Free falling body experiment device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a free fall experiment device, which comprises a base, a stand column, a support and at least two spheres with different masses, the stand column is fixedly connected to the base, the support is fixedly connected to the top of the stand column and extends outwards, and a sphere placing piece is hung on the extension part of the support; at least two ball bearing pieces are arranged below the ball placing piece; the sphere bearing piece comprises a cylinder and a bottom plate, the cylinder is vertically arranged and located on the upper portion of the bottom plate, the bottom plate and the cylinder are connected through insulating materials and are conductors, and the sphere is made of conductor materials. The initial position of the ball is located in the ball placing piece, and the end position of the ball is located in the ball bearing piece. The display part is electrically connected with the power supply through the cylinder, the ball body and the bottom plate. According to the utility model, the sphere and the sphere bearing piece are made into a switch form, the experiment precision is high, economy and practicability are realized, and the service life is long.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of physical experiments, in particular to a free fall experiment device. Background Art

[0002] The free fall experiment is a compulsory course in physics learning in primary and secondary schools. The existing free fall experiment demonstration device uses a pressure sensor to collect the time when the ball falls to the ground and then displays it on a display. This method is to set the sensor at the place where the iron ball falls to the ground. When the iron ball generates pressure on the sensor, the landing time can be collected. Although this method is intuitive and convenient, due to the relatively large impact force of the falling ball, it is easy to be damaged and desensitized after a long time of use, resulting in large experimental errors and the need to frequently replace the sensor. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a free fall experiment device to address the deficiencies of the prior art, which can immediately obtain a signal when the ball travels to the end, has strong timeliness, improves the experiment accuracy, has a long service life and is cost-effective.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is: it includes a base, a column, a bracket and at least two spheres of different masses, the column is fixedly connected to the base, the bracket is fixedly connected to the top of the column and extends outward, and a sphere placement piece is suspended on the extended part of the bracket; at least two sphere receiving pieces are arranged below the sphere placement piece; the sphere receiving piece includes a cylinder and a bottom plate, the cylinder is vertically arranged and located on the upper part of the bottom plate, the bottom plate and the cylinder are connected by insulating material, the bottom plate and the cylinder are both conductors, and the sphere is made of conductive material; the initial position of the sphere is located in the sphere placement piece, and the terminal position of the sphere is located in the sphere receiving piece; it also includes a display piece and a power supply, and the display piece is electrically connected to the power supply through the cylinder, the sphere and the bottom plate.

[0005] Furthermore, the display element is a trolley moving at a constant speed.

[0006] Furthermore, the bottom plate is arranged to be inclined, and the centers of the bottom plates of all the ball receiving parts are located on the same horizontal plane.

[0007] Furthermore, a raised contact point is provided in the middle of the bottom plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the lower part of the ball placement piece includes at least two short guide tubes, and an electromagnet for attracting the ball is arranged inside the short guide tube, and the ball is an iron ball.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a horizontal plate, the ball receiving member is arranged on the upper part of the horizontal plate, and the horizontal plate is plugged into the base.

[0010] Furthermore, the base, the column and the bracket are detachably connected, and a positioning laser pen is provided at the intersection of the bracket and the column, and a positioning point corresponding to the light spot of the positioning laser pen is provided on the horizontal plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the columns are of a detachable multi-section splicing structure, and columns of different heights are adapted to different horizontal plates. Furthermore, there are two spheres.

[0012] The working principle and beneficial effects adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems are as follows: the bottom plate and cylinder of the sphere and the sphere receiving part are all made of conductive materials, and the cylinder and the bottom plate are connected by insulating materials. When the sphere is located in the sphere receiving part, the sphere receiving part is in a conducting state, otherwise it is in a disconnected state. The display part and the power supply are electrically connected through the sphere receiving part. When the sphere is in the initial position, the display part is not energized. When the sphere freely falls into the conducting cylinder and the bottom plate of the sphere receiving part, the display part is energized, and the free fall sequence of each sphere can be judged by the signal displayed by the display part. The switch structure formed by the sphere and the sphere receiving part has strong reliability, less interference, high experimental precision, and can greatly improve the durability of the experimental device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a ball receiving member;

[0015] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the base and the horizontal plate.

[0016] Component numbers: base 1, horizontal plate 11, column 2, bracket 3, sphere placement part 4, guide short tube 41, sphere receiving part 5, cylinder 51, bottom plate 52, raised contact 53, uniform speed moving trolley 6, positioning laser pen 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the following will be described clearly and completely in combination with the technical solution in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are partial embodiments of the utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0018] See also Figures 1 to 3, including a base 1, a column 2, a bracket 3 and at least two spheres of different masses, the column 2 is fixedly connected to the base 1, the bracket 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the column 2 and extends outward, a sphere placement piece 4 is suspended on the extended part of the bracket 3, and at least two sphere receiving pieces 5 are arranged below the sphere placement piece 4; the sphere receiving piece 5 includes a cylinder 51 and a bottom plate 52, the cylinder 51 is vertically arranged and located on the upper part of the bottom plate 52, the bottom plate 52 and the cylinder 51 are connected by insulating material, the bottom plate 52 and the cylinder 51 are both conductors, and the sphere is made of conductive material; the initial position of the sphere is located in the sphere placement piece 4, and the terminal position of the sphere is located in the sphere receiving piece 5; it also includes a display piece and a power supply, and the display piece is electrically connected to the power supply through the cylinder 51, the sphere and the bottom plate 52.

[0019] A free fall experiment device comprises a base 1, a column 2, a bracket 3 and at least two spheres of different weights, wherein the column 2 is fixedly connected to the base 1, and the bracket 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the column 2 and extends outward, and the connection methods thereof can be plug-in or snap-in, and a sphere placement piece 4 is suspended on the extension part of the bracket 3, which is convenient for installing the sphere placement piece 4, and the free fall of the sphere is not affected. The ball placement piece 4 can hold at least two balls of different masses, and all the balls are placed at the same height and fall at the same time; at least two ball receiving pieces 5 are arranged below the ball placement piece 4; the ball receiving piece 5 comprises a cylinder 51 and a bottom plate 52, the cylinder 51 is vertically arranged and located on the upper part of the bottom plate 52, the bottom plate 52 and the cylinder 51 are connected by insulating material, both the bottom plate 52 and the cylinder 51 are conductors, and the ball is made of conductive material; in this way, the cylinder 51 of the ball receiving piece 5 is insulated from the bottom plate 52, and they will not be connected to each other to form a short circuit, the insulating material can be a sealing gasket or a connecting strip, etc., and the cylinder 51 and the bottom plate 52 are connected by bonding or embedding; the ball is made of conductive material, and the ball moves at an equal distance. In the free fall motion experiment, the movement distance of the experimental body must be equal. In the initial state, the ball is located in the ball placement part 4; in the final state, the ball is located in the ball receiving part 5, and the ball is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder 51 and the bottom plate 52 respectively. When the ball is located in the ball placement part 4, the distance between the bottom of each ball and the bottom plate 52 is equal. The ball receiving part 5 and the ball can be matched with each other in a clearance, and the ball is placed in the ball receiving part 5 and contacts the inner wall of the cylinder and the bottom plate; when setting, the height of the cylinder 51 is greater than the radius of the ball and less than the diameter of the ball, so that the ball can be ensured to contact the inner wall of the cylinder, and the friction between the cylinder and the ball is also reduced, thereby reducing the experimental error.

[0020] It also includes a display element and a power source. When the cylinder 51 and the bottom plate 52 are in contact, the bottom plate 52, the cylinder 51, the display element and the power source form a closed loop, and each component is connected by a wire. When the ball reaches the end of its travel and contacts the ball receiving member 5, the power source and the display element are connected to form a loop, and the display element works. The display element can be set as an indicator light, a reader, a mover, etc., which can clearly observe the order of conduction.

[0021] During the experiment, spheres of the same conductive material of different sizes can be used. In this case, the size of the sphere receiving member 5 used is adapted to the sphere, and the free fall distance is the same. The spheres are of different sizes, and when the spheres start to fall, the distance between their bottoms and the bottom of the sphere receiving member 5 is equal.

[0022] The spheres can also be made of different conductive materials, and they have the same size but different weights. Different masses of the spheres are a necessary condition for the experiment. The same size but different masses make the resistance encountered by the spheres in the falling process the same, and the contact conditions with the sphere receiving member 5 are the same, so that there is only one variable in the experiment, making the experiment more accurate and increasing the reliability of the experiment.

[0023] The bottom plate 52 and the cylinder 51 of the sphere and the sphere receiving part 5 are all made of conductive materials, and the cylinder 51 and the bottom plate 52 are connected by insulating materials. When the sphere is located in the sphere receiving part 5, the sphere receiving part 5 is in a conducting state, otherwise it is in a disconnected state. The display part and the power supply are electrically connected through the sphere receiving part 5. When the sphere is in the initial position, the display part is not powered. When the sphere freely falls into the conducting cylinder 51 and the bottom plate 52 of the sphere receiving part 5, the display part is powered, and the free fall sequence of each sphere can be judged by the signal displayed by the display part. The switch structure formed by the sphere and the sphere receiving part has strong reliability, less interference, high experimental accuracy, and can greatly improve the durability of the experimental device.

[0024] During the experiment, two balls with different weights and conductive properties are generally dropped from the same height at the same time and fall into the ball receiving part 5. The cylinder and bottom plate of the ball and the ball receiving part 5 are made of materials with conductive functions. The bottom and side walls of the ball receiving part 5 are connected to the power supply and the display part respectively. When the ball contacts the bottom and side walls of the ball receiving part 5, the power supply and the display part form a closed circuit, and the display part displays. The landing order of each ball is judged by the signal displayed by the display part; the ball and the ball receiving part 5 are made into a switch form, which has strong reliability, adopts a single-function conductive property, has less interference, and has high experimental accuracy. The conductive function of the ball is used to judge whether the ball stroke is completed, which has strong timeliness and high accuracy. The ball and the ball receiving part 5 are made into a switch form, which has high experimental accuracy, is economical and has a long service life.

[0025] Furthermore, the display element is a uniform moving trolley 6. Currently, indicator lights are mostly used to show whether the ball has landed. Since the teaching experimental device has a relatively simple structure, the height of the free fall is limited, and the time for the ball to fall is extremely short, it is difficult to observe the order in which the indicator lights light up with the naked eye, which ultimately leads to large experimental errors or even wrong conclusions. With a uniform moving trolley 6, when the power supply is connected to the uniform moving trolley 6, the uniform moving trolley 6 starts to move, and the sphere with a long moving distance ends its journey first, and the sphere with a short moving distance ends its journey later. When the moving distances are the same, the journeys end at the same time. Figure 1 In the experiment, two balls fall at the same time, two uniform moving carts 6 with the same speed are used, a reference object is set between the two uniform moving carts 6, and the order in which the balls end their journey is determined by the distance between each uniform moving cart 6 and the reference object.

[0026] Furthermore, the bottom plate 52 is tilted. The tilted setting facilitates the close contact between the ball and one side wall, making it more reliable. Since the ball always has a light gap with the side wall of the ball receiving member 5 after landing, it does not affect the circuit connection time, but only increases the fit between the ball and the side wall. The tilt of the bottom plate is set to be small, and the angle can be 0-1 degree. When using balls of different sizes, the influence on the movement distance of the ball can be ignored.

[0027] A raised contact point 53 is provided in the middle of the bottom plate 52. This makes the contact between the ball and the bottom more reliable and increases the fit between the ball and the side wall.

[0028] At least two guide short tubes 41 are arranged at the lower part of the ball placement part 4, and a ball is arranged in each guide short tube (41). In the laboratory, two balls are generally dropped at the same time. An electromagnet for attracting the ball is arranged inside the guide short tube 41, and the ball is an iron ball. The ball can also be made of a conductive original magnetic material. The ball is arranged in the guide short tube 41, so that the balls will not affect each other when they fall. The small ball is made of an electromagnet and a conductive original magnetic material. When the electromagnet is turned on, the small ball is attracted. The electromagnets of all the small balls are controlled by the same power supply. When the switch is turned off, the magnetism disappears and all the small balls fall from the same height at the same time. In this way, the small balls can be guaranteed to fall at the same time, thereby improving the experimental accuracy.

[0029] The upper surface of the base 1 is an inclined surface, the column 2 is vertically arranged with the upper surface of the base 1, and the bracket 3 is parallel to the top of the column 2. In this way, the column 2 is inclined, which is close to Galileo's Leaning Tower of Pisa experiment, increasing the interest of the experiment.

[0030] The base 1, the column 2 and the bracket 3 are detachably connected, and can be plugged in, snapped in, etc., for easy storage. The column 2 is a detachable multi-section type. Figure 1As shown, the plug-in type is adopted, and the height of the column 2 can be adjusted at will, so that the free fall height becomes a variable, and multiple groups of experiments can be carried out to increase the reliability of the experiment. A positioning laser pen 7 is provided at the intersection of the bracket 3 and the column 2, and the ball receiving part is arranged on the horizontal plate 11, and the horizontal plate 11 is plugged into the base, and a positioning point corresponding to the positioning laser pen 7 is provided on the horizontal plate 5 located below the positioning laser pen 7 (not marked in the figure). The mounting part of the ball receiving part 5 is the horizontal plate 11, and when the height of the column 2 is different, the horizontal plate 11 used is different, and each horizontal plate 11 is provided with the mounting position of the ball receiving part 5 and the positioning point of the positioning laser pen 7. When the horizontal plate 11 is plugged into the column 2, the light spot of the positioning laser pen 7 hits the positioning point, and at this time, the small ball falls accurately into the ball receiving part 5 after free fall.

[0031] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the utility model in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the scope of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A free fall experiment device, comprising a base (1), a column (2), a bracket (3) and at least two spheres of different masses, wherein the column (2) is fixedly connected to the base (1), the bracket (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the column (2) and extends outward, and a sphere placement piece (4) is suspended on the extended portion of the bracket (3), characterized in that: At least two ball receiving parts (5) are provided below the ball placement part (4); the ball receiving part (5) comprises a cylinder (51) and a bottom plate (52); the cylinder (51) is vertically arranged and located on the top of the bottom plate (52); the bottom plate (52) and the cylinder (51) are connected by insulating material; and both the bottom plate (52) and the cylinder (51) are conductors; The sphere is made of a conductive material; the initial position of the sphere is located in the sphere placement piece (4), and the final position of the sphere is located in the sphere receiving piece (5); It also includes a display element and a power source, wherein the display element is electrically connected to the power source via a cylinder (51), a sphere, and a bottom plate (52).

2. The free fall experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display element is a uniformly moving trolley (6).

3. The free fall experimental device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The bottom plate (52) is arranged tilted.

4. The free fall experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A raised contact point (53) is provided in the middle of the bottom plate (52).

5. The free fall experimental device according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: The ball placement piece (4) comprises at least two short guide tubes (41), an electromagnet for attracting the ball is arranged inside the short guide tube (41), and the ball is an iron ball.

6. The free fall experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ball placement piece (4) comprises at least two short guide tubes (41), an electromagnet for attracting the ball is arranged inside the short guide tube (41), and the ball is an iron ball.

7. The free fall experimental device according to claim 1, 2, 4 or 6, characterized in that: It also comprises a horizontal plate (11), the ball receiving member is arranged on the horizontal plate (11), and the horizontal plate (11) is plugged into the base.

8. The free fall experimental device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The base (1), the column (2) and the bracket (3) are detachably connected, and a positioning laser pen (7) is provided at the intersection of the bracket (3) and the column (2), and a positioning point corresponding to the light spot of the positioning laser pen (7) is provided on the horizontal plate (11).

9. The free fall experimental device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upright column (2) is a detachable multi-section splicing structure, and upright columns (2) of different heights are adapted to different horizontal plates (11).

10. The free fall experiment device according to claim 9, characterized in that: There are two spheres.

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