Internally-arranged trepanning cutter for deep holes

Abstract

The utility model relates to an inner-row type trepanning cutter for deep holes, belongs to the field of deep hole machining, and solves the problems that an existing trepanning cutter is poor in machining linearity, severe in cutter abrasion, poor in machining surface smoothness and low in machining efficiency. The inner row type trepanning cutter for the deep holes comprises a circular-tube-shaped cutter crown, and the cutter crown comprises a cutter body mounting part; the four cutter body mounting parts are uniformly arranged on the cutter crown along the circumferential direction; and the outer wall of each cutter body mounting part is provided with an alloy guide key and a shock absorption damping block which are different in circumferential position and staggered in axial position. The trepanning cutter provided by the utility model has better machining linearity and coaxiality, higher machining precision and efficiency, capability of effectively ensuring the smoothness of an inner hole, and longer service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of deep hole processing, in particular to an inner row type deep hole trepanning cutter. Background Art

[0002] The deep hole trepanning cutter is an essential tool in deep hole processing technology. Its characteristic is that when processing deep blind holes, it uses the cutting action of the cutter body located at the front end of the tubular trepanning cutter, and with the help of continuous chip removal of high-pressure cutting oil, it can obtain a whole core material while completing the deep blind hole processing. Deep hole trepanning cutters are divided into internal and external types according to the chip removal method. Compared with the external type, the internal type has higher surface processing quality and a wider and larger processing range of hole diameters because the chips are discharged from the tube of the trepanning cutter and do not scrape and contact the processed surface.

[0003] However, the existing internal-row deep-hole trepanning cutters have the following shortcomings: (1) The outer circle of the trepanning cutter usually has only two welded support plates located on the rear cutting surface of the cutter crown and at the same height as the cutter body. When the cutter body is subjected to cutting force, the support plates are severely worn. Due to the unreasonable design (mainly the position) of the support plates, the workpiece being processed cannot be effectively guided, causing the trepanning cutter to deviate from the center axis of the workpiece and resulting in low processing accuracy; (2) The outer circle of the trepanning cutter has no shock-absorbing components, or the design (mainly the position) of the shock-absorbing components is unreasonable, which can easily cause vibration of the cutter, damage the cutter body, and poor processing linearity and coaxiality; (3) Internal chip removal requires a high oil pressure to press the chips into the tube of the trepanning cutter and discharge them. The chip removal grooves on the outer circle of the traditional trepanning cutter are not designed reasonably in terms of number and position, so some chips cannot be discharged in time and scrape against the processed surface, affecting the quality of the processed surface.

[0004] Therefore, it is an urgent problem to provide an internal row trepanning cutter with good processing linearity, high inner hole surface quality, high processing efficiency and long service life. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above analysis, an embodiment of the utility model aims to provide an internal row deep hole trepanning cutter to solve at least one of the problems of existing trepanning cutters, namely, poor machining linearity, severe tool wear, poor machining surface finish, and low machining efficiency.

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The utility model provides an inner row deep hole trepanning cutter, the trepanning cutter comprises a circular tubular cutter crown, and the cutter crown comprises a cutter body mounting portion;

[0008] There are four knife body mounting parts, which are evenly arranged on the knife crown along the circumferential direction;

[0009] The outer wall of each cutter body mounting portion is provided with alloy guide keys and shock-absorbing damping blocks which are arranged at different circumferential positions and staggered axial positions.

[0010] Furthermore, the number of the alloy guide key and the shock-absorbing damping block on the outer wall of each blade body mounting portion is one, and the alloy guide key and the shock-absorbing damping block are located behind the blade on the blade body mounting portion in a clockwise direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the shock-absorbing damping block and the alloy guide key are connected to the knife crown through screws.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer wall surface of each blade mounting portion is a cylindrical surface, the center angle between the blade cutting surface on each blade mounting portion and the end of the alloy guide key is α, and the center angle between the blade cutting surface on each blade mounting portion and the front end of the shock-absorbing damping block is β, satisfying α<β.

[0013] Furthermore, 20°≤α≤35°, 40°≤β≤60°.

[0014] Further, on the outer wall surface of each blade body mounting portion, the upper end surface of the shock absorbing and damping block is flush with the upper end surface of the blade crown, and the lower end surface of the shock absorbing and damping block is at a distance H from the lower end surface of the blade crown. 1 The lower end face of the alloy guide key is flush with the lower end face of the knife crown, and the distance between the upper end face of the alloy guide key and the lower end face of the knife crown is H 2 , satisfying H 1 >H 2 .

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes four blade bodies, which are sequentially mounted on the four blade body mounting parts;

[0016] In the counterclockwise direction, the cutting edge of the first knife body is located at the outer ring of the upper end face of the knife crown, the cutting edges of the second and third knife bodies are located between the outer and inner rings of the upper end face of the knife crown, and the cutting edge of the fourth knife body is located at the inner ring of the upper end face of the knife crown.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes oil cutouts, the number of which is 4, and each oil cutout is located between adjacent tool body mounting parts.

[0018] Furthermore, at least one oil-removing port is provided with a chip removal groove near the upper end surface of the crown, and the chip removal groove is communicated with the interior of the crown.

[0019] Furthermore, a mounting groove is provided on the blade mounting portion, and the blade is fixed in the mounting groove by screws.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The utility model provides an inner row deep hole trepanning cutter, comprising a cylindrical cutter crown, four cutter body mounting parts uniformly arranged on the cutter crown along the circumferential direction, and an outer wall of each cutter body mounting part is provided with alloy guide keys and shock absorbing damping blocks which are arranged at different circumferential positions and staggered axial positions; wherein the circumferential positions are different (i.e., the alloy guide keys and shock absorbing damping blocks on the outer wall of each cutter body mounting part are located behind the cutter body of the cutter body mounting part in the clockwise direction, and the alloy guide keys are closer to the cutter body than the shock absorbing damping blocks). Compared with a conventional trepanning cutter (which only comprises a guide component or a shock absorbing component, or both, but the shock absorbing component is closer to the cutter body than the guide component, resulting in that the protruding height of the shock absorbing component is compensated by the guide component, resulting in poor shock absorbing effect, the guide component is far away from the blade and cannot play an effective guiding role, and both are severely worn), the trepanning cutter provided by the utility model Due to the rationality of the design of the number and position of the alloy guide keys and shock-absorbing damping blocks, effective guiding and shock-absorbing effects can be provided for the trepanning cutter in all four circumferential directions. The alloy guide keys are closer to the adjacent cutter body than the shock-absorbing damping blocks. Since the vibration of the cutter body is obvious, the alloy guide keys arranged closer to the cutter body can provide a better guiding effect (that is, they can support the trepanning cutter in all four circumferential directions). At the same time, the alloy guide keys are arranged in an axially staggered manner, avoiding the circumferential direction where the cutter body is located, which can provide an effective guiding effect and significantly reduce the wear of the alloy guide keys, ensuring that the protruding height of the shock-absorbing damping block will not be offset by the alloy guide keys. The shock-absorbing damping block can use its own plastic deformation to better play a shock-absorbing role, so that the trepanning cutter has better processing linearity and coaxiality, higher processing accuracy, and effectively guarantees the smoothness of the inner hole.

[0022] (2) The utility model provides an internal row deep hole trepanning cutter, and the alloy guide keys and shock absorbing damping blocks are staggered in the circumferential and axial directions, which significantly reduces the wear of the two, increases the service life of the trepanning cutter, and improves the processing efficiency. There is no need to frequently replace the alloy guide keys and shock absorbing damping blocks.

[0023] (3) The internal row deep hole trepanning cutter provided by the utility model has four oil holes (evenly arranged at 90 degree intervals) along the circumference of the trepanning cutter to ensure that during chip removal processing in the deep hole, the oil can take away the iron chips in time, so that the heat can be better dissipated and the occurrence of chip blockage and chip squeezing can be avoided.

[0024] (4) The number and position of the chip removal grooves of the internal row deep hole provided by the utility model are more reasonably designed. Specifically, a chip removal groove is provided on each oil opening near the upper end surface of the knife crown, so that the high-pressure oil flowing in from the four oil openings can timely remove the cuttings generated near each knife body, greatly improving the chip removal efficiency. Compared with the traditional trepanning cutter (the number of chip removal grooves is 1 to 2), the trepanning cutter provided by the utility model can use the chip removal grooves with reasonable number and position design to timely discharge the chips from the tube of the trepanning cutter without scraping and contacting the processed surface, thereby improving the processing accuracy and surface quality. Furthermore, the utility model adopts a reasonable chip removal groove size, that is, the chip removal groove width is 40% to 50% of the oil opening width (in the circumferential direction), and the chip removal groove height is 15% to 25% of the knife crown length (in the axial direction), which not only effectively removes chips, but also ensures the strength of the upper end surface of the knife crown (that is, including one end of the knife body).

[0025] (5) The internal row deep hole trepanning cutter provided by the utility model adopts a four-knife and four-edge design. In the counterclockwise direction, the first cutter body is used for outer cutting, the second cutter body and the third cutter body are used for axial cutting depth, and the fourth cutter body is used for inner processing. Compared with the traditional trepanning cutter which usually only has inner and outer cutting processing, the trepanning cutter provided by the utility model increases the axial cutting depth, which can significantly improve the processing efficiency. In addition, the reasonable distribution of the four cutter bodies can effectively share the cutting force, slow down the wear rate of the cutter body, and increase the service life of the cutter body.

[0026] (6) The utility model provides an inner row deep hole trepanning cutter, wherein four cutter bodies, alloy guide keys, and shock absorbing damping blocks are connected to the cutter crown via screws, and the design of the screws facilitates disassembly and replacement.

[0027] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and some advantages can become obvious from the description, or can be understood by implementing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the contents specifically pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings are only used for the purpose of illustrating specific embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. In the entire drawings, the same reference symbols represent the same components.

[0029] Figure 1 A top view of a nesting cutter provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 A partially cutaway front view of a nesting cutter provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Reference numerals:

[0032] 100-sheathing cutter; 1a-first cutter body; 1b-second cutter body; 1c-third cutter body; 1d-fourth cutter body; 2a-first guide key; 2b-second guide key; 2c-third guide key; 2d-fourth guide key; 3a-first damping block; 3b-second damping block; 3c-third damping block; 3d-fourth damping block; 4a-first oil cutout; 4b-second oil cutout; 4c-third oil cutout; 4d-fourth oil cutout; 5-chip groove; 6-cutter crown; 61-first end face; 62-second end face; 7-connecting part; 8-cutter body thread; 9a-first mounting groove; 9b-second mounting groove; 9c-third mounting groove; 9d-fourth mounting groove; 10-screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0034] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The embodiment of the utility model provides an inner row deep hole trepanning cutter 100, the trepanning cutter 100 comprises a circular tubular cutter crown 6, the cutter crown 6 comprises a cutter body mounting portion;

[0035] There are four blade mounting parts, which are evenly arranged on the blade crown 6 along the circumferential direction;

[0036] The outer wall of each cutter body mounting portion is provided with alloy guide keys and shock-absorbing damping blocks which are arranged at different circumferential positions and staggered axial positions.

[0037] Furthermore, the number of the alloy guide key and the shock-absorbing damping block on the outer wall of each blade body mounting portion is one, and the alloy guide key and the shock-absorbing damping block are located behind the blade on the blade body mounting portion in a clockwise direction.

[0038] For example, see Figure 1 The alloy guide key includes a first guide key 2a, a second guide key 2b, a third guide key 2c, and a fourth guide key 2d; the shock-absorbing damping block includes a first damping block 3a, a second damping block 3b, a third damping block 3c, and a fourth damping block 3d.

[0039] Preferably, the outer wall surface of each blade mounting portion is a cylindrical surface, the center angle between the blade cutting surface on each blade mounting portion and the end of the alloy guide key is α, and the center angle between the blade cutting surface on each blade mounting portion and the front end of the shock-absorbing damping block is β, satisfying α<β; more preferably, α<β, 20°≤α≤35°, 40°≤β≤60°.

[0040] Preferably, on the outer wall surface of each blade mounting portion, the upper end surface of the shock absorbing and damping block is flush with the upper end surface of the blade crown 6, and the lower end surface of the shock absorbing and damping block is at a distance H from the lower end surface of the blade crown 6. 1 The lower end surface of the alloy guide key is flush with the lower end surface of the knife crown 6, and the distance between the upper end surface of the alloy guide key and the lower end surface of the knife crown 6 is H 2 , satisfying H 1 >H 2 .

[0041] More preferably, α<β, and H 1 >H 2 .

[0042] Optionally, the damping block and the alloy guide key are connected to the crown 6 by, but not limited to, welding and threaded connection. Preferably, the damping block and the alloy guide key are connected to the crown 6 by screws.

[0043] In a possible design, a keyway is provided on the outer wall of each blade mounting portion, and the shape and number of the keyway are adapted to the shock-absorbing damping block and the alloy guide key; the shock-absorbing damping block and the alloy guide key can be placed in the corresponding keyway and connected to the blade crown 6 by screws.

[0044] It should be noted that the height of the surface of the damping block protruding relative to the outer wall of each blade mounting portion is H 3 The height of the alloy guide key surface protruding from the outer wall of each blade mounting portion is H 4 , preferably, satisfying 0.25mm≤H 3 ≤1mm, 0.25mm≤H 4 ≤1mm; more preferably, 0.4mm≤H 3 ≤0.6mm, 0.4mm≤H 4 ≤0.6mm; illustratively, H 3 =H 4 =0.5mm.

[0045] Optionally, the shapes of the damping block and the alloy guide key can be designed as needed, including but not limited to rectangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, etc. Preferably, the alloy guide key and the damping block are rectangular, wherein the long side of the rectangle is along the axial direction and the short side is along the circumferential direction.

[0046] Optionally, the materials of the shock-absorbing damping block and the alloy guide key can be selected as needed; preferably, the shock-absorbing damping block is made of nylon material; and the alloy guide key is made of titanium carbide alloy material.

[0047] Furthermore, the nesting cutter 10 further comprises four cutter bodies, which are sequentially mounted on four cutter body mounting portions;

[0048] For example, see Figure 1 The four blade bodies include a first blade body 1a, a second blade body 1b, a third blade body 1c, and a fourth blade body 1d;

[0049] In the counterclockwise direction, the cutting edge of the first blade body 1a is located at the outer ring of the upper end face of the blade crown 6, the cutting edges of the second blade body 1b and the third blade body 1c are located between the outer ring and the inner ring of the upper end face of the blade crown 6, and the cutting edge of the fourth blade body 1d is located at the inner ring of the upper end face of the blade crown 6.

[0050] It can be understood that the cutting edge located on the inner ring is used for inner cutting to ensure the inner diameter processing size of the trepanning cutter; the cutting edge located on the outer ring is used for outer cutting to ensure the outer diameter processing size of the trepanning cutter; the cutting edge located between the outer ring and the inner ring is used for axial cutting depth to ensure the grooving removal in the feed direction of the trepanning cutter.

[0051] Furthermore, a mounting groove is provided on the blade mounting portion, and the blade is fixed in the mounting groove by screws.

[0052] For example, see Figure 1 The four blade mounting parts are provided with four mounting grooves, including a first mounting groove 9a, a second mounting groove 9b, a third mounting groove 9c, and a fourth mounting groove 9d; the first blade 1a is arranged in the first mounting groove 9a; the second blade 1b is arranged in the second mounting groove 9b; the third blade 1c is arranged in the third mounting groove 9c; and the fourth blade 1d is arranged in the fourth mounting groove 9d. The shapes of the four mounting grooves are determined by the shapes of the four blades.

[0053] Furthermore, each knife body includes a knife body and a blade; the connection method between the blade and the knife body includes but is not limited to screw connection and welding.

[0054] Optionally, the shape of the blade body can be selected as needed, including but not limited to a cuboid, a cube, etc. Further, the shape of the blade can be selected as needed, including but not limited to a rectangle, a square, a rhombus, a pentagon, and a hexagon. Preferably, the shape of the four blades is a rhombus.

[0055] Preferably, the knife body is made of alloy material; wherein the blade is made of hard alloy steel material.

[0056] In one possible design, the cutter body is fixed in the mounting slot by screws;

[0057] Exemplarily, a countersunk hole is provided on the upper end surface of each cutter body, and the screw 10 can be inserted into the countersunk hole and the four cutter bodies are fixed in four mounting grooves respectively through threads; the countersunk hole allows the screw 10 to be buried inside the cutter body without any protruding part, and the screw 10 will not interfere with the external structure in the feeding direction of the nesting cutter.

[0058] Furthermore, the blade crown 6 also includes oil cutouts, the number of which is 4, and each oil cutout is located between adjacent blade body mounting portions.

[0059] For example, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The oil cutouts include a first oil cutout 4a, a second oil cutout 4b, a third oil cutout 4c, and a fourth oil cutout 4d. Each oil cutout is a through-groove structure extending from the upper end face (i.e., the first end face 61) of the knife crown 6 to the lower end face (i.e., the second end face 62); wherein the upper end face (i.e., the first end face 61) of the knife crown 6 is a working face including the knife body, and the lower end face (i.e., the second end face 62) of the knife crown 6 is an end face opposite to the upper end face along the axial direction.

[0060] Preferably, the four oil holes have the same shape and are evenly distributed every 90° along the circumferential direction.

[0061] In a possible design, the mounting groove provided on each blade mounting portion is a groove-shaped structure with one end open and the other end closed, the opening of the mounting groove is connected to the oil cutout, and the opening direction along the circumferential direction is the same.

[0062] Furthermore, a chip removal groove is provided on at least one oil-removing port near the upper end surface of the crown, and the chip removal groove is communicated with the interior of the crown 6 .

[0063] Preferably, a chip removal groove 5 is provided on at least one oil-removing opening near the upper end surface of the blade crown and adjacent to the blade body, and the chip removal groove 5 is communicated with the interior of the blade crown 6 .

[0064] It should be noted that the number of the chip grooves is set to W, W≥1; preferably, W=4, that is, a chip groove is provided on each oil-relief opening near the upper end surface of the crown.

[0065] Optionally, the shape of the chip groove can be designed as required, including but not limited to rectangular, square, V-shaped, arc-shaped, etc. Preferably, the shape of the chip groove is rectangular.

[0066] Optionally, the shape of the oil cutout can be designed as required, including but not limited to a square groove, a U-shaped groove, a V-shaped groove, etc. Preferably, the oil cutout is a square groove.

[0067] Further, the circumferential width of each chip removal groove is X, the circumferential width of each oil removal opening is Y, X = (20% to 60%) * Y. Preferably, X = (40% to 50%) * Y; the axial length of the crown 6 is H 5 , the height of each chip groove is (15%~25%)*H 5 The above-mentioned range of chip groove sizes ensures the strength of the upper end surface of the crown 6 (ie, one end including the knife body) while providing effective chip removal.

[0068] Furthermore, the outer circumference of the crown 6 is Z, preferably, Y=(30%-50%)*1 / 4*Z; more preferably, Y=40%*1 / 4*Z.

[0069] Furthermore, a connecting portion 7 extends from the lower end surface of the blade crown 6, and the outer wall of the connecting portion 7 also includes a blade body thread 8; the blade body thread is used to connect the deep hole boring bar to play a transmission role.

[0070] For example, see Figure 2 The outer wall surface of the connecting portion 7 is a cylindrical surface, the inner diameters of the crown 6 and the connecting portion 7 are the same, and the outer diameter of the crown 6 is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting portion 7.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An inner row deep hole trepanning cutter, characterized in that: The sheathing knife (100) comprises a circular tubular knife crown (6), and the knife crown (6) comprises a knife body mounting portion; There are four blade body mounting parts, which are evenly arranged on the blade crown (6) along the circumferential direction; The outer wall of each of the tool body mounting parts is provided with alloy guide keys and shock-absorbing damping blocks which are arranged at different circumferential positions and staggered axial positions.

2. The inner row deep hole trepanning cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the alloy guide key and the shock-absorbing damping block on the outer wall of each of the blade body mounting parts is one, and the alloy guide key and the shock-absorbing damping block are located behind the blade on the blade body mounting part in a clockwise direction.

3. The inner row deep hole trepanning cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock-absorbing damping block and the alloy guide key are connected to the knife crown (6) via screws.

4. The inner row deep hole trepanning cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall surface of each of the blade mounting parts is a cylindrical surface, the center angle between the blade cutting surface on each of the blade mounting parts and the end of the alloy guide key is α, and the center angle between the blade cutting surface on each of the blade mounting parts and the front end of the shock-absorbing damping block is β, satisfying α<β.

5. The inner row deep hole trepanning cutter according to claim 4, characterized in that: 20°≤α≤35°，40°≤β≤60°。 6. The inner row deep hole trepanning cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the outer wall surface of each blade body mounting portion, the upper end surface of the shock-absorbing damping block is flush with the upper end surface of the blade crown (6), the lower end surface of the shock-absorbing damping block is at a distance H1 from the lower end surface of the blade crown (6), the lower end surface of the alloy guide key is flush with the lower end surface of the blade crown (6), and the upper end surface of the alloy guide key is at a distance H2 from the lower end surface of the blade crown (6), satisfying H1>H2.

7. The inner row deep hole trepanning cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes four knife bodies, which are sequentially mounted on the four knife body mounting parts; In the counterclockwise direction, the cutting edge of the first blade body (1a) is located at the outer ring of the upper end surface of the blade crown (6), the cutting edges of the second blade body (1b) and the third blade body (1c) are located between the outer ring and the inner ring of the upper end surface of the blade crown (6), and the cutting edge of the fourth blade body (1d) is located at the inner ring of the upper end surface of the blade crown (6).

8. The inner row deep hole trepanning cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes oil cutouts, the number of which is 4, and each oil cutout is located between adjacent tool body mounting parts.

9. The inner row deep hole trepanning cutter according to claim 8, characterized in that: At least one of the oil-removing openings is provided with a chip removal groove near the upper end surface of the blade crown (6), and the chip removal groove is communicated with the interior of the blade crown (6).

10. The inner row deep hole trepanning cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The knife body mounting portion is provided with a mounting groove, and the knife body is fixed in the mounting groove by screws.

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