Automatic drainage three-dimensional cultivation device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic drainage three-dimensional cultivation device which comprises a water tank, a water pump, a planting frame, a water inlet assembly, a drainage assembly and cultivation containers, the planting frame comprises a plurality of layers of frame bodies, a plurality of cultivation containers are arranged on each layer of frame body, the water inlet assembly comprises a water inlet pipe and a water inlet connecting pipe, and the drainage assembly comprises an outer cover, a control pipe and a drainage pipe. The outer cover is of a cylindrical structure with one open end, the control pipe and the drainage pipe are both of a cylindrical structure with two open ends and are both arranged on the center line in the outer cover, the bottom end of the control pipe is connected with the drainage pipe, and the bottom of the drainage pipe extends out of the outer cover and extends into the cultivation container on the next layer. According to the three-dimensional cultivation device capable of automatically draining water, water in the cultivation container can be automatically drained, the roots of plants are exposed in the air, the root systems of the plants are prevented from being soaked in the water for a long time, and root rot is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of plant planting devices, in particular to an automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device. Background Art

[0002] Three-dimensional cultivation, also known as vertical cultivation, is a three-dimensional soilless cultivation. This type of cultivation is carried out without affecting the plane cultivation. It is carried out through columnar cultivation erected on all sides or layered cultivation in a vertical gradient in the form of racks or hanging. It develops from the plane to the space, making full use of the space to improve the land utilization rate.

[0003] Three-dimensional hydroponics is an innovative agricultural planting technology that combines hydroponic cultivation with three-dimensional structure. The common hydroponics method at present is to immerse the plant roots in nutrient solution. The disadvantage of this planting method is that it cannot automatically discharge the excess water in the planting container, causing the roots in the planting container to be soaked in water all the time. The roots cannot be exposed to the air regularly for ventilation, causing plant roots to lack oxygen, affecting root breathing, and causing root rot. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device. Specifically, the utility model mainly includes the following contents.

[0005] The utility model provides an automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device, comprising a water tank, a water pump, a planting frame, a water inlet assembly, a water discharge assembly and a cultivation container, wherein the planting frame comprises a multi-layer frame, and a plurality of cultivation containers are arranged on each layer of the frame; the water inlet assembly comprises a water inlet pipe and a water inlet connecting pipe; the water discharge assembly comprises an outer cover, a control pipe and a drain pipe; the outer cover is a cylindrical structure with an opening at one end; the control pipe and the drain pipe are both cylindrical structures with openings at both ends; the control pipe and the drain pipe are both arranged on the center line inside the outer cover; the bottom end of the control pipe is connected to the drain pipe; the bottom end of the drain pipe extends out of the outer cover; and the bottom end of the drain pipe extends into the cultivation container of the next layer.

[0006] In certain embodiments, according to the automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device of the utility model, the planting rack is a tubular three-dimensional planting rack, which includes a plurality of transverse tubes and longitudinal tubes, and the transverse tubes and longitudinal tubes are connected by pipe joints to form a multi-layer planting tube, and the water-draining assembly is arranged on each layer of the planting tube.

[0007] In certain embodiments, according to the automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device of the utility model, rubber plugs are provided at the connection between the pipe joint and the lower longitudinal pipe.

[0008] In certain embodiments, according to the automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device of the present invention, the control pipe is threadedly connected to the drainage pipe, so that the height of the control pipe can be adjusted by rotating the thread.

[0009] In certain embodiments, according to the automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device of the utility model, the cultivation container is a bottle-shaped container with upper and lower openings, which is thick at the top and thin at the bottom. The bottom end of the cultivation container is connected to the horizontal pipe on the planting rack through a pipe joint.

[0010] In certain embodiments, according to the automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device of the utility model, a hollow cup is provided in the cultivation container, the shape of the hollow cup is adapted to the cultivation container, and hollow grooves are provided on the side and bottom of the hollow cup.

[0011] In certain embodiments, according to the automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device of the utility model, a matrix is ​​arranged in the hollow cup, and a filter net is arranged at the bottom of the cultivation container.

[0012] In some embodiments, according to the automatic drainage three-dimensional cultivation device of the utility model, the end of the drainage pipe is a curved pipe, the curved pipe is inclined downward, and the angle a between the curved pipe and the axial center line of the drainage pipe is not greater than 60 0 .

[0013] In certain embodiments, according to the automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device of the utility model, the end of the drainage pipe on the bottom planting tube extends into the water tank.

[0014] In certain embodiments, according to the automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device of the utility model, a switch valve is provided on the water inlet pipe to adjust the water inlet flow rate.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0016] 1) It can make the water in the cultivation container drain automatically, so that the roots of plants are exposed to the air, avoiding the roots of plants being immersed in water for a long time and causing root rot;

[0017] 2) The multi-level and multi-angle planting method of three-dimensional cultivation maximizes the use of space, improves land utilization, and creates rich green layers, increasing the ornamental value and interest. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a drain assembly according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 The utility model is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a cultivation container, a hollow cup, ceramsite and a filter screen according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 The present invention is a cross-sectional view of a rubber plug at the connection between a transverse tube and a longitudinal tube according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a sponge in a hollow cup according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0023] Description of reference numerals:

[0024] 100. Planting rack; 110. Horizontal pipe; 120. Vertical pipe; 130. Pipe joint; 140. Rubber plug; 200. Water inlet assembly; 210. Water inlet pipe; 220. Water inlet connecting pipe; 300. Drain assembly; 310. Outer cover; 320. Control pipe; 330. Drain pipe; 331. Elbow pipe; 400. Cultivation container; 410. Hollow cup; 411. Hollow groove; 420. Matrix; 430. Filter; 440. Sponge; 500. Water tank; 510. Tank cover; 600. Switch valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that the upper and lower limits of the range and each intermediate value therebetween are specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded in the range.

[0027] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the utility model belongs. Although the utility model only describes preferred structures and materials, any structures and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the utility model.

[0028] In addition, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. in the specification and claims indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are replaceable under appropriate conditions, and the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be operated in other orientations different from those described or exemplified herein.

[0029] The term "fixed connection" in the present invention includes a detachable fixed connection or a non-detachable fixed connection. The detachable fixed connection includes bolt connection, etc., and the non-detachable fixed connection includes welding, etc.

[0030] Example

[0031] The utility model provides an automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device, which comprises a planting frame 100, a water inlet component 200, a water discharge component 300, a cultivation container 400, a water tank 500 and a water pump.

[0032] The planting rack 100 is a three-dimensional structure, which may be a stacked planting rack, an A-shaped planting rack, a column-type planting rack, etc. The planting rack 100 includes a multi-layer frame, and the number of frame layers can be set as needed.

[0033] Furthermore, the planting rack 100 is a tubular three-dimensional planting rack, and the planting rack 100 includes a plurality of transverse tubes 110 and longitudinal tubes 120, which are connected by pipe joints 130 to form multi-layer planting tubes. The pipe joints 130 include two-way, three-way, four-way, five-way, six-way and other pipe joints, and also include right-angle pipe joints, bevel pipe joints, reducer pipe joints, etc., which can be selected according to needs. The multi-layer planting tubes are placed in the water tank 500, and the bottom layer of the planting tubes is placed flat on the bottom plate of the water tank 500 through the flat part of the pipe joints 130.

[0034] A plurality of cultivation containers 400 are arranged on each layer of the planting rack, and plants are planted in the cultivation containers 400. The shape of the cultivation container 400 is not limited, and can be cylindrical, prismatic, truncated cone, etc. It is preferably a bottle-shaped structure with a thick top and a thin bottom, which is convenient for liquid flow. The upper part of the bottle-shaped structure is a hollow cylindrical shape, the middle part is a hollow truncated cone with a diameter that changes from large to small, and the lower part is a hollow cylindrical shape with a diameter consistent with the diameter of the bottom end of the middle truncated cone. The size and spacing of the cultivation container 400 can be set according to actual needs. The cultivation container 400 is open from top to bottom, with a large opening at the top, which is convenient for plants to be placed in, and a small opening at the bottom, which saves water. The bottom opening of the cultivation container 400 is connected to the transverse pipe 110 of the planting rack 100 by a joint 130, and the liquid flow between the planting tube is realized through the bottom opening of the cultivation container 400.

[0035] Furthermore, the sizes and shapes of the cultivation containers 400 may be different so as to be compatible with the cultivation of different varieties of plants.

[0036] It is preferred that the cultivation containers 400 are arranged in a staggered manner so as not to shade each other and promote plant growth.

[0037] Furthermore, a hollow cup 410 is placed in the cultivation container 400, the shape of the hollow cup 410 is adapted to the shape of the cultivation container 400, the size of the hollow cup 410 can be placed inside the cultivation container 400, the top of the hollow cup 410 is open, and the sides and bottom of the hollow cup 410 are provided with hollow grooves 411, which are convenient for water to flow in and out, and also convenient for root growth. The bottom of the hollow cup 410 is set at a certain distance from the bottom of the cultivation container 400, and the distance is preferably 2-10cm, so as to reserve some growth space for the roots and also facilitate water to flow in and out. The hollow cup 410 provides support for the plant on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can also facilitate water to flow in and out, ensuring smooth breathing of the plant.

[0038] Furthermore, the hollow edges of the hollow cup 410 are all arc-shaped, smooth and do not hurt the seedlings. The material of the hollow cup 410 is preferably food-grade PP plastic, which has good toughness, good chemical resistance, light material, not easy to break, and is environmentally friendly and non-toxic.

[0039] Furthermore, a flange is provided on the outer periphery of the top surface of the hollow cup 410, and the flange can be placed on the top surface of the cultivation container 400 to prevent the hollow cup 410 from sinking to the bottom of the cultivation container 400, and to facilitate the taking of the hollow cup 410. Preferably, the flange of the hollow cup 410 is an annular flange, and the outer diameter of the flange of the hollow cup 410 is larger than the outer diameter of the top surface of the cultivation container 400, so that the hollow cup 410 can be placed more stably.

[0040] Furthermore, a matrix 420 is placed in the hollow cup 410. The matrix 420 can fix the plants and has a certain water and fertilizer retention effect. The matrix 420 can be sand, peat, perlite, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, etc., and ceramsite is preferred. The internal structure of ceramsite is loose, with many pores and light texture. It has the characteristics of good water retention, drainage and air permeability, good fertilizer retention ability, stable chemical properties, safety and hygiene, etc.

[0041] Furthermore, a filter net 430 is placed at the bottom of the cultivation container 400 to prevent plant leaves, roots, ceramsite, etc. from falling into the water pipe network and causing pipe blockage.

[0042] Furthermore, a sponge 440 is placed on the upper part of the ceramsite in the hollow cup 410, a circular hole is set at the center of the upper end surface of the sponge 440 or a slit is cut along the side of the sponge 440, and the plant is inserted into the sponge hole or the slit, so that the plant can be fixed. The sponge 440 cannot be soaked in water, but only plays a role in fixing and moistening. Preferably, the sponge 440 is a black sponge, which can simulate an ecological dark environment, thereby facilitating the root system to absorb nutrients and facilitating the growth of the plant root system. Preferably, the sponge 440 is in the shape of a cuboid, which is convenient for being embedded in the hollow cup 410.

[0043] The water tank 500 is used to store water or nutrient solution. A water pump (not shown) is arranged in the water tank 500 to lift water to the upper planting rack 100 for watering plants. A tank cover 510 is arranged above the water tank 500 to prevent the liquid in the water tank 500 from being contaminated by external dust or debris.

[0044] Illustratively, the automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device of this embodiment includes three layers of planting tubes. In practice, the number of layers can be set as needed without specific limitation.

[0045] The water inlet assembly 200 includes a water inlet pipe 210 and a water inlet connecting pipe 220. The bottom end of the water inlet pipe 210 is connected to a hose, which is connected to a water pump. The top end of the water inlet pipe 210 is connected to the water inlet connecting pipe 220. The other end of the water inlet connecting pipe 220 is connected to the horizontal pipe 110 on the top layer of the planting rack through a pipe joint 130. A plurality of pipe joints 130 are evenly distributed on the horizontal pipe 110. The pipe joints 130 are connected to the cultivation container 400. The water in the water tank 500 is lifted to the top of the water inlet pipe 210 by the water pump, and flows into the top layer horizontal pipe 110 through the water inlet assembly 200. The water enters each cultivation container 400 through the pipe joint 130 on the horizontal pipe connected to the cultivation container, and irrigates the plants in the cultivation container 400. The cultivation containers 400 on the same layer are interconnected through the bottom horizontal pipe 110, so that water can be simultaneously inletted or drained, and the water level in the cultivation containers 400 on the same layer is kept consistent.

[0046] A drainage assembly 300 is arranged at the other end of the top horizontal pipe 110 of the planting rack. The drainage assembly 300 includes an outer cover 310, a control pipe 320 and a drainage pipe 330. The outer cover 310 is a cylindrical structure with one end open. The control pipe 320 and the drainage pipe 330 are both cylindrical structures with both ends open. The control pipe 320 and the drainage pipe 330 are both arranged on the axial center line inside the outer cover 310. The bottom end of the control pipe 320 is connected to the drainage pipe 330. The bottom of the drainage pipe 330 extends out of the outer cover 310, and the bottom of the drainage pipe 330 extends into the cultivation container 400 of the next layer. The open end at the bottom of the outer cover 310 is connected to a three-way pipe joint, and the horizontal end of the three-way pipe joint is connected to the transverse pipe 110. The water in the transverse pipe 110 flows into the outer cover 310 through the three-way pipe joint. When the amount of water in the outer cover 310 increases and the water level is higher than the top surface of the control pipe 320, the water flows from the control pipe 320 into the drain pipe 330 and flows out from the drain pipe 330. Since the bottom end of the drain pipe 330 is arranged in the cultivation container 400 of the next layer, the water flowing out of the drain pipe 330 of the upper layer flows into the pipe of the next layer, so as to start irrigation of the plants of the next layer, and so on, so as to realize watering layer by layer, that is, save energy, and the water flows up and down, which has a sightseeing effect. Each layer of the planting rack 100 is provided with a drainage assembly 300, which can drain the water of the current layer into the cultivation container 400 of the next layer. The end of the drainage pipe 330 of the drainage assembly 300 of the bottom layer is placed in the water tank 500, so that the water of the bottom layer flows back to the water tank 500 for recycling. Among them, the connection between the horizontal pipe 110 of each layer and the vertical pipe 120 of the lower layer cannot be conducted, that is, the connection between the pipe joint 130 and the vertical pipe 120 is provided with a rubber plug 140 to prevent the water in the horizontal pipe 110 from flowing out of the vertical pipe 120.

[0047] When the water level in the cultivation container 400 is higher than the height of the control pipe 320, according to the communicating vessel principle, the water in the cultivation container 400 will flow out through the control pipe 320. Since the water outlet at the bottom of the cultivation container 400 is higher than the height of the water outlet of the drain pipe 330, the water in the cultivation container 400 is continuously discharged through the siphon effect until all the water in the cultivation container 400 is discharged, the air enters the upper end of the control pipe 320, the siphon effect is destroyed, and the drain pipe 330 stops draining. After all the water in the cultivation container 400 is discharged, the roots of the plants are exposed to the air, thereby absorbing oxygen. If the drain pipe 330 is to stop draining, the inner diameter of the drain pipe 330 must be larger than the diameter at the water inlet of the cultivation container 400.

[0048] After the drainage pipe 330 stops draining, the water level in the cultivation container 400 continues to rise due to the continuous water intake of the water inlet pipe 210, and the roots of the plants can be immersed in the water again until the water level in the cultivation container 400 is higher than the height of the control pipe 320 in the drainage assembly 300. The drainage is then started again, and the cycle repeats itself, so that the plants are repeatedly in a cycle of breathing and irrigation, thereby preventing the roots of the plants from being immersed in water for a long time and causing root rot.

[0049] Furthermore, the control pipe 320 is threadedly connected to the drain pipe 330 , and the height of the control pipe 320 can be adjusted by rotating the thread to adjust the highest water level in the cultivation container 400 .

[0050] Furthermore, a switch valve 600 is provided on the water inlet pipe 210 to control the water inlet flow rate, thereby regulating the soaking time of the plant roots in the cultivation container 400.

[0051] Furthermore, a downwardly inclined elbow 331 is provided at the bottom of the drain pipe 330. Preferably, the angle a between the elbow 331 and the axial center line of the drain pipe 330 is not greater than 60 degrees to avoid large water flow resistance. The bend of the elbow 331 will form a certain slope, which plays a buffering role, thereby reducing noise. Preferably, the bend of the drain pipe 330 has a smooth transition to reduce water flow resistance. The drain pipe 330 and the elbow 331 can be integrally formed.

[0052] Furthermore, a timer is connected to the water pump, and the water pump start time is set by the timer to accurately control the watering time, thereby keeping the roots breathing unobstructed and saving energy.

[0053] Furthermore, rollers may be provided at the bottom of the water tank 500 to move or rotate the planting rack 100 to achieve better lighting or to move the planting rack 100 to any position.

[0054] Furthermore, an EC sensor is provided in the water tank 500, and the EC sensor is used to measure the concentration of soluble ions in the nutrient solution. A higher concentration of soluble ions may form reverse osmotic pressure, displace the water in the root system, damage the plant or cause the death of the plant root system. The EC sensor is placed in the water tank. It is recommended to install it in a position where the water flow is relatively stable and the flow rate is relatively slow. A digital display screen is placed outside the water tank. The EC sensor is electrically connected to the digital display screen, and the EC value can be viewed in real time.

[0055] Although the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. Various adjustments or changes may be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. The scope of the claims should be based on the broadest interpretation to cover all modifications and equivalent structures and functions.

Claims

1. An automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a planting frame (100), a water inlet assembly (200), a water discharge assembly (300), a cultivation container (400), a water tank (500) and a water pump, wherein the planting frame (100) comprises a multi-layer frame, and a plurality of cultivation containers (400) are arranged on each layer of the frame; the water inlet assembly (200) comprises a water inlet pipe (210) and a water inlet connecting pipe (220); the water discharge assembly (300) comprises an outer cover (310), a control pipe (320) and a drainage pipe (330); The outer cover (310) is a cylindrical structure with one end open, and the control pipe (320) and the drainage pipe (330) are both cylindrical structures with both ends open. The control pipe (320) and the drainage pipe (330) are both arranged on the center line inside the outer cover (310), and the bottom end of the control pipe (320) is connected to the drainage pipe (330), and the bottom end of the drainage pipe (330) extends out of the outer cover (310), and the bottom end of the drainage pipe (330) extends into the cultivation container (400) of the next layer.

2. The automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting rack (100) is a tubular three-dimensional planting rack, comprising a plurality of transverse tubes (110) and longitudinal tubes (120), wherein the transverse tubes (110) and longitudinal tubes (120) are connected via pipe joints (130) to form a multi-layer planting tube, and the drainage assembly (300) is arranged on each layer of the planting tube.

3. The automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rubber plug (140) is provided at the connection between the pipe joint (130) and the lower layer longitudinal pipe (120).

4. The automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control pipe (320) is threadedly connected to the drain pipe (330), so that the height of the control pipe (320) can be adjusted by rotating the thread.

5. The automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cultivation container (400) is a bottle-shaped structure with upper and lower openings, which is thick at the top and thin at the bottom. The upper part of the bottle-shaped structure is cylindrical, the middle part is a truncated cone with a diameter gradually decreasing, and the bottom has a tubular structure that matches the pipe joint (130). The bottom end of the cultivation container (400) is connected to the horizontal pipe (110) on the planting frame through the pipe joint (130).

6. The automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hollow cup (410) is arranged in the cultivation container (400); the shape of the hollow cup (410) is adapted to the cultivation container (400); and hollow grooves (411) are arranged on the side and bottom of the hollow cup (410).

7. The automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A matrix (420) is arranged in the hollow cup (410), and a filter net (430) is arranged at the bottom of the cultivation container (400).

8. The automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the drain pipe (330) is a curved pipe (331), the curved pipe (331) is inclined downward, and the angle a between the curved pipe (331) and the axial center line of the drain pipe (330) is not greater than 60. 0 .

9. The automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the drainage pipe (330) on the bottom planting pipe extends into the water tank (500).

10. The automatic water-draining three-dimensional cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet pipe (210) is provided with a switch valve (600) to adjust the water inlet flow rate.

Images