Chip breaking turning device

Abstract

The utility model provides a chip breaking turning device which comprises a tool rest and a tool, the tool is movably connected with the tool rest, the chip breaking turning device further comprises a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used for driving the tool to move, and the cutting path of the tool is a sine curve. According to the chip breaking turning device, the cutting path of the cutter is controlled to be a sine curve through the driving mechanism, the low point of the curve of the machined face coincides with the high point of the curve of the to-be-machined face, and therefore the chip breaking effect is achieved. The chip breaking turning device is wide in application range, can be used for turning equipment such as a numerical control horizontal lathe, a numerical control vertical lathe and a turning center, and is convenient to install, low in manufacturing and using cost, long in equipment precision and free of abrasion to the lead screw and the guide rail.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of mechanical processing technology, and more specifically, relates to a chip breaking turning device. Background Art

[0002] When parts are turned on a lathe, long chips are often generated on the workpiece surface due to factors such as the tool, the material being processed, and cooling. In particular, when double ejectors are used for positioning at both ends, strip-shaped iron chips will be generated on the surface of long rod parts. Since there are ejectors at both ends of the workpiece, the strip-shaped iron chips are difficult to clean.

[0003] This kind of long strip-like iron chips are wrapped around the surface of the parts. For multi-step turning processing, if the iron chips are not removed, they will be wrapped around the tool during the subsequent turning process, which will have a certain impact and harm on the workpiece, tool and equipment. The iron chips must be removed before the subsequent processing steps can be carried out. Because a special person is required to clean the cutting, it is impossible to achieve multiple machines by one person, which increases production costs. Moreover, each piece of processing will be interrupted to clean the cutting, and automated production cannot be achieved. When removing the iron chips, the flying iron chips are harmful to people, increasing safety hazards.

[0004] In the prior art, chip breaking instructions are usually implanted through software programming, and the X and Z axes are used to continuously advance and retract the tool to form intermittent cutting to achieve the purpose of chip breaking, or the low-frequency vibration of the spindle is used to achieve the chip breaking effect. However, programmed chip breaking uses X and Z axes to break chips, and the two-axis lead screws move back and forth at high speed and high frequency, which causes huge losses to the related moving parts, lead screws, and guide rails. In actual operation, the equipment vibrates greatly due to the inertia of the high-frequency movement of the tool holder. The equipment has a very short accuracy retention period and high maintenance costs; the spindle low-frequency vibration chip breaking equipment is expensive and has a small application range. It is currently only used for Swiss-type lathes. Utility Model Content

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in this application is: on the one hand, a chip breaking turning device is provided, including a tool holder and a tool, the tool is movably connected to the tool holder, and also includes a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used to drive the tool to move, and the cutting path of the tool is a sine curve.

[0006] Optionally, the tool comprises a tool rod and a blade mounted on the tool rod, and the tool rod is movably connected to the tool holder.

[0007] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a servo motor and a camshaft, the camshaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor, a connecting hole matching the camshaft is opened on the tool rod, and the camshaft passes through the connecting hole to be rotatably connected to the tool holder.

[0008] Optionally, the tool rod is provided with an orientation groove along its length direction, and the tool holder is provided with an orientation key, and the orientation key is slidably connected to the orientation groove.

[0009] Optionally, a clamping mechanism is further included, which is connected to the knife rod and is used to ensure that the side of the camshaft close to the blade is always in contact with the side wall of the connecting hole.

[0010] Optionally, the clamping mechanism includes a connecting member and an elastic member, one end of the connecting member is fixedly connected to an end of the knife rod away from the blade, and the other end is movably connected to the knife holder, and the elastic member has a tendency to move the connecting member and the knife rod away from each other.

[0011] Optionally, the clamping mechanism also includes a spring seat and a washer, the spring seat is fixedly connected to the tool holder, one end of the connecting member passes through the spring seat and is fixedly connected to the tool rod, the washer is connected to the other end of the connecting member, and the elastic member is located between the washer and the spring seat.

[0012] Optionally, a dust cover is further included, and the dust cover is detachably connected to an end of the spring seat away from the knife rod.

[0013] Optionally, a controller is further included, and the controller is electrically connected to the driving mechanism.

[0014] The chip breaking turning device provided by the present application has the beneficial effect that: compared with the prior art, the chip breaking turning device provided by the present application controls the cutting path of the tool to be a sine curve through a driving mechanism, so that the low point of the curve of the processed surface coincides with the high point of the curve of the surface to be processed, thereby achieving a chip breaking effect. The chip breaking turning device provided by the present application has a wide range of applications, and can be used in CNC horizontal lathes, CNC vertical lathes, turning centers and other lathe processing equipment. It is easy to install, has low manufacturing and use costs, maintains equipment accuracy for a longer period of time, and does not increase wear on the lead screw and guide rails. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a chip breaking and turning device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the tool rod and the camshaft in the chip breaking turning device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a chip breaking and turning device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the tool rod and the clamping mechanism in the chip breaking turning device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram comparing sinusoidal cutting and normal cutting provided in this application; (a) is the sinusoidal cutting trajectory; (b) is the straight cutting trajectory.

[0021] Among them, the reference numerals in the figure are:

[0022] 1. Blade; 2. Knife pad; 3. Positioning screw; 4. Sealing ring; 5. Knife rod; 6. Connecting screw; 7. Orientation key; 8. Orientation slot; 9. First bearing; 10. Second bearing; 11. Servo motor; 12. Camshaft; 13. Connecting hole; 14. Connecting piece; 15. Motor seat; 16. Elastic piece; 17. Washer; 18. Dust cover; 19. Spring seat; 20. Knife holder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0024] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0025] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0026] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0027] Please also read Figure 1 , 3 and Figure 5 The chip breaking turning device provided in the embodiment of the present application is now described. The chip breaking turning device comprises a tool holder 20 and a tool, wherein the tool holder 20 is movably connected to the tool holder 20, and further comprises a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is used to drive the tool to move, and the cutting path of the tool is a sine curve.

[0028] See also Figure 5 (b), in the prior art, during the workpiece cutting process, since the cutting trajectory is a straight line, strip-shaped iron chips will be generated, which will be wrapped around the tool during the subsequent turning process, causing certain impacts and harm to the workpiece, tool and equipment. In this application, the tool is movably connected to the tool holder 20, and the tool is driven to move by the driving mechanism, while cooperating with the rotation of the workpiece, so that the tool and the cutting trajectory on the workpiece are sinusoidal curves. Figure 5 In (a), the tool cuts the workpiece twice, the first cutting forms tool trajectory 1, and the second cutting forms tool trajectory 2. The low point of tool trajectory 1 overlaps with the high point of tool trajectory 2, so that the strip iron chips are broken at the overlapping point, achieving the chip breaking effect. The chip breaking turning device provided by the present application has a wide range of applications, and can be used in CNC horizontal lathes, CNC vertical lathes, turning centers and other turning equipment. It is easy to install, has low manufacturing and use costs, maintains equipment accuracy for a longer time, and does not increase wear on the lead screw and guide rails.

[0029] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present application, the tool includes a tool bar 5 and a blade 1 mounted on the tool bar 5, and the tool bar 5 is movably connected to the tool holder 20. Specifically, the blade 1 is fixedly connected to the tool bar 5 by a positioning screw 3.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the tool further includes a knife pad 2, and the knife pad 2 is fixedly connected to the knife rod 5 and the blade 1 respectively.

[0031] See also Figure 3 In some embodiments of the present application, a sealing ring 4 is provided between the knife bar 5 and the knife holder 20. A plurality of mutually connected grooves are provided on the outer wall of the knife bar 5 along its length direction.

[0032] By arranging a plurality of mutually connected grooves on the tool rod, lubricating oil can be stored to lubricate the tool rod 5 and the tool holder 20 to reduce wear.

[0033] In other embodiments of the present application, the tool may also adopt other structures, which is not limited in the present application.

[0034] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 In some embodiments of the present application, the driving mechanism includes a servo motor 11 and a camshaft 12, the camshaft 12 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 11, a connecting hole 13 matching the camshaft 12 is opened on the tool rod 5, and the camshaft 12 is rotatably connected to the tool holder 20 through the connecting hole 13.

[0035] The servo motor 11 drives the camshaft 12 to rotate. When the camshaft 12 rotates, the tool rod 5 abuts against the camshaft 12, so the camshaft 12 drives the tool rod 5 to perform periodic reciprocating motion, thereby realizing sinusoidal cutting on the rotating workpiece.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, the servo motor 11 is connected to the tool holder 20 via a motor base 15 , and the motor base 15 and the tool holder 20 are connected via screws.

[0037] See also Figure 3 In some embodiments of the present application, both ends of the camshaft 12 are rotatably connected to the tool holder 20 via a first bearing 9 and a second bearing 10 respectively.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, the connecting hole 13 is a waist-shaped hole, and the width of the connecting hole 13 is greater than the maximum diameter of the camshaft 12 .

[0039] By setting the connecting hole 13 as a waist-shaped hole, the gap can be eliminated by the spring force and the friction can be reduced.

[0040] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments of the present application, the tool rod 5 is provided with an orientation groove 8 along its length direction, and the tool holder 20 is provided with an orientation key 7, which is slidably connected to the orientation groove 8.

[0041] The cooperation between the directional groove 8 and the directional key 7 can prevent the knife bar 5 from rotating, so that the angle of the blade 1 is fixed.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present application, the directional key 7 is fixedly connected to the tool holder 20 by a connecting screw 6. In other embodiments of the present application, the directional key 7 can also be fixedly connected to the tool holder 20 by other means, such as bolt connection, welding, snap connection, etc., which is not limited in the present application.

[0043] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4In some embodiments of the present application, the chip breaking turning device provided by the present application also includes a clamping mechanism, which is connected to the tool rod 5 and is used to ensure that the side of the camshaft 12 close to the blade 1 is always in contact with the side wall of the connecting hole 13.

[0044] The clamping mechanism can keep the side of the connecting hole 13 close to the blade 1 in close contact with the camshaft 12, so that the cutting depth of the blade 1 can be accurately controlled by the rotation of the camshaft 12. In conjunction with the rotation of the workpiece, a sinusoidal motion trajectory is formed on the workpiece surface.

[0045] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments of the present application, the clamping mechanism includes a connecting member 14 and an elastic member 16, one end of the connecting member 14 is fixedly connected to the end of the knife rod 5 away from the blade 1, and the other end is movably connected to the knife holder 20, and the elastic member 16 has a tendency to make the connecting member 14 and the knife rod 5 move away from each other.

[0046] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments of the present application, the clamping mechanism also includes a spring seat 19 and a washer 17, the spring seat 19 is fixedly connected to the tool holder 20, one end of the connecting member 14 passes through the spring seat 19 and is fixedly connected to the tool rod 5, the washer 17 is connected to the other end of the connecting member 14, and the elastic member 16 is located between the washer 17 and the spring seat 19.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, the elastic member 16 is a spring. Optionally, the elastic member 16 may also be other elastic components, such as a spring, etc., which is not limited in the present application.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the connecting member 14 is a screw, and the screw is threadedly connected to the arbor 5 .

[0049] Specifically, the spring washer is fixedly connected to the tool holder 20 by screws, and a sealing ring is arranged between the spring washer and the tool holder 20. The washer 17 is sleeved on the outside of the connecting member 14, and the cross-sectional shape of the washer 17 is a "J" shape. The elastic member 16 is sleeved on the outside of the washer 17, and the elastic member 16 is located between the washer 17 and the spring seat 19. Through the elastic force of the spring, the washer 17 has a tendency to move away from the spring washer, thereby pulling the connecting member 14, so that the connecting member 14 drives the knife rod 5 to move, so that the knife rod 5 and the camshaft 12 always maintain close contact.

[0050] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments of the present application, a dust cover 18 is also included, and the dust cover 18 is detachably connected to an end of the spring seat 19 away from the knife rod 5.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, the spring seat 19 is a hollow structure, the elastic member 16, the connecting member 14 and the washer 17 are all located on the inner side of the spring seat 19, and the dust cover 18 is threadedly connected to the open end of the spring seat 19 to prevent dust from entering the spring seat 19 and the tool holder 20, thereby reducing the failure rate.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the chip breaking and turning device further includes a controller (not shown), and the controller is electrically connected to the driving mechanism.

[0053] The controller is used to input cutting parameters (S, F values), S: revolutions per minute; F: amplitude value. The rotation frequency of the servo motor 11 is set according to the S and F values, thereby controlling the amplitude and frequency of the blade 1, so that the cutting path becomes a sinusoidal cutting, and the low point of the machined surface curve (i.e., tool trajectory 1) corresponds to the high point of the to-be-machined surface curve (i.e., tool trajectory 2), thereby achieving a chip breaking effect.

[0054] Specifically, the cutting parameters satisfy the following formula: Z = S*K

[0055] In the formula, Z represents the vibration frequency, S represents the spindle speed, and K represents the number of chip breaking times per revolution (integer + 0.5).

[0056] On the other hand, the present application also provides a low-frequency vibration turning chip breaking method, including controlling the cutting trajectory of the blade to be a sine curve, cutting in two times, and the low point of the curve of the machined surface formed on the workpiece surface after the first cutting corresponds to the high point of the curve of the cutting trajectory of the blade during the second cutting.

[0057] See also Figure 5 In (a), the trajectory of the first cutting is tool trajectory 1, and the trajectory of the second cutting is tool trajectory 2. The low point of tool trajectory 1 coincides with the high point of tool trajectory 2, forming an empty vibration zone. The strip-shaped chips are cut off in the empty vibration zone to achieve the chip breaking effect.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present application, the low-frequency vibration turning chip breaking method includes two cuttings, wherein the cutting trajectory of the blade is controlled to be a sine curve during the first cutting, and the cutting trajectory of the blade is controlled to be a straight line during the second cutting, and the low point of the machined surface curve formed on the workpiece surface after the first cutting is tangent to the cutting trajectory of the blade during the second cutting. That is, the first cutting trajectory is tangent to the second cutting trajectory, and the chip breaking effect can also be achieved.

[0059] It can be understood that the low-frequency vibration turning chip breaking method provided in the present application is suitable for rough turning, and the existing cutting method can be used for fine turning, and the present application does not limit it.

[0060] The chip breaking turning device and chip breaking method provided in the present application have a wide range of applications and can be used on CNC horizontal lathes, CNC vertical lathes, turning centers and other turning equipment. They are easy to install and have low manufacturing and use costs. The equipment accuracy is maintained for a longer period of time and will not increase wear on the screw rods and guide rails.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A chip breaking turning device, characterized in that: It includes a tool holder and a tool, wherein the tool is movably connected to the tool holder, and also includes a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is used to drive the tool to move, and the cutting path of the tool is a sine curve; The tool comprises a tool rod and a blade mounted on the tool rod, and the tool rod is movably connected to the tool holder; The driving mechanism comprises a servo motor and a camshaft, wherein the camshaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor, a connecting hole matching the camshaft is provided on the tool rod, and the camshaft passes through the connecting hole and is rotatably connected to the tool holder.

2. The chip breaking turning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knife rod is provided with an orientation groove along its length direction, and the knife holder is provided with an orientation key, and the orientation key is slidably connected with the orientation groove.

3. The chip breaking turning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a clamping mechanism, which is connected to the knife rod and is used to ensure that the side of the cam shaft close to the blade is always in contact with the side wall of the connecting hole.

4. The chip breaking turning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a connecting member and an elastic member, one end of the connecting member is fixedly connected to an end of the knife rod away from the blade, and the other end is movably connected to the knife holder, and the elastic member has a tendency to move the connecting member and the knife rod away from each other.

5. The chip breaking turning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism also includes a spring seat and a washer. The spring seat is fixedly connected to the tool holder. One end of the connecting member passes through the spring seat and is fixedly connected to the tool rod. The washer is connected to the other end of the connecting member. The elastic member is located between the washer and the spring seat.

6. The chip breaking turning device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a dust cover, which is detachably connected to an end of the spring seat away from the knife rod.

7. The chip breaking turning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the driving mechanism.

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