Well drilling visual packer, packer testing system, packer testing method and application

Abstract

This invention discloses a drilling visual plugging device, a plugging test system, a plugging test method, and its application. The plugging device includes: a cup body, a heating jacket, an upper cup cover, and a lower cup cover; the cup body has a cuboid structure with an inner cavity for holding the test fluid, and a mounting groove for placing the test piece at the lower end of the inner cavity; the upper cup cover has an upper connecting hole for connecting to an external pressure manifold, and the lower cup cover has a lower connecting hole for serving as a flow channel for leakage fluid; the heating jacket includes: a fixed surface and an openable surface; the two form a cavity for holding the cup body; one side of the openable surface is hinged to its adjacent fixed surface, and the other side has a locking element that can be fitted with its adjacent fixed surface to lock the cup body in the closed state; the openable surfaces of the cup body and the heating jacket are made of borosilicate glass, and the diameter of the inner cavity of the cup body is one-third to two-thirds of the width of the cup body. This invention meets the requirements of the plugging device for high-temperature and high-pressure visualization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling fluid plugging performance testing technology, and in particular to a drilling visual plugging instrument, a plugging test system, a plugging test method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Drilling fluid plugging technology is an important indicator for evaluating drilling fluid performance, which is related to wellbore stability and reservoir protection. Through the analysis of plugging mechanisms and the comparison of plugging evaluation methods, drilling fluid plugging instruments are usually used to test the plugging performance of drilling fluid. When conducting drilling fluid plugging performance tests, the test specimen needs to be placed in the plugging instrument, and then the drilling fluid to be tested is injected into the plugging instrument. The plugging performance of the drilling fluid is judged by the amount of filtration loss of the drilling fluid. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The inventors of this application have discovered that while there are many types of existing plugging devices, most have limited simulation functions. For example, some plugging devices cannot meet heating requirements and are difficult to simulate real formation conditions. In plugging devices with heating functions, the internal cup is usually placed inside a heating sleeve. When placing or removing the internal cup, the entire cup needs to be pulled out of the heating sleeve, which is time-consuming and laborious. Furthermore, existing plugging devices with heating sleeves generally lack a visual function, making it impossible to observe drilling fluid or filtrate leakage in real time. When testing certain test specimens (e.g., sand beds), the lack of visual monitoring prevents timely observation of structural changes in the test specimen. If the structure of the test specimen changes during the test, it will affect the plugging performance test results.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a drilling visual plugging instrument, plugging test system, plugging test method and application that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0005] The drilling visual plugging device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: a cup body, a heating sleeve disposed outside the cup body, an upper cup cover disposed at the upper end of the cup body, and a lower cup cover disposed at the lower end of the cup body;

[0006] The cup body has a cuboid structure and an inner cavity for holding the test liquid. The lower end of the inner cavity has an installation groove for holding the test piece. The upper cup cover has an upper connecting hole for connecting to an external pressure manifold, and the lower cup cover has a lower connecting hole.

[0007] The heating sleeve is used to heat the simulated liquid in the inner cavity, and includes: a fixed surface and an openable surface;

[0008] A cavity for placing the cup is formed between the fixed surface and the openable surface. One side of the openable surface is hinged to the adjacent fixed surface, and the other side and the adjacent fixed surface are provided with a locking member to lock the cup in the closed state.

[0009] The openable surfaces of the cup body and the heating sleeve are made of borosilicate glass, and the diameter of the inner cavity of the cup body is one-third to two-thirds of the width of the cup body.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the locking element includes: a latch and a hook that cooperates therewith;

[0011] The hook and the latch are respectively disposed on the other side of the openable surface and on the fixed surface adjacent to the other side of the openable surface, so that the cup body can be locked by the cooperation of the hook and the latch in the closed state.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the diameter of the minimum diameter of the lower connecting hole of the lower cup lid is 3mm-5mm.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, an oil bath plate is further provided between the cup body and the heating jacket; the oil bath plate is configured with a cavity, and the cavity contains heat-conducting oil;

[0014] The oil bath plate includes: a first oil bath plate disposed between the fixed surface of the heating sleeve and the cup body, and a second oil bath plate disposed between the openable surface and the cup body, wherein the second oil bath plate and the adjacent first oil bath plate are vertically movable.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the heat transfer oil is dimethylpolysiloxane.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, a sealing ring is provided between the upper cup lid and the cup body, and between the lower cup lid and the cup body.

[0017] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a plugging test system, including: a temperature control box, a pressure manifold, and the above-mentioned drilling visual plugging instrument;

[0018] The temperature control box is connected to the heating jacket of the visual sealing device to control the heating of the heating jacket;

[0019] One end of the pressure manifold is connected to the upper connection hole of the upper cup lid via the upper valve stem, which is used to pressurize the inner cavity of the cup body. The other end is connected to the lower connection hole of the lower cup lid via the lower valve stem and the three-way assembly, which is used to control the back pressure of the leaking liquid. The other end of the three-way assembly is connected to a needle valve, which controls the outflow of the leaking liquid.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the above-described occlusion testing system further includes: a connected frame and a base;

[0021] The temperature control box and the visual sealing device are installed on the frame.

[0022] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention also provide a plugging test method based on the above-described plugging test system, wherein the test piece is a sand disc or a slotted plate, comprising:

[0023] Install the test piece into the mounting groove at the lower end of the inner cavity of the cup, and install the lower cup cover, three-way assembly and lower valve stem in sequence, and seal the lower cup cover with the cup body;

[0024] Pour the preset amount of test liquid into the upper port of the cup body, install the upper cup lid and upper valve stem in sequence, and seal the upper cup lid with the cup body. Place the cup body into the heating jacket and lock it. Connect the pressure manifold and connect the heating jacket to the temperature control box to complete the installation of the sealing test system.

[0025] The temperature control chamber heats the test liquid in the cup based on the set test temperature. After the target temperature is reached, the pressure manifold controls the gas to be injected into the inner cavity of the cup through the upper cover to pressurize the inner cavity and make the pressure reach the target pressure.

[0026] The changes in the test liquid over time can be observed through the openable and closable parts of the cup and heating jacket.

[0027] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a plugging test method based on the above-described plugging test system, wherein the simulated component is a sand bed, comprising:

[0028] Install the filter screen in the mounting groove at the lower end of the cup's inner cavity, and then install the lower cup cover, three-way assembly, and lower valve stem in sequence;

[0029] Pour sand of a preset mass and particle size into the upper port of the cup body, spread it evenly and compact it with a vibration. Then pour in the preset amount of test liquid, install the upper cup lid and upper valve stem in sequence, and seal the upper cup lid with the cup body. Place the cup body into the heating jacket and lock it. Connect the pressure manifold and connect the heating jacket to the temperature control box to complete the installation of the sealing test system.

[0030] The temperature control chamber heats the test liquid in the cup based on the set test temperature. After the target temperature is reached, the pressure manifold controls the gas to be injected into the inner cavity of the cup through the upper cover to pressurize the inner cavity and make the pressure reach the target pressure.

[0031] The changes in the test liquid over time can be observed through the openable and closable parts of the cup and heating jacket.

[0032] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned drilling visual plugging instrument and plugging test system in the field of drilling fluid plugging performance testing technology.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0034] The drilling visual plugging device provided in this embodiment of the invention has a heating sleeve outside the cup body for heating the cup body. The heating sleeve is designed to be openable and closable, and the material of the openable and closable surface is made of visible borosilicate glass to meet the device's visibility function when heating the test fluid during plugging performance testing. The heating sleeve is designed to be openable and closable, and when the heating sleeve is in the open state, the cup body can be removed and installed by sliding it, which is convenient for installation and disassembly during use. In addition, the plugging device provided in this embodiment of the invention uses borosilicate glass as the material of the cup body and is designed as a cuboid structure. The diameter of the inner cavity of the cup body is one-third to two-thirds of the width of the cup body. By selecting the material of the cup body and the ratio of the inner cavity diameter to the cup body width, the cup body achieves a high pressure resistance without affecting the visibility effect. The inventors of this application have obtained through experimental testing that the pressure resistance of the device can reach more than 5MPa, which improves the pressure resistance of the plugging device. That is, the plugging device provided in this embodiment of the invention can meet the requirements of high temperature and high pressure visualization.

[0035] Meanwhile, the visual sealing groove for placing the test piece in this embodiment of the invention is set at the upper end of the lower cup cover, which can simulate the sealing performance of drilling fluid on sand discs, sand beds or slotted plates, etc., and has a wider range of applications.

[0036] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling visual plugging device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing measurement system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling visual plugging instrument with an oil bath plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0043] 1. Cup body; 2. Upper cup lid; 3. Lower cup lid; 4. Test piece; 5. Heating jacket; 6. Hinge; 7. Locking element; 8. Upper valve stem; 9. T-joint assembly; 10. Needle valve; 11. Lower valve stem; 12. Pressure manifold; 13. Temperature control box; 14. Frame; 15. Base; 16. Oil bath plate;

[0044] 51. Fixed surface; 52. Openable surface; 121. High-pressure manifold; 122. Low-pressure manifold; 131. Temperature controller; 132. Power switch; 133. Heating switch; 161. First oil bath plate; 162. Second oil bath plate; 163. Inclined surface. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] To address the problems existing in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a drilling visual plugging instrument, a plugging test system, a plugging test method, and its application.

[0049] The drilling visual plugging device provided in this embodiment of the invention refers to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a cup body 1, a heating sleeve 5 disposed outside the cup body 1, an upper cup lid 2 disposed at the upper end of the cup body 1, and a lower cup lid 3 disposed at the lower end of the cup body 1.

[0050] The cup body 1 has a cuboid structure and an inner cavity for holding the test liquid. The lower end of the inner cavity has a mounting groove (not shown in the figure) for holding the test piece 4. The upper cup cover 2 has an upper connecting hole for connecting to an external pressure manifold 12, and the lower cup cover 3 has a lower connecting hole. During the sealing test, the lower connecting hole can be used as a flow channel for leakage liquid.

[0051] The heating sleeve 5 is used to heat the simulated liquid in the inner cavity, and includes: a fixed surface 51 and an openable surface 52;

[0052] A cavity for placing the cup body 1 is formed between the fixed surface 51 and the openable surface 52. One side of the openable surface 52 is hinged to the adjacent fixed surface 51, and the other side and the fixed surface connected to it are provided with a locking member 7 to lock the cup body 1 in the closed state.

[0053] The openable surface 52 of the cup body 1 and the heating sleeve 5 is made of borosilicate glass, and the diameter of the inner cavity of the cup body 1 is one-third to two-thirds of the width of the cup body 1.

[0054] The sealing device provided in this embodiment of the invention has a cup body 1 with two square faces, the width of which refers to the length of the edges that make up the square faces.

[0055] The sealing device provided in this embodiment of the invention has a heating sleeve 5 with three sides heated and one side visible. The visible side is connected to the non-visible side by a hinge or hinge 6 to achieve hinge connection. The other side is provided with a locking member 7 that can be locked. The heating sleeve 5 is designed with an openable structure to facilitate the installation or removal of the cup body 1, avoiding the expansion and contraction of the cup body 1 before and after heating. It is stuck in the heating sleeve 5. During the test, the cup body 1 can be locked by the locking member 7 to prevent the cup body 1 from directly contacting the external environment and affecting the heating effect.

[0056] Furthermore, during the design process, it is preferred that the openable surface 522 of the cup body 1 and the heating sleeve 5 be made of borosilicate glass. This material has high impact resistance and penetration resistance, as well as high transparency. This material enables high pressure visibility. In this embodiment, by setting the ratio of the inner cavity diameter of the cup body 1 to the width of the cup body 1, the cup body 1 achieves a high pressure resistance without affecting the visibility. The pressure resistance of this device can reach more than 5 MPa.

[0057] It should be noted that the specific dimensions and position of the mounting groove at the lower end of the inner cavity of the visual plugging instrument in this embodiment of the invention can be designed in conjunction with the test piece 4 (including: the thickness of the slotted plate, sand disc or filter screen) to achieve multiple uses in one machine, which can test both the plugging performance of drilling fluid and the plugging ability of drilling fluid plugging slurry.

[0058] Furthermore, the upper cup lid 2 and lower cup lid 3 of the visual sealing device can be made of stainless steel; and sealing rings are provided between the upper cup lid 2 and the cup body 1, and between the lower cup lid 3 and the cup body 1. Specifically, the upper cup lid 2 has threads on its exterior that can engage with the cup body 1, and a groove is formed on the side of the upper cup lid 2 for the sealing ring to fit on. Correspondingly, a groove is provided on the inner wall of the cup body 1 to fit the sealing ring, thereby achieving a seal between the upper cup lid 2 and the cup body 1. Furthermore, the lower cup lid 3 has a groove on its side for the sealing ring to fit on, and correspondingly, a groove is provided on the inner wall of the cup body 1 to fit the sealing ring, thereby achieving a seal between the lower cup lid 3 and the cup body 1.

[0059] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention do not specifically limit the fixed surface that is hinged to the openable surface 52, nor the fixed surface that is locked in place. These can be selected according to actual needs. For example, refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the fixing surface that is hinged to the openable surface 52 is the left fixing surface, and the fixing surface 51 that is locked in place is the right fixing surface; as shown in the reference... Figure 3 As shown, the fixed surface that is hinged to the openable surface 52 is the right fixed surface, and the fixed surface that is locked in place is the left fixed surface.

[0060] Furthermore, the upper connecting hole on the upper cup cover 2 is a threaded hole. In application, the upper connecting hole is connected to the upper valve stem 8, and the upper valve stem 8 is connected to the pressure manifold 12.

[0061] In this embodiment of the invention, the structure of the locking member 7 is not specifically limited, and can be selected according to actual needs. In an optional embodiment, the locking member 7 includes: a latch and a hook that cooperates with it;

[0062] Hooks and latches are respectively set on the other side of the openable surface 52 and on the fixed surface adjacent to the other side of the openable surface, so that the cup body can be locked by the cooperation of hooks and latches in the closed state.

[0063] In one embodiment, the diameter of the lower connecting hole of the lower cup cover 3 is larger than the diameter of the upper connecting hole of the upper cup cover 2, wherein the diameter of the smallest part of the lower connecting hole is 3mm-5mm. This is to facilitate the outflow of sealing slurry containing larger particles without causing blockage at the lower connecting hole.

[0064] In an optional embodiment, refer to Figure 3 As shown, an oil bath plate 16 is also provided between the cup body 1 and the heating sleeve 5; the oil bath plate 16 is configured with a cavity, and the cavity contains heat-conducting oil;

[0065] The oil bath includes a first oil bath 161 disposed between the fixed surface 51 of the heating sleeve 5 and the cup body 1, and a second oil bath 162 disposed between the openable surface and the cup body, wherein the second oil bath 162 and its adjacent first oil bath 161 are vertically slidable. When heating is performed using the heating sleeve 5, the temperature is generally higher at the location where heating elements (such as heating rods) are installed. This can easily lead to uneven heating of the test liquid in the cup body 1, and localized overheating may cause the test liquid in that location to become ineffective, thus affecting the accuracy of the experimental results. Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, an oil bath plate is provided between the heating sleeve 5 and the cup body 1. When heating is performed using the heating sleeve 5, heat is conducted through the heat-conducting oil in the oil bath plate, making the heating of the test liquid more uniform, thereby improving the accuracy of the sealing performance test. In addition, the second oil bath plate 162 and its adjacent first oil bath plate 161 in this embodiment of the invention can be vertically moved. That is, when installing or removing the cup body 1, the second oil bath plate can be removed vertically first, and then the cup body 1 can be installed. The structure of the oil bath plate, while ensuring uniform heating of the test liquid in the cup body 1, does not affect the installation form of the cup body 1. That is, the cup body 1 can still be installed or removed by horizontal movement.

[0066] In this embodiment of the invention, the specific method for achieving vertical movement between the second oil bath plate 52 and the first oil bath plate 51 is not specifically limited, and can be selected according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the first oil bath plate 51 may be provided with a groove arranged vertically, and correspondingly, a boss that mates with the groove may be provided on the side wall of the second oil bath plate 52, so that vertical movement between the two can be achieved through the cooperation of the boss and the groove; in another embodiment, as shown in the figure Figure 3 As shown, the second oil bath plate 162 and the adjacent first oil bath plate 161 can be vertically movable through the cooperation of the inclined surface 163.

[0067] It should be noted that the three-sided structure of the first oil bath plate 161 can be a single integral molding structure, a separately molded and mating structure, or a two-sided integral molding and a separately molded and mating structure. This embodiment of the invention does not impose specific limitations on this, and the choice can be made according to actual needs. For example, refer to... Figure 3 As shown, two sides of the first oil bath plate 161 are integrally formed, while the other side is separately formed. The sidewall of this side and the sidewall of the side connected to it are set as inclined structures to achieve installation and fit through the inclined structure.

[0068] The type of heat transfer oil can be selected according to the actual situation. In one embodiment, the inventors of this application have found through research that the heat transfer oil can be selected as dimethyl polysiloxane, which has excellent thermal stability and oxidation stability, can exist stably at high temperature for a long time, is not easy to decompose or oxidize, and can meet the requirements of visualization so as not to affect the real-time observation of the test situation inside the cup 1.

[0069] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention also provide a plugging test system, referring to... Figure 2 As shown, it includes: temperature control box 13, pressure manifold 12 and the aforementioned drilling visual plugging device;

[0070] The temperature control box 13 is connected to the heating jacket 5 of the visual sealing instrument to control the heating of the heating jacket 5.

[0071] One end of the pressure manifold 12 is connected to the upper connection hole of the upper cup lid 2 through the upper valve stem 8, which is used to pressurize the inner cavity of the cup body 1. The other end is connected to the lower connection hole of the lower cup lid 3 through the lower valve stem 11 and the three-way assembly 9, which is used to control the back pressure of the leaking liquid. The other end of the three-way assembly 9 is connected to a needle valve 10, which is used to control the outflow of the leaking liquid.

[0072] Specifically, the temperature control box 13 is connected to the fixed surface 51 of the heating jacket 5, and the temperature control box 13 specifically includes: a power switch 132, a heating switch 133, and a temperature controller 131. The needle valve 10 is specifically a high-pressure needle valve 10. The inner diameter of the three-way assembly 9 connected to the lower connection hole of the lower cup lid 3 and the needle valve 10 is not less than the diameter of the lower connection hole, facilitating the outflow of plugging slurry containing larger particles without causing blockage at the lower connection point. The pressure manifold 12 is connected to a gas source during application and includes: a high-pressure manifold 121 and a low-pressure manifold 122. The high-pressure manifold 121 is connected to the upper connection hole of the upper cup lid 2 to pressurize the inner cavity of the cup body 1; the low-pressure manifold 122 is connected to the three-way assembly 9 to control the back pressure within the three-way assembly 9 and the needle valve 10 under high temperatures, preventing leaked liquid from escaping in the form of gas and affecting the final analysis results.

[0073] Based on the same inventive concept, referring to Figure 2 As shown, the occlusion testing system provided in this embodiment of the invention further includes: a connected frame 14 and a base 15;

[0074] The temperature control box 13 and the visual sealing device are installed on the frame 14.

[0075] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the working principle of the sealing test system of the present invention is explained as follows: (1) When conducting the sand disc / seam plate sealing test: first install the sealing ring between the lower cup cover 3 and the cup body 1, the sand disc / seam plate, then install the lower cup cover 3, the three-way assembly 9, and the lower valve stem 11. Pour the sealing slurry to be tested into the upper port of the cup body 1, install the sealing ring between the upper cup cover 2 and the cup body 1, the upper cup cover 2, and the upper valve stem 8, put the cup body 1 into the heating sleeve 5 and lock it, connect the lower valve stem 11 and the pressure manifold 12, and connect the heating sleeve 5 to the temperature control box 13; use the temperature control box 13 to set the test temperature for heating, after reaching the target temperature, pressurize to the target pressure, and observe the change of the test filtrate / sealing slurry over time. (2) When conducting sealing tests on sand beds with different particle sizes: First, install the sealing ring and filter screen between the lower cup cover 3 and the cup body 1, then install the lower cup cover 3, the three-way assembly 9, and the lower valve stem 11. Pour a certain mass of sand with a known particle size into the upper port of the cup body 1, spread it flat and compact it, then pour in the sealing slurry to be tested. Install the sealing ring between the upper cup cover 2 and the cup body 1, the upper cup cover 2, and the upper valve stem 8. Place the cup body 1 into the heating jacket 5 and lock it. Connect the lower valve stem 11 to the pressure manifold 12 and connect the heating jacket 5 to the temperature control box 13. Use the temperature control box 13 to set the test temperature for heating. After reaching the target temperature, apply pressure to the target pressure and observe the changes in the test filtrate / sealing slurry over time.

[0076] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a sealing test method based on the above-mentioned sealing test system, wherein the test piece 4 in this embodiment is a sand disc or a slotted plate, including:

[0077] Install the test piece 4 into the mounting groove at the lower end of the inner cavity of the cup body 1, and install the lower cup cover 3, the three-way assembly 9 and the lower valve stem 11 in sequence, and seal the lower cup cover 3 with the cup body 1.

[0078] Pour the preset amount of test liquid into the upper port of the cup body 1, install the upper cup cover 2 and the upper valve stem 8 in sequence, and seal the upper cup cover 2 with the cup body 1. Place the cup body 1 into the heating sleeve 5 and lock it. Connect the pressure manifold 12 and connect the heating sleeve 5 to the temperature control box 13 to complete the installation of the sealing test system.

[0079] The temperature control chamber 13 heats the test liquid in the cup body 1 based on the set test temperature. After the target temperature is reached, the pressure manifold 12 controls the gas to be injected into the inner cavity of the cup body 1 through the upper end cover to pressurize the inner cavity and make the pressure reach the target pressure.

[0080] The changes in the test liquid over time can be observed through the openable and closable surface 52 of the cup body 1 and the heating sleeve 5.

[0081] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment of the invention also provides a plugging test method based on the above-described plugging test system, wherein the component to be simulated in this embodiment is a sand bed, comprising:

[0082] Install the filter screen in the mounting groove at the lower end of the inner cavity of the cup body 1, and install the lower cup cover 3, the three-way assembly 9 and the lower valve stem 11 in sequence;

[0083] Pour sand of a preset mass and particle size into the upper port of the cup body 1, spread it evenly and compact it with a vibration. Then pour in the preset amount of test liquid, install the upper cup lid 2 and the upper valve stem 8 in sequence, and seal the upper cup lid 2 with the cup body 1. Place the cup body 1 into the heating jacket 5 and lock it. Connect the pressure manifold 12 and connect the heating jacket 5 to the temperature control box 13 to complete the installation of the sealing test system.

[0084] The temperature control chamber 13 heats the test liquid in the cup body 1 based on the set test temperature. After the target temperature is reached, the pressure manifold 12 controls the gas to be injected into the inner cavity of the cup body 1 through the upper end cover to pressurize the inner cavity and make the pressure reach the target pressure.

[0085] The changes in the test liquid over time can be observed through the openable and closable surface 52 of the cup body 1 and the heating sleeve 5.

[0086] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned drilling visual plugging instrument and plugging test system in the field of drilling fluid plugging performance testing technology.

[0087] The aforementioned drilling visual plugging instrument and plugging test system can be based on sand discs or fracture plates as test specimens to evaluate low-permeability leakage or fracture leakage, or they can be based on sand beds as test specimens to evaluate high-permeability leakage.

[0088] The present invention provides a drilling visual plugging instrument, a plugging test system, a plugging test method, and an application. This drilling visual plugging instrument achieves visual observation by using transparent materials for the openable and closable surfaces of the cup body and heating sleeve. The openable and closable heating sleeve facilitates high-temperature heating while allowing for easy installation and disassembly of the cup body. Furthermore, the instrument enlarges the inner diameter of the lower cup cover mounting hole to accommodate the evaluation of various plugging drilling fluids. The lower end of the cup body is designed with an installation groove for placing test specimens, which can be used to place sand discs or fracture plates to evaluate low-permeability or fracture-related leakage, and to place filters to evaluate high-permeability leakage. This addresses the problem that existing plugging instruments cannot simulate formation conditions with simultaneous high temperature, high pressure, high permeability, fracture-related leakage, or low-permeability leakage, resulting in limited applicability and making it difficult to visually observe changes in drilling fluid plugging properties over time. It also solves the problem of laborious and potentially safe installation and disassembly of the cup body.

[0089] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed process is an example of an exemplary method. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the process may be rearranged without departing from the scope of this disclosure. The appended method claims provide elements of various steps in an exemplary order and are not intended to limit the scope to the specific order or hierarchy described.

[0090] In the detailed description above, various features are combined together in a single embodiment to simplify this disclosure. This approach to disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than are explicitly stated in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the appended claims, the invention is presented with fewer features than all of the features in a single disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the appended claims are hereby explicitly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim representing a separate preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0091] The foregoing description includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is certainly impossible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods in order to describe the above embodiments, but those skilled in the art will recognize that further combinations and arrangements of the various embodiments are possible. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, the term "comprising" as used in the specification or claims is interpreted in a manner similar to the term "including," as interpreted when used as a conjunction in the claims. Additionally, the use of any term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or."

Claims

1. A drilling visual plugging device, characterized in that, include: The cup body, the heating sleeve outside the cup body, the upper cup lid at the top of the cup body, and the lower cup lid at the bottom of the cup body; The cup body has a cuboid structure and an inner cavity for holding the test liquid. The lower end of the inner cavity has an installation groove for holding the test piece. The upper cup cover has an upper connecting hole for connecting to an external pressure manifold, and the lower cup cover has a lower connecting hole. The heating sleeve is used to heat the test liquid in the inner cavity, and includes: a fixed surface and an openable surface; A cavity for placing the cup is formed between the fixed surface and the openable surface. One side of the openable surface is hinged to the adjacent fixed surface, and the other side and the adjacent fixed surface are provided with a locking member to lock the cup in the closed state. The openable surfaces of the cup body and the heating sleeve are made of borosilicate glass, and the diameter of the inner cavity of the cup body is one-third to two-thirds of the width of the cup body.

2. The drilling visual plugging device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The locking element includes: a latch and a hook that cooperates with it; The hook and the latch are respectively disposed on the other side of the openable surface and on the fixed surface adjacent to the other side of the openable surface, so that the cup body can be locked by the cooperation of the hook and the latch in the closed state.

3. The drilling visual plugging device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The minimum diameter of the lower connecting hole of the lower cup lid is 3mm-5mm.

4. The drilling visual plugging device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An oil bath plate is also provided between the cup body and the heating jacket; the oil bath plate is provided with a cavity, and the cavity contains heat-conducting oil; The oil bath plate includes: a first oil bath plate disposed between the fixed surface of the heating sleeve and the cup body, and a second oil bath plate disposed between the openable surface and the cup body, wherein the second oil bath plate and the adjacent first oil bath plate are vertically movable.

5. The drilling visual plugging device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The heat transfer oil is dimethylpolysiloxane.

6. The drilling visual plugging device as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided between the upper cup lid and the cup body, and between the lower cup lid and the cup body.

7. A plugging test system, characterized in that, include: Temperature control box, pressure manifold, and drilling visual plugging device as described in any one of claims 1-6; The temperature control box is connected to the heating jacket of the visual sealing device to control the heating of the heating jacket; One end of the pressure manifold is connected to the upper connection hole of the upper cup lid via the upper valve stem, which is used to pressurize the inner cavity of the cup body. The other end is connected to the lower connection hole of the lower cup lid via the lower valve stem and the three-way assembly, which is used to control the back pressure of the leaking liquid. The other end of the three-way assembly is connected to a needle valve, which controls the outflow of the leaking liquid.

8. The plugging test system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: Connected frame and base; The temperature control box and the visual sealing device are installed on the frame.

9. A plugging test method, characterized in that, Based on the sealing test system according to claim 7 or 8, the test piece is a sand disc or a slotted plate, comprising: Install the test piece into the mounting groove at the lower end of the inner cavity of the cup, and install the lower cup cover, three-way assembly and lower valve stem in sequence, and seal the lower cup cover with the cup body; Pour the preset amount of test liquid into the upper port of the cup body, install the upper cup lid and upper valve stem in sequence, and seal the upper cup lid with the cup body. Place the cup body into the heating jacket and lock it. Connect the pressure manifold and connect the heating jacket to the temperature control box to complete the installation of the sealing test system. The temperature control chamber heats the test liquid in the cup based on the set test temperature. After the target temperature is reached, the pressure manifold controls the gas to be injected into the inner cavity of the cup through the upper cover to pressurize the inner cavity and make the pressure reach the target pressure. The changes in the test liquid over time can be observed through the openable and closable parts of the cup and heating jacket.

10. A plugging test method, characterized in that, Based on the plugging test system according to claim 7 or 8, the simulated component is a sand bed, comprising: Install the filter screen in the mounting groove at the lower end of the cup's inner cavity, and then install the lower cup cover, three-way assembly, and lower valve stem in sequence; Pour sand of a preset mass and particle size into the upper port of the cup body, spread it evenly and compact it with a vibration. Then pour in the preset amount of test liquid, install the upper cup lid and upper valve stem in sequence, and seal the upper cup lid with the cup body. Place the cup body into the heating jacket and lock it. Connect the pressure manifold and connect the heating jacket to the temperature control box to complete the installation of the sealing test system. The temperature control chamber heats the test liquid in the cup based on the set test temperature. After the target temperature is reached, the pressure manifold controls the gas to be injected into the inner cavity of the cup through the upper cover to pressurize the inner cavity and make the pressure reach the target pressure. The changes in the test liquid over time can be observed through the openable and closable parts of the cup and heating jacket.

11. The application of a drilling visual plugging instrument as described in any one of claims 1-6 and a plugging test system as described in claim 7 or 8 in the field of drilling fluid plugging performance testing technology.

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