Directional grading crushing device for waste plastics

Abstract

The utility model discloses a waste plastic directional grading crushing device, which comprises a crushing box body, a grinding device, a transmission mechanism and a power device, the crushing box body is divided into a box body upper cover and a box body lower cover, the box body upper cover is provided with a feed hopper which is communicated with the whole box body, the box body lower cover is provided with a discharge port, a crushing mechanism and a screen are arranged in the crushing box body, and the grinding device is connected with the transmission mechanism. The crushing mechanism comprises a main shaft, a tripod, a tool rest, a tool and the like, the tripod is fixed on the main shaft, the tool rest and the tool are connected to the tripod through bolts, and the tool can be replaced by detaching the bolts; the grinding device comprises a fixed disc and a movable disc, the movable disc is provided with a feeder, and the fixed disc is provided with a collector. According to the utility model, the two-stage crushing system is adopted to crush and then grind waste plastics, and the crushing box body and the grinding device are matched with each other to process the waste plastics into particles with different particle sizes, so that the recovery efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of waste plastic recycling, and in particular relates to a waste plastic directional grading crushing device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, waste plastic pollution has become a global problem. While using a large number of plastic products, a large amount of plastic waste will also be produced, and white pollution is becoming more and more serious. The main treatment methods for these plastic wastes are landfill, centralized incineration and recycling. Since landfill treatment is low in cost, it is a commonly used method. However, the raw materials of these plastic products are polymer compounds. The time to degrade white pollution by landfilling and stacking is long, which will also cause unnecessary results. First, it occupies land resources, and second, it causes secondary pollution to the underground environment. Another method is to burn plastic waste to alleviate white pollution, but the incineration process will also produce many toxic and harmful gases. The treatment process is relatively complicated, the cost is slightly higher, and the economic benefits are not high. Therefore, in order to reduce the impact of waste plastics on the surrounding environment and consider the maximization of economic benefits, it is believed that the most effective solution is to crush and classify waste plastics for recycling and utilization. At present, the application of waste plastics in road engineering is an emerging field. Various scholars have also done a lot of research on this and have achieved certain results in engineering practice. Crushing waste plastics and adding them to asphalt as a modifier can improve the crack resistance, aging resistance and hydrolysis resistance of asphalt; crushing waste plastics and mixing them with concrete can improve the strength and durability of concrete materials and many other applications; when waste plastics are applied to road engineering, particle size will be an important factor. Under normal circumstances, the proportion of each grade in the second natural sand area (taking the median) is as follows: the particle size range is less than 0.075m m to 0.15mm accounts for 5%; particle size range of 0.15mm to 0.3mm accounts for 15%; particle size range of 0.3mm to 0.6mm accounts for 25.5%; particle size range of 0.6mm to 1.18mm accounts for 25.5mm; particle size range of 1.18mm to 2.36mm accounts for 17.5; particle size range of 2.36mm to 4.75mm accounts for 7.5%; particle size range of 4.75mm to 9.5mm accounts for 5%; However, there is no equipment that can produce plastic particles that meet the requirements of road engineering, which seriously affects the application scope and utilization efficiency of waste plastics.

[0003] In the prior art, a patent application with publication number CN219788957U discloses a waste plastic crushing device, which is powered by a motor to drive a cutter to rotate and cut, and is also provided with a screen inside for screening. However, it is difficult to control the particle size of the waste plastic using only this device, and it is difficult to continue to process waste plastics with different particle sizes or even smaller particles on one device. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a waste plastic directional grading crushing device to overcome the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model discloses a waste plastic directional grading crushing device, which adopts a two-stage crushing system to crush the waste plastic first and then grind it, and process the waste plastic into particles of different particle sizes, thereby improving the recycling efficiency and reducing the production cost.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0006] A waste plastic directional grading crushing device, comprising a crushing box and a grinding device;

[0007] The crushing box includes a cavity formed by an upper cover and a lower cover of the box and its internal components. Folding plates are provided on both sides of the upper cover and the lower cover of the box and are fixedly connected by bolts. The two sides of the lower cover of the box are fixedly connected to the side plates of the box. The side plates of the box are fixedly connected to the cross bars connected to the support frame to support the entire crushing box.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper cover of the crushing box is fixedly connected to the feed hopper, and the waste plastics enter the crushing box through the feed hopper. The lower cover of the crushing box is fixedly connected to the discharger, and the preliminarily crushed waste plastics are discharged through the discharger.

[0009] Furthermore, the crushing box cavity mainly includes a screen and a crushing mechanism, and the crushing mechanism includes a main shaft, a tripod, a tool holder and a cutter. The main shaft is arranged horizontally in the crushing box, and four tripods are evenly fixedly connected to the middle section of the main shaft. Three tool holders are respectively fixedly connected to the three corners of the tripod, and three cutters are respectively connected to the three tool holders by bolts. The later replacement of the cutters can be carried out by removing the bolts; the screen is installed at the lower cover of the box, and the inner side plate of the box for supporting the screen is fixedly connected to the inner side of the lower cover of the box, and the screen can be quickly replaced by pulling the screen hanging ear.

[0010] Furthermore, shaft sections for connecting transmission members and shaft sections for installing bearing seats are respectively provided on both sides of the main shaft. The bearing seats are fixedly connected to the bearing seat supports on both sides of the axial direction of the lower cover of the box body to support the entire main shaft and the parts on the shaft; the shaft sections for connecting transmission members on both sides of the main shaft are respectively installed with flywheels and box body driven wheels. The flywheel plays a role in balancing rotation and providing inertia. When the crushing mechanism is working, it can prevent vibration caused by imbalance, and can also use its inertia to keep the rotating props stable. The box body driven wheel receives power from the box body motor through belt 1.

[0011] Furthermore, the output end of the box motor is connected to a box driving wheel, and the box driving wheel is connected to the box driven wheel through a belt, thereby realizing power transmission, and the box motor is fixedly connected to the support frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the grinding device includes a moving plate, a fixed plate and a collector. The upper part of the moving plate is fixedly connected to the feeder, and the feeder is communicated with the working surface of the moving plate. After the waste plastics are initially crushed by the crushing box, they are transported from the feeder to the working surface of the moving plate for grinding. The moving plate is directly placed on the fixed plate. The working surfaces of the moving plate and the fixed plate are processed with 2-8 groups of concave-convex patterns, and the direction of each group of concave-convex patterns is different. Since the working surfaces of both are provided with special patterns, a certain gap will be left. After grinding, the waste plastics slide from all sides to the collector. The collector is provided with a discharge port, and the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the collector.

[0013] Furthermore, the power of the moving plate comes from the bevel gear box and grinding motor below. The output end of the grinding motor is connected to the driving wheel of the grinding motor. The driving wheel of the grinding motor is connected to the driven wheel of the bevel gear box through belt 2 to realize power transmission. The driven wheel of the bevel gear box is connected to the driving bevel gear. The driving bevel gear transmits power to the driven bevel gear, and then the driven bevel gear transmits power upward.

[0014] Furthermore, the other end of the driven bevel gear is fixedly connected to the transmission rod, and the transmission rod passes through the through hole at the center of the fixed plate until it reaches the axis of the moving plate. A power connection port is provided at the axis of the moving plate for connecting the transmission rod. The transmission rod is connected to the power connection port at the axis of the moving plate through a transmission connector to drive the rotation of the moving plate.

[0015] Furthermore, bearing covers are provided on both upper and lower sides of the axis hole of the fixed plate, and bearings are installed in the bearing covers for fixing the transmission rod, and the bearing covers are fixed to the fixed plate by bolts.

[0016] Furthermore, the bevel gear box and the grinding motor are respectively fixedly connected to the support frame.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0018] The utility model adopts a two-stage crushing system. After the waste plastics are initially crushed by the crushing mechanism, when the particle size of the waste plastics is smaller than the screen, the waste plastics fall into the grinding device through the discharge port, completing the initial crushing; the waste plastics enter the working surface of the moving disk through the feeder, and the moving disk and the fixed disk surface use patterns similar to stone mill patterns to grind the materials, and finally the waste plastic powder slides out from the gap between the moving disk and the fixed disk. In the utility model, the tool of the crushing mechanism can be replaced according to the characteristics of the waste plastics, and the screen can also be replaced according to demand. The utility model adopts a two-stage crushing system that can recycle waste plastics well, and the treatment of waste plastics has high environmental value. The integrated design greatly saves costs and improves efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working surface of the moving disk of the grinding device.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working surface of the fixed plate of the grinding device.

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of bevel gearbox transmission device.

[0024] Figure 6 It is the schematic diagram of the screen and the schematic diagram of the screen installation.

[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the bearing cover.

[0026] List of Figure Symbols:

[0027] 100, crushing box, 101, feed hopper, 102, discharger, 103, upper cover of box, 104, lower cover of box, 105, screen, 106, tool, 107, spindle, 108, tripod, 109, bearing seat, 110, cross bar, 111, tool holder, 112, box side plate, 113, screen hanging ear, 114, box inner side plate, 115, bearing seat, 200, grinding device, 201, feeder, 202, moving plate, 203, fixed plate, 204, fixed plate bearing cover, 20 5. Transmission connector, 206. Moving disc feeding port, 207. Moving disc transmission connection port, 208. Collector, 209. Discharge port, 301. Box motor, 302. Flywheel, 303. Bevel gearbox driven wheel, 304. Grinding motor, 305. Transmission rod, 306. Box driven wheel, 307. Driven bevel gear, 308. Driving bevel gear, 309. Bevel gearbox, 310. Belt 2, 311. Belt 1, 312. Grinding motor driving wheel, 313. Box driving wheel, 400. Support frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementations. It should be understood that the following specific implementations are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1: Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the waste plastic directional grading crushing device described in the utility model includes a crushing box 100 and a grinding mechanism. The crushing box 100 mainly includes a box upper cover 103, a box lower cover 104, a crushing mechanism and a screen 105.

[0030] Specifically, the upper cover 103 of the box body is fixedly connected to the feed hopper 101, the upper cover 103 of the box body is connected to the lower cover 104 of the box body by bolts through the folding plates on the left and right sides, the lower cover 104 of the box body is fixedly connected with the box side panels 112 below the folding plates on both sides, the box side panels 112 are fixedly connected to the cross bar 110 fixedly connected to the support frame 400 by bolts for supporting the crushing box body, the lower cover 104 of the box body is fixedly connected to the bearing seat pedestals 109 on both axial sides for supporting the bearing seat 115, and the lower cover 104 of the box body is fixedly connected to the discharger 102 at the bottom.

[0031] The crushing mechanism includes a main shaft 107, a tripod 108, a tool holder 111, a cutter 106, a flywheel 302 and a box driven wheel 306. The main shaft 107 is axially installed between the upper and lower covers of the box and is supported by a bearing seat 115. Four tripods 108 are fixedly connected to the middle section of the main shaft 107. The tool holder 111 is laterally fixedly connected between the four tripods 108. Three bolt holes are machined on the tool holder 111 for installing and removing the cutter 106. The flywheel 302 and the box driven wheel 306 on both sides of the main shaft 107 are connected to the main shaft 107 through keys.

[0032] Specifically, belt 1 311 connects the box driven wheel 306 with the box driving wheel 313, the box driving wheel 313 is connected to the output end of the box motor 301, and the box motor 301 is fixedly connected to the support frame 400 to drive the rotation and cutting of the crushing mechanism. The flywheel 302 installed at the other end of the main shaft 107 makes the rotating crushing mechanism rotate more smoothly.

[0033] The screen 105 is placed in the lower cover 104 of the box, and the lower cover 104 of the box is fixedly connected to the inner side plate 114 of the box on both axial sides. A part of the two sides of the screen 105 is reserved without processing the screen holes. When the screen 105 is placed in the crushing box 100, the part of the screen 105 with no screen holes is in contact with the inner side plate 114 of the box, which plays a role in supporting the screen 105. The screen 105 is also fixedly connected to the screen hanging ears 113 to facilitate the replacement of the screen 105.

[0034] The grinding device mainly includes a moving plate 202, a fixed plate 203 and a collector 208. The upper part of the moving plate 202 is fixedly connected to the feeder 201. The feeder 201 is communicated with the working surface of the moving plate 202 and is used to receive the waste plastic particles crushed by the crushing box 101. The fixed plate 203 is fixedly connected to the collector 208. The collector 208 is provided with a discharge port 209. A certain gap is left between the moving plate 202 and the fixed plate 203, so that the waste plastic particles can finally slide out from there.

[0035] Specifically, a hole is left at the axis center of the working surface of the moving disk 202 for power transmission and support, and a through hole is left at a position deviating from the axis center for material transportation. The working surfaces of the moving disk 202 and the fixed disk 203 are processed with 2-8 groups of concave-convex patterns, and the direction of each group of concave-convex patterns is different. They cooperate with each other to form a space similar to a "shear field", which can grind the waste plastic particles well.

[0036] Specifically, the axis of the fixed plate 203 is penetrated so that the transmission rod 305 can be successfully inserted into the transmission hole of the movable plate 202 . The working surface and the lower end surface of the axis of the fixed plate 203 are fixedly connected to the bearing cover 204 to support the transmission rod 305 .

[0037] Specifically, one end of the transmission rod 305 is connected to the bevel gear box 309, and the other end is connected to the transmission connector 205. The transmission connector 205 is connected to the axial connection hole of the moving plate 202. The power is driven by the bevel gear box 309 below to drive the transmission rod 305 to rotate, and then drives the moving plate 202 to move through the transmission connector 205.

[0038] Specifically, the bevel gear box 309 includes a driving bevel gear 308 and a driven bevel gear 307 . One end of the driven bevel gear 307 is connected to the transmission rod 305 , and one end of the driving bevel gear 308 is connected to the bevel gear box driven wheel 303 . The bevel gear box 309 is fixedly connected to the support frame 400 .

[0039] Specifically, the driven wheel 303 of the bevel gear box is connected to the driving wheel 312 of the grinding motor through the belt 2 310, and the driving wheel 312 of the grinding motor is connected to the output end of the grinding motor 304. The movement of the bevel gear box is driven by the belt transmission to control the operation of the grinding device.

[0040] Specifically, the grinding motor 304 is fixedly connected to the support frame 400 .

[0041] The overall working principle and process are as follows: waste plastics enter the crushing box 100 through the feed hopper 101 and reach the crushing mechanism. The box motor 301 drives the box driving wheel 313 to rotate, and drives the box driven wheel 306 to rotate through the belt 311. The box driven wheel 306 drives the main shaft 107 to rotate through the key connection, and the tripod 108 on the main shaft 107 also rotates. The tool holder 111 and the tool 106 fixed on the tripod start working. The waste plastics are cut into small particles by the tool 106 and fall onto the screen 105. The waste plastics with a particle size smaller than the size of the screen hole fall to the discharger 102 and are sent to the grinding device 200 below for secondary crushing; the waste plastic particles that have been crushed at the first level are sent to the working surface of the moving plate 202 and the fixed plate 203 through the feeder 201, and the grinding motor 304 at the bottom drives the grinding motor driving wheel 312 rotates, the grinding motor driving wheel 312 drives the driven wheel 303 of the bevel gear box to rotate through the belt 2 310, the driven wheel 303 of the bevel gear box drives the driving bevel gear 308 to rotate, the driving bevel gear 308 drives the driven bevel gear 307 to rotate, the driven bevel gear 307 drives the transmission rod 305 to rotate, the top of the transmission rod 305 is connected to the transmission connector 205, and the rotation of the moving disk 202 is driven by the transmission connector 205, so that the waste plastic particles between the moving disk 202 and the fixed disk 203 are ground, and the special patterns between the moving disk 202 and the fixed disk 203 cooperate with each other to form a space similar to a "shear field" to shear and grind the waste plastic, thereby greatly improving the grinding efficiency, and the ground waste plastic particles slide from the driven disk 202 and the fixed disk 203 into the collector 208, thus completing the whole process.

[0042] It should be noted that the above content only illustrates the technical idea of ​​the utility model and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the utility model. These improvements and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A waste plastic directional grading crushing device, characterized by: The invention comprises a crushing box (100), a grinding device (200) and a support frame (400), wherein the crushing box (100) and the grinding device (200) are arranged on the support frame (400), the upper crushing box (100) is connected to the lower grinding device (200), a feed hopper (101) is arranged above the crushing box (100), and a discharge port (209) is arranged outside the grinding device (200).

2. A waste plastic directional grading crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing box (100) comprises a box upper cover (103), a box lower cover (104), a crushing mechanism and a screen (105); The upper cover (103) and the lower cover (104) form a cavity. The feed hopper (101) is fixed above the upper cover (103). The upper cover (103) and the lower cover (104) are connected by bolts via folding plates on the left and right sides. The lower cover (104) is fixedly connected to side plates (112) below the folding plates on both sides. The side plates (112) are fixedly connected to a cross bar (110) fixedly connected to a support frame (400) via bolts for supporting the crushing box. The lower cover (104) is fixedly connected to bearing seat pedestals (109) on both axial sides for supporting a bearing seat (115). The lower cover (104) is fixedly connected to a discharger (102) below. The crushing mechanism comprises a main shaft (107), a tripod (108), a tool holder (111), a tool (106), a flywheel (302) and a box driven wheel (306); the main shaft (107) is axially installed between the upper and lower covers of the box and supported by a bearing seat (115); the middle section of the main shaft (107) is fixedly connected to four tripods (108); the tool holder (111) is laterally fixedly connected between the four tripods (108); three bolt holes are provided on the tool holder (111) for installing and removing the tool (106); the flywheel (302) and the box driven wheel (306) on both sides of the main shaft (107) are connected to the main shaft (107) through a key; The screen (105) is placed in the lower cover (104) of the box body. The lower cover (104) of the box body is fixedly connected to the inner side plate (114) of the box body at both sides in an axial direction. Both sides of the screen (105) are in contact with the inner side plate (114) of the box body, thereby supporting the screen (105).

3. A waste plastic directional grading crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The box driven wheel (306) is connected to the box driving wheel (313) via a belt 1 (311), the box driving wheel (313) is connected to the output end of the box motor (301), the box motor (301) is fixedly connected to the support frame (400), and a flywheel (302) is installed at the other end of the main shaft (107).

4. The waste plastic directional grading crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side of the screen (105) is fixedly connected to the screen hanging ear (113).

5. The waste plastic directional grading crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grinding device (200) comprises a moving disc (202), a fixed disc (203) and a material collector (208); the upper portion of the moving disc (202) is fixedly connected to a feeder (201); the discharger (102) faces the feeder (201); the feeder (201) is in communication with a working surface below the moving disc (202); the fixed disc (203) is fixedly connected to the material collector (208); and the material collector (208) is provided with a discharge port (209). A gap is left between the moving disk (202) and the fixed disk (203), a hole is left at the axis center of the working surface of the moving disk (202), and a through hole is left at a position deviating from the axis center. The working surfaces of the moving disk (202) and the fixed disk (203) are processed with 2-8 groups of concave-convex patterns, and the direction of each group of concave-convex patterns is different. A grinding motor (304) is provided below the fixed disk (203), and the grinding motor (304) is fixedly connected to the support frame (400).

6. The waste plastic directional grading crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The axis of the fixed plate (203) is penetrated to facilitate the transmission rod (305) to extend into the transmission hole of the movable plate (202). The working surface at the axis position and the lower end surface of the fixed plate (203) are fixedly connected to the bearing cover (204).

7. The waste plastic directional grading crushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the transmission rod (305) is connected to the bevel gear box (309), and the other end is connected to the transmission connector (205). The transmission connector (205) is connected to the axial connection hole of the moving plate (202). The power is driven by the bevel gear box (309) below to drive the transmission rod (305) to rotate, and then drives the moving plate (202) to move through the transmission connector (205).

8. The waste plastic directional grading crushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bevel gear box (309) includes a driving bevel gear (308) and a driven bevel gear (307), one end of the driven bevel gear (307) is connected to the transmission rod (305), one end of the driving bevel gear (308) is connected to the driven wheel (303) of the bevel gear box, the bevel gear box (309) is fixedly connected to the support frame (400), the driven wheel (303) of the bevel gear box is connected to the driving wheel (312) of the grinding motor through a second belt (310), and the driving wheel (312) of the grinding motor is connected to the output end of the grinding motor (304).

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