A reamer device and cutting apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of reamer device and cutting equipment, including tool head unit, it includes reamer head and first connecting part, the reamer head is coaxially connected with the first connecting part, reamer head and first connecting part are hard alloy material or cermet material;Tool bar unit, it includes reamer bar and second connecting part, second connecting part is coaxially connected with reamer bar;The reamer bar and the second connecting part are alloy steel material, second connecting part and first connecting part are matched with each other, and second connecting part and first connecting part are detachably connected;By the elastic deformation of the tool bar unit, tool bar unit and the tool head unit are positioned.The present application is by being provided with high-precision quick-change structure, realizes tool to reach life cycle, can be replaced by local functional component, to form new tool;At the same time, hard alloy raw material, metal ceramic raw material ratio is less;Avoid overall abandonment, and can guarantee the positioning accuracy and clamping reliability under small diameter simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of reamer technology, and in particular to a reamer device and cutting equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, finishing reaming tools with diameters between D8 and D16 (nominal diameter 8-16mm) are used in applications including, but not limited to, hydraulic valve bodies, engine parts, and mold guide post holes. Reaming is a critical process for ensuring dimensional accuracy (e.g., IT6–IT7 grade) and surface roughness (Ra ≤ 0.4μm). The mainstream reamers in the industry are classified as follows: solid carbide reamers, solid cermet reamers, solid high-speed steel reamers, and welded reamers.

[0003] However, existing reamers also have many limitations. Specifically, solid carbide reamers and solid cermet reamers consume a lot of raw materials, and once the tool reaches the end of its service life, it must be scrapped and replaced with a new one. The cost of raw materials for these two types of reamers is high, thus increasing the overall cost of use. Solid high-speed steel reamers are made of high-speed steel materials such as M2, M35, and M42, and require multiple heat treatment steps such as annealing, quenching, and tempering. The process window is narrow, energy consumption is high, and there are risks of oxidation and decarburization. They also have high energy consumption, serious environmental pollution, and a short service life. In addition, the manufacturing process of welded reamers is complex, and the quality stability is difficult to control. The tool is prone to deformation after coating, which is extremely sensitive for small-diameter reamers. Without coating, the lifespan will be shortened. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a reamer device. By setting a high-precision quick-change structure, the tool can be transformed into a new tool by replacing some functional components after the tool reaches the end of its service life. At the same time, the proportion of cemented carbide raw materials and metal ceramic raw materials is small. While avoiding overall waste, it can also ensure the positioning accuracy and clamping reliability under small diameter.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a reamer device, comprising, A cutting head unit includes a reamer head and a first connecting part, wherein the reamer head and the first connecting part are coaxially connected, and the reamer head and the first connecting part are made of cemented carbide or metal-ceramic material; The tool holder unit includes a reamer rod and a second connecting part, the second connecting part being coaxially connected to the reamer rod; the reamer rod and the second connecting part are made of alloy steel, the second connecting part is matched with the first connecting part, and the second connecting part is detachably connected to the first connecting part; through the elastic deformation of the tool holder unit, the tool holder unit and the cutter head unit are positioned by both the conical surface and the end face; after installation, the radial runout distance of the reamer head is ≤3μ; A cooling unit is formed in the cutter head unit and the cutter bar unit, the cooling unit including a cooling inner hole.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first connecting portion includes a first connecting block and a positioning block assembly, the positioning block assembly being disposed on the first connecting block at one end away from the reamer head; the second connecting portion includes a second connecting block and a positioning groove structure, the positioning groove structure matching the positioning block assembly, the positioning groove structure being located on the second connecting block at one end away from the reamer rod.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the positioning block assembly includes a first positioning block and a second positioning block coaxially connected, and the positioning groove structure includes a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove coaxially disposed; the first positioning block cooperates with the first positioning groove; and the second positioning block cooperates with the second positioning groove.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first positioning block is configured as a 1:10 tapered block, and the first positioning groove is configured as a 1:10 inner tapered hole; the inner wall of the first positioning groove is provided with a first thread, and the first positioning block is provided with a second thread that matches the first thread.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the second positioning groove is provided with a third thread, and the second positioning block is provided with a fourth thread that matches the third thread.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the cooling inner hole includes a first through hole and a second through hole, the first through hole being formed in the cutter head unit and the second through hole being formed in the cutter bar unit; the first through hole and the second through hole are in communication.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first through hole is coaxially arranged with the reamer head; the second through hole is coaxially arranged with the reamer rod.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, coolant is introduced into the cooling inner hole.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the reamer head includes a body and a blade assembly, the blade assembly including a plurality of cutting edges spaced apart circumferentially along the body.

[0014] The present invention also provides a cutting device, including a reamer device as described above.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art: The reamer device of this invention comprises a cutter head unit, a cutter shank unit, and a cooling unit. Through a high-precision quick-change structure, namely the cooperation between the first and second connecting parts, a new cutter can be formed by replacing certain functional components after the cutter reaches its service life. The cutter head unit is made of cemented carbide or cermet material, while the cutter shank unit is made of alloy steel. During the installation of the cutter head unit and the cutter shank unit, the cutter shank unit undergoes a slight elastic deformation, ensuring no gap occurs after assembly and guaranteeing the stability and tightness of the connection between the cutter head unit and the cutter shank unit. Furthermore, the reamer head of this invention can be quickly replaced; when the reamer head reaches the end of its service life after prolonged use, it can be directly replaced. In addition... The reamer device of the present invention can effectively reduce the amount of raw materials such as cemented carbide and cermet. Through the cooperation between the first connecting part and the second connecting part, double-sided constraint and positioning between the reamer head and the tool holder are achieved, thereby making the reamer device of the present invention strong, rigid, and effectively improving machining accuracy. In addition, through the standardized structure of the interface between the first connecting part and the second connecting part, it can be adapted to most sizes of tool heads in the D8-D16 diameter range. By assembling the reamer head made of cemented carbide or cermet with the alloy steel tool holder with slight deformation, radial micro-deformation of the tool holder is achieved, as well as the over-positioning installation of the first connecting part and the second connecting part. While ensuring high precision, it can also achieve high rigidity. The installation process is simple and easy to operate, thereby effectively improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the reamer device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter head unit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tool holder unit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the instruction manual: 1. Cutter head unit; 10. Reamer head; 101. Main body; 102. Blade assembly; 11. First connecting part; 110. First connecting block; 111. First positioning block; 112. Second positioning block; 2. Tool holder unit; 20. Reamer bar; 21. Second connecting part; 210. Second connecting block; 211. First positioning groove; 212. Second positioning groove; 3. Cooling unit; 30. First through hole; 31. Second through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention. Example 1

[0022] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention discloses a reamer device, including a cutter head unit 1, wherein the cutter head unit 1 includes a reamer head 10 and a first connecting part 11, and the reamer head 10 is coaxially connected to the first connecting part 11. The reamer head 10 and the first connecting part 11 are made of cemented carbide or metal-ceramic material. The reamer device further includes a spool unit 2, which includes a reamer spool 20 and a second connecting part 21, wherein the second connecting part 21 is coaxially connected to the reamer spool 20. The reamer rod 20 and the second connecting part 21 are made of alloy steel. The second connecting part 21 matches the first connecting part 11, and the second connecting part 21 is detachably connected to the first connecting part 11, thereby making the cutter head unit 1 and the cutter bar unit 2 detachably connected; through the elastic deformation of the cutter bar unit 2, the cutter bar unit 2 and the cutter head unit 1 are positioned by both the conical surface and the end face. After installation, when performing precision machining operations, the radial runout distance of the reamer head 10 is ≤3μ; The reamer assembly also includes a cooling unit 3, which is formed in the cutter head unit 1 and the cutter bar unit 2. The cooling unit 3 includes a cooling inner hole, which is used to remove chips and cool the reamer assembly during precision machining.

[0023] Therefore, it can be understood that the reamer device protected by this invention includes a cutter head unit, a cutter shank unit, and a cooling unit. Through a high-precision quick-change structure, namely the cooperation between the first and second connecting parts, a new cutter can be formed by replacing some functional components after the cutter reaches its service life. The cutter head unit is made of cemented carbide or cermet, while the cutter shank unit is made of alloy steel. During the installation of the cutter head unit and the cutter shank unit, the cutter shank unit will experience a slight elastic deformation, ensuring no gap occurs after assembly and guaranteeing the stability and tightness of the connection between the cutter head unit and the cutter shank unit. Furthermore, the reamer head of this invention can be quickly replaced; when the reamer head reaches its service life after prolonged use, it can be directly replaced. Furthermore, the reamer device of the present invention can effectively reduce the amount of raw materials such as cemented carbide and cermet; through the mutual cooperation between the first connecting part and the second connecting part, double-sided constraint and positioning between the reamer head and the tool holder are achieved, thereby making the reamer device of the present invention strong, rigid, and effectively improving machining accuracy; in addition, through the standardized structure of the interface between the first connecting part and the second connecting part, it can be adapted to most sizes of tool heads in the D8-D16 diameter range; by assembling the reamer head made of cemented carbide or cermet material with the alloy steel tool holder with slight deformation, radial micro-deformation of the tool holder is achieved, as well as the over-positioning installation of the first connecting part and the second connecting part, while ensuring high precision, high rigidity can also be achieved. The installation process is simple and easy to operate, thereby effectively improving production efficiency.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the reamer bar 20 and the second connecting part 21 are made of hardened spring steel. When subjected to external force, the spring steel can undergo elastic deformation, thereby achieving double-sided constraint.

[0025] Furthermore, the first connecting portion 11 includes a first connecting block 110 and a positioning block assembly, the positioning block assembly being disposed on the first connecting block 110 at one end away from the reamer head; The second connecting part 21 includes a second connecting block 210 and a positioning groove structure, the positioning groove structure matching the positioning block assembly, and the positioning groove structure located on the second connecting block 210 at one end away from the reamer bar 20.

[0026] Furthermore, the positioning block assembly includes a first positioning block 111 and a second positioning block 112 coaxially connected, and the positioning groove structure includes a first positioning groove 211 and a second positioning groove 212 coaxially arranged; wherein, the first positioning block 111 cooperates with the first positioning groove 211; and the second positioning block 112 cooperates with the second positioning groove 212.

[0027] Preferably, the first positioning block 111 is configured as a 1:10 tapered block, and correspondingly, the first positioning groove 211 is configured as a 1:10 inner tapered hole. This configuration enables high-precision, high-rigidity, and repeatable rapid positioning and clamping between the reamer head 10 and the reamer rod 20 within a confined space (D8-D16 reamers), while avoiding welding deformation and overall scrap. Furthermore, since the 1:10 taper fit is a small taper, the cone and the tapered hole automatically align during axial tightening, effectively eliminating radial clearance. The 1:10 taper provides a large contact area (compared to threads or small tapers), and the taper fit has almost no clearance, resulting in an extremely tight connection. Moreover, due to the small taper (approximately 2.86°), a small axial locking force can generate a huge radial clamping force. In detail, each time the reamer head 10 is replaced, the axial position of the reamer head 10 relative to the reamer rod 20 is consistent. For D8-D16 reamers, this means that there is no need to readjust the tool or adjust the runout. Direct clamping can ensure micron-level hole machining accuracy, solving the problem of poor accuracy consistency of welded reamers. After long-term use, when the cutting edge of the reamer head 10 wears down, the user only needs to replace the reamer head 10, instead of the entire reamer assembly, thus directly solving the pain point of discarding the entire tool after its lifespan is reached.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, to improve the tightness of the connection, the inner wall of the first positioning groove 211 is provided with a first thread, and the periphery of the first positioning block 111 is provided with a second thread that matches the first thread; preferably, the first thread and the second thread are standard T-type threads.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the second positioning groove 212 is provided with a third thread, and the periphery of the second positioning block 112 is provided with a fourth thread that matches the third thread. Through the mutual cooperation of the third thread and the fourth thread, the second positioning block 112 and the second positioning groove 212 can be locked together. Preferably, the third thread and the fourth thread are standard T-type threads.

[0030] This configuration allows the reamer head 10 and the reamer rod 20 to be connected and locked via a standard T-thread. Furthermore, the slight elastic deformation of the reamer rod 20 enables dual positioning and dual-sided constraint of the inner and outer cones and end faces of the reamer rod 20 and the reamer head 10.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the cooling inner hole includes a first through hole 30 and a second through hole 31. The first through hole 30 is formed through the cutter head unit 1, and the second through hole 31 is formed through the cutter bar unit 2. The second through hole 31 is connected to the positioning groove structure.

[0032] It should be noted that the first through hole 30 is connected to the second through hole 31.

[0033] In detail, the first through hole 30 is coaxially arranged with the reamer head 10; the second through hole 31 is coaxially arranged with the reamer rod 20.

[0034] It should be noted that coolant can be introduced into the cooling inner hole during the precision machining process.

[0035] This allows for high-pressure chip removal during precision machining, directly spraying cutting fluid into the cutting area through internal cooling holes. During reaming, the chips are small but easily clog the chip grooves. The high-pressure jet rapidly removes the chips from the cutting edge and discharges them along the chip grooves, effectively preventing chips from scratching the machined surface and preventing tool breakage or chipping due to chip clogging. Furthermore, it enables lubrication and cooling, allowing the cutting fluid to reach the hottest part of the cutting zone, forming a boundary lubrication film. This reduces direct contact and friction between the metal and the tool, while also carrying away a significant amount of cutting heat, reducing reamer edge wear, ensuring ideal surface roughness of the hole wall, and maintaining high dimensional accuracy (H7 / H6 grade). Simultaneously, since reamed holes are typically very precise, requiring dimensions on the micrometer scale, excessive temperature fluctuations can cause thermal expansion and contraction of the tool or workpiece, leading to changes in the hole diameter. The internal cooling holes effectively stabilize the cutting zone temperature, ensuring consistent hole diameter and machining reliability.

[0036] Specifically, the reamer head includes a body 101 and a blade assembly 102, the blade assembly 102 including a plurality of cutting edges spaced apart along the circumference of the body.

[0037] The reamer device of the present invention can be applied not only to reamer heads, but also to the modular and rapid installation of milling cutters and boring tools, including the head unit 1 and the shank unit 2. Example 2

[0038] The present invention also discloses a cutting device, including a reamer device as described in Embodiment 1.

[0039] Meanwhile, the cutting equipment also includes a drive unit, and the reamer device is connected to the drive unit to perform cutting operations under the drive of the drive unit.

[0040] This reamer device enables rapid replacement of the reamer head and reduces the amount of raw materials such as cemented carbide and cermet, thereby reducing costs to some extent. At the same time, the short-cone double-sided constraint positioning between the reamer head and the tool holder ensures positioning stability and good connection strength, improving machining accuracy. The docking port size of the tool head unit and the tool holder unit is standardized, and three specifications of short-cone interface are used for connection, thus adapting to almost all sizes of tool heads in the D8-D16 diameter range.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0042] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A reamer device, characterized in that: include, A cutting head unit includes a reamer head and a first connecting part, wherein the reamer head and the first connecting part are coaxially connected, and the reamer head and the first connecting part are made of cemented carbide or metal-ceramic material; The tool holder unit includes a reamer rod and a second connecting part, the second connecting part being coaxially connected to the reamer rod; the reamer rod and the second connecting part are made of alloy steel, the second connecting part is matched with the first connecting part, and the second connecting part is detachably connected to the first connecting part; through the elastic deformation of the tool holder unit, the tool holder unit and the cutter head unit are positioned by both the conical surface and the end face; after installation, the radial runout distance of the reamer head is ≤3μ; A cooling unit is formed in the cutter head unit and the cutter bar unit, the cooling unit including a cooling inner hole.

2. The reamer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting part includes a first connecting block and a positioning block assembly, the positioning block assembly being disposed on the first connecting block at one end away from the reamer head; the second connecting part includes a second connecting block and a positioning groove structure, the positioning groove structure matching the positioning block assembly, the positioning groove structure being located on the second connecting block at one end away from the reamer rod.

3. A reamer device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning block assembly includes a first positioning block and a second positioning block coaxially connected, and the positioning groove structure includes a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove coaxially arranged; the first positioning block cooperates with the first positioning groove; and the second positioning block cooperates with the second positioning groove.

4. A reamer device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first positioning block is configured as a 1:10 tapered block, and the first positioning groove is configured as a 1:10 inner tapered hole; the inner wall of the first positioning groove is provided with a first thread, and the first positioning block is provided with a second thread that matches the first thread.

5. A reamer device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the second positioning groove is provided with a third thread, and the second positioning block is provided with a fourth thread that matches the third thread.

6. A reamer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling inner hole includes a first through hole and a second through hole, the first through hole being formed in the cutter head unit and the second through hole being formed in the cutter bar unit; the first through hole and the second through hole are connected.

7. A reamer device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first through hole is coaxially arranged with the reamer head; the second through hole is coaxially arranged with the reamer rod.

8. A reamer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Coolant is introduced into the cooling inner hole.

9. A reamer device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The reamer head includes a body and a blade assembly, the blade assembly including a plurality of cutting edges spaced apart circumferentially along the body.

10. A cutting device, characterized in that: Includes a reamer device as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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