Gas-water separator, hydrogen fuel cell exhaust system and automobile

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, in particular to a gas-water separator, a hydrogen fuel cell exhaust system and an automobile, and the gas-water separator comprises a shell, a gas inlet and a gas outlet, the first cavity is formed in the shell and communicates with the air inlet, the second cavity is formed in the shell and communicates with the air outlet, the liquid storage cavity is formed in the bottom of the shell and communicates with the bottoms of the first cavity and the second cavity, and the liquid discharging assembly is arranged in the liquid storage cavity and used for controlling liquid to be discharged out of the shell according to the liquid level in the liquid storage cavity. The first chamber and the second chamber are sequentially arranged in the gas inlet and outlet direction, and a first separation mechanism and a second separation mechanism are arranged in the first chamber and the second chamber correspondingly. The water separation efficiency of the gas-water separator is improved, noise caused by high-pressure airflow with high water content is reduced, and the problem that tail gas is prone to icing and blocking a pipeline due to the fact that the water content of the tail gas is high is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, in particular to a gas-water separator, a hydrogen fuel cell exhaust system and a car. Background Art

[0002] At present, most of the exhaust systems of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles still use the exhaust system of internal combustion engines. The exhaust gas after the hydrogen stack reaction is directly discharged into the exhaust pipe. Since there is no gas-water separation, water can easily accumulate in the exhaust system. The air flow mixed with the water flow flows and moves in the pipe. The friction between the water flow and the pipe wall forms a sharp and harsh noise. Therefore, a muffler is needed to eliminate various noises, and the muffler has high requirements for silencing. Secondly, residual water accumulates in the pipeline, which will cause the pipeline to freeze in cold areas and low temperature environments, and then block the pipeline and cause the exhaust to be unsmooth, causing the stack to fail to work, or the back pressure exceeds the standard, which will cause the stack to have a reduced working efficiency and fail to reach the full power state. If this continues for a long time, it is easy to damage the hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0003] Furthermore, the pipeline has no special drainage structure, which will cause water accumulation in the pipeline. Steel pipelines will inevitably corrode if water accumulates for a long time, which will cause the exhaust system to lose its effectiveness. Therefore, how to improve the separation efficiency of the gas-water separator, separate the liquid water in the exhaust gas, reduce the noise caused by high-water content and high-pressure airflow, and prevent water from accumulating and freezing to block the pipeline are problems that need to be solved at this stage. Utility Model Content

[0004] One of the purposes of the utility model is to provide a gas-water separator to solve the problems in the prior art that the water separation efficiency of the gas-water separator is low, the high-pressure airflow with high water content is easy to cause noise, and the high water content of the exhaust gas is easy to freeze and block the pipeline; the second purpose is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell exhaust system; the third purpose is to provide a car.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0006] A gas-water separator comprises a shell, an air inlet and an air outlet arranged in the shell, and also comprises: a first chamber arranged in the shell and connected with the air inlet, a second chamber arranged in the shell and connected with the air outlet, a liquid storage chamber arranged at the bottom of the shell and connected with the bottoms of the first chamber and the second chamber, and a liquid discharge assembly arranged in the liquid storage chamber for controlling liquid discharge from the shell according to the liquid level inside the liquid storage chamber. The first chamber and the second chamber are arranged in sequence along the gas inlet and outlet direction, and a first separation mechanism and a second separation mechanism are respectively arranged in the first chamber and the second chamber; the first separation mechanism is provided with a spiral cooling channel connected between the air inlet and the second chamber and used for airflow to pass through, and the second separation mechanism comprises a condensation unit and a hydrophobic unit arranged in sequence along the airflow conveying direction.

[0007] According to the above technical means, a spiral cooling channel for air flow is formed inside the first chamber, and the mixed gas can flow along a spiral trajectory, so that the water vapor is fully in contact with the cooling channel. After the water vapor is fully converted into liquid water, it flows into the bottom of the liquid storage chamber. After the preliminary separation, the mixed air flow then enters the second chamber. By sequentially arranging a condensation unit and a water delivery unit inside the second chamber, the water vapor condenses into water droplets on its surface when passing through the condensation unit and flows into the liquid storage chamber. Then the air flow passes through the hydrophobic unit to further remove the water vapor and liquid water in the air flow, so that the hydrogen discharged from the outlet contains only a trace amount of water vapor. The drainage component is used to control the water discharge when the water content inside the liquid storage chamber reaches a preset value, thereby improving the water separation efficiency of the gas-water separator, reducing the noise caused by the high-pressure airflow with high water content, and solving the problem that the exhaust gas with high water content is prone to ice clogging the pipeline.

[0008] Furthermore, the first separation mechanism includes: a guide tube fixedly arranged in the first chamber, a spiral blade fixedly arranged around the outer circumference of the guide tube and with the top end opposite to the air inlet, the spiral cooling channel is formed between the spiral blade, the guide tube and the inner wall of the first chamber, the bottom end of the guide tube is provided with a reflux port connected to the spiral cooling channel, and the top end of the guide tube is provided with an air guide port connected to the second chamber.

[0009] According to the above technical means, the spiral cooling channel guides the gas flowing into the air inlet to flow along a spiral trajectory, during which the moisture in the air flow is fully converted, and then the air flow enters the return port, flows along the guide pipe and enters the second chamber through the air guide port.

[0010] Furthermore, one end of the guide tube is fixed to the top surface of the first chamber, and the other end is fixedly connected to a porous plate. The porous plate is separated from the bottom surface of the first chamber by a distance. The gas in the spiral cooling channel passes through the porous plate and flows into the guide tube through the reflux port.

[0011] According to the above technical means, after the airflow passes through the porous plate, it flows between the bottom surface of the first chamber and the porous plate, and then flows into the inside of the guide pipe, so that the airflow that has undergone preliminary water separation flows into the inside of the second chamber through the guide pipe and the air guide port.

[0012] Furthermore, the second separation mechanism also includes: a first plate body and a second plate body which are fixed to the inner wall of the shell in sequence along the air flow conveying direction and have through holes passing through the inside, and two groups of skeletons which are respectively fixed to the opposite sides of the first plate body and the second plate body and opposite to the through holes, and the condensation unit and the hydrophobic unit are respectively fixed on the two groups of skeletons.

[0013] According to the above technical means, the first plate body, the second plate body and two groups of skeleton condensation units and hydrophobic units on their sides are installed, so that the two are used to separate the moisture of the air flow passing through in turn, so that the discharged hydrogen contains only a trace amount of water vapor.

[0014] Furthermore, the two groups of skeletons are both configured to be cones, the condensation unit and the hydrophobic unit are fixed to the sides of the two groups of skeletons in sequence, and the edges of the condensation unit and the hydrophobic unit are crimped and fixed by the first plate body and the second plate body respectively.

[0015] According to the above technical means, the condensation unit and the hydrophobic unit are both formed into a cone, so that a conical guide surface can be formed on both sides. Compared with a plane, the conical surface can provide a larger gas passage area and improve the separation efficiency of the airflow.

[0016] Furthermore, the water condensation unit is configured as a water condensation layer, and the hydrophobic unit is configured as a breathable and hydrophobic membrane.

[0017] According to the above technical means, water droplets condense on the surface of the condensation layer and flow to the lower part, and then pass through the hydrophobic breathable membrane to further remove water vapor and liquid water in the mixed gas, so that the hydrogen discharged from the outlet contains only a trace amount of water vapor.

[0018] Furthermore, the drainage assembly includes: a drain valve fixedly installed at the water outlet at the bottom of the liquid storage chamber, and a liquid level sensor fixedly installed on the inner wall of the liquid storage chamber and connected to the signal of the drain valve. The bottom of the first chamber and the second chamber are each provided with a plurality of drainage ports, and each of the drainage ports is installed with a one-way valve connected to the liquid storage chamber.

[0019] According to the above technical means, a liquid level sensor is used to monitor the internal liquid level. When the preset liquid level value is reached, the liquid inside the liquid storage chamber is discharged through the bottom water outlet through the drain valve.

[0020] A hydrogen fuel cell exhaust system comprises: an air filter, an air compressor, an intercooler, a humidifier and a fuel cell stack which are connected in sequence through an air circuit, and also comprises the gas-water separator as described above, wherein the first outlet of the humidifier is connected to the fuel cell stack inlet through the air circuit, and the fuel cell stack outlet is connected to the reflux port of the humidifier through the air circuit, the second outlet of the humidifier is connected to the air inlet of the gas-water separator through the air circuit, and the gas outlet of the gas-water separator is connected to the turbine end inlet of the air compressor through the air circuit.

[0021] According to the above technical means, the above gas-water separator is applied to the exhaust system of the hydrogen fuel cell, which can effectively reduce the noise caused by the high-water content and high-pressure airflow, and avoid the freezing of water in the pipeline to block the pipeline. In addition, the exhaust gas enters the air compressor for energy recovery after water separation, thereby improving the energy recovery efficiency of the air compressor.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a muffler connected to the turbine end outlet of the air compressor through an air circuit, a water storage tank connected to the water outlet of the gas-water separator, a first control valve arranged on the air circuit between the second outlet of the humidifier and the gas-water separator, and a second control valve arranged on the air circuit between the first outlet of the humidifier and the inlet of the fuel cell stack.

[0023] According to the above technical means, the exhaust gas is separated from the water and then enters the air compressor for recovery, and then discharged through the muffler. The moisture content in the exhaust gas is relatively low, which effectively reduces the noise of the high-water content high-pressure airflow.

[0024] A car comprises a car body, wherein the car body is provided with the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell exhaust system.

[0025] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0026] (1) The utility model forms a spiral cooling channel for air flow inside the first chamber, and the mixed gas can flow along a spiral trajectory. After the water vapor fully contacts the cooling channel and is converted into liquid water, it flows into the liquid storage chamber at the bottom. After preliminary separation, the mixed gas flow then enters the second chamber. When the water vapor passes through the condensation unit, it condenses into water droplets on its surface and flows into the liquid storage chamber. Then, the air flow passes through the hydrophobic unit to further remove the water vapor and liquid water in the air flow, so that the hydrogen discharged from the outlet contains only a trace amount of water vapor, thereby improving the water separation efficiency of the gas-water separator, reducing the noise caused by the high-water-content high-pressure airflow, and solving the problem that the exhaust gas with high water content is easy to freeze and block the pipeline.

[0027] (2) The utility model applies the above-mentioned gas-water separator to the interior of the hydrogen fuel cell exhaust system, which is convenient for efficient water separation of the exhaust gas, thereby effectively reducing the noise caused by high-water content and high-pressure airflow, avoiding excessive water residue in the exhaust pipe, and effectively avoiding water freezing and clogging the pipe. In addition, after the water separation, the exhaust gas enters the air compressor for energy recovery, thereby improving the energy recovery efficiency of the air compressor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural cross-sectional view of a gas-water separator of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the second chamber portion of a gas-water separator of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal airflow of a gas-water separator of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 The utility model is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell exhaust system.

[0032] The illustrations are as follows:

[0033] Among them, 1-shell; 2-air inlet; 3-air outlet; 4-first separation mechanism; 41-guide tube; 42-spiral blade; 43-porous plate; 5-second separation mechanism; 51-condensation unit; 52-hydrophobic unit; 53-first plate body; 54-second plate body; 6-drainage assembly; 61-drain valve; 62-liquid level sensor; 63-check valve; 7-first chamber; 8-second chamber; 9-liquid storage chamber; 10-air filter; 11-air compressor; 12-intercooler; 13-humidifier; 14-fuel cell stack; 15-muffler; 16-water storage tank; 17-first control valve; 18-second control valve; 19-gas-water separator; 20-third control valve; 21-fourth control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods. The drawings are only used for exemplary descriptions, and are only schematic diagrams, not actual pictures, and cannot be understood as limitations on this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the utility model, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0035] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limitations on this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] This embodiment provides a gas-water separator, such as Figures 1 to 3As shown, it includes a shell 1, an air inlet 2 and an air outlet 3 arranged on the shell 1, and also includes: a first chamber 7 arranged inside the shell 1 and connected with the air inlet 2, a second chamber 8 arranged inside the shell 1 and connected with the air outlet 3, a liquid storage chamber 9 arranged at the bottom of the shell 1 and connected with the bottoms of the first chamber 7 and the second chamber 8, and a liquid discharge component 6 arranged in the liquid storage chamber 9 for controlling the liquid to be discharged from the shell 1 according to the liquid level inside the liquid storage chamber 9. The first chamber 7 and the second chamber 8 are arranged in sequence along the gas inlet and outlet direction, and the first chamber 7 and the second chamber 8 are respectively provided with a first separation mechanism 4 and a second separation mechanism 5; the first separation mechanism 4 is provided with a spiral cooling channel connected between the air inlet 2 and the second chamber 8 and used for air flow to pass through, and the second separation mechanism 5 includes a condensation unit 51 and a hydrophobic unit 52 arranged in sequence along the air flow conveying direction.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the water separation process of the gas-water divider in this embodiment is as follows: the airflow containing water is transported to the inside of the shell 1 along the air inlet 2, and then passes through the first chamber 7 and the second chamber 8 in sequence. By arranging the first separation mechanism 4 in the first chamber 7, a spiral cooling channel for airflow to pass through is formed in the first chamber 7, and the mixed gas can flow along the spiral trajectory, so that the water vapor is fully in contact with the cooling channel. After the water vapor is fully converted into liquid water, it flows into the liquid storage chamber 9 at the bottom. After the preliminary separation, the mixed airflow then enters the second chamber 8, and passes through the second chamber 8. A condensation unit 51 and a water delivery unit are sequentially arranged inside 8. When water vapor passes through the condensation unit 51, it condenses into water droplets on its surface and flows into the liquid storage chamber 9. Then, the airflow passes through the hydrophobic unit 52 to further remove water vapor and liquid water in the airflow, so that the hydrogen discharged from the air outlet 3 contains only a trace amount of water vapor. The drainage component 6 is used to control the liquid discharge when the liquid level inside the liquid storage chamber 9 reaches a preset value, thereby improving the water separation efficiency of the gas-water separator, reducing the noise caused by the high-pressure airflow with high water content, and solving the problem that the high water content in the tail gas is easy to freeze and block the pipeline.

[0039] Further, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first separation mechanism 4 includes: a guide tube 41 fixedly arranged in the first chamber 7, a spiral blade 42 fixedly arranged around the outer circumference of the guide tube 41 and with the top end opposite to the air inlet 2, a spiral cooling channel is formed between the spiral blade 42, the guide tube 41 and the inner wall of the first chamber 7, a reflux port connected to the spiral cooling channel is provided at the bottom end of the guide tube 41, and an air guide port connected to the second chamber 8 is provided at the top end of the guide tube 41.

[0040] It can be known that by setting the spiral blades 42, a spiral cooling channel is formed between the interior of the first chamber 7 and the guide pipe 41, thereby guiding the gas flowing into the air inlet 2 to flow along a spiral trajectory, during which the moisture in the air flow is fully converted, and then the air flow enters the return port, flows along the guide pipe 41 and passes through the air guide port into the interior of the second chamber 8.

[0041] It should be noted that, in addition to the spiral blades 42 in this embodiment, the cooling blades may also be configured in other forms, as long as the water vapor can fully contact the cooling blades, and this embodiment does not make any specific limitation here.

[0042] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, one end of the guide tube 41 is fixed to the top surface of the first chamber 7, and the other end is fixedly connected to the porous plate 43. The porous plate 43 is separated from the bottom surface of the first chamber 7 by a distance. The gas in the spiral cooling channel passes through the porous plate 43 and flows into the guide tube 41 through the reflux port. After the airflow passes through the porous plate 43, it flows between the bottom surface of the first chamber 7 and the porous plate 43, and then flows into the inside of the guide tube 41, so that the airflow that has undergone preliminary water separation flows into the inside of the second chamber 8 through the guide tube 41 and the air guide port.

[0043] In this embodiment, it also includes: a partition (not shown in the figure) fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shell 1 and located between the first separation mechanism 4 and the second separation mechanism 5, and a vent hole connected to the air guide port and the second chamber 8 is opened through the top of the partition.

[0044] It can be known that after the first chamber 7 and the second chamber 8 are separated by the partition, it is convenient for the air flow to pass through the first separation mechanism 4 and the second separation mechanism 5 in sequence, and by utilizing the vent provided through the top of the partition, the air flow from the air guide port at the top of the guide tube 41 can be guided into the second chamber 8, thereby performing the second part of water separation.

[0045] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the second separation mechanism 5 includes: a first plate body 53 and a second plate body 54 which are fixed to the inner wall of the shell 1 in sequence along the air flow conveying direction and have through holes passing through the inside, and two groups of skeletons (not shown in the figure) which are respectively fixed to the opposite sides of the first plate body 53 and the second plate body 54 and opposite to the through holes, and the condensation unit 51 and the hydrophobic unit 52 are respectively fixed on the two groups of skeletons.

[0046] It can be known that the first plate body 53, the second plate body 54 and the two sets of frames on their sides are used to facilitate the installation of the condensation unit 51 and the hydrophobic unit 52, so that the two are used to separate the moisture of the air flow passing through in turn, so that the discharged hydrogen contains only a trace amount of water vapor.

[0047] In one case of this embodiment, the two groups of skeletons are configured to be cones, and the condensation unit 51 and the hydrophobic unit 52 are fixed to the sides of the two groups of skeletons in sequence, and the edges of the condensation unit 51 and the hydrophobic unit 52 are crimped and fixed by the first plate body 53 and the second plate body 54 respectively, the condensation unit 51 is configured to be a condensation layer, and the hydrophobic unit 52 is configured to be a breathable and hydrophobic membrane.

[0048] It is not difficult to infer that the condensation unit 51 is set as a condensation layer, the hydrophobic unit 52 is set as a breathable hydrophobic membrane, and they are fixed on the skeleton in sequence, so that when water vapor passes through the condensation layer, the surface of the condensation layer condenses into water droplets and flows to the lower part, and then passes through the hydrophobic breathable membrane to further remove the water vapor and liquid water in the mixed gas, so that the hydrogen discharged from the outlet 3 contains only a trace amount of water vapor.

[0049] It should be noted that by setting the two sets of skeletons into cones, the condensation unit 51 and the hydrophobic unit 52 fixed thereon are both formed into cones, and conical guide surfaces can be formed on both sides. Compared with the plane, the conical surface can provide a larger gas passage area, effectively reducing the air flow resistance, and thus improving the separation efficiency of the airflow.

[0050] For example, in addition to being a cone, the above-mentioned skeleton can also be a cone such as a quadrangular pyramid, as long as it can assist the condensation unit 51 and the hydrophobic unit 52 to form a guide surface, thereby increasing the airflow and improving the water separation efficiency. This embodiment does not make any specific limitations here.

[0051] In actual application of this embodiment, the condensation layer and the breathable hydrophobic membrane can be made of E-PTFE material, and the membrane pore sizes of the two are different. Of course, the condensation unit 51 and the hydrophobic unit 52 can also use other water separation membranes, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0052] In addition, the skeleton can be a mesh structure or a rib, as long as it can support the water condensation layer and the breathable and hydrophobic membrane. The material is preferably carbon fiber that can withstand a certain temperature. The first plate body 53 and the second plate body 54 can be fixed plates or fixed frames, as long as they can fix the skeleton.

[0053] In another case of this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the drainage assembly 6 includes: a drainage valve 61 fixedly installed at the water outlet at the bottom of the liquid storage chamber 9, and a liquid level sensor 62 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the liquid storage chamber 9 and connected to the signal of the drainage valve 61. The first chamber 7 and the second chamber 8 are each provided with a plurality of drainage ports at the bottom, and each drainage port is provided with a one-way valve 63 connected to the liquid storage chamber 9.

[0054] The liquid storage chamber 9 is used to collect and store the liquid separated by the first separation mechanism 4 and the second separation mechanism 5, and the internal liquid level is monitored by the liquid level sensor 62. When the preset liquid level value is reached, the liquid inside the liquid storage chamber 9 is discharged through the bottom water outlet through the drain valve 61.

[0055] Specifically, the drain port can be set at the bottom of the first chamber 7, the bottom of the second chamber 8, and the bottom of the first chamber 7 between the first plate body 53 and the second plate body 54. The separated liquid water is discharged into the liquid storage chamber 9 through a one-way water valve. When the liquid level sensor 62 detects that the liquid level reaches the preset value, it sends a signal to the drain valve 61. After the drain valve 61 is opened, the water in the gas-water separator is discharged into the water storage tank 16.

[0056] In this embodiment, the separation efficiency of the gas-water separator is described in combination with a specific test process:

[0057] The experimental conditions are as follows: the temperature of air inlet 2 is set to 78.5°C, the rated flow rate is set to 251.8g / s dry air+28.9g / s Vapor+liquid, the simulated flow resistance is 6.08kPA, and the gas-water separator is tested with a peak flow rate of 6000L / min, an air inlet pressure of 1.6bar, and a temperature of 82°C. The test is run for 1min, and the test data are as follows:

[0058] project No. 1 No. 2 Front section water volume / g W 2454 2454 Water volume in the latter stage / g W1 2404.92 2355.84 Separation efficiency W1 / W*100% 98％ 96％

[0059] It can be seen from the above table that after simulation and comprehensive testing, under the condition of small flow resistance, the water separation efficiency of the gas-water separator in this embodiment can reach more than 90%, which can achieve good benefits.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] like Figure 4 The figure shows an embodiment of a hydrogen fuel cell exhaust system of the utility model, comprising: an air filter 10, an air compressor 11, an intercooler 12, a humidifier 13 and a fuel cell stack 14 connected in sequence through an air path, and also comprising a gas-water separator 19 as described in Example 1, a first outlet of the humidifier 13 is connected to an inlet of the fuel cell stack 14 through an air path, and the outlet of the fuel cell stack 14 is connected to a reflux port of the humidifier 13 through an air path, a second outlet of the humidifier 13 is connected to an air inlet of the gas-water separator 19 through an air path, and an air outlet of the gas-water separator 19 is connected to an inlet of a turbine end of the air compressor 11 through an air path.

[0062] It can be known that the gas-water separator in Example 1 is applied to the exhaust system of a hydrogen fuel cell, which facilitates efficient water separation of the exhaust gas, thereby effectively reducing the noise caused by high-water content and high-pressure airflow, avoiding excessive water residue in the exhaust pipe, and effectively avoiding water freezing in the pipe to block the pipe. In addition, the exhaust gas enters the air compressor 11 for energy recovery after water separation, thereby improving the energy recovery efficiency of the air compressor 11.

[0063] In this embodiment, it also includes a muffler 15 connected to the turbine outlet of the air compressor 11 through an air circuit, a water storage tank 16 connected to the water outlet of the gas-water separator 19, a first control valve 17 arranged on the air circuit between the second outlet of the humidifier 13 and the gas-water separator 19, and a second control valve 18 arranged on the air circuit between the first outlet of the humidifier 13 and the inlet of the fuel cell stack 14.

[0064] In this embodiment, the air is divided into three paths after coming out of the intercooler 3. One path passes through the third control valve 20 and enters the hydrogen fuel cell reactor, one path enters the humidifier 13, and one path passes through the fourth control valve 21 and is discharged after the muffler 15.

[0065] Specifically, by connecting a muffler 15 to the turbine outlet of the air compressor 11, the exhaust gas can enter the air compressor 11 for recovery after water separation and then be discharged through the muffler 15. The moisture content in the exhaust gas is relatively low, which effectively reduces the noise of the high-water content high-pressure airflow.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] This embodiment is an embodiment of an automobile, including a vehicle body, and the vehicle body is provided with a hydrogen fuel cell exhaust system as described in Example 2.

[0068] The utility model improves the gas-water separator to effectively improve its water separation efficiency. After being applied to the hydrogen fuel cell exhaust system, it is mounted on the car body, which reduces the noise of the car's high-pressure airflow and effectively solves the problem of high water content in car exhaust gas, which is prone to ice clogging the pipeline, thereby improving the energy recovery efficiency of car exhaust gas and having strong practicality.

[0069] Obviously, the above embodiments of the utility model are only examples for clearly explaining the utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A gas-water separator, comprising a housing (1), an air inlet (2) and an air outlet (3) provided on the housing (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A first chamber (7) is arranged inside the shell (1) and is in communication with the air inlet (2), wherein a first separation mechanism (4) is arranged inside the first chamber (7); a second chamber (8) disposed inside the housing (1) and connected to the gas outlet (3); the first chamber (7) and the second chamber (8) are arranged in sequence along the gas inlet and outlet direction; and a second separation mechanism (5) is disposed inside the second chamber (8); A liquid storage chamber (9) is arranged at the bottom of the housing (1), and the bottoms of the first chamber (7) and the second chamber (8) are both connected to the liquid storage chamber (9); A liquid discharge assembly (6), disposed in the liquid storage chamber (9), and used for controlling the liquid to be discharged from the housing (1) according to the liquid level inside the liquid storage chamber (9); The first separation mechanism (4) is provided with a spiral cooling channel connected between the air inlet (2) and the second chamber (8) and used for airflow to pass through, and the second separation mechanism (5) comprises a condensation unit (51) and a hydrophobic unit (52) arranged in sequence along the inlet and outlet direction of the airflow.

2. The gas-water separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first separation mechanism (4) comprises: a guide tube (41) fixedly arranged in the first chamber (7), a spiral blade (42) fixedly arranged around the outer circumference of the guide tube (41) and with the top end opposite to the air inlet (2), the spiral blade (42), the guide tube (41) and the inner wall of the first chamber (7) forming the spiral cooling channel, the bottom end of the guide tube (41) being provided with a reflux port communicating with the spiral cooling channel, and the top end of the guide tube (41) being provided with an air guide port communicating with the second chamber (8).

3. The gas-water separator according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the flow guide tube (41) is fixed to the inner top surface of the first chamber (7), and the other end is fixedly connected to a porous plate (43), wherein the porous plate (43) is spaced a distance from the inner bottom surface of the first chamber (7), and the gas in the spiral cooling channel passes through the porous plate (43) and flows into the flow guide tube (41) through the reflux port.

4. The gas-water separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second separation mechanism (5) further comprises: a first plate body (53) and a second plate body (54) which are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the shell (1) in sequence along the air flow conveying direction and have through holes extending therethrough, and two groups of frames which are respectively fixedly mounted on opposite sides of the first plate body (53) and the second plate body (54) and opposite to the through holes, and the condensation unit (51) and the hydrophobic unit (52) are respectively fixed on the two groups of frames.

5. The gas-water separator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two groups of skeletons are both configured to be cones, the condensation unit (51) and the hydrophobic unit (52) are fixed to the sides of the two groups of skeletons in sequence, and the edges of the condensation unit (51) and the hydrophobic unit (52) are crimped and fixed by the first plate body (53) and the second plate body (54) respectively.

6. The gas-water separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water condensation unit (51) is configured as a water condensation layer, and the hydrophobic unit (52) is configured as an air-permeable and hydrophobic membrane.

7. The gas-water separator (19) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage assembly (6) comprises: a drainage valve (61) fixedly mounted at the water outlet at the bottom of the liquid storage chamber (9), and a liquid level sensor (62) fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the liquid storage chamber (9) and connected to the drainage valve (61) by signal; the first chamber (7) and the second chamber (8) are each provided with a plurality of drainage ports at the bottom, and each drainage port is provided with a one-way valve (63) connected to the liquid storage chamber (9).

8. A hydrogen fuel cell exhaust system, comprising: An air filter (10), an air compressor (11), an intercooler (12), a humidifier (13) and a fuel cell stack (14) connected in sequence through an air path, characterized in that it also includes an air-water separator (19) as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first outlet of the humidifier (13) is connected to the inlet of the fuel cell stack (14) through an air path, and the outlet of the fuel cell stack (14) is connected to the reflux port of the humidifier (13) through an air path, the second outlet of the humidifier (13) is connected to the air inlet of the air-water separator (19) through an air path, and the air outlet of the air-water separator (19) is connected to the turbine end inlet of the air compressor (11) through an air path.

9. The hydrogen fuel cell exhaust system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a muffler (15) connected to the turbine outlet of the air compressor (11) through an air circuit, a water storage tank (16) connected to the water outlet of the gas-water separator (19), a first control valve (17) provided on the air circuit between the second outlet of the humidifier (13) and the gas-water separator (19), and a second control valve (18) provided on the air circuit between the first outlet of the humidifier (13) and the inlet of the fuel cell stack (14).

10. An automobile, comprising a vehicle body, characterized in that: The vehicle body is provided with a hydrogen fuel cell exhaust system as described in any one of claims 8-9.

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