036] A cylindrical material bin 26 has a door 36 on its side wall. The outer shell of the multi-functional processing chamber 19 has an inlet 41 and an outlet 15. The door 36 of the material bin 26 is connected to a drive motor, which controls the opening and closing of the door 36. During the feeding stage, when the material bin 26 inside the multi-functional processing chamber 19 rotates to the feeding position, the drive motor controls the two doors 36 to slide from the middle to both sides to open the doors 36, forming an opening that aligns with the inlet 41. The feeding position refers to the position inside the multi-functional processing chamber 19 at the top near the inlet 41. When the material bin 26 stops rotating, peanuts fall into the material bin 26 from the inlet 41. The drive motor then controls the two doors 36 to slide from both sides to the middle to close the doors 36. The material bin 26 continues to rotate until the next material bin 26 rotates to the feeding station for the second round of feeding, and so on, until all material bins 26 in the multi-functional processing chamber 19 are filled with peanuts, thus completing the peanut feeding process. During the discharging stage, when the material bins 26 in the multi-functional processing chamber 19 rotate to the discharging station, the material bins 26 stop rotating. The driving method of the two doors is the same as during feeding, and will not be repeated here. At this time, the opening formed by the two doors 36 is aligned with the discharge port 15. The discharge station refers to the station at the bottom of the multi-functional processing chamber 19 near the discharge port 15. The peanuts in the material bins 26 fall directly into the discharge port 15 for discharging. After all the peanuts in the material bins 26 have fallen into the discharge port 15, the drive motor controls the doors 36 of the material bins 26 to slide from both sides towards the middle to close the doors 36. The material bin 26 continues to rotate and enters the second round of discharge, and so on, until all the material bins 26 in the multi-functional processing chamber 19 have unloaded peanuts, thus completing the peanut discharge process.

[0037] The side wall of the material barrel 26 is also provided with multiple sieve holes 35. The rows and columns of the multiple sieve holes 35 are arranged neatly. The multiple rows of sieve holes 35 allow the microwaves emitted by the microwave transmitter 1 to be transmitted through the sieve holes 35 into the interior of the material barrel 26, thereby drying the peanuts inside the material barrel 26.

[0038] The feeding device includes a screening track machine 8 mounted on a micro-crushing machine frame 9. A conveyor belt 7 is laid on the screening track machine 8. A micro-crushing device 10 is connected to the end of the screening track machine 8. A material hopper 12 is arranged below the micro-crushing device 10. A conveyor 13 is connected to the outlet of the material hopper 12. The end of the conveyor 13 away from the material hopper 12 is connected to the feed inlet 41 of the multi-functional processing chamber 19.

[0039] The conveyor belt 7 has mesh openings. Peanuts are shaken and screened through the mesh on the conveyor belt 7, resulting in peanuts of uniform size. A micro-shelling frame 9 is located below the screening conveyor 8. An aluminum profile support 11 is connected below the micro-shelling frame 9 to fix and support it. The micro-shelling support 9 supports the screening conveyor 8 and the micro-shelling device 10. After being screened by the screening conveyor 8, the peanuts enter the micro-shelling device 10 for micro-shelling treatment. This micro-shelling treatment reduces heat and mass transfer during drying. A material hopper 12 is located below the micro-shelling device 10. After micro-shelling, the peanuts fall directly into the material hopper 12. Since the bottom outlet of the material hopper 12 is connected to the inlet of the conveyor 13, the conveyor 13 transports the peanuts to the feed inlet 41 of the multi-functional processing chamber 19. The peanuts then fall from the feed inlet 41 into the material bin 26 inside the multi-functional processing chamber 19.

[0040] The discharge device includes a discharge port 15 located at the bottom of the multi-functional processing chamber, which is connected to the interior of the multi-functional processing chamber. The discharge port 15 is inclined and has an arc-shaped surface to facilitate the peanuts sliding out along the arc-shaped surface of the discharge port 15 and reduce the resistance encountered by the peanuts during the process of sliding out of the discharge port.

[0041] The peanut dryer also includes a hot air device, which includes a multi-functional heater 23 and an airflow diversion valve 6. The first end of the airflow diversion valve 6 is connected to the multi-functional heater 23. The second end of the airflow diversion valve is connected to a first air inlet pipe 42. The end of the first air inlet pipe 42 away from the airflow diversion valve 6 is connected to the end of the hot air duct 28 located in the main drying chamber 3. The third end of the airflow diversion valve is connected to a second air inlet pipe 14. The end of the second air inlet pipe 14 away from the airflow diversion valve 6 is connected to the end of the hot air duct 28 located in the multi-functional processing chamber 19.

[0042] The first air inlet duct 42 bypasses the bottom of the drying main chamber 3 and the side of the drying main chamber 3 near the drive device, and then connects to one end of the hot air duct 28 located inside the drying main chamber 3. The first air inlet duct 42 passes through the output gear of the transmission gear 18 on one side of the drying main chamber 3 and then connects to the hot air duct 28. By controlling the opening and closing of each valve of the airflow diversion valve 6, the hot air generated by the multi-functional heater 23 can be accurately delivered to different air inlet ducts, and then delivered to the drying main chamber 3 or the multi-functional processing chamber 19 through the corresponding air inlet ducts, so as to achieve preheating, drying and conditioning of peanuts in stages. During the peanut drying stage, after the multi-functional heater 23 generates high-temperature drying hot air, the valves at the first and second ends of the airflow diversion valve 6 are opened, while the valve at the third end of the airflow diversion valve 6 is closed. This connects the multi-functional heater 23, the airflow diversion valve 6, and the first air inlet duct 42, allowing the high-temperature drying hot air to enter the first air inlet duct 42 through the second end of the airflow diversion valve 6. The high-temperature drying hot air then enters the hot air duct 28 inside the drying main chamber 3 along the direction of the first air inlet duct 42, thereby drying the peanuts. The second air inlet duct 14 bypasses the bottom of the multi-functional processing chamber 19 and the side of the multi-functional processing chamber 19 closest to the drive device, and connects to the end of the hot air duct 28 located inside the multi-functional processing chamber 19. The second air inlet duct 14 passes through the output gear of the transmission gear 18 on one side of the multi-functional processing chamber 19 and then connects to the hot air duct 28. During the peanut preheating stage, after the multi-functional heater 23 generates preheating hot air, the valves at the first and third ends of the airflow diversion valve 6 are opened, while the valve at the second end of the airflow diversion valve 6 is closed. This connects the multi-functional heater 23, the airflow diversion valve 6, and the second air inlet duct 14. The preheating hot air enters the second air inlet duct 14 through the third end of the airflow diversion valve 6 and then flows along the direction of the second air inlet duct 14 into the hot air duct 28 inside the multi-functional processing chamber 19, thus preheating the peanuts. During the peanut conditioning stage, after the multi-functional heater 23 generates conditioning hot air, the conditioning hot air enters the second air inlet duct 14 through the third end of the airflow diversion valve 6 and then flows along the direction of the second air inlet duct 14 into the hot air duct 28 inside the multi-functional processing chamber 19, thus conditioning the peanuts.

[0043] The peanut dryer also includes a waste heat recovery device 5. The waste heat recovery device 5 has heat pipes 38 and a partition 46 internally. The heat pipes 38 are distributed along the height direction, and their extension direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the partition 46. A first port 44 and a second port 45 are opened on the first side of the waste heat recovery device 5. The first port 44 is connected to a blower 4, and the second port 45 is connected to an exhaust pipe 43. A third port 37 and a fourth port 39 are opened on the second side of the waste heat recovery device 5. The third port 37 is connected to an airflow diversion valve 6, and the fourth port 39 is open to the outside atmosphere. The third port 37 faces and communicates with the first port 44, and the fourth port 39 faces and communicates with the second port 45. The partition 46 is located between the first port 44 and the second port 45, extending laterally within the waste heat recovery device 5, and intersects with the heat pipes 38.

[0044] One end of the exhaust pipe 43 is connected to the second port 45 of the waste heat recovery device 5, and the other end of the exhaust pipe 43 is connected to the outer shell of the drying main chamber 3. The interior of the exhaust pipe 43 is connected to both the interior of the drying main chamber 3 and the interior of the waste heat recovery device 5. A partition 46 divides the internal cavity of the waste heat recovery device 5 into a first cavity and a second cavity. The first cavity is located above the second cavity, and the first and second cavities are completely isolated. During the peanut drying process, 80%-85% of the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the drying main chamber 3 is guided through the exhaust pipe 43 into the second cavity of the waste heat recovery device 5. The waste heat recovery device is internally equipped with heat pipes 38 and partitions 46. Heat pipes 38 penetrate partitions 46. High-temperature waste gas enters the second accommodating cavity through the second port 45 of the waste heat recovery device 5. The portion of heat pipe 38 located in the second accommodating cavity absorbs heat from the high-temperature waste gas. The liquid inside heat pipe 38 absorbs heat and evaporates, becoming high-temperature gas. This high-temperature gas rises to the portion of heat pipe 38 located in the first accommodating cavity. After heat recovery by the waste heat recovery device 5, the waste gas temperature drops to 40-45℃, and then the waste gas and condensate are discharged from the fourth port 39 of the waste heat recovery device 5. A condensate recovery pipe 40 is also installed on the second side of the waste heat recovery device 5 near the fourth port 39. After the condensate is discharged from the fourth port 39, it falls directly into the condensate recovery pipe 40 under gravity. Blown by the blower 4, fresh air enters the first cavity of the waste heat recovery device 5 through the first port 44. The high-temperature gas inside the portion of the heat pipe 38 located in the first cavity transfers heat to the fresh air. That is, after passing through the heated heat pipe 38, the fresh air absorbs heat from the heat pipe 38 and becomes hot air. The hot air then enters the airflow diversion valve 6 through the third port 37 of the waste heat recovery device 5. After being preheated to 50-60℃, the fresh air is intelligently distributed to the preheating, drying, and conditioning stations as supplementary air. It serves as the main heat source in the preheating station, a temperature and humidity regulator in the conditioning station, and mixes with a small amount of high-temperature fresh air in the drying station, acting as part of the drying heat source, working together with the microwave transmitter 1 to dry the peanuts. Through the combined action of the heat pipe 38 and the partition 46, heat exchange occurs in two independent cavities, thus achieving the recycling of waste gas heat and energy conservation.

[0045] The peanut dryer in this embodiment has multiple independent and controllable air paths. One path is high-temperature drying hot air, which enters the main drying chamber 3 through the first air inlet duct 42 to dry the peanuts. Another path is preheating / conditioning hot air, which enters the multi-functional processing chamber 19 through the second air inlet duct 14 to preheat or condition the peanuts. The peanut dryer can also dynamically match the air volume and temperature according to the real-time needs of each workstation. For example, the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the main drying chamber 3 can be partially recovered and used in the multi-functional processing chamber 19, which is in the preheating stage, after purification, filtration, and temperature and humidity adjustment. This achieves efficient recycling of energy and media, reducing exhaust heat loss and total air volume requirements.

[0046] Example 3 like Figure 16 As shown, this embodiment provides a peanut drying method based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air, used in the peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air in Embodiments 1-2. The method includes: S1: Peanuts are fed from the screening conveyor into the micro-shelling device, and the peanuts are micro-shelled using the micro-shelling device to obtain micro-shelled peanuts. S2: The micro-cracked peanuts are transported to the multi-functional processing chamber, and the micro-cracked peanuts are preheated using a first circulating hot air until the overall temperature of the micro-cracked peanuts rises uniformly to 40°C, thus obtaining preheated peanuts; wherein, the hot air temperature of the first circulating hot air is 40°C-50°C, the hot air velocity of the first circulating hot air is 0.5-1.5 m / s, and the circulation time of the first circulating hot air is 5-15 minutes; S3: The preheated peanuts are transported to the drying main compartment, and the preheated peanuts are dried using a microwave device until the average moisture content of the preheated peanuts drops to 12%-15%, thus obtaining dried peanuts. S4: The dried peanuts are transported back to the multi-functional processing chamber, and the dried peanuts are conditioned using a second circulating hot air to obtain conditioned peanuts; wherein, the hot air temperature of the second circulating hot air is 45℃-55℃, the hot air velocity of the second circulating hot air is 0.8-1.2m / s, the relative humidity of the second circulating hot air is 60%-80%, and the circulation time of the second circulating hot air is 10-25 minutes; S5: Cool the conditioned peanuts to room temperature to obtain cooled peanuts.

[0047] First, a multi-layer mesh belt conveyor 13 is used. Peanuts are shaken and screened through mesh on the conveyor belt 7 to select peanuts of uniform size. Then, they enter the micro-shell breaking device 10 for micro-shell breaking treatment to obtain micro-shelled peanuts. After micro-shell breaking treatment, the heat and mass transfer of peanuts during drying can be reduced.

[0048] Next, the slightly cracked peanuts are transported by conveyor 13 to the multi-functional processing chamber 19 for preheating. This preheating process aims to increase the initial temperature of the peanuts, reduce thermal stress, and prepare them for efficient drying. A first circulating hot air is generated by the multi-functional heater 23 and enters the multi-functional processing chamber 19 through the hot air duct 28 to preheat the peanuts. The first circulating hot air is clean hot air circulating at a low speed, with its temperature controlled within the range of 40℃-50℃. Too low a temperature will result in poor effectiveness, while too high a temperature will cause premature hardening of the peanut surface. The air velocity of the first circulating hot air is controlled within the range of 0.5-1.5 m / s to ensure uniform penetration of the material layer. The circulation time of the first circulating hot air is controlled within the range of 5-15 minutes, with adjustments made based on the surface moisture of the peanuts. When it is determined that there is no obvious moisture on the peanut surface and the overall temperature of the peanuts has uniformly risen above 40℃, the preheating stage ends, resulting in preheated peanuts. The drying method in this embodiment also includes an intelligent control system, which comprises a core controller, position sensors, in-chamber temperature and humidity sensors, and an online material moisture detector. The system implements closed-loop control based on a preset process model and feedback from various sensors. The system predicts and adjusts the drying parameters for the material entering the drying stage based on sensor data such as surface humidity at the preheating station, achieving a better connection between preheating and drying.

[0049] After preheating, the peanuts are transported to the drying chamber 3 for drying, aiming to quickly and efficiently remove most of the internal moisture. Microwaves are emitted into the drying chamber 3 via a microwave device, and these microwaves apply high-intensity drying to the preheated peanuts. During the drying process, a variable power reduction strategy is employed. In the early drying stage, when the peanuts are at high moisture content, 70%-90% of the rated microwave power is applied to quickly generate internal driving force for rapid drying. In the middle drying stage, during the deceleration phase, the microwave power is gradually reduced to 40%-60% to prevent localized overheating. In the later drying stage, the microwave power is reduced to 20%-30%, combined with hot air to evenly distribute moisture in the preheated peanuts. The hot air temperature is set at 55℃-70℃, employing a strategy of high initial temperature followed by low temperature later. Initially, the hot air temperature can be set to 65℃-70℃ for rapid moisture removal, and later reduced to 55℃-60℃ to ensure peanut quality. The hot air velocity is set to 1.5-2.5 m / s to ensure timely removal of moisture evaporated from the peanut surface. The hot air is supplied in a through-flow mode (airflow simultaneously above and below the material), with the airflow direction opposite to the material's movement to maintain maximum mass transfer driving force. When the online moisture detector installed at the drying station detects that the average moisture content of the peanuts has dropped to 12%-15% (above the critical point for safe storage moisture), the system determines that the drying stage has ended and issues a command to remove material from container 26. The system dynamically adjusts the power of each microwave zone based on the real-time temperature difference between the surface and middle layers of the material to balance the drying rate inside and outside the material. The system mainly relies on the real-time moisture data of the material at the drying station to determine the end point of the drying stage, thereby triggering the rotation command of material container 26. At the same time, it considers the material temperature data at the conditioning station to determine the conditioning cycle.

[0050] After the peanuts have finished drying, they are transported back to the multi-functional processing chamber 19 for conditioning. This conditioning process aims to balance the moisture gradient between the peanut kernel and shell, and between the inner core and surface, eliminating internal stress, preventing brittle shells and wet cores, and stabilizing peanut quality. A second circulating hot air is generated by the multi-functional heater 23. This second circulating hot air is a low-speed, high-humidity (relative humidity 60%-80%) gentle circulating hot air. The temperature of the second circulating hot air is 45℃-55℃, slightly higher than the ambient temperature, providing the driving force for moisture migration while preventing excessive evaporation. The air velocity of the second circulating hot air is 0.8-1.2 m / s; the low speed allows sufficient time for moisture to migrate from the peanut interior to the surface. The circulation time of the second circulating hot air is 10-25 minutes; this time is the conditioning and tempering time, a key parameter for ensuring peanut quality. The end of the drying process is determined primarily by time-programmed control, with an optional infrared thermometer used to determine whether the material temperature has reached uniform equilibrium.

[0051] Finally, the conditioned peanuts need to be cooled to room temperature. After the peanuts are conditioned at the conditioning station, they are cooled by a weak wind formed by room temperature air until the peanut temperature is less than or equal to 35℃ (within 10℃ of the ambient temperature), thus obtaining cooled peanuts.

[0052] The following is an example of the collaborative working cycle and intelligent scheduling of the two compartments, namely the dry main compartment 3 and the multi-functional processing compartment 19: Assuming a complete batch processing time of T, the two chambers alternate between three stations (preheating station, drying station, and conditioning station).

[0053] Time point T0: Drying main compartment: Located at the drying station, it is used for drying (which has been in progress for some time).

[0054] Multifunctional processing compartment: Located at the preheating station, it performs feeding and preheating (upon startup).

[0055] Time point T0 + ΔT (ΔT is the drying time): Drying main compartment: Dry to the target moisture content (e.g., 15%), triggering the material bucket discharge command.

[0056] Multifunctional processing chamber: Pre-treatment completed.

[0057] Action: Both compartments stop rotating simultaneously, and the material barrels in the main drying compartment and the multi-functional processing compartment are swapped one-to-one.

[0058] result: The material barrels in the drying main compartment are moved to the multi-functional processing compartment station to begin the conditioning process.

[0059] The material bins in the multi-functional processing compartment are moved to the drying station in the main drying compartment to begin the drying process.

[0060] Time point T0 + ΔT + ΔT2 (ΔT2 is the conditioning time): Dry main cabin: Still drying.

[0061] Multifunctional processing chamber: After conditioning, cooling and discharge begin.

[0062] Action: The system determines that the drying of the main drying chamber is not complete. After the multi-functional processing chamber finishes discharging material, is refilled with peanuts and pre-processing is completed, the next material bucket exchange is triggered.

[0063] This invention employs a multi-sensor feedback system, enabling the system to adaptively adjust the starting parameters of the next process based on the real-time state of the material in the previous process (such as surface humidity after preheating), thus achieving truly intelligent production. By partially recycling the drying medium (hot air), exhaust heat loss and total air volume requirements are reduced. The dual-chamber design of this invention—the main drying chamber 3 and the multi-functional processing chamber 19—occupies a small area yet achieves a complex continuous batch processing flow. By adjusting the parameters and residence time at each station, it can adapt to the processing needs of peanuts of different varieties and in different initial states.

[0064] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, apparatus, article, or method that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, apparatus, article, or method. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, apparatus, article, or method that includes that element.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural changes made based on the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air, characterized in that, The system includes a main drying chamber, with a multi-functional processing chamber connected to one side. A first support frame is installed inside the main drying chamber, and a second support frame is installed inside the multi-functional processing chamber. A hot air duct runs through both the first and second support frames. Multiple material containers are placed on both the first and second support frames. A drive device is connected to the side of each support frame, used to drive the material containers to revolve around the hot air duct and rotate around their own central axis. A transfer track connects the main drying chamber and the multi-functional processing chamber, allowing the material containers to be exchanged between them. The outer shell of the drying main chamber is equipped with several microwave devices around its perimeter. These microwave devices are used to emit microwaves to dry the peanuts in the material barrel. The multi-functional processing chamber is externally connected to a feeding device and a discharging device.

2. The peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microwave device includes a microwave chamber and a microwave transmitter, with the microwave transmitter installed on the side of the microwave chamber away from the outer shell of the main drying chamber. The microwave chamber has a first hatch on the side of the outer shell near the main drying chamber, and the first hatch communicates with the interior of the main drying chamber.

3. The peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner side of the drying main compartment is provided with a microwave reflecting structure, which is an arc surface, and is used to reflect microwaves to various corners inside the drying main compartment.

4. The peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first support frame includes a first rotating frame and material supports. The center of the first rotating frame is fitted onto the hot air duct. The drive device is connected to the side of the first rotating frame away from the multi-functional processing chamber, and multiple material supports are connected to the side of the first rotating frame closer to the multi-functional processing chamber. The material barrel is placed on the material supports. An external friction gear is provided on the outer wall of the material supports, and an internal friction gear is provided on the inner wall of the drying main chamber near the external friction gear. The external friction gear and the internal friction gear mesh with each other.

5. The peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material barrel is provided with a door on its side wall, and the outer shell of the multi-functional processing chamber has a feed inlet and a discharge outlet. When the material barrel in the multi-functional processing chamber rotates to the feed position, the door opens and aligns with the feed inlet. When the material barrel in the multi-functional processing chamber rotates to the discharge position, the door opens and aligns with the discharge outlet.

6. The peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to claim 1, characterized in that, The peanut dryer also includes a hot air device, which includes a multi-functional heater and an airflow diversion valve. The first end of the airflow diversion valve is connected to the multi-functional heater. The second end of the airflow diversion valve is connected to a first air inlet pipe, and the end of the first air inlet pipe away from the airflow diversion valve is connected to the end of the hot air duct located in the main drying chamber. The third end of the airflow diversion valve is connected to a second air inlet pipe, and the end of the second air inlet pipe away from the airflow diversion valve is connected to the end of the hot air duct located in the multi-functional processing chamber.

7. The peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to claim 6, characterized in that, The peanut dryer also includes a waste heat recovery device, which has heat pipes and a partition inside. The heat pipes are distributed along the height direction. The first side of the waste heat recovery device has a first port and a second port. The first port is connected to a blower, and the second port is connected to an exhaust pipe. The second side of the waste heat recovery device has a third port and a fourth port. The third port is connected to the airflow diversion valve, and the fourth port is open to the outside atmosphere. The third port is facing and connected to the first port, and the fourth port is facing and connected to the second port. The partition is located between the first port and the second port.

8. The peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving device includes a transmission motor and a transmission gear. The output shaft of the transmission motor drives the transmission gear to rotate, and the transmission gear drives the first support frame and the second support frame to rotate.

9. The peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding device includes a screening track machine, the end of which is connected to a micro-crushing device. A material hopper is located below the micro-crushing device, and a conveyor is connected to the outlet of the material hopper. The end of the conveyor away from the material hopper is connected to the inlet of the multi-functional processing chamber.

10. A peanut drying method based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air, based on the peanut dryer based on the synergistic effect of microwave and hot air as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method includes: Peanuts are fed from the screening conveyor belt into the micro-shelling device, and the peanuts are micro-shelled to obtain micro-shelled peanuts. The micro-cracked peanuts are transported to the multi-functional processing chamber, where they are preheated with a first circulating hot air until the overall temperature of the micro-cracked peanuts uniformly rises to 40°C, thus obtaining preheated peanuts. The hot air temperature of the first circulating hot air is 40°C-50°C, the hot air velocity of the first circulating hot air is 0.5-1.5 m / s, and the circulation time of the first circulating hot air is 5-15 minutes. The preheated peanuts are transported to the drying main chamber and dried using a microwave device until the average moisture content of the preheated peanuts drops to 12%-15%, thus obtaining dried peanuts. The dried peanuts are transported back to the multi-functional processing chamber, where they are conditioned using a second circulating hot air to obtain conditioned peanuts. The second circulating hot air has a temperature of 45℃-55℃, a wind speed of 0.8-1.2 m / s, a relative humidity of 60%-80%, and a circulation time of 10-25 minutes. The conditioned peanuts are cooled to room temperature to obtain cooled peanuts.

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