Linear guide rail and numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of machine tools, in particular to a linear guide rail and a numerical control machine tool, the linear guide rail comprises a linear guide rail, a sliding block and a detection part, the detection part comprises a detection ruler and a detection head, the displacement of the sliding block is measured through the cooperation of the detection head and the detection ruler, and the detection ruler integrated with the linear guide rail is arranged on the linear guide rail. The need of additionally arranging a reserved position for installing a detection ruler on the linear rail is avoided, so that the installation cost and the manufacturing cost of the lathe bed are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of machine tools, in particular to a linear guide rail. Background Art

[0002] Existing high-end machine tools often reserve a position for installing a grating ruler on the bed, and the surface where the grating ruler is installed also needs to be highly precision machined to ensure the measurement accuracy of the precision grating ruler, which will naturally increase the installation cost and the bed production cost. For example, the Chinese patent "A CNC machining equipment using a linear motor high-response spindle box (patent number CN216632612U)" stipulates that in this patent, the Y-axis grating ruler 14 is installed on the saddle 2 by bolts, the X-axis grating ruler 24 is installed on the workbench 23 by bolts, and the Z-axis grating ruler is installed on the column 3 by bolts. The installation of the grating ruler requires additional structure and reserved installation positions, which increases the installation cost.

[0003] Therefore, based on the above problems, the prior art needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a linear guide rail, in which the detection ruler is integrated with the linear rail. The detection ruler is directly set on the linear rail, avoiding the need to reserve an additional position on the linear rail for setting up the detection, thereby reducing the installation cost.

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model provides a linear guide rail, comprising:

[0007] Linear rails;

[0008] A slider is slidably arranged on the rail;

[0009] The detection part includes a detection ruler and a detection head adapted to the detection ruler. The detection ruler is arranged along the length direction of the linear rail, and the detection ruler and the linear rail are integrated; the detection head is arranged on the slider, and the detection head is located on the side of the linear rail where the detection ruler is arranged.

[0010] In one embodiment, two sliders are provided, each of which is provided with a detection head, and the detection head is located on a side of the linear rail where the detection ruler is provided.

[0011] In one embodiment, detection rulers are provided on both sides of the linear rail, two sliders are provided, one of the sliders is provided with two detection heads, and the two detection heads are distributed on both sides of the linear rail.

[0012] In one embodiment, detection rulers are provided on both sides of the linear rail, and two detection heads are provided on each slider, and the detection heads on each slider are respectively located on both sides of the linear rail.

[0013] In one embodiment, the detection ruler is a grating ruler, and the detection head is a grating reading head.

[0014] In one embodiment, the parallelism between the grating reading head and the grating scale is between 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm, and the spacing between the grating reading head and the grating scale is between 1 mm and 1.5 mm.

[0015] In one embodiment, the linear rail includes a friction surface and a non-friction surface, and the detection ruler is arranged on the non-friction surface of the linear rail.

[0016] In one embodiment, the detection head is detachably arranged on the slider; and / or,

[0017] The linear guide rail also includes a digital display, which is connected to the detection head.

[0018] In one embodiment, at least one cooling channel is provided on the linear rail, the cooling channel is arranged to penetrate along the length direction of the linear rail, and at least one cooling channel is located on the side of the linear rail where the detection ruler is provided; and / or,

[0019] A through U-shaped groove is arranged on the slider, convex rails are arranged on both sides of the U-shaped groove, and groove rails are arranged on both sides of the linear rail, and the convex rails are inserted in the groove rails.

[0020] A numerically controlled machine tool comprises a machine tool body, a controller and any one of the above-mentioned linear guide rails, wherein the linear guide rail and the controller are arranged on the machine tool body, and the controller is used to obtain position information detected by a detection head.

[0021] The beneficial effect of the utility model is that the displacement of the slider is measured by the cooperation of the detection head and the detection ruler, and a detection ruler integrated with the linear rail is set on the linear rail, which avoids the need to set an additional reserved position on the linear rail for installing the detection ruler, thereby reducing the installation cost and the bed production cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is the structural diagram of the utility model linear guide

[0024] Figure 2 It is a partial enlarged view of the linear guide rail of the utility model.

[0025] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1-linear rail, 2-slider, 3-detection ruler, 4-detection head, 5-friction surface, 6-non-friction surface, 7-cooling channel, 8-convex rail, 9-groove rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0027] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A linear guide rail of an embodiment of the utility model comprises a linear rail 1, a slider 2 and a detection part. The linear rail 1 is a linear guide rail; the workpiece is fixed on a workbench, and the workbench is mounted on the slider 2. A convex rail 8 is provided on the slider 2, and a groove rail 9 is provided in the length direction of the linear rail 1. The slider 2 is mounted on the linear rail 1 through the cooperation of the convex rail 8 and the groove rail 9 to make linear motion. The detection part comprises a detection ruler 3 and a detection head 4 adapted to the detection ruler 3. The detection ruler 3 is arranged along the length direction of the linear rail 1, and the detection ruler 3 is integrated with the linear rail 1; the detection head 4 is arranged on the slider 2, and the detection head 4 is located on the side of the linear rail 1 where the detection ruler 3 is arranged, and is arranged opposite to the detection ruler 3 to measure the detection ruler 3. When the slider 2 moves on the linear rail 1, the position of the detection head 4 relative to the detection ruler 3 changes, thereby detecting the displacement of the slider 2. The slider 2 is used to install the workbench, so that the displacement distance of the workbench can be obtained.

[0028] The utility model measures the displacement of the slider 2 by the cooperation of the detection head 4 and the detection ruler 3, and arranges the detection ruler 3 integrated with the linear rail 1 on the linear rail 1, thereby avoiding the need to arrange an additional reserved position on the linear rail 1 for installing the detection ruler 3, thereby reducing the installation cost and the bed manufacturing cost.

[0029] In one embodiment, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2Two sliders 2 are arranged on the linear rail 1, and each slider 2 is provided with a detection head 3. The two detection heads 4 are located on one side of the linear rail 1 where the detection ruler 3 is arranged, so that the two detection heads 4 cooperate with the detection ruler 3 on one side of the linear rail 1 for detection. Two sliders 2 are arranged to carry the workbench, which can provide greater support and balance for the workbench. In addition, the detection head 4 is arranged on each slider 2 to facilitate the stability of the detection. When the detection head 4 on one slider 2 is damaged, the other detection head 4 can still work normally to detect the moving distance of the slider.

[0030] Specifically, the detection principle of the two detection heads 4 can be as follows: the first slider 2 is located at the position of 80 on the detection scale 3, and the second slider 2 is located at the position of 120 on the detection scale 3. When the workbench moves 20, the position of the first slider 2 moves to the position of 100 on the detection scale 3, and the position of the second slider 2 moves to the position of 140 on the detection scale 3. Of the two sliders 2, the difference between the two positions of the first slider 2 is 20, and the difference between the two positions of the second slider 2 is 20. If any detection head 4 can work normally, it can detect the displacement of the workbench movement.

[0031] In one embodiment, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , detection rulers 3 are provided on both sides of the linear rail 1, and two sliders 2 are provided. Two sliders 2 are provided to carry the workbench, which can provide greater support and balance force to the workbench. Two detection heads 4 are provided on one of the sliders 2, and the two detection heads 4 are distributed on both sides of the linear rail 1, corresponding to the detection rulers 3 provided on both sides of the linear rail 1. That is, a detection ruler 3 is provided on one side of the linear rail 1, and a paired detection head 4 is provided on this side of the linear rail 1; a detection ruler 3 is provided on the other side of the linear rail 1, and a detection head 4 paired with the linear rail 1 is provided on this side of the linear rail 1, thereby realizing two groups of detection parts. The setting of the two groups of detection parts can ensure more stable detection of the displacement of the workbench. When one group of detection parts cannot work normally, the other group of detection parts can still work normally.

[0032] In one embodiment, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2, detection rulers 3 are provided on both sides of the linear rail 1, and two detection heads 4 are provided on each slider 2, and the detection heads 4 on each slider 2 are respectively located on both sides of the linear rail 1, thereby forming a structural arrangement in which two detection rulers 3 are arranged on both sides of the linear rail 1, and two sliders 2 are provided on the linear rail 1, and two detection heads 4 are provided on each slider 2. For example, two detection heads 4 are provided on the first slider 2, and the two detection heads 4 are located on both sides of the linear rail 1, and the two detection heads 4 are correspondingly matched with the detection rulers 3 on both sides of the linear rail 1; two detection heads 4 are provided on the second slider 2, and the two detection heads 4 are located on both sides of the linear rail 1, and the two detection heads 4 are correspondingly matched with the detection rulers 3 on both sides of the linear rail 1. In actual work, the four detection heads 4 can improve the accuracy of the displacement detection of the workbench. As long as one detection head 4 can work normally, the displacement of the workbench can be detected.

[0033] In one embodiment, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the detection part is a grating ruler, which is a measurement feedback device that works on the optical principle of a grating. It is often used in the closed-loop servo system of a CNC machine tool for detecting linear displacement or angular displacement. The signal output by the measurement is a digital pulse, which has the characteristics of a large detection range, high detection accuracy and fast response speed. In this embodiment, the grating ruler includes a grating reading head and a grating scale, wherein the detection ruler 3 is a grating scale, and the detection head 4 is a grating reading head.

[0034] When the grating reading head scans the grating scale, the measurement is achieved through the imaging scanning principle. The imaging scanning principle is to generate signals with transmitted light: two gratings with the same or similar grating pitch and the scanning mask move relative to each other. The substrate of the scanning mask is transparent, and the grating material used as the measurement reference can be transparent or reflective. When parallel light passes through the grating, light and dark shadow areas are formed at specific intervals. When the two gratings move relative to each other, the incident light is modulated, and when the slits are aligned, the light passes through. If the lines of one grating are aligned with the slits of the other grating, the light cannot pass through. The photocell group converts the light intensity change into an electrical signal, and the specially structured scanning mask modulates the light intensity into a nearly sinusoidal output signal. The smaller the grating stripe pitch, the smaller the spacing between the scanning mask and the grating scale and the tighter the tolerance.

[0035] In one embodiment, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 To ensure that the base surface of the grating reading head-line rail 1-slider 2 meets the installation requirements, the parallelism between the grating reading head and the grating scale is between 0.1mm-0.2mm, preferably 0.1mm. The spacing between the grating reading head and the grating scale is between 1mm-1.5mm, preferably 1.2mm.

[0036] In one embodiment, reference Figure 1and Figure 2 The linear rail 1 includes a friction surface 5 and a non-friction surface 6, and the detection ruler 3 is arranged on the non-friction surface 6 of the linear rail 1. Specifically, the grating reading head is installed on the slider 2, and the grating scale is set on the linear rail 1. During the operation of the slider 2, the linear rail 1 will generate heat. In order to avoid the influence of frictional heating of the linear rail 1, the grating scale is set on the non-friction surface 6, and the cooling effect of the machine tool on the linear rail 1 is ensured. By installing the grating reading head on the slider 2 and setting the grating scale on the non-friction surface 6 of the linear rail 1, the integration of the grating scale and the linear rail 1 is realized; on the one hand, the realization of integration enables the grating scale and the linear rail 1 to be installed synchronously, reducing the process and reducing the installation cost; on the other hand, the position and angle deviations between the grating scale and the linear rail 1 are reduced, and the measurement deviation caused by the vibration of the guide rail is avoided.

[0037] In one embodiment, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A head mounting position for mounting the detection head 4 is provided on the slider 2. The head mounting position plays a positioning role in the installation of the detection head 4. The detection head 4 is detachably mounted on the head mounting position.

[0038] In one embodiment, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The linear guide also includes a digital display, which is set on the linear rail 1 and connected to the detection head 4. After the grating reading head is installed, the digital display can be turned on, the slider 2 can be moved, and the digital display count can be observed to see if it is normal. Select a reference position on the machine tool, move the slider 2 back and forth to the selected reference position, and check that the digital display reading should be the same (or return to zero) to ensure the accuracy of the grating ruler.

[0039] In one embodiment, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 At least one cooling channel 7 is provided on the linear guide 1. Through the cooling channel 7 on the linear guide 1, a coolant (such as cooling oil) is passed into the cooling channel 7. The cooling channel 7 is externally connected to a cooling circuit to ensure the cooling effect of the machine tool on the linear guide.

[0040] The cooling channel 7 is arranged along the length direction of the linear rail 1, and is located on the side of the linear rail 1 where the detection ruler 3 is arranged. The cooling channel 7 on the linear rail 1 is arranged close to the surface where the grating ruler (detection ruler 3) is located, which can greatly reduce the influence of thermal expansion on the accuracy of the grating ruler.

[0041] In one embodiment, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The slider 2 is provided with a through U-shaped groove, and convex rails 8 are provided on both sides of the U-shaped groove, and groove rails 9 are provided on both sides of the linear rail 1. The two convex rails 8 are correspondingly inserted into the groove rails 9 on both sides of the linear rail, so that the linear rail 1 passes through the U-shaped groove of the slider 2. The cooperation between the two convex rails 8 on the slider 2 and the two groove rails 9 on the linear rail 1 enables the slider 2 to move on the linear rail 1 in a balanced manner.

[0042] In another aspect of the present application, a CNC machine tool is provided, which includes a machine tool body and any one of the above-mentioned linear guide rails, the linear guide rails are installed on the machine tool body, and the workbench is installed on the slider 2. The movement of the slider 2 realizes the movement of the workbench on the linear rail 1.

[0043] The above are only preferred implementations of the present invention. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A linear guide rail, characterized in that: include: Linear rail (1); A slider (2) slidably arranged on the linear rail (1); The detection unit comprises a detection ruler (3) and a detection head (4) adapted to the detection ruler (3); the detection ruler (3) is arranged along the length direction of the linear rail (1), and the detection ruler (3) and the linear rail (1) are arranged in an integrated manner; the detection head (4) is arranged on the slider (2), and the detection head (4) is located on the side of the linear rail (1) where the detection ruler (3) is arranged.

2. The linear guide rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two sliders (2) are provided, and each slider (2) is provided with a detection head (4), and the detection head (4) is located on a side of the linear rail (1) on which the detection ruler (3) is provided.

3. The linear guide rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection ruler (3) is provided on both sides of the linear rail (1), and two sliders (2) are provided, one of the sliders (2) is provided with two detection heads (4), and the two detection heads (4) are distributed on both sides of the linear rail (1).

4. The linear guide rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection rulers (3) are arranged on both sides of the linear rail (1), and each of the sliders (2) is provided with two detection heads (4), and the detection heads (4) on each of the sliders (2) are respectively located on both sides of the linear rail (1).

5. The linear guide rail according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The detection ruler (3) is a grating ruler, and the detection head (4) is a grating reading head.

6. The linear guide rail according to claim 5, characterized in that: The parallelism between the grating reading head and the grating scale body is between 0.1mm-0.2mm, and the spacing between the grating reading head and the grating scale is between 1mm-1.5mm.

7. The linear guide rail according to claim 5, characterized in that: The linear rail (1) comprises a friction surface (5) and a non-friction surface (6), and the detection ruler (3) is arranged on the non-friction surface (6) of the linear rail (1).

8. The linear guide rail according to claim 5, characterized in that: The detection head (4) is detachably arranged on the slider (2); and / or, The linear guide rail also includes a digital display meter, which is connected to the detection head (4).

9. The linear guide rail according to claim 5, characterized in that: At least one cooling channel (7) is provided on the linear rail (1), the cooling channel (7) is arranged to penetrate along the length direction of the linear rail (1), and at least one cooling channel (7) is located on a side of the linear rail (1) where the detection ruler (3) is arranged; and / or, The slider (2) is provided with a through U-shaped groove, both sides of the U-shaped groove are provided with convex rails (8), both sides of the linear rail (1) are provided with groove rails (9), and the convex rails (8) are inserted into the groove rails (9).

10. A numerically controlled machine tool, characterized in that: It comprises a machine tool body, a controller and a linear guide rail as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the linear guide rail and the controller are arranged on the machine tool body, and the controller is used to obtain position information detected by the detection head (4).

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