Fixture for grinding hole in long shaft

Abstract

The utility model provides a clamp for grinding a hole in a long shaft, and belongs to the technical field of machinery. The problem of how to ensure the mounting stability of the long-shaft workpiece and reduce the rejection rate is solved. The clamp for hole grinding in the long shaft comprises a speed reducer and a positioning seat which are oppositely arranged, a driving piece with a downward driving end is arranged on the positioning seat, a rotating mechanism which is connected with a driving shaft of the speed reducer and used for driving the long shaft to rotate is arranged on the speed reducer, a center shaft is further fixed in the driving shaft of the speed reducer, and the center shaft is connected with the positioning seat. And the rotating mechanism is arranged around the center shaft. The clamp for grinding the hole in the long shaft can reduce the rejection rate while ensuring the mounting stability of a long shaft workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of machinery and relates to a clamp used for grinding holes in long shafts. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, internal hole grinding processing of long-axis workpieces often requires clamping and positioning both ends of the long-axis workpiece, and then drilling a hole at one end of the long-axis workpiece with a tool. The clamping mechanism currently used generally includes two relatively arranged reducers and positioning seats. The driving end of the reducer is arranged toward the positioning seat and a multi-jaw chuck driven by a cylinder is installed on the driving end of the reducer. At the same time, a positioning cylinder is vertically installed on the positioning seat with the driving end facing downward.

[0003] During application, a worker places one end of a long-axis workpiece in a multi-jaw chuck, and uses a cylinder to drive each driving claw in the multi-jaw chuck to clamp one end of the long axis. At the same time, the driving end of the driving cylinder presses the other end of the long axis against the positioning seat, thereby achieving positioning of both ends of the long-axis workpiece.

[0004] However, in the actual processing process, the force exerted by the tool on the long-axis workpiece will be continuously transmitted to the multi-jaw chuck through the long-axis workpiece. In this process, due to the tight fit between each driving claw and the outer wall of the long-axis workpiece, the long-axis workpiece will be caused to move in the axial direction, which will cause the workpiece grinding hole to fail to meet the actual manufacturing standards. At the same time, the outer wall of the long-axis workpiece will be scratched by the multi-jaw chuck, resulting in an increase in the scrap rate. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the above problems in the existing technology and to propose a fixture for grinding holes in long shafts. The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: how to ensure the installation stability of the long shaft workpiece while reducing the scrap rate.

[0006] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a fixture for grinding holes in long shafts, comprising a reducer and a positioning seat arranged relatively to each other, the positioning seat being provided with a driving member with a driving end facing downward, characterized in that the reducer is provided with a rotating mechanism connected to the driving shaft of the reducer and used to drive the long shaft to rotate, a top shaft is also fixed in the driving shaft of the reducer, and the rotating mechanism is arranged around the top shaft.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the clamp for grinding holes in long shafts has the following advantages: one end of the long shaft workpiece is lifted by a positioning seat, and the driving end of the driving member is pressed against the positioning seat to achieve preliminary positioning of one end of the long shaft workpiece, while the other end of the long shaft workpiece is clamped by a rotating mechanism, and the rotating mechanism is driven by a reducer, so that the rotating mechanism can drive the long shaft workpiece to rotate, and the end of the long shaft workpiece pressed by the driving member is ground by a tool to achieve hole opening processing on the workpiece. On this basis, a center spindle is provided on the driving shaft of the reducer, and the end of the long shaft workpiece clamped by the rotating mechanism is firmly pressed by the center spindle, and the positioning seat and the driving member on the positioning seat are cooperated to ensure the positioning of both ends of the long shaft workpiece. During the hole processing process, the end-end pressing method is adopted to replace the clamping method in the prior art, so as to avoid excessive sliding friction causing the outer wall of the long shaft workpiece to be scratched by the driving claw, and at the same time, it can also ensure the stable placement of the long shaft workpiece and avoid axial movement of the long shaft workpiece during the hole processing process.

[0008] In the above-mentioned fixture for grinding holes in long shafts, the rotating mechanism includes an annular chuck and at least two plate-shaped driving claws that are oppositely arranged. The outer wall of the chuck has at least two positioning rods that are circumferentially spaced apart. One side of one of the driving claws and the other side of the outer wall of the other driving claw have sliding surfaces, and the sliding surfaces are inclined from one end close to the positioning seat to an end close to the reducer. The chuck is located between the two driving claws and makes each of the positioning rods abut against each of the sliding surfaces accordingly. With regard to the clamping and positioning of the long-axis workpiece by the rotating mechanism, one end of the long-axis workpiece is clamped by a ring-shaped chuck, and then the two positioning rods on the outer wall of the chuck are abutted against the outer walls of the two driving claws. At the same time, due to the inclined sliding surface on the outer wall of each driving claw, when the reducer drives the driving claws to rotate, the two guide rods can move a certain distance along the guide surface toward the reducer. Therefore, the end of the long-axis workpiece is continuously pressed against the top shaft, thereby ensuring the stable installation of the long-axis workpiece in the axial direction.

[0009] In the above-mentioned fixture for grinding inner holes of long shafts, each of the driving claws has a sliding surface on one side of the outer wall and also has a positioning surface adjacent to the sliding surface and in a planar shape, and the positioning rod can slide along the sliding surface and abut against the positioning surface. Through this arrangement, the positioning rod can slide along the sliding surface and finally abut against the positioning surface, thereby limiting the tightness between the long shaft workpiece and the top shaft, so as to avoid excessive reaction force causing the long shaft workpiece to be over-extruded by the top shaft and deformed.

[0010] In the above-mentioned fixture for grinding holes in long shafts, the rotating mechanism further includes a flange and a connecting ring located on a side plate of the flange, the flange is screwed and fixed to the drive shaft by fasteners, a plurality of fixing seats arranged around the connecting ring are circumferentially arranged on the flange, and the connecting ring is detachably connected to each of the fixing seats by a latch, and each of the driving claws is detachably connected to the connecting ring by a fastener. By connecting the driving claw, the connecting ring and the flange to the drive shaft of the reducer in a detachable manner, it is ensured that each component can be individually disassembled and replaced when a fault occurs.

[0011] In the above-mentioned fixture for grinding inner holes of long shafts, a fixing hole is provided on the side wall of each fixing seat, and a plurality of connecting holes are provided on the outer wall of the connecting ring along the circumferential direction, and each connecting hole corresponds to each fixing hole position one by one, and each latch passes through the fixing hole in sequence and is embedded in the connecting hole. The connecting ring is specifically detachably connected to the connecting seat on the flange by means of latch plugging, and as a further preferred solution, a plurality of receiving grooves can be provided on the side of the connecting ring facing the flange, and an assembly groove corresponding to each receiving groove can be provided on the flange, and a plurality of springs are provided, one end of each spring is pressed against the wall of the receiving groove, and the other end is pressed against the wall of the installation groove, and under the guiding action of the receiving groove and the wall of the assembly groove on the spring, the axial direction of the connecting ring long shaft workpiece is guided.

[0012] In the above-mentioned fixture for grinding holes in long shafts, the flange is annular, a mounting channel is provided in the driving shaft along the axial direction, and the top shaft is clamped and fixed in the mounting channel and passes through the flange and the connecting ring, thereby ensuring stable installation of the top shaft and avoiding interference between the top shaft and the flange and the connecting ring.

[0013] In the above-mentioned fixture for grinding holes in long shafts, the positioning seat includes a mounting plate, a positioning block, and a positioning plate arranged vertically and having a positioning slot on the top. The positioning block is detachably connected to the top of the positioning plate and is located on one side of the positioning slot. The mounting plate and the positioning block are detachably connected. The driving member is fixed to the mounting plate and the driving end is located directly above the positioning slot. The long shaft workpiece is positioned in the positioning slot under the action of the driving member. At the same time, the mounting plate, the positioning block, and the positioning plate are assembled in a detachable connection manner to ensure that the height adjustment of the positioning seat can be achieved for long shaft workpieces of different sizes, to ensure the coaxiality of the two ends of the workpiece, and to ensure the universality of the fixture.

[0014] In the above-mentioned fixture for grinding holes in long shafts, two strip grooves are provided on the plate surface of the positioning plate facing the reducer and are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the driving member, and each of the strip grooves is connected to the positioning groove, and a lifting block in the shape of a strip and extending into the positioning groove is detachably connected to each of the strip grooves. By setting the lifting block, the end of the long shaft workpiece positioned on the positioning seat can ensure higher stability, and prevent the long shaft workpiece from shaking during processing due to the mismatch between the shape of the long shaft workpiece and the positioning groove.

[0015] In the above-mentioned fixture for long shaft inner hole grinding, a strip hole is opened on the outer wall of each lifting block along the length direction, and locking holes are opened on both sides of the positioning plate. Each lifting block passes through the strip hole through a bolt and is screwed with the positioning plate, and a locking piece is screwed in each locking hole against the outer wall of the lifting block. Each lifting block can cooperate with the strip hole on its own outer wall through a bolt, so that the length of the lifting block extending into the positioning groove can be adjusted, ensuring the positioning stability of long shaft workpieces of different sizes. At the same time, the locking hole cooperates with the locking piece to further ensure the installation stability of each lifting block.

[0016] In the above-mentioned fixture for grinding holes in long shafts, the fixture for grinding holes in long shafts also includes a bottom plate in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, the positioning seat is fixed to one end of the bottom plate surface, and the other end of the bottom plate surface is fixed with a slide rail along the length direction, and the reducer is slidably connected to the slide rail and can be positioned. Thus, each reducer can slide relative to the positioning seat on the bottom plate, so that the distance between the reducer and the positioning seat can be adjusted, thereby ensuring that the fixture can be used for long shaft workpieces of different lengths.

[0017] Compared with the existing technology, the fixture for long shaft inner hole grinding has the following advantages:

[0018] One end of the long axis is pressed against the positioning seat through the driving member on it, and the other end of the long axis workpiece is clamped by the rotating mechanism on the reducer. The reducer drives the clamping device to realize the driven rotation of the long axis workpiece. At the same time, the end of the long axis workpiece clamped by the clamping device is tightened by the top shaft installed in the driving circle of the reducer, thereby avoiding the risk of scratching the outer wall of the long axis workpiece in the prior art, and at the same time, it can also avoid the long axis workpiece from moving in the axial direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixture used for grinding holes in long shafts.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the fixture used for grinding holes in long shafts.

[0021] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flange.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the connecting ring.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving claw.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the chuck.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning seat.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the positioning plate.

[0027] In the figure, 1, reducer; 11, driving shaft; 111, top shaft; 112, installation channel; 12, rotating mechanism; 121, chuck; 1211, positioning rod; 122, driving claw; 1221, sliding surface; 1222, positioning surface; 123, flange; 1231, fixing seat; 12311, fixing hole; 124, connecting ring; 1241, connecting hole;

[0028] 2. Positioning seat; 21. Driving member; 22. Mounting plate; 23. Positioning block; 24. Positioning plate; 241. Positioning groove; 242. Strip groove; 243. Locking hole;

[0029] 3. Latch;

[0030] 4. Lifting block; 41. Strip hole;

[0031] 5. Bottom plate; 51. Slide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the fixture for grinding holes in long shafts comprises a bottom plate 5 in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, a positioning seat 2 is fixed to one end of the bottom plate 5, a slide rail 51 is fixed to the other end of the bottom plate 5 along the length direction, and a reducer 1 is slidably connected to the slide rail 51 and driven by a cylinder to slide on the slide rail 51 toward or away from the positioning seat 2. Figure 2 As shown, the drive shaft 11 of the reducer 1 is arranged toward the positioning seat 2 and has an installation channel 112 axially opened inside. A top shaft 111 with a conical front end is clamped and fixed in the installation channel 112 of the drive shaft 11.

[0034] Combination Figure 3-6The rotating mechanism 12 specifically includes an annular chuck 121, a flange 123 and a connecting ring 124. The flange 123 is fixed to the drive shaft 11 of the reducer 1 by a plurality of bolts. Two fixing seats 1231 symmetrically arranged around the center of the flange 123 are arranged on the plate surface of the flange 123 in the axial direction. Each fixing seat 1231 is in a rectangular block shape and has a fixing hole 12311 on the side wall. One end of the connecting ring 124 is against the outer wall of the flange 123 and the outer wall The connecting ring 124 abuts against the two fixing seats 1231, and two connecting holes 1241 corresponding to the fixing holes 12311 are formed on the outer wall of the connecting ring 124. The connecting ring 124 is positioned on the flange 123 through the two fixing seats 1231 through one end of the plug 3. 2, an assembly hole is opened in the length direction of the inner side, and the driving claw 122 is fixed on the connecting ring 124 by bolts, and the two driving claws 122 are arranged opposite to each other along the axial direction of the connecting ring 124, and a sliding surface 1221 inclined inwardly is formed on one side outer wall of one driving claw 122 and the other side outer wall of the other driving claw 122 along the length direction, and the two driving claws 122 are also provided with a positioning surface 1222 adjacent to the sliding surface 1221 and in a plane shape on the outer wall of the side, and the chuck 121 is located between the two driving claws 122, and two symmetrically arranged positioning rods 1211 are integrally formed on the outer side wall along the circumferential direction, and the two positioning rods 1211 are respectively against the sliding surfaces 1221 on the two driving claws 122, and in addition, a tightening hole penetrating through the inner wall is opened on the outer wall of the chuck 121, and a tightening bolt is screwed in the tightening hole, and one end of the top shaft 111 passes through the flange 123 and the connecting ring 124 and is arranged opposite to the chuck 121.

[0035] As a further preferred scheme, two through holes symmetrically arranged along the circumferential direction are opened on the outer wall of the chuck 121, and a bolt is threaded in each through hole, a plurality of assembly grooves arranged at intervals are opened along the circumferential direction on the upper edge of the flange 123, and a plurality of guide grooves are opened along the circumferential direction on the end of the connecting ring 124 that abuts against the flange 123, each guide groove corresponds to the position of each assembly groove one by one, and a plurality of springs are arranged between the connecting ring 124 and the flange 123, one end of each spring is correspondingly embedded in the assembly groove and abuts against the bottom wall of the assembly groove, and the other end is correspondingly embedded in the guide groove and abuts against the bottom wall of the guide groove, thereby performing elastic correction on the connecting ring 124 in the circumferential direction of the long-axis workpiece to prevent the connecting ring 124 from positional displacement.

[0036] Combination Figure 7 and Figure 8The positioning seat 2 includes a mounting plate 22, a positioning block 23 and a positioning plate 24 vertically fixed on the bottom plate 5. The top of the positioning plate 24 is provided with an arc-shaped positioning groove 241. The positioning block 23 is screwed to the top of the positioning plate 24 by bolts and is located on one side of the positioning groove 241. The mounting plate 22 is horizontally arranged and one end of the plate surface is screwed to the positioning block 23 by bolts, and the other end of the mounting plate 22 is screwed to a driving member 21 with a driving end located just above the mounting groove by bolts. Specifically, it is a cylinder, and it can also be a hydraulic cylinder. The positioning plate 24 is provided with a plate surface on one side facing the reducer 1. There are two strip grooves 242 symmetrically arranged along the driving direction of the driving member 21, and each strip groove 242 is provided with a long strip-shaped lifting block 4. A strip hole 41 is opened on the side wall of each lifting block 4 along the length direction, and the lifting block 4 is fixed with a threaded hole opened on the inner bottom wall of the strip groove 242 through a bolt passing through the strip hole 41, and one end of the lifting block 4 is extended into the positioning groove 241, and locking holes 243 connected with the strip groove 242 are opened on both sides of the positioning plate 24, and a tightening bolt that is tightened to the other end of the lifting block 4 is screwed in each locking hole 243.

[0037] Working principle: The chuck 121 is sleeved on one end of the long-axis workpiece, and one end of the long-axis workpiece is pressed against the chuck 121 through the bolt and the through hole on the chuck 121, and then the chuck 121 is placed between the two driving claws 122, so that the two positioning rods 1211 are respectively against the sliding surfaces 1221 on the two driving claws 122, and at the same time, the other end of the long-axis workpiece is placed on the positioning plate 24 and against each lifting block 4, and the driving end of the driving member 21 is moved downward to press the end of the long-axis workpiece against each lifting block 4, and at the same time, the driving shaft 11 of the reducer 1 rotates forward to drive the chuck 121 to rotate, so that each positioning rod 1211 slides along the sliding surface 1221. In this state, the long-axis workpiece as a whole is continuously Close to the top shaft 111, so that one end of the long-axis workpiece with a chuck 121 outside the long-axis workpiece is pressed against the top shaft 111 until the positioning rod 1211 slides onto the positioning surface 1222, ensuring that the long-axis workpiece will no longer move toward the top shaft 111. At this time, one end of the long-axis workpiece is pressed against the top shaft 111, and the other end is pressed against each lifting block 4 by the driving member 21. At this time, the reducer 1 rotates normally, so that the tool grinds the hole of the long-axis workpiece on the end pressed by the driving member 21. On the contrary, when it is necessary to take out the long-axis workpiece, it is only necessary to control the driving shaft 11 of the reducer 1 to flip so that the long-axis workpiece can be gradually retreated. After the driving end of the driving member 21 is reset, the long-axis workpiece equipped with the chuck 121 is taken out and the chuck 121 can be disassembled.

[0038] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0039] Although this article uses more terms such as reducer 1, drive shaft 11, top shaft 111, installation channel 112, rotating mechanism 12, chuck 121, positioning rod 1211, drive claw 122, sliding surface 1221, positioning surface 1222, flange 123, fixing seat 1231, fixing hole 12311, connecting ring 124, connecting hole 1241, positioning seat 2, driving member 21, mounting plate 22, positioning block 23, positioning plate 24, positioning groove 241, strip groove 242, locking hole 243, latch 3, lifting block 4, strip hole 41 bottom plate 5, slide rail 51, etc., it does not exclude the possibility of using other terms. The use of these terms is only for more convenient description and explanation of the essence of the utility model; interpreting them as any additional restrictions is contrary to the spirit of the utility model.

Claims

1. A fixture for grinding a hole in a long shaft, comprising a reducer (1) and a positioning seat (2) arranged opposite to each other, wherein a driving member (21) with a driving end facing downward is provided on the positioning seat (2), characterized in that: The reducer (1) is provided with a rotating mechanism (12) connected to the driving shaft (11) of the reducer (1) and used to drive the long shaft to rotate. A top shaft (111) is also fixed inside the driving shaft (11) of the reducer (1), and the rotating mechanism (12) is arranged around the top shaft (111).

2. The fixture for inner hole grinding of a long shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (12) comprises an annular chuck (121) and at least two plate-shaped driving claws (122) arranged opposite to each other. The outer wall of the chuck (121) is provided with at least two positioning rods (1211) arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction. A sliding surface (1221) is provided on one side of one of the driving claws (122) and on the other side of the outer wall of the other driving claw (122). The sliding surface (1221) is inclined from an end close to the positioning seat (2) to an end close to the reducer (1). The chuck (121) is located between the two driving claws (122) and enables each of the positioning rods (1211) to abut against each of the sliding surfaces (1221) accordingly.

3. The fixture for inner hole grinding of a long shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the driving claws (122) has a sliding surface (1221) and an outer wall thereof, which is adjacent to the sliding surface (1221) and is in a planar shape. The positioning rod (1211) can slide along the sliding surface (1221) and abut against the positioning surface (1222).

4. The fixture for inner hole grinding of a long shaft according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (12) further comprises a flange (123) and a connecting ring (124) located on a side plate surface of the flange (123); the flange (123) is screwed and fixed to the driving shaft (11) by means of fasteners; a plurality of fixing seats (1231) arranged around the connecting ring (124) are circumferentially arranged on the flange (123); the connecting ring (124) and each of the fixing seats (1231) are detachably connected by means of a latch (3); and each of the driving claws (122) is detachably connected to the connecting ring (124) by means of fasteners.

5. The fixture for inner hole grinding of a long shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixing hole (12311) is provided on the side wall of each fixing seat (1231), and a plurality of connecting holes (1241) are provided on the outer wall of the connecting ring (124) along the circumferential direction, and each connecting hole (1241) corresponds to each fixing hole (12311) in position, and each latch (3) passes through the fixing hole (12311) in sequence and is embedded in the connecting hole (1241).

6. The fixture for inner hole grinding of a long shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flange (123) is annular, and a mounting channel (112) is axially provided in the drive shaft (11). The top shaft (111) is clamped and fixed in the mounting channel (112) and passes through the flange (123) and the connecting ring (124).

7. The fixture for inner hole grinding of a long shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The positioning seat (2) comprises a mounting plate (22), a positioning block (23), and a positioning plate (24) arranged vertically and having a positioning groove (241) on the top; the positioning block (23) is detachably connected to the top of the positioning plate (24) and is located on one side of the positioning groove (241); the mounting plate (22) and the positioning block (23) are detachably connected; the driving member (21) is fixed on the mounting plate (22) so that the driving end is located directly above the positioning groove (241).

8. The fixture for inner hole grinding of a long shaft according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positioning plate (24) has two strip grooves (242) symmetrically arranged along the axis of the driving member (21) on a side plate surface facing the reducer (1), and each of the strip grooves (242) is connected to the positioning groove (241), and each of the strip grooves (242) is detachably connected to a strip-shaped lifting block (4) extending into the positioning groove (241).

9. The fixture for inner hole grinding of a long shaft according to claim 8, characterized in that: A strip hole (41) is provided on the outer wall of each lifting block (4) along the length direction, and locking holes (243) are provided on both sides of the positioning plate (24). Each lifting block (4) is screwed to the positioning plate (24) through a bolt passing through the strip hole (41), and is screwed to the positioning plate (24). A locking piece is screwed into each locking hole (243) and pressed against the outer wall of the lifting block (4).

10. The fixture for inner hole grinding of a long shaft according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixture for grinding a hole in a long shaft also includes a bottom plate (5) in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, the positioning seat (2) is fixed to one end of the bottom plate (5), the other end of the bottom plate (5) is fixedly provided with a slide rail (51) along the length direction, and the reducer (1) is slidably connected to the slide rail (51) and can be positioned.

Images