Bidirectional laminar flow dialysis tube

Abstract

The utility model discloses a two-way laminar flow dialysis tube which comprises a dialyzer, and a tubular semipermeable membrane is axially mounted in the middle of the dialyzer. A stock solution pipeline, a waste liquid pipeline, a blood inlet pipeline and a blood return pipeline are respectively mounted on the dialyzer; the stock solution pipeline extends into the dialyzer and is provided with an annular liquid inlet pipe, and a plurality of liquid outlet holes are formed in the annular liquid inlet pipe. According to the utility model, the annular liquid inlet pipe is arranged in the dialyzer, so that dialysate pumped by the stock solution pipeline can uniformly flow on the outer wall of the semi-permeable membrane along the axial direction to form a first tubular laminar flow, and the dialysate impacts the inner end wall of the dialyzer to be diffused to the periphery to form a second tubular laminar flow; the difference between the dialysate concentration of the first tubular laminar flow and the blood concentration is kept at a high level, and the formed bidirectional laminar flow can delay the discharge of the dialysate, so that the consumption of the dialysate is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of dialysis, in particular to a bidirectional laminar flow dialysis tube. Background Art

[0002] Hemodialysis uses a dialysis device to simulate normal kidney function through diffusion and / or convection mechanisms to excrete metabolic waste and excess water in the blood and maintain a stable internal environment. Specifically, during the dialysis process, the dialysate and blood are separated by a semipermeable membrane, and high-concentration waste in the blood can pass through the semipermeable membrane and diffuse into the low-concentration dialysate, thereby reducing the waste content in the blood.

[0003] At present, commonly used dialysis devices usually use a single-direction directional flow of dialysate and blood separated by a semi-permeable membrane for dialysis, that is, a dialysate inlet pipe and a waste liquid discharge pipe are respectively set at both ends of the dialysis device. The dialysate entering the dialysis device is directly discharged after absorbing waste in the blood, so that the dialysate is far from the saturation state, resulting in a waste of dialysate, thereby increasing the consumption of dialysate.

[0004] During this process, the dialysate is concentrated in the area between the dialysate inlet pipe and the waste liquid discharge pipe. In the surrounding areas of the dialysate inlet pipe and the waste liquid discharge pipe, the fluidity of the dialysate is general, resulting in poor dialysate renewal effect, causing the concentration difference between the dialysate and the blood to decrease during use, thereby affecting the dialysis speed and dialysis effect.

[0005] Therefore, the commonly used dialysis devices have a directional flow of dialysate in a single direction, causing a large amount of dialysate to be discharged at a time far from the saturation state, resulting in excessive consumption of the dialysate; and making it difficult for the dialysate to flow evenly, resulting in difficulty in the flow and replacement of part of the dialysate in the dialysis device, causing a decrease in the concentration difference between the dialysate around the semipermeable membrane and the blood inside the semipermeable membrane, thereby affecting the dialysis speed and effect. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to provide a bidirectional laminar flow dialysis tube to solve the technical problem in the prior art that part of the dialysis fluid is difficult to replace because the dialysis fluid is usually replaced by a single-direction directional flow, thereby resulting in increased dialysis fluid consumption, reduced dialysis speed and weakened dialysis effect.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model specifically provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A bidirectional laminar flow dialysis tube comprises a sealed cylindrical dialyzer, wherein a semipermeable membrane is arranged inside the dialyzer, wherein the semipermeable membrane is formed into a tubular shape and is axially centrally installed inside the dialyzer;

[0009] The dialyzer is respectively provided with a raw liquid pipeline connected to a dialysate supply device and a waste liquid pipeline connected to a waste liquid collection device, and the dialyzer is symmetrically provided with an inlet blood vessel pipeline and a return blood vessel pipeline connected to human blood vessels;

[0010] The raw liquid pipeline and the waste liquid pipeline are both connected to the interior of the dialyzer, and the blood inlet and blood return paths are respectively connected to both ends of the tubular semipermeable membrane;

[0011] The raw liquid pipeline extends to the interior of the dialyzer and is installed with an annular liquid inlet pipe, and the annular liquid inlet pipe is provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes along the axial side wall of the dialyzer;

[0012] Wherein, the distance between the connection point between the waste liquid pipeline and the dialyzer and the axis of the dialyzer is greater than the distance between the liquid outlet and the axis of the dialyzer;

[0013] The dialysate sprayed from the multiple liquid outlets forms a first tubular laminar flow on the outer wall of the tubular semipermeable membrane, and the dialysate is discharged from the waste liquid pipeline to form a second tubular laminar flow flowing along the inner wall of the dialyzer, and the first tubular laminar flow flows toward the second tubular laminar flow to form a runoff.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the utility model, an isolation tube is sealed on the outer wall of the annular liquid inlet tube, and a gap is formed between one end of the isolation tube away from the annular liquid inlet tube and the inner end wall of the dialyzer.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the utility model, the interior of the dialyzer is divided into a first laminar flow channel close to the semipermeable membrane and a second laminar flow channel close to the inner wall of the dialyzer by the isolation tube and the annular liquid inlet tube;

[0016] The raw liquid pipeline is connected to the first laminar flow channel through the annular liquid inlet pipe, and the waste liquid pipeline is connected to the second laminar flow channel;

[0017] The first laminar flow channel and the second laminar flow channel are connected through the gap, and the raw liquid pipeline and the waste liquid pipeline are installed on the same side end surface of the dialyzer.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the utility model, an annular drain pipe is sealed on the outer wall of the isolation tube, and the outer wall of the annular drain pipe is sealed on the inner wall of the dialyzer;

[0019] One end of the waste liquid pipeline located in the dialyzer is connected to the annular drainage pipe, and the annular drainage pipe is provided with a plurality of drainage holes along the axial side wall of the dialyzer.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the utility model, an annular groove is provided on one side of the gap in the dialyzer, and the cross section of the annular groove is arc-shaped to guide the first tubular laminar flow to flow toward the second tubular laminar flow.

[0021] As a preferred solution of the utility model, a liquid inlet channel and a liquid outlet channel are respectively formed at both ends of the dialyzer, and the diameter of the inlet end of the liquid inlet channel is equal to the diameter of the outlet end of the liquid outlet channel and is smaller than the tubular diameter of the semipermeable membrane;

[0022] Wherein, the inlet end of the liquid inlet channel is connected to the blood inlet line, and the outlet end of the liquid outlet channel is connected to the blood return line.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The utility model arranges an annular liquid inlet pipe in the dialyzer, so that the dialysate pumped by the raw liquid pipeline can flow evenly along the axial direction on the outer wall of the semipermeable membrane to form a first tubular laminar flow, and the first tubular laminar flow impacts the inner end wall of the dialyzer and diffuses to the surroundings to form a second tubular laminar flow, so that the difference between the dialysate concentration and the blood concentration of the first tubular laminar flow is maintained at a high level, and the formed two-way laminar flow can delay the discharge of the dialysate, thereby effectively reducing the consumption of the dialysate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation of the utility model or the technical solution in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the implementation or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a hemodialysis device is provided for an embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the isolation tube portion of a hemodialysis device is provided for an embodiment of the utility model.

[0028] The numbers in the figure represent the following:

[0029] 1-dialyzer; 2-semipermeable membrane; 3-raw liquid pipeline; 4-waste liquid pipeline; 5-inlet blood pipeline; 6-return blood pipeline;

[0030] 11-gap; 12-first laminar flow channel; 13-second laminar flow channel; 14-liquid inlet channel; 15-liquid outlet channel; 16-annular groove; 31-annular liquid inlet pipe; 32-liquid outlet hole; 33-isolation pipe; 34-annular liquid discharge pipe; 35-liquid discharge hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the utility model provides a bidirectional laminar flow dialysis tube, comprising a sealed cylindrical dialyzer 1, wherein a semipermeable membrane 2 is arranged inside the dialyzer 1, and the semipermeable membrane 2 is formed into a tubular shape and axially centrally installed inside the dialyzer 1;

[0033] The dialyzer 1 is respectively provided with a raw liquid pipeline 3 connected to a dialysate supply device and a waste liquid pipeline 4 connected to a waste liquid collection device, and the dialyzer 1 is symmetrically provided with a blood inlet line 5 and a blood return line 6 connected to human blood vessels;

[0034] The raw liquid pipeline 3 and the waste liquid pipeline 4 are both connected to the interior of the dialyzer 1, and the blood inlet pipeline 5 and the blood return pipeline 6 are respectively connected to the two ends of the tubular semipermeable membrane 2;

[0035] The raw liquid pipeline 3 extends to the interior of the dialyzer 1 and is installed with an annular liquid inlet pipe 31, and the annular liquid inlet pipe 31 is provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes 32 along the axial side wall of the dialyzer 1;

[0036] The distance between the connection point between the waste liquid pipeline 4 and the dialyzer 1 and the axis of the dialyzer 1 is greater than the distance between the liquid outlet 32 ​​and the axis of the dialyzer 1;

[0037] The dialysate sprayed from the multiple liquid outlet holes 32 forms a first tubular laminar flow on the outer wall of the tubular semipermeable membrane 2, and the dialysate is discharged from the waste liquid pipeline 4 to form a second tubular laminar flow flowing along the inner wall of the dialyzer 1, and the first tubular laminar flow flows toward the second tubular laminar flow to form a runout flow.

[0038] The dialysis device of this embodiment mainly utilizes the raw liquid pipeline 3 to inject the dialysate into the dialyzer 1 and let it flow out from the waste liquid pipeline 4, so that the dialysate in the dialyzer 1 and the blood flowing inside the semipermeable membrane 2 through the inlet blood line 5 and the return blood line 6 always maintain a high concentration difference, so as to diffuse the high-concentration waste in the blood into the dialysate, thereby achieving the effect of purifying the blood.

[0039] Among them, the raw liquid pipeline 3 injects the dialysate into the annular liquid inlet pipe 31, and the annular liquid inlet pipe 31 discharges the dialysate through a plurality of liquid outlet holes 32 distributed around the semipermeable membrane 2, thereby forming a first tubular laminar flow in the outer wall area of ​​the semipermeable membrane 2. The first tubular laminar flow impacts the inner end wall of the dialyzer 1 and then returns and diffuses outward to form a second tubular laminar flow, that is, the dialysate after absorbing the waste diffuses outward, and the dialysate without waste flows close to the outer wall of the semipermeable membrane 2, thereby further increasing the concentration difference between the dialysate outside the semipermeable membrane 2 and the blood inside it, thereby increasing the purification speed.

[0040] At present, commonly used dialysis devices usually use a single-direction directional flow of dialysate and blood separated by a semi-permeable membrane for dialysis, that is, a dialysate inlet pipe and a waste liquid discharge pipe are respectively set at both ends of the dialysis device. The dialysate entering the dialysis device is directly discharged after absorbing waste in the blood, so that the dialysate is far from the saturation state, resulting in a waste of dialysate, thereby increasing the consumption of dialysate.

[0041] Moreover, during this process, the dialysate flows in the area between the dialysate inlet pipe and the waste liquid discharge pipe. In the surrounding areas of the dialysate inlet pipe and the waste liquid discharge pipe, the fluidity of the dialysate is general, resulting in poor dialysate renewal effect, causing the concentration difference between the dialysate and the blood to decrease during use, thereby affecting the dialysis speed and dialysis effect.

[0042] Therefore, compared with the existing dialysis device, the dialysis device of this embodiment can use the annular liquid inlet tube 31 to form a first tubular laminar flow around the semipermeable membrane 2 through multiple liquid outlet holes 32, so that the dialysate without waste can flow along the outer wall of the semipermeable membrane 2 to increase the concentration difference between the dialysate and the blood.

[0043] Moreover, the first tubular laminar flow can diffuse outward to form a runoff, and multiple runoffs converge to flow toward the waste liquid pipeline 4 to form a second tubular laminar flow, so that the dialysate forms a two-way laminar flow in the dialyzer 1, which can not only ensure that the dialysate around the outer wall of the semipermeable membrane 2 and the blood maintain a high concentration difference, but also slow down the discharge speed of the dialysate, so that the blood can diffuse more waste into the dialysate, thereby reducing the consumption of the dialysate.

[0044] When the runoff is located between the first tubular laminar flow and the second tubular laminar flow, the formation of the runoff will cause part of the waste in the second laminar flow to diffuse into the first tubular laminar flow and affect the concentration of the first tubular laminar flow.

[0045] Therefore, in order to avoid the influence between laminar flows, such as Figure 2 As shown, further, an isolation tube 33 is sealed on the outer wall of the annular liquid inlet tube 31 , and a gap 11 is formed between one end of the isolation tube 33 away from the annular liquid inlet tube 31 and the inner end wall of the dialyzer 1 .

[0046] Specifically, the dialysate sprayed from the liquid outlet 32 ​​of the annular liquid inlet tube 31 flows between the isolation tube 33 and the semipermeable membrane 2 , that is, a first tubular laminar flow is formed between the isolation tube 33 and the semipermeable membrane 2 .

[0047] After passing through the gap 11 and impacting the inner wall of the dialyzer 1 , the first tubular laminar flow diffuses outward and flows along the gap 11 toward the waste liquid pipeline 4 , thereby forming a second tubular laminar flow between the isolation tube 33 and the inner wall of the dialyzer 1 .

[0048] Therefore, the first tubular laminar flow and the second tubular laminar flow are isolated from each other, preventing waste in the second tubular laminar flow from diffusing into the first tubular laminar flow, thereby preventing disorderly diffusion of waste in the dialysate and affecting the concentration difference between the dialysate and the blood.

[0049] After isolation, the interference between the first tubular laminar flow and the second tubular laminar flow is reduced, thereby reducing the flow resistance, making the dialysate flow more orderly, and reducing the pumping energy consumption of the dialysate.

[0050] In order to enable the dialysate to flow from the first tubular laminar flow to the second tubular laminar flow, the interior of the dialyzer 1 is divided into a first laminar flow channel 12 close to the semipermeable membrane 2 and a second laminar flow channel 13 close to the inner wall of the dialyzer 1 by the isolation tube 33 and the annular liquid inlet tube 31. The first laminar flow channel 12 and the second laminar flow channel 13 are connected through a gap 11.

[0051] The raw liquid pipeline 3 is connected to the first laminar flow channel 12 through the annular liquid inlet pipe 31, and the waste liquid pipeline 4 is connected to the second laminar flow channel 13, and the raw liquid pipeline 3 and the waste liquid pipeline 4 are installed on the same side end surface of the dialyzer 1;

[0052] Specifically, after the dialysate is pumped into the raw liquid pipeline 3 , the pressure in the first laminar flow channel 12 is greater than the pressure in the second laminar flow channel 13 , so that the dialysate in the first laminar flow channel 12 can enter the second laminar flow channel 13 through the gap 11 .

[0053] The raw liquid pipeline 3 and the waste liquid pipeline 4 are installed on the same side of the dialyzer 1, which can make the dialysate form a backflow in the dialyzer 1 to extend the flow path, thereby extending the residence time of the dialysate in the dialyzer 1, so that as much waste in the blood as possible can be diffused into the dialysate, reducing the consumption of the dialysate.

[0054] Furthermore, in order to avoid the situation where the dialysate can only be discharged from the single-port waste liquid pipeline 4, which causes uneven flow of the dialysate, the following preferred embodiments are provided.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, an annular drain pipe 34 is sealed on the outer wall of the isolation tube 33, and the outer wall of the annular drain pipe 34 is sealed on the inner wall of the dialyzer 1;

[0056] One end of the waste liquid pipeline 4 located in the dialyzer 1 is connected to the annular drain pipe 34 , and a plurality of drain holes 35 are provided on the axial side wall of the annular drain pipe 34 along the dialyzer 1 .

[0057] Specifically, the waste liquid pipeline collects and discharges the dialysate in the second laminar flow channel 13 through the drainage hole 35 of the annular drainage pipe 34, and the drainage hole 35 is arranged around the semipermeable membrane 2, so that the dialysate can evenly enter the annular drainage pipe 34 for centralized collection and be discharged from the waste liquid pipeline 4.

[0058] Therefore, the use of the annular drain pipe 34 can prevent the dialysate in the second laminar flow channel 13 from flowing unevenly and affecting the timely discharge of waste liquid.

[0059] The first tubular laminar flow in the first laminar flow channel 12 will impact the inner end wall of the dialyzer 1 and diffuse outward, and then enter the second laminar flow channel 12 to form a second tubular laminar flow.

[0060] Therefore, in order to reduce the impact force and guide the first tubular laminar flow into the second laminar flow channel 12, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, an annular groove 16 is provided on one side of the gap 11 in the dialyzer 1 , and the cross section of the annular groove 16 is arc-shaped to guide the first tubular laminar flow to flow toward the second tubular laminar flow.

[0061] Specifically, when the first tubular laminar flow enters the gap 11 and impacts the annular groove 16 , the dialysate flows along the groove wall of the annular groove 16 , so that the dialysate diffuses to the surroundings and flows back into the second laminar flow channel 13 .

[0062] Therefore, the annular groove 16 can guide the first tubular laminar flow into the second laminar flow channel 13 to form the second tubular laminar flow.

[0063] The effect of hemodialysis purification is also affected by the blood flow rate in the dialyzer 1. If the blood flow rate in the dialyzer 1 is too fast, the waste in the blood will quickly flow out of the dialyzer after a small part of the waste is diffused and discharged.

[0064] Therefore, in order to avoid the blood from passing through the dialyzer 1 quickly, as Figure 2 As shown, a liquid inlet channel 14 and a liquid outlet channel 15 are formed at both ends of the dialyzer 1, and the inlet end diameter of the liquid inlet channel 14 is equal to the outlet end diameter of the liquid outlet channel 15 and is smaller than the tubular diameter of the semipermeable membrane 2;

[0065] The inlet end of the liquid inlet channel 14 is connected to the blood inlet line 5 , and the outlet end of the liquid outlet channel 15 is connected to the blood return line 6 .

[0066] Specifically, by enlarging the diameter of the semipermeable membrane 2, the blood flow rate drops rapidly after entering the semipermeable membrane 2 from the blood inlet line 5 and the liquid inlet channel 14, so that the blood can be retained in the semipermeable membrane 2 for a longer time to diffuse and discharge waste in the blood as much as possible.

[0067] The inlet diameter of the inlet channel 14 is equal to the outlet diameter of the outlet channel 15, so that the flow rate of blood entering and leaving the dialyzer 1 is kept consistent, avoiding the unstable blood flow rate from affecting the dialysis patient.

[0068] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. The protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present application within the essence and protection scope of the present application, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A bidirectional laminar flow dialysis tube, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sealed cylindrical dialyzer (1), wherein a semipermeable membrane (2) is arranged inside the dialyzer (1), and the semipermeable membrane (2) is formed into a tubular shape and is axially centrally installed inside the dialyzer (1); The dialyzer (1) is respectively provided with a raw liquid pipeline (3) connected to a dialysate supply device and a waste liquid pipeline (4) connected to a waste liquid collection device, and the dialyzer (1) is symmetrically provided with a blood inlet line (5) and a blood return line (6) connected to human blood vessels; The raw liquid pipeline (3) and the waste liquid pipeline (4) are both connected to the interior of the dialyzer (1), and the blood inlet pipeline (5) and the blood return pipeline (6) are respectively connected to the two ends of the tubular semipermeable membrane (2); The raw liquid pipeline (3) extends to the interior of the dialyzer (1) and is provided with an annular liquid inlet pipe (31), wherein the annular liquid inlet pipe (31) is provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes (32) along the axial side wall of the dialyzer (1); wherein the distance between the connection point between the waste liquid pipeline (4) and the dialyzer (1) and the axis of the dialyzer (1) is greater than the distance between the liquid outlet (32) and the axis of the dialyzer (1); The dialysate sprayed out from the plurality of liquid outlet holes (32) forms a first tubular laminar flow on the outer wall of the tubular semipermeable membrane (2), and the dialysate is discharged from the waste liquid pipeline (4) to form a second tubular laminar flow flowing along the inner wall of the dialyzer (1), and the first tubular laminar flow flows toward the second tubular laminar flow to form a runoff flow.

2. A bidirectional laminar flow dialysis tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: An isolation tube (33) is sealed on the outer wall of the annular liquid inlet tube (31), and a gap (11) is formed between the end of the isolation tube (33) away from the annular liquid inlet tube (31) and the inner end wall of the dialyzer (1).

3. A bidirectional laminar flow dialysis tube according to claim 2, characterized in that: The interior of the dialyzer (1) is divided into a first laminar flow channel (12) close to the semipermeable membrane (2) and a second laminar flow channel (13) close to the inner wall of the dialyzer (1) by the isolation tube (33) and the annular liquid inlet tube (31); The raw liquid pipeline (3) is connected to the first laminar flow channel (12) through the annular liquid inlet pipe (31), and the waste liquid pipeline (4) is connected to the second laminar flow channel (13); The first laminar flow channel (12) and the second laminar flow channel (13) are connected via the gap (11), and the raw liquid pipeline (3) and the waste liquid pipeline (4) are installed on the same side end surface of the dialyzer (1).

4. A bidirectional laminar flow dialysis tube according to claim 3, characterized in that: An annular drain pipe (34) is sealingly mounted on the outer wall of the isolation pipe (33), and the outer wall of the annular drain pipe (34) is sealingly mounted on the inner wall of the dialyzer (1); One end of the waste liquid pipeline (4) located inside the dialyzer (1) is connected to the annular drainage pipe (34), and the annular drainage pipe (34) is provided with a plurality of drainage holes (35) along the axial side wall of the dialyzer (1).

5. A bidirectional laminar flow dialysis tube according to claim 4, characterized in that: An annular groove (16) is provided on one side of the gap (11) in the dialyzer (1), and the cross section of the annular groove (16) is arc-shaped so as to guide the first tubular laminar flow to flow toward the second tubular laminar flow.

6. A bidirectional laminar flow dialysis tube according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A liquid inlet channel (14) and a liquid outlet channel (15) are respectively formed at both ends of the dialyzer (1), wherein the diameter of the inlet end of the liquid inlet channel (14) is equal to the diameter of the outlet end of the liquid outlet channel (15) and is smaller than the tubular diameter of the semipermeable membrane (2); The inlet end of the liquid inlet channel (14) is connected to the blood inlet line (5), and the outlet end of the liquid outlet channel (15) is connected to the blood return line (6).

Images