Soil-covering-free ecological restoration structure for closed beach face of tailing pond

Abstract

A growth layer I and a germination layer I are laid on the closed beach face of the tailing pond, a plurality of vegetation bags are embedded in the closed beach face of the tailing pond at intervals, each vegetation bag is of an inner-layer and outer-layer bag-shaped structure with the top open, and a growth cavity with the top open is formed in the inner face layer of each vegetation bag. The outer surface layer of the vegetation bag surrounds the inner surface layer, the bottom edge of the outer surface layer is fixedly connected with the bottom edge of the inner surface layer, a moisturizing and heat insulation cavity is formed between the outer surface layer and the inner surface layer of the vegetation bag, the growth cavity is filled with a growth layer II and a germination layer II from bottom to top, and the moisturizing and heat insulation cavity is filled with moisturizing cotton. The beach face is covered with the growth layer I and the germination layer I, the vegetation bags are buried on the beach face at intervals, the vegetation coverage rate is guaranteed, meanwhile, the vegetation bags can avoid loss of base materials, and the defects that an existing vegetation bag is single in function and poor in moisture preservation and heat insulation performance are overcome through the composite structure and filler configuration of the vegetation bags. The device has the advantages of being simple in structure, good in moisture preservation and heat insulation performance, high in vegetation coverage rate after restoration and long in service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of mine ecological restoration, and specifically relates to a tailings pond closed reservoir beach surface non-covering ecological restoration structure with simple structure, good moisture retention and heat insulation, high vegetation coverage rate after restoration and long maintenance life. Background Art

[0002] Tailings are the waste residues produced by the ore mining plant after the valuable concentrate is selected from the ore from the metal or non-metal mine. Tailings ponds are places where slag is piled up. They are usually huge in quantity and occupy a large area of ​​land, which will cause serious ecological damage to the area. In particular, most of the existing large and medium-sized tailings ponds in my country are valley-type tailings ponds. Affected by the terrain, the wind force and wind speed in the valley are greater than those in other parts. In this case, it is easy to cause sand blowing, thus forming an artificial desert, which not only causes serious damage to the local ecological environment, but also harms the safe production of the tailings pond and the health of the surrounding personnel. Therefore, the greening of the tailings pond is particularly important and necessary.

[0003] At present, the beach of tailings pond is generally greened by planting trees and grass, which can not only green the environment, but also prevent wind and sand to prevent soil erosion and increase the safety of tailings pond. However, it is common in the prior art to use soil covering greening as a means of repairing the beach of tailings pond, which mainly covers with imported soil, that is, soil is dug from other places to cover the original tailings, and then plants are planted for greening, which is similar to "taking money from one place to pay for another". Although the imported soil technology temporarily solves the ecological restoration of the tailings pond, it not only wastes soil resources, but also fails to solve the problem of tailings storage from the source, and the covering soil is also easy to be gradually lost due to dust, water erosion and infiltration, and the covering soil is directly piled on the tailings surface. It is also easy to affect the pH due to tailings infiltration, resulting in a short maintenance life of the tailings pond after greening. To this end, the prior art also has a method of sequentially laying vegetation bags filled with growth substrates on the tailings pond beach, thereby solving the problem of the substrate being gradually lost due to dust, water scouring and infiltration, and further filling the vegetation bags with a mixed substrate improved by tailings, thereby solving the problem of soil resource waste. However, laying vegetation bags filled with growth substrates on the tailings pond beach in sequence not only requires a large amount of vegetation bags, resulting in a high cost of regreening, but also requires a large amount of filling work because each bag needs to be filled with a mixed substrate, resulting in a high labor cost and low construction efficiency; and ordinary vegetation bags are mostly single bags sewn from organic polymer materials, so they can neither block the heat conduction effect of the tailings pond beach and have poor moisture retention, nor prevent the tailings from penetrating into the vegetation bags and affecting the pH of the substrate. In addition, in the prior art, there is a method of using anti-seepage fabric to make the bottom surface of the vegetation bag or a special anti-seepage layer formed by anti-seepage material at the bottom of the bag, and then filling the bottom surface of the vegetation bag or the anti-seepage layer with a mixed matrix, thereby maintaining the functions of ordinary vegetation bags and overcoming the anti-seepage and heat-insulating problems lacking in ordinary vegetation bags; however, the vegetation bag with anti-seepage fabric as the bottom surface generally has poor air permeability and affects plant growth. Although the anti-seepage layer can maintain basic air permeability, the mixed matrix directly covering it can easily cause the mixed matrix to enter the anti-seepage material, thereby affecting the anti-seepage and heat-insulating properties of the anti-seepage layer. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a tailings pond closed beach surface non-covering ecological restoration structure which has a simple structure, good moisture retention and heat insulation, high vegetation coverage rate after restoration and long maintenance life.

[0005] The utility model is implemented as follows: a growth layer I and a bud layer I are laid from bottom to top on the closed beach of the tailings pond, a plurality of vegetation bags with the tops of the bud layer I exposed are buried at intervals in the horizontal and vertical directions on the closed beach of the tailings pond, the vegetation bag is an inner and outer two-layer bag-like structure with an open top, the inner surface layer of the vegetation bag forms a growth cavity with an open top, the outer layer of the vegetation bag surrounds the inner surface layer and the bottom edge of the outer layer is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the inner surface layer, a moisture-retaining and heat-insulating cavity is formed between the outer layer and the inner surface layer of the vegetation bag, the growth cavity is filled with a growth layer II and a bud layer II from bottom to top, and the moisture-retaining and heat-insulating cavity is filled with moisture-retaining cotton.

[0006] Furthermore, the moisture-retaining and heat-insulating cavity is an open structure at the top surrounding the growth cavity, or the outer layer of the moisture-retaining and heat-insulating cavity is fixedly connected to the top edge of the inner layer to form a closed structure surrounding the growth cavity.

[0007] Furthermore, the thickness of the bud layer I and the bud layer II are respectively 2 to 5 cm, and the thickness of the growth layer I and the growth layer II are 13 to 20 cm.

[0008] Furthermore, the germination layer I and the germination layer II are formed by a mixture of vegetation seeds and germination substrate, or the germination layer I and the germination layer II are formed by filling the germination substrate and the vegetation seeds are sown in the top holes; the growth layer I and the growth layer II are formed by filling the vegetation substrate.

[0009] Furthermore, the moisture-retaining cotton is composed of one or more layers of super absorbent fibers, and the outer layer and inner layer of the vegetation bag are made of non-woven geotextiles made of PET or PP.

[0010] Furthermore, the horizontal and vertical spacings between the vegetation bags on the closed beach of the tailings pond are 100 to 200 cm, the diameter of the growth cavity of the vegetation bag after being filled with the substrate is 10 to 20 cm, and the diameter of the moisture-retaining and heat-insulating cavity of the vegetation bag after being filled with moisture-retaining cotton is 20 to 30 cm.

[0011] Furthermore, the closed beach surface of the tailings pond is covered with a shade net on the vegetation bags and germination layer I, and the shade net is fixedly connected to the outer layer and / or inner layer of each vegetation bag on the closed beach surface of the tailings pond.

[0012] Furthermore, the shade net is fixedly connected to the outer layer and / or inner layer of the vegetation bag by means of binding tapes or staples.

[0013] Furthermore, the germination substrates of the germination layer I and the germination layer II are the same or different, and the planting substrates of the growth layer I and the growth layer II are the same.

[0014] Furthermore, the vegetation seeds include one or any combination of Setaria viridis, Goosegrass, and Bidens pilosa.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0016] 1. The utility model covers the growth layer I and the bud layer I on the closed beach of the tailings pond. By fully covering the growth layer I and the bud layer I, it can effectively ensure that the beach after greening has a high coverage rate; and a number of vegetation bags are buried at intervals on the beach, which can not only greatly reduce the amount of vegetation bags used in the beach greening project, thereby effectively reducing the greening cost and labor cost, and can significantly improve the construction efficiency of the greening project, but also through the composite structure, filler configuration and burial method of the vegetation bags, it can overcome the shortcomings of the existing vegetation bags of single function and poor moisture retention and heat insulation, and the vegetation bags buried on the beach can also prevent the matrix therein from being gradually lost due to dust, water scouring and infiltration, and finally form a long-term and stable repair effect.

[0017] 2. According to the characteristics of different growth stages of plants, the utility model stacks different substrates mixed with tailings as the main raw material on the beach to form growth layer I and sprout layer I, and at the same time fills different substrates mixed with tailings as the main raw material in the vegetation bag to form growth layer II and sprout layer II, which can not only replace natural soil and protect natural soil resources, but also consume solid waste stored in the mining area, thereby realizing soilless greening of the beach of the tailings pond and realizing "greening with waste"; and the use of sprout substrates with tailings as the main raw material in sprout layer I and sprout layer II can improve the germination rate and survival rate of seeds, and the use of vegetation substrates with tailings as the main raw material in growth layer I and growth layer II can reduce costs and increase the amount of tailings, and can also provide sufficient nutrition supply for long-term growth of plants.

[0018] 3. The vegetation bag of the utility model adopts an inner and outer double-layer bag structure with an open top, and the moisture-retaining cotton is filled in the moisture-retaining and heat-insulating cavity surrounding the growth cavity. It can not only maintain the functions of ordinary vegetation bags, but also overcome the problems of anti-seepage and heat-insulating that ordinary vegetation bags lack, and also has good air permeability to facilitate plant growth. The structure of setting the inner and outer double cavities to be filled with matrix and moisture-retaining cotton respectively can prevent the matrix from entering the anti-seepage material, thereby effectively ensuring the anti-seepage and heat-insulating properties of the moisture-retaining cotton.

[0019] In summary, the utility model has the characteristics of simple structure, good moisture retention and heat insulation, high vegetation coverage rate after restoration and long maintenance life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Partial magnification;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the production of the plant bag of the utility model;

[0024] In the figure: 1-growth layer I, 2-germination layer I, 3-vegetation bag, 31-growth cavity, 32-moisture-insulating cavity, 33-growth layer II, 34-germination layer II, 35-moisture-retaining cotton, 4-tailings pond closed beach, 5-shade net, 6-nails, 7-vegetation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited in any way. Any changes or improvements made based on the teachings of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the closed beach surface 4 of the tailings pond of the utility model is paved with a growth layer Ⅰ1 and a bud layer Ⅰ2 from bottom to top, and a plurality of vegetation bags 3 with the tops exposed to the bud layer Ⅰ2 are buried at intervals in the horizontal and vertical directions on the closed beach surface 4 of the tailings pond. The vegetation bag 3 is an inner and outer two-layer bag-like structure with an open top, and the inner surface layer of the vegetation bag 3 forms a growth cavity 31 with an open top, and the outer layer of the vegetation bag 3 surrounds the inner surface layer and the bottom edge of the outer layer is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the inner surface layer, and a moisturizing and heat-insulating cavity 32 is formed between the outer layer and the inner layer of the vegetation bag 3, and the growth cavity 31 is filled with a growth layer Ⅱ 33 and a bud layer Ⅱ 34 from bottom to top, and the moisturizing and heat-insulating cavity 32 is filled with moisturizing cotton 35.

[0027] The moisturizing and heat-insulating cavity 32 is an open-top structure surrounding the growth cavity 31 , or the outer layer of the moisturizing and heat-insulating cavity 32 is fixedly connected to the top edge of the inner layer to form a closed structure surrounding the growth cavity 31 .

[0028] The thickness of the bud layer I2 and the bud layer II34 are respectively 2 to 5 cm, and the thickness of the growth layer I1 and the growth layer II33 are 13 to 20 cm.

[0029] The germination layer I2 and the germination layer II34 are formed by a mixture of vegetation seeds and germination substrates, or the germination layer I2 and the germination layer II34 are formed by filling germination substrates and the top holes are sown with vegetation seeds; the growth layer I1 and the growth layer II33 are formed by filling vegetation substrates.

[0030] The germination substrate includes the following components by weight: 100 parts of copper tailings, 2-6 parts of low-alkali cement, 15-25 parts of bagasse, 0.3-0.5 parts of granulating agent, 0.08-0.15 parts of water retaining agent, 0.3-0.5 parts of pH regulator, and 4-8 parts of organic fertilizer. Adding a certain proportion of plant fiber and granulating agent to the tailings effectively improves the pore conditions and aggregate structure of the original tailings. The appropriate amount of low-alkali cement increases the cohesiveness of the original tailings, but also causes the pH value of the substrate to be high. The addition of pH regulator effectively neutralizes the alkaline environment of the substrate, and the addition of organic fertilizer provides sufficient nutritional conditions for the substrate. Therefore, the improved germination substrate soil has higher properties, and its content of heavy metals is significantly lower than that of the original mine tailings powder, while the nutrient content and aggregate structure are significantly improved, providing more favorable environmental conditions for seed germination.

[0031] The vegetation substrate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of copper tailings, 6-12 parts of low-alkali cement, 2-6 parts of bagasse, 0.4-0.8 parts of granulating agent, 0.05-0.15 parts of water retaining agent, 0.6-1.2 parts of pH regulator, and 3-6 parts of organic fertilizer. Compared with the germination substrate, the vegetation growth substrate has lower soil-like properties, higher heavy metal content, and lower nutrients, but it has higher strength characteristics and stronger anti-scouring ability.

[0032] The low-alkali cement, granulating agent, water-retaining agent and pH regulator are commercially available mature greening commercial preparations, and their structures are not described here.

[0033] The organic fertilizer is one or any combination of fermented straw, pig manure, cow manure and chicken manure.

[0034] The moisturizing cotton 35 is composed of one or more layers of super absorbent fiber (PSA), and the outer layer and the inner layer of the vegetation bag 3 are made of non-woven geotextile made of PET or PP.

[0035] The surface density of the super absorbent fiber is 100 to 500 g / m 2 , thickness 5-10cm, water absorption capacity is about 6 times that of cotton or 7 times that of nylon, and the water absorption capacity within 15 seconds can reach 70-100 times of its own weight. After absorbing water, the vegetation moisturizing cotton can be reused by external force, and the water is not easy to flow out automatically; it has good moisture absorption and moisture resistance, moisturizing and heat insulation in summer, and warm and antifreeze in winter.

[0036] The outer layer and the inner layer of the vegetation bag 3 are sewn together with non-woven geotextiles made of PET or PP as raw materials, and the weight of the geotextile is 100-200g / m 2 , tensile strength ≥4.5kN / m, elongation at break ≥40%, the bag material has the functions of acid and alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, freeze-thaw resistance, etc.

[0037] The horizontal and vertical spacings between the vegetation bags 3 on the closed beach 4 of the tailings pond are 100-200 cm, the diameter of the growth cavity 31 of the vegetation bag 3 after being filled with the substrate is 10-20 cm, and the diameter of the moisture-retaining and heat-insulating cavity 32 of the vegetation bag 3 after being filled with the moisture-retaining cotton 35 is 20-30 cm.

[0038] The tailings pond closed beach surface 4 is covered with a shade net 5 on the vegetation bags 3 and the germination layer Ⅰ2, and the shade net 5 is fixedly connected to the outer layer and / or inner layer of each vegetation bag 3 on the tailings pond closed beach surface 4.

[0039] The shade net 5 is fixedly connected to the outer layer and / or inner layer of the vegetation bag 3 by means of binding tapes or staples 6 .

[0040] The germination substrates of the germination layer I2 and the germination layer II34 are the same or different, and the planting substrates of the growth layer I1 and the growth layer II33 are the same.

[0041] The vegetation seeds include one or any combination of Setaria viridis, Goosegrass, and Bidens pilosa.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, the vegetation bag 3 is made of non-woven cotton fiber cloth with a length of 80 to 90 cm and a width of 60 to 70 cm. The short side is first folded in half, and then the long side is folded in half and rolled up. Finally, the short side folding line and the original long side edge are sewn together, and the unsewn side is used as the bag opening of the vegetation bag 3. The outer bag of the finished vegetation bag 3 is used as the moisture-insulating cavity 32, and the inner bag is used as the growth cavity 31. The moisture-insulating cavity 21 has a diameter of 25 to 28.5 cm after being filled with water-absorbing and water-retaining materials, and the growth cavity 31 has a diameter of about 15 cm after being bagged with the matrix.

[0043] Example

[0044] The beach of a copper tailings pond in Yunnan was selected as the test site. The tailings from the local tailings pond were used to prepare the germination substrate and the vegetation substrate according to the material ratios shown in Table 1. At the same time, professional equipment was used to cut the non-woven geotextile as shown in Table 2. Figure 4 The vegetation bag 3 is sewn according to the requirements and the moisturizing cotton 35 is filled into the moisturizing and heat-insulating cavity 32.

[0045] Table 1 Ingredient ratio of each material of the planting base material

[0046]

[0047] Note: The above germination substrate is also mixed with 100g of seeds of three plants: Setaria viridis, Goosegrass, and Bidens pilosa.

[0048] Table 2 Requirements for non-woven fabrics used in making vegetation bags

[0049]

[0050] The configured vegetation substrate and germination substrate are laid on the closed beach surface 4 of the tailings pond from bottom to top in sequence on site to form a growth layer Ⅰ1 with a thickness of 15 to 20 cm and a germination layer Ⅰ2 with a thickness of 2 cm; the vegetation substrate and the germination substrate are respectively loaded into the growth cavity 31 of the vegetation bag 3 to form a growth layer Ⅱ33 with a thickness of 13 to 18 cm and a germination layer Ⅱ34 with a thickness of 2 to 5 cm, and then the vegetation bag 3 is buried in the growth layer Ⅰ1 and the germination layer Ⅰ2 of the closed beach surface 4 of the tailings pond at a spacing of 150 cm in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0051] For comparison, a group of control experiments were conducted on the left and right sides of the experimental area (hereinafter referred to as the experimental group): the left control group (hereinafter referred to as the left control group) used ordinary vegetation bags, filled with modified copper tailings, 100g of foxtail grass, 100g of goosegrass, and 100g of bidens pilosa according to the above thickness, and then buried them on the tailings pond beach. At the same time, the modified copper tailings, 100g of foxtail grass, 100g of goosegrass, and 100g of bidens pilosa were laid on the tailings beach according to the above thickness; the right control group (hereinafter referred to as the right control group) did not use vegetation bags, and the modified copper tailings, 100g of foxtail grass, 100g of goosegrass, and 100g of bidens pilosa were directly laid on the tailings beach according to the above thickness; the lower control group (hereinafter referred to as the lower control group) did not use vegetation bags, did not improve the copper tailings, and 100g of foxtail grass, 100g of goosegrass, and 100g of bidens pilosa were directly laid on the tailings beach.

[0052] After the four groups of experiments were completed, they were watered and maintained for one year under the same conditions, and the germination of plant seeds, vegetation coverage, etc. were observed and recorded.

[0053] As shown in Table 3: 3 days after on-site planting, the seeds in the experimental group, the left control group and the right control group began to germinate. After 5 days of cultivation, the seed germination rate of the three planting areas of the experimental group, the left control group and the right control group basically reached more than 70%, and the overall germination rate of the seeds in the lower control group was extremely low, and the survival rate after germination was also extremely low.

[0054] As shown in Table 4: After one year of cultivation, the vegetation coverage rate of the tailings beach in the experimental group basically reached 80%. As time went by, the coverage rate formed a better biological community. The average plant height of the vegetation exceeded 30 cm and it grew vigorously. Bidens pilosa had bloomed, and the plants in the vegetation bag 3 system grew well. The vegetation coverage rate of the left control group was about 55%, and it was impossible to form a biological community. It had poor resistance to the natural environment, and the plants in the ordinary vegetation bags grew poorly. The vegetation coverage rate of the right control group was about 50%, and it was impossible to form a biological community. It had poor resistance to the natural environment. The lower control group withered and yellowed about 10 days after germination, stopped growing, and dried up.

[0055] Table 3 Plant emergence rate in field planting test

[0056]

[0057] Table 4 Plant coverage of field planting test

[0058]

[0059] The coverage rate of the experimental group is affected by the burial density of the vegetation bag 3. Considering economic rationality, the burial should not be too dense, and the coverage rate should be increased through the gradually formed biological community.

[0060] Since copper tailings contain a lot of toxic and harmful substances and lack nutrients and granular structures for vegetation growth, plants in the control group cannot grow or cannot grow normally. For example, in the left control group, ordinary vegetation bags were used to fill with improved vegetation substrates, but because no moisture-retaining and heat-insulating layer was made, plants in ordinary vegetation bags could not grow normally. Although the beach surface of the improved vegetation substrate provided production conditions for plants for a short time, due to the failure to meet the requirements of heat preservation and moisture retention and the infiltration and contamination of copper tailings, the plants grew poorly after a long time and could not grow continuously, and ultimately could not form a biological community.

[0061] The above is only a preferred specific implementation of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tailings pond closed beach surface without soil cover ecological restoration structure, Features A growth layer I (1) and a bud layer I (2) are laid on the closed beach surface (4) of the tailings pond from bottom to top. A plurality of vegetation bags (3) with the tops of the bud layer I (2) exposed are buried at intervals in the horizontal and vertical directions on the closed beach surface (4) of the tailings pond. The vegetation bags (3) are bag-shaped structures with inner and outer layers open at the top. The inner surface layer of the vegetation bag (3) forms a growth cavity (31) with the top open. The outer surface layer of the vegetation bag (3) surrounds the inner surface layer and the bottom edge of the outer surface layer is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the inner surface layer. A moisture-proof and heat-insulating cavity (32) is formed between the outer surface layer and the inner surface layer of the vegetation bag (3). The growth cavity (31) is filled with a growth layer II (33) and a bud layer II (34) from bottom to top. The moisture-proof and heat-insulating cavity (32) is filled with moisture-proof cotton (35).

2. According to claim 1, the tailings pond closed beach surface without soil cover ecological restoration structure, Features The moisture-retaining and heat-insulating cavity (32) is an open-top structure surrounding the growth cavity (31), or the outer layer of the moisture-retaining and heat-insulating cavity (32) is fixedly connected to the top edge of the inner layer to form a closed structure surrounding the growth cavity (31).

3. According to claim 1, the tailings pond closed beach surface without soil cover ecological restoration structure, Features The thickness of the bud layer I (2) and the bud layer II (34) is 2 to 5 cm respectively, and the thickness of the growth layer I (1) and the growth layer II (33) is 13 to 20 cm.

4. The tailings pond closed beach surface non-covered soil ecological restoration structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, Features The germination layer I (2) and the germination layer II (34) are formed by a mixture of vegetation seeds and germination substrate, or the germination layer I (2) and the germination layer II (34) are formed by a germination substrate and the top holes are planted with vegetation seeds; the growth layer I (1) and the growth layer II (33) are formed by a vegetation substrate.

5. According to claim 4, the tailings pond closed beach surface without soil cover ecological restoration structure, Features The moisturizing cotton (35) is composed of one or more layers of super absorbent fibers stacked together, and the outer layer and inner layer of the vegetation bag (3) are made of non-woven geotextile made of PET or PP.

6. According to claim 4, the tailings pond closed beach surface without soil cover ecological restoration structure, Features The horizontal and vertical spacings between the vegetation bags (3) on the closed beach surface (4) of the tailings pond are 100 to 200 cm, the diameter of the growth cavity (31) of the vegetation bag (3) after being filled with a base material is 10 to 20 cm, and the diameter of the moisture-retaining and heat-insulating cavity (32) of the vegetation bag (3) after being filled with moisture-retaining cotton (35) is 20 to 30 cm.

7. According to claim 4, the tailings pond closed beach surface without soil cover ecological restoration structure, Features The closed beach surface (4) of the tailings pond is covered with a shade net (5) on the vegetation bags (3) and the germination layer I (2), and the shade net (5) is respectively fixedly connected to the outer layer and / or the inner layer of each vegetation bag (3) on the closed beach surface (4) of the tailings pond.

8. According to claim 7, the tailings pond closed beach surface without soil cover ecological restoration structure, Features The shade net (5) is fixedly connected to the outer layer and / or inner layer of the vegetation bag (3) by means of binding tapes or staples (6).

9. According to claim 4, the tailings pond closed beach surface without soil cover ecological restoration structure, Features The germination substrates of the germination layer I (2) and the germination layer II (34) are the same or different, and the planting substrates of the growth layer I (1) and the growth layer II (33) are the same.

10. The tailings pond closed beach surface ecological restoration structure without soil cover according to claim 4, Features The vegetation seeds include one or any combination of Setaria viridis, Goosegrass, and Bidens pilosa.

Images