Optical system and glasses

Abstract

The utility model discloses an optical system and glasses, the optical system comprises a moth eye structure and an optical waveguide structure, and the optical waveguide structure comprises a coupling-in area and a coupling-out area; the moth eye structure is located on one side of the optical waveguide structure; the image light is coupled into the coupling-in area after being modulated by the moth eye structure, and is coupled out to the visual field of a user through the coupling-out area; the moth-eye structure comprises a plurality of moth-eye units, each moth-eye unit comprises a first surface and a second surface, the first surface is located on the side, away from the optical waveguide structure, of the second surface, and the area of the first surface is smaller than that of the second surface. By adopting the technical means, through the arrangement of the moth eye structure, the reflectivity of image light on the surface of the optical waveguide structure can be reduced, light waste is reduced, and the imaging effect is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of optics, in particular to an optical system and glasses. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, augmented reality technology has been widely used in urban planning, surgical diagnosis and treatment, entertainment and other fields, and has to some extent changed the way consumers, businesses interact with the digital world.

[0003] At present, the signal light emitted by the image source in the augmented reality system hits the surface of the optical waveguide after passing through the collimating lens. Part of the light enters the grating coupling area and undergoes total reflection, which is confined to continue transmitting forward in the optical waveguide; part of the reflected light is reflected back into the optical machine system. This part of the light is not only wasted, but may even participate in imaging, causing display problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The embodiments of the present utility model provide an optical system and glasses to reduce the reflectivity of image light on the surface of an optical waveguide structure, thereby reducing light waste and ensuring imaging effects.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical system, comprising a moth-eye structure and an optical waveguide structure, wherein the optical waveguide structure comprises an incoupling region and an outcoupling region;

[0006] The moth-eye structure is located on one side of the optical waveguide structure; the image light is modulated by the moth-eye structure and coupled into the coupling-in region, and is coupled out to the user's field of view through the coupling-out region;

[0007] The moth-eye structure includes a plurality of moth-eye units. The moth-eye unit includes a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is located on a side of the second surface away from the optical waveguide structure, and an area of ​​the first surface is smaller than an area of ​​the second surface.

[0008] Optionally, the cross-sectional area of ​​the moth-eye unit increases along the direction from the first surface to the second surface.

[0009] Optionally, a plurality of the moth-eye units are arranged in an array;

[0010] The moth-eye structure further includes a first moth-eye unit group, wherein the first moth-eye unit group includes three moth-eye units arranged in two adjacent rows of moth-eye units;

[0011] In a first polygon formed by connecting the centers of the first surfaces of the three moth-eye units in the same first moth-eye unit group, any internal angle θ1 of the first polygon satisfies 58°≤θ1≤62°.

[0012] Optionally, the shape of the first surface includes a first circle, and a radius R1 of the first circle satisfies: 230 nm ≤ R1 ≤ 250 nm.

[0013] Optionally, a plurality of the moth-eye units are arranged in an array;

[0014] The moth-eye structure further includes a second moth-eye unit group, wherein the second moth-eye unit group includes four moth-eye units arranged in two adjacent rows of moth-eye units and two adjacent columns of moth-eye units;

[0015] In a second polygon formed by connecting the centers of the first surfaces of the four moth-eye units in the same second moth-eye unit group, any internal angle θ1 of the second polygon satisfies 88°≤θ1≤92°.

[0016] Optionally, the shape of the first surface includes a second circle, and a radius R2 of the second circle satisfies: 235nm≤R2≤260nm.

[0017] Optionally, the shape of the first surface includes a third circle, the shape of the second surface includes a fourth circle, and the radius R3 of the third circle and the radius R4 of the fourth circle satisfy: R4=2R3.

[0018] Optionally, the height D of the moth-eye unit satisfies 350nm≤D≤380nm.

[0019] Optionally, the optical system further includes a light source structure;

[0020] The light source structure is located on a side of the moth-eye structure away from the optical waveguide structure, and is used for emitting the image light.

[0021] Optionally, the optical system further includes a collimating structure;

[0022] The collimating structure is located in the optical path between the light source structure and the moth-eye structure, and is used to collimate the image light.

[0023] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a pair of glasses comprising the optical system described in any one of the first aspects.

[0024] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present utility model is to set a moth-eye structure on one side of the optical waveguide structure, the moth-eye structure includes a plurality of moth-eye units, the first surface of the moth-eye unit is located on the side of the second surface away from the optical waveguide structure, and the area of ​​the first surface is smaller than the area of ​​the second surface, that is, the protrusion of the moth-eye structure is away from the optical waveguide structure, so that more image light can be incident on the surface of the moth-eye structure, and part of the image light incident on the surface of the moth-eye structure will be refracted on the surface of the moth-eye structure and then be incident on the coupling-in area of ​​the optical waveguide structure, and the other part will be refracted into the coupling-in area of ​​the optical waveguide structure after multiple reflections in the moth-eye structure, and will be totally reflected in the optical waveguide structure and coupled out to the user's field of view by the coupling-out area, so that the user can see the content presented in the light source structure. By setting the moth-eye unit, the reflectivity of the image light on the surface of the optical waveguide structure can be reduced, the waste of light can be reduced, and the imaging effect can be guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an optical system provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic top view of a first surface of a first moth-eye structure provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the curve showing the change in reflectivity of the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure on the surface of the optical waveguide structure and the radius of the first circle;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic top view of the first surface of the second moth-eye structure provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the change curve of the reflectivity of the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure on the surface of the optical waveguide structure and the radius of the second circle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all of its components.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "etc." and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the optical system includes a moth-eye structure 20 and an optical waveguide structure 30, wherein the optical waveguide structure 30 includes a coupling-in region 301 and a coupling-out region 302; the moth-eye structure 20 is located on one side of the optical waveguide structure 30; the image light is modulated by the moth-eye structure 20 and coupled into the coupling-in region 301, and coupled out to the user's field of view 40 through the coupling-out region 302; the moth-eye structure 20 includes a plurality of moth-eye units 201, and the moth-eye unit 201 includes a first surface 2011 and a second surface 2012, wherein the first surface 2011 is located on a side of the second surface 2012 away from the optical waveguide structure 30, and the area of ​​the first surface 2011 is smaller than the area of ​​the second surface 2012.

[0033] For details, please refer to Figure 1 The optical system further includes a light source structure 10 ; the light source structure 10 is located on a side of the moth-eye structure 20 away from the optical waveguide structure 30 and is used to emit image light.

[0034] For example, the light source structure 10 can be a screen device capable of emitting image light, such as a lighted electronic display (LED), a liquid crystal display (LCD), or an organic light emitting display (OLED). For example, the light source structure 10 can also be a projection device. The present embodiment does not specifically limit the type of light source structure 10, as long as it can emit image light.

[0035] Specifically, the moth-eye structure 20 can be understood as a nanoscale moth-eye biomimetic optical structure. By placing the moth-eye structure 20 between the light source structure 10 and the optical waveguide structure 30, the image light emitted by the light source structure 10 sequentially passes through the moth-eye structure 20, the coupling-in region 301, and the coupling-out region 302 of the optical waveguide structure 30. Furthermore, the moth-eye structure 20 includes a plurality of moth-eye units 201. The first surface 2011 of the moth-eye unit 201 is located on the side of the second surface 2012 away from the optical waveguide structure 30, and the area of ​​the first surface 2011 is smaller than the area of ​​the second surface 2012. In other words, the convex side of the moth-eye unit 201 is close to the light source structure 10. This ensures that more image light is incident on the surface of the moth-eye unit 201, and a portion of the image light incident on the surface of the moth-eye unit 201 will be refracted to the coupling-in region 301 of the optical waveguide structure 30. Another part of the image light will be refracted to the coupling-in area 301 after multiple reflections inside the moth-eye structure 20. Since the moth-eye unit 201 is nanometer-scale, the light after multiple reflections inside the moth-eye structure 20 will rarely enter the light source structure 10. This can improve the coupling-in rate of the image light and ensure that the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure 20 has a low reflectivity on the surface of the optical waveguide structure 30, that is, reduce the waste of image light. On the one hand, it can ensure the imaging effect, and on the other hand, it can prevent the light reflected to the light source structure from participating in the imaging and causing display problems.

[0036] Specifically, the light entering the coupling-in region 301 will be totally reflected in the optical waveguide structure 30, and then the light is confined in the optical waveguide structure 30 and continues to transmit forward, and is coupled out to the user's field of view by the coupling-out region 302, so that the user can see the content displayed in the light source structure 10, and the imaging effect is better.

[0037] It should be noted that the orthographic projection of the moth-eye structure 20 on the optical waveguide structure 30 covers the orthographic projection of the coupling region 301 on the optical waveguide structure 30, thereby ensuring that the image light is modulated by the moth-eye structure 20 and then incident on the optical waveguide structure 30, thereby reducing the reflectivity of the image light on the surface of the optical waveguide structure 30.

[0038] For example, the coupling-in region 301 of the optical waveguide structure 30 can be understood as the coupling-in side of the image light, and the coupling-out region 302 of the optical waveguide structure 30 can be understood as the coupling-out side of the light. For example, the material of the moth-eye structure 20 can be an anti-reflective nanomaterial, which can ensure that the reflection of the image light is reduced.

[0039] It is understandable that for ease of presentation, Figure 1 Only some of the rays are shown as examples.

[0040] The optical system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a moth-eye structure on one side of the optical waveguide structure, the moth-eye structure includes a plurality of moth-eye units, the first surface of the moth-eye unit is located on the side of the second surface away from the optical waveguide structure, and the area of ​​the first surface is smaller than the area of ​​the second surface, that is, the protrusion of the moth-eye structure is away from the optical waveguide structure, that is, toward the light source structure, so that more image light can be incident on the surface of the moth-eye structure, and part of the image light incident on the surface of the moth-eye structure will be refracted on the surface of the moth-eye structure and then be incident on the coupling-in area of ​​the optical waveguide structure, and the other part will be refracted into the coupling-in area of ​​the optical waveguide structure after multiple reflections in the moth-eye structure, and will be totally reflected in the optical waveguide structure and coupled out to the user's field of view by the coupling-out area, so that the user can see the content displayed in the light source structure. By providing the moth-eye unit, the reflectivity of the image light on the surface of the optical waveguide structure can be reduced, the waste of light can be reduced, and the imaging effect can be guaranteed.

[0041] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 , along the direction from the first surface 2011 to the second surface 2012 , the cross-sectional area of ​​the moth-eye unit 201 increases.

[0042] Specifically, along the direction from the first surface 2011 to the second surface 2012, the cross-sectional area of ​​the moth-eye unit 201 increases, that is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the moth-eye unit 201 changes gradually, and the side with a smaller cross-sectional area is located on the side close to the light source structure 10. This is beneficial for the moth-eye structure 20 to receive more image light, and the reflectivity of the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure 20 on the surface of the optical waveguide structure 30 is smaller, which can improve the utilization rate of the image light and the imaging effect.

[0043] Exemplarily, the shape of the moth-eye unit 201 may be a truncated cone, that is, the longitudinal cross-section of the moth-eye unit 201 is a trapezoid, and the cross-section is a circle.

[0044] Optional, Figure 2 A schematic top view of the first surface of the first moth-eye structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown as follows: Figure 2 As shown, multiple moth-eye units 201 are arranged in an array; the moth-eye structure 201 also includes a first moth-eye unit group 21, and the first moth-eye unit group 21 includes three moth-eye units 201 arranged in two adjacent rows of moth-eye units; a first polygon is formed by connecting the centers of the first surfaces 2011 of the three moth-eye units 201 in the same first moth-eye unit group 21, and any internal angle θ1 of the first polygon satisfies 58°≤θ1≤62°.

[0045] Specifically, the three moth-eye units 201 in the same first moth-eye unit group 21 are located in two adjacent rows, that is, each row in each moth-eye unit group 21 can include one moth-eye unit 201 or two moth-eye units 201, and the first polygon formed by the center lines connecting the first surfaces 2011 of the three moth-eye units 201, that is, the shape formed by the center lines connecting the first surfaces 2011 of the three moth-eye units 201 in the same first moth-eye unit group 21 can be a triangle.

[0046] Specifically, any interior angle θ1 of the first polygon satisfies 58°≤θ1≤62°. For example, θ1=60°, meaning the first polygon is an equilateral triangle. In other words, the moth-eye structure 20 is formed by an array of moth-eye units 201 whose centers are connected by a line forming an equilateral triangle.

[0047] It should be noted that Figure 2 The technical solution in which the moth-eye structure 20 includes two moth-eye unit rows is only exemplarily shown. It is understandable that the moth-eye structure 20 may also include four moth-eye unit rows or more moth-eye unit rows, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Further, Figure 3 for Figure 2 The corresponding schematic diagram of the curve of the reflectivity of the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure on the surface of the optical waveguide structure and the radius of the first circle is as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the shape of the first surface 2011 includes a first circle, and the radius R1 of the first circle satisfies: 230 nm ≤ R1 ≤ 255 nm.

[0049] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 It can be seen that when the radius R1 of the first circle satisfies 230nm≤R1≤255nm, the reflectivity of the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure 20 on the surface of the optical waveguide structure 30 is relatively small, which can, on the one hand, reduce the waste of image light and improve the imaging effect; on the other hand, it can prevent the image light from being reflected back to the light source structure on the surface of the optical waveguide structure 30 to participate in imaging and cause display problems.

[0050] For example, when R1=245nm, the reflectivity F of the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure 20 on the surface of the optical waveguide structure 30 is ≤0.03%. Such a low reflectivity is beneficial to further reduce the waste of image light and improve the imaging effect.

[0051] For example, when R1 is less than 230 nm, Figure 3 It can be seen that at this time, the reflectivity F is ≥ 0.1%, indicating that the reflectivity of the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure 20 is relatively high on the surface of the optical waveguide structure 30 , which will cause waste of the image light and affect the imaging effect.

[0052] For example, when R1>255nm, Figure 3 It can be seen that at this time, the reflectivity F is ≥ 0.1%, indicating that the reflectivity of the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure 20 is relatively high on the surface of the optical waveguide structure 30 , which will cause waste of the image light and affect the imaging effect.

[0053] Optional, Figure 4 A schematic top view of the first surface of the second moth-eye structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown as follows: Figure 4 As shown, multiple moth-eye units 201 are arranged in an array; the moth-eye structure 20 also includes a second moth-eye unit group 22, and the second moth-eye unit group 22 includes four moth-eye units 201 arranged in two adjacent rows of moth-eye unit rows and two adjacent columns of moth-eye unit columns; a second polygon is formed by connecting the centers of the first surfaces 2011 of the four moth-eye units 201 in the same second moth-eye unit group 22, and any internal angle θ1 of the second polygon satisfies 88°≤θ1≤92°.

[0054] Specifically, the four moth-eye units 201 in the same second moth-eye unit group 22 are arranged in two adjacent rows of moth-eye unit rows and two adjacent columns of moth-eye unit columns, that is, each moth-eye unit row in each moth-eye unit group 21 can include two moth-eye units 201, and each moth-eye unit column can include two moth-eye units 201. The second polygon formed by the center line connecting the first surfaces 2011 of the four moth-eye units 201, that is, the shape formed by the center line connecting the first surfaces 2011 of the four moth-eye units 201 in the same second moth-eye unit group 22 can be a rectangle.

[0055] Specifically, any interior angle θ2 of the second polygon satisfies 88°≤θ1≤92°. For example, θ2=90°, meaning the second polygon is a square. In other words, the moth-eye structure 20 is formed by arranging a plurality of moth-eye units 201 in an array whose centers are connected by a square.

[0056] It should be noted that Figure 4 The technical solution in which the moth-eye structure 20 includes four moth-eye unit rows and four moth-eye unit columns is shown for example only. It is understandable that the moth-eye structure 20 can also include six moth-eye unit rows and six moth-eye unit columns or more, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.

[0057] Further, Figure 5 for Figure 4 The corresponding schematic diagram of the curve of the reflectivity of the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure on the surface of the optical waveguide structure and the radius of the second circle is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the shape of the first surface 2011 includes a second circle, and the radius R2 of the second circle satisfies: 235nm≤R2≤260nm.

[0058] Specifically, refer to Figure 5 It can be seen that when the radius R2 of the second circle satisfies 235nm≤R2≤260nm, the reflectivity of the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure 20 on the surface of the optical waveguide structure 30 is relatively small, which can reduce the waste of image light and improve the imaging effect on the one hand, and prevent the image light from being reflected on the surface of the optical waveguide structure 30 back to the light source structure 10 to participate in imaging and cause display problems on the other hand.

[0059] For example, when R2=250nm, the reflectivity F of the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure 20 on the surface of the optical waveguide structure 30 is ≤0.03%. Such a low reflectivity is beneficial to further reduce the waste of image light and ensure the imaging effect.

[0060] For example, when R2 is less than 235 nm, Figure 5 It can be seen that at this time, the reflectivity F is ≥ 0.13%, indicating that the reflectivity of the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure 20 is relatively high on the surface of the optical waveguide structure 30 , which will cause waste of image light and affect the imaging effect.

[0061] For example, when R1>260nm, Figure 5 It can be seen that at this time, the reflectivity F is ≥ 0.1%, indicating that the reflectivity of the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure 20 is relatively high on the surface of the optical waveguide structure 30 , which will cause waste of the image light and affect the imaging effect.

[0062] Optionally, the shape of the first surface includes a third circle, and the shape of the second surface includes a fourth circle. The radius R3 of the third circle and the radius R4 of the fourth circle satisfy: R4 = 2R3, i.e., the radius of the second surface is twice the radius of the first surface. It will be appreciated that in a top view, any two adjacent second surfaces are tangent to each other, which helps ensure that the image light is modulated by the moth-eye structure and incident on the optical waveguide structure 30.

[0063] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 The reflectivity F of the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure 20 on the surface of the optical waveguide structure 30 satisfies F≤0.03%, indicating that the reflectivity of the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure 20 on the surface of the optical waveguide structure 30 is relatively low. This can, on the one hand, reduce the waste of image light and improve the imaging effect; on the other hand, it can prevent the image light from being reflected back to the light source structure on the surface of the optical waveguide structure 30 to participate in imaging, causing display problems.

[0064] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 , the height D of the moth-eye unit 201 satisfies 350nm≤D≤380nm.

[0065] Specifically, the height D of the moth-eye unit 201 satisfies 350nm≤D≤380nm. This can ensure that the moth-eye structure 20 is small in size and meets the miniaturization setting of the optical system. On the other hand, it can ensure the modulation effect of the moth-eye structure 20 on the image light, that is, a portion of the image light incident on the surface of the moth-eye unit 201 will be refracted to the coupling-in area 301 of the optical waveguide structure 30, and another portion of the image light will be refracted to the coupling-in area 301 after multiple reflections inside the moth-eye structure 20. Since the moth-eye unit 201 is nanometer-sized, the light after multiple reflections inside the moth-eye structure 20 rarely enters the light source structure 10. This can improve the coupling-in rate of the image light and ensure that the reflectivity of the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure 20 on the surface of the optical waveguide structure 30 is small, that is, the waste of image light is reduced. On the one hand, it can ensure the imaging effect, and on the other hand, it can prevent the light reflected to the light source structure from participating in the imaging and causing display problems.

[0066] For example, Figure 2 and Figure 4 The height of the moth-eye structures 20 is 350 nm.

[0067] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The optical system further includes a collimating structure 40 ; the collimating structure 40 is located in the optical path between the light source structure 10 and the moth-eye structure 20 , and is used to collimate the image light.

[0068] Specifically, the image light emitted by the light source structure 10 is first collimated by the collimating structure 40. The collimated light is then coupled out to the user's field of view through the moth-eye structure 20 and the optical waveguide structure 30, allowing the human eye to see the content displayed by the light source structure 10. Providing the collimating structure 40 in the propagation path of the image light can improve the focusing effect of the image light, thereby improving the imaging quality.

[0069] In summary, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical system, which arranges a moth-eye structure on one side of an optical waveguide structure, and the moth-eye unit includes a first surface and a second surface, the first surface is located on the side of the second surface away from the optical waveguide structure, and the area of ​​the first surface is smaller than the area of ​​the second surface. In this way, on the one hand, more image light can be incident on the surface of the moth-eye structure, and on the other hand, a part of the image light incident on the surface of the moth-eye structure will be refracted on the surface of the moth-eye structure and then enter the coupling-in area of ​​the optical waveguide structure, and the other part will be refracted into the coupling-in area of ​​the optical waveguide structure after multiple reflections in the moth-eye structure, and will be totally reflected in the optical waveguide structure, and will be coupled out to the user's field of view by the coupling-out area, so that the user can see the content presented in the light source structure. By setting the moth-eye unit, the reflectivity of the image light on the surface of the optical waveguide structure can be reduced, the waste of light can be reduced, and the imaging effect can be ensured. In addition, by patterning the moth-eye structure, that is, the centers of the first surfaces in the same moth-eye unit group can be arranged into a triangle or a rectangle, and by designing the size of the first surface, on the one hand, it can ensure that the reflectivity F of the image light modulated by the moth-eye structure on the surface of the optical waveguide structure is ≤ 0.03%, and on the other hand, it can achieve diversified settings of the optical system.

[0070] Based on the same utility model concept, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a pair of glasses, which includes the optical system in the above embodiment. Therefore, the glasses provided by the embodiment of the present invention also have the beneficial effects described in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0071] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments, combinations, and substitutions are possible for those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An optical system, characterized in that: It includes a moth-eye structure and an optical waveguide structure, wherein the optical waveguide structure includes an incoupling region and an outcoupling region; The moth-eye structure is located on one side of the optical waveguide structure; the image light is modulated by the moth-eye structure and coupled into the coupling-in region, and coupled out to the user's field of view through the coupling-out region; The moth-eye structure includes a plurality of moth-eye units. The moth-eye unit includes a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is located on a side of the second surface away from the optical waveguide structure, and an area of ​​the first surface is smaller than an area of ​​the second surface.

2. The optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that The cross-sectional area of ​​the moth-eye unit increases gradually along a direction from the first surface to the second surface.

3. The optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that A plurality of moth-eye units are arranged in an array; The moth-eye structure further includes a first moth-eye unit group, wherein the first moth-eye unit group includes three moth-eye units arranged in two adjacent rows of moth-eye units; A first polygon formed by connecting the centers of the first surfaces of the three moth-eye units in the same first moth-eye unit group, any internal angle θ1 of the first polygon satisfies 58°≤θ1≤62°.

4. The optical system according to claim 3, characterized in that The shape of the first surface includes a first circle, and a radius R1 of the first circle satisfies: 230nm≤R1≤255nm.

5. The optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that A plurality of moth-eye units are arranged in an array; The moth-eye structure further includes a second moth-eye unit group, wherein the second moth-eye unit group includes four moth-eye units arranged in two adjacent rows of moth-eye unit rows and two adjacent columns of moth-eye unit columns; A second polygon formed by connecting the centers of the first surfaces of four moth-eye units in the same second moth-eye unit group, any internal angle θ1 of the second polygon satisfies 88°≤θ1≤92°.

6. The optical system according to claim 5, characterized in that The shape of the first surface includes a second circle, and a radius R2 of the second circle satisfies: 235nm≤R2≤260nm.

7. The optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that The shape of the first surface includes a third circle, the shape of the second surface includes a fourth circle, and the radius R3 of the third circle and the radius R4 of the fourth circle satisfy: R4=2R3.

8. The optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that The height D of the moth-eye unit satisfies 350nm≤D≤380nm.

9. The optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that The optical system also includes a light source structure; The light source structure is located on a side of the moth-eye structure away from the optical waveguide structure, and is used for emitting the image light.

10. The optical system according to claim 9, characterized in that The optical system also includes a collimation structure; The collimating structure is located in the light path between the light source structure and the moth-eye structure, and is used to collimate the image light.

11. A pair of glasses, characterized in that: The optical system comprises any one of claims 1 to 10.

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