Energy dissipation structure of water conservancy and hydropower engineering

Abstract

The utility model discloses an energy dissipation structure of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, which relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and comprises a dam body, the bottom of the right side of the dam body is fixedly connected with a riverbed, and the inner wall of the dam body is provided with an energy dissipation mechanism; the energy dissipation mechanism comprises an upper straight water channel. By arranging the energy dissipation mechanism and utilizing the first water pumping block and the second water pumping block in the energy dissipation mechanism, when the dam body drains water, water flows flowing out of the upper straight water channel and the upper inclined water channel collide with each other, primary energy dissipation can be carried out, and the collided water flows fall onto the first energy dissipation strip and then are subjected to secondary energy dissipation; when the water flow passes through the first water raising plate and then upwarps, the third energy dissipation is carried out, the water flow from the lower straight water channel passes through the second water raising plate and then upwarps, the water flow collides with the water flow upwarps from the first water raising plate, the fourth energy dissipation is carried out, and a good energy dissipation effect is achieved through multiple times of collision of the water flow; therefore, the situation that the energy dissipation device is damaged is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, in particular to an energy dissipation structure of water conservancy and hydropower engineering. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the gradual development of hydropower resources in mountainous rivers in my country, the development of hydropower engineering construction in my country has entered a climax stage, especially in the western mountainous areas, where a large number of small and medium-sized hydropower stations have been built. The water flow in natural rivers is generally slow, and the single-width flow is evenly distributed along the river width. However, when dams, gates and other water discharge structures are built in the river, the flow conditions of the river have undergone tremendous changes. The downstream water flow has a large flow rate and large water flow energy, which has a great destructive effect on the riverbed downstream of the water discharge structure. If this problem is not solved well in actual engineering, it will not only cause damage to the downstream riverbed, but also cause the occurrence of Severe scouring and river siltation will also cause adverse flow patterns, affecting the normal operation of other buildings in water conservancy and hydropower projects and even endangering the safety of dams. Therefore, it is very important to take effective engineering measures to artificially control the connection and energy dissipation of water flow downstream of the discharge structure to ensure the safety of the building. The energy dissipation structure of water conservancy and hydropower projects is an engineering facility built to eliminate the kinetic energy of the rapids discharged from the discharge structure, prevent or reduce the scouring and damage of water flow to hydraulic structures and their downstream rivers and canals, and make the water flow properly connected with the normal downstream water flow within a shorter distance.

[0003] The amount of water in the reservoir is affected by the season and the actual situation upstream. The amount of water flow determines the flow rate and energy of the water discharge. A device that can adjust the position of the energy dissipation structure according to the actual water flow is needed to achieve better energy dissipation effect.

[0004] An existing patent (publication number: CN 218204247 U) discloses an energy dissipation structure for water conservancy and hydropower projects, which is divided by a first discharge channel and a second discharge channel. When the water flow is large, two water flows will be formed by opening the first valve and the second valve. The two water flows will collide with each other to offset part of the energy. The water flow after the collision will be dispersed, and then the water flow will pass through the first energy dissipation device and then the impact unit, and then the water flow will pass through the second energy dissipation device and the third energy dissipation device. After passing through the three sets of energy dissipation devices, the energy of the water flow output by the reservoir will be greatly weakened, resulting in a very good energy dissipation effect.

[0005] However, the above technical scheme still has certain defects. When the first drainage channel and the second drainage channel form two water flows and spray out, the two water flows will collide with each other, thereby offsetting a part of the energy. The water flows after the collision will fall downward onto the impact unit. Although a part of the energy of the water flows after the collision will be offset, the energy is still very huge. The impact unit is only supported from the side by a hydraulic device, and it is difficult to remain stable for a long time under the condition of huge impact force. After being impacted by the water flow for a long time, the impact unit is likely to be tilted or even damaged by the water flow impact. For this reason, an energy dissipation structure of water conservancy and hydropower engineering is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0006] Based on this, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an energy dissipation structure for water conservancy and hydropower projects to solve the technical problems raised in the above background.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solution: an energy dissipation structure for a water conservancy and hydropower project, comprising a dam body, the right bottom of the dam body is fixedly connected to a riverbed, and an energy dissipation mechanism is provided on the inner wall of the dam body;

[0008] The energy dissipation mechanism includes an upper straight water channel, a plurality of upper straight water channels are opened on the upper part of the dam body, and the upper straight water channels penetrate the left and right outer walls of the dam body, a plurality of upper inclined water channels are opened on the lower part of the dam body, and the upper inclined water channels penetrate the left and right outer walls of the dam body, a plurality of lower straight water channels are opened on the lower part of the dam body, and the lower straight water channels penetrate the left and right outer walls of the dam body, a first inclined support block is fixedly connected to the right outer wall of the dam body, a first water lifting block is fixedly connected to the right outer wall of the first inclined support block, a second inclined support block is fixedly connected to the top of the riverbed, and a second water lifting block is fixedly connected to the top of the inclined surface of the second inclined support block.

[0009] As an optimal technical solution for the energy dissipation structure of a water conservancy and hydropower project of the utility model, a plurality of groups of support plates are fixedly connected to the top end of the second inclined support block, and the top ends of the plurality of groups of support plates are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first inclined support block, and the plurality of groups of lower straight water channels are respectively arranged alternately with the plurality of groups of support plates.

[0010] As an optimal technical solution for the energy dissipation structure of a water conservancy and hydropower project of the utility model, the inner walls of the upper straight waterway, the upper inclined waterway and the lower straight waterway are all fixedly connected with stop valves.

[0011] As an optimal technical solution for the energy dissipation structure of a water conservancy and hydropower project of the utility model, the inclined outer wall of the first inclined support block is fixedly connected with multiple groups of first energy dissipation strips, and the multiple groups of first energy dissipation strips correspond to multiple groups of upper straight water channels and multiple groups of upper inclined water channels respectively.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution for the energy dissipation structure of a water conservancy and hydropower project of the utility model, a plurality of groups of second energy dissipation strips are fixedly connected to the inclined outer wall of the second inclined support block.

[0013] As an optimal technical solution for the energy dissipation structure of a water conservancy and hydropower project of the utility model, two sets of side plates are fixedly connected to the top of the riverbed.

[0014] As an optimal technical solution for the energy dissipation structure of a water conservancy and hydropower project of the utility model, a turbulence mechanism is provided at the top of the riverbed, and the turbulence mechanism includes a first water retaining block, and a plurality of groups of first water retaining blocks are fixedly connected to the top of the riverbed, and the plurality of groups of first water retaining blocks respectively correspond to the gaps between the plurality of groups of second energy dissipation strips, and a plurality of groups of second water retaining blocks are fixedly connected to the top of the riverbed, and the plurality of groups of second water retaining blocks respectively correspond to the gaps between the plurality of groups of first water retaining blocks.

[0015] In summary, the utility model mainly has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The utility model arranges an energy dissipation mechanism and utilizes the first water-lifting block and the second water-lifting block in the energy dissipation mechanism so that when the dam body releases water, the water flows out of the upper straight water channel and the upper inclined water channel collide with each other to perform the initial energy dissipation, the water flows after the collision fall on the first energy dissipation strip to perform the secondary energy dissipation, when the water flows through the first water-lifting plate, it tilts upward to perform the third energy dissipation, the water flows out of the lower straight water channel tilt upward through the second water-lifting plate and collide with the water flows tilted from the first water-lifting plate to perform the fourth energy dissipation, and utilizes multiple collisions of the water flows to achieve a good energy dissipation effect, thereby preventing the energy dissipation device from being damaged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the utility model.

[0020] In the figure: 100, dam body; 200, energy dissipation mechanism; 300, turbulence mechanism;

[0021] 101, riverbed; 102, side plate;

[0022] 201, upper straight water channel; 202, upper inclined water channel; 203, lower straight water channel; 204, first inclined support block; 205, first water lifting block; 206, second inclined support block; 207, support plate; 208, second water lifting block; 209, stop valve; 210, first energy dissipation strip; 211, second energy dissipation strip;

[0023] 301. A first water retaining block; 302. A second water retaining block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the utility model, and cannot be understood as limiting the utility model.

[0025] The following describes an embodiment of the utility model based on its overall structure.

[0026] An energy dissipation structure of a water conservancy and hydropower project, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes a dam body 100, the right bottom of the dam body 100 is fixedly connected to the riverbed 101, and the inner wall of the dam body 100 is provided with an energy dissipation mechanism 200;

[0027] The energy dissipation mechanism 200 includes an upper straight water channel 201, a plurality of upper straight water channels 201 are provided on the upper part of the dam body 100, and the upper straight water channels 201 penetrate the outer walls on the left and right sides of the dam body 100, a plurality of upper inclined water channels 202 are provided on the lower part of the dam body 100, and the upper inclined water channels 202 penetrate the outer walls on the left and right sides of the dam body 100, a plurality of lower straight water channels 203 are provided on the lower part of the dam body 100, and the lower straight water channels 203 penetrate the outer walls on the left and right sides of the dam body 100, and the right outer wall of the dam body 100 is fixedly connected with a first inclined support block 204, and the first inclined support block 204 is fixedly connected with the first inclined support block 204. The right outer wall of the support block 204 is fixedly connected to the first water pumping block 205, the top of the riverbed 101 is fixedly connected to the second inclined support block 206, the top of the inclined surface of the second inclined support block 206 is fixedly connected to the second water pumping block 208, the top of the second inclined support block 206 is fixedly connected to multiple groups of support plates 207, and the tops of the multiple groups of support plates 207 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first inclined support block 204, the multiple groups of lower straight water channels 203 are staggered with the multiple groups of support plates 207, and the inner walls of the upper straight water channel 201, the upper inclined water channel 202 and the lower straight water channel 203 are all fixedly connected with stop valves 209.

[0028] When the dam body 100 releases water, the stop valves 209 in the upper straight waterway 201 and the upper inclined waterway 202 are opened first, and the upper straight waterway 201 and the upper inclined waterway 202 release water outward at the same time. When the water flow in the upper inclined waterway 202 flows out of the upper inclined waterway 202, it will be slightly lifted upward and collide with the water flow out of the upper straight waterway 201, so as to perform the initial energy dissipation. The water flow of the initial energy dissipation will fall on the first inclined support plate 207. Due to the inclined surface setting of the first inclined support plate 207, the impact of the water flow on the first inclined support plate 207 can be effectively reduced. At the same time, the setting of multiple groups of support plates 207 can effectively provide support force for the first inclined support block 204, so as to prevent the first inclined support block 204 from tilting and collapsing. It will flow along the first inclined support plate 207 to the first water pumping block 205. After the water flows through the first water pumping plate, it will be lifted up due to the arc surface of the first water pumping plate. When it flows to high altitude, diffusion will occur, and the kinetic energy of the water flow will be dissipated by air. The contact area between the water flow and the second inclined support block 206 will be increased, thereby completing the third energy dissipation. In this way, the scouring of the second inclined support block 206 when the water flow directly falls on the second inclined support block 206 is reduced. At this time, the stop valve 209 in the lower straight water channel 203 is opened again. After passing through the second water pumping plate, the water flow from the lower straight water channel 203 will be lifted up and collide with the water flow lifted up from the first water pumping plate to perform the fourth energy dissipation. Multiple collisions of water flow can achieve a good energy dissipation effect.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1-3 The inclined outer wall of the first inclined support block 204 is fixedly connected with multiple groups of first energy dissipation strips 210, and the multiple groups of first energy dissipation strips 210 correspond to the multiple groups of upper straight water channels 201 and the multiple groups of upper inclined water channels 202 respectively. The inclined outer wall of the second inclined support block 206 is fixedly connected with multiple groups of second energy dissipation strips 211.

[0030] After the water flow of the initial energy dissipation falls on the first energy dissipation strip 210, the water flow will contact the top of multiple groups of first energy dissipation strips 210. The top of the first energy dissipation strip is designed as a pointed end, so that multiple groups of first energy dissipation strips 210 can divide a water flow into multiple groups of water flows, thereby performing secondary energy dissipation. The water flow after the fourth energy dissipation will fall on the inclined surface of the second inclined support block 206, thereby contacting multiple groups of second energy dissipation strips 211. Multiple groups of second energy dissipation strips 211 are also designed as pointed ends, so that multiple groups of second energy dissipation strips 211 can divide the water flow after the fourth energy dissipation into multiple groups of water flows again, thereby performing the fifth energy dissipation.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 Two sets of side plates 102 are fixedly connected to the top of the riverbed 101.

[0032] The side plates 102 can prevent the splashes generated by the collision of water flows from splashing to areas outside the riverbed 101 .

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1A turbulence mechanism 300 is provided at the top of the riverbed 101, and the turbulence mechanism 300 includes a first water retaining block 301. A plurality of groups of first water retaining blocks 301 are fixedly connected to the top of the riverbed 101, and the plurality of groups of first water retaining blocks 301 correspond to the gaps between the plurality of groups of second energy dissipation strips 211, respectively. A plurality of groups of second water retaining blocks 302 are fixedly connected to the top of the riverbed 101, and the plurality of groups of second water retaining blocks 302 correspond to the gaps between the plurality of groups of first water retaining blocks 301, respectively.

[0034] The water flow after the fifth energy dissipation will flow into the riverbed 101. At this time, the energy of the water flow has been greatly reduced. When the water flow passes through multiple groups of first water retaining blocks 301, the water flow will be divided into multiple streams again, thereby once again slowing down the impact force of the water flow. When the multiple streams of water pass through multiple groups of second water retaining blocks 302, they are again divided into multiple streams, thereby further slowing down the impact force of the water flow.

[0035] When in use, the water flows out of the upper straight water channel 201 and the upper inclined water channel 202 collide with each other to perform the initial energy dissipation. The water flow after the collision falls on the first energy dissipation strip 210 for the secondary energy dissipation. When the water flow passes through the first water-lifting plate, it tilts upward to perform the third energy dissipation. The water flow out of the lower straight water channel 203 tilts upward after passing through the second water-lifting plate and collides with the water flow tilted from the first water-lifting plate to perform the fourth energy dissipation. Multiple collisions of water flows are used to achieve a good energy dissipation effect, thereby preventing the energy dissipation device from being damaged. The parts not involved in the device are the same as the prior art or can be implemented using the prior art.

[0036] Although an embodiment of the utility model has been shown and described, this specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the utility model and is not a limitation of the utility model. The specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions and variations to the embodiments without creative contributions as needed without departing from the principles and purpose of the utility model. However, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the utility model, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. An energy dissipation structure for a water conservancy and hydropower project, comprising a dam body (100), characterized in that: The right bottom of the dam body (100) is fixedly connected to a riverbed (101), and the inner wall of the dam body (100) is provided with an energy dissipation mechanism (200); The energy dissipation mechanism (200) comprises an upper straight water channel (201), a plurality of groups of upper straight water channels (201) are provided on the upper part of the dam body (100), and the upper straight water channels (201) penetrate the left and right outer walls of the dam body (100), a plurality of groups of upper inclined water channels (202) are provided below the upper straight water channels (201) inside the dam body (100), and the upper inclined water channels (202) penetrate the left and right outer walls of the dam body (100), and a plurality of groups of upper inclined water channels (202) are provided below the inner part of the dam body (100). A lower straight water channel (203) is formed, and the lower straight water channel (203) runs through the left and right outer walls of the dam body (100); the right outer wall of the dam body (100) is fixedly connected to a first inclined support block (204); the right outer wall of the first inclined support block (204) is fixedly connected to a first water-lifting block (205); the top of the riverbed (101) is fixedly connected to a second inclined support block (206); the top of the inclined surface of the second inclined support block (206) is fixedly connected to a second water-lifting block (208).

2. The energy dissipation structure of a water conservancy and hydropower project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the second inclined support block (206) is fixedly connected to a plurality of support plates (207), and the top ends of the plurality of support plates (207) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first inclined support block (204), and the plurality of lower straight water channels (203) are respectively arranged in a staggered manner with the plurality of support plates (207).

3. The energy dissipation structure of a water conservancy and hydropower project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner walls of the upper straight water channel (201), the upper inclined water channel (202) and the lower straight water channel (203) are all fixedly connected with stop valves (209).

4. The energy dissipation structure of a water conservancy and hydropower project according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first energy dissipation strips (210) are fixedly connected to the inclined outer wall of the first inclined support block (204), and the plurality of first energy dissipation strips (210) respectively correspond to the plurality of upper straight water channels (201) and the plurality of upper inclined water channels (202).

5. The energy dissipation structure of a water conservancy and hydropower project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined outer wall of the second inclined support block (206) is fixedly connected with a plurality of sets of second energy dissipation strips (211).

6. The energy dissipation structure of a water conservancy and hydropower project according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two sets of side plates (102) are fixedly connected to the top of the riverbed (101).

7. The energy dissipation structure of a water conservancy and hydropower project according to claim 5, characterized in that: A turbulent flow mechanism (300) is provided at the top of the riverbed (101), and the turbulent flow mechanism (300) comprises a first water retaining block (301); a plurality of groups of first water retaining blocks (301) are fixedly connected to the top of the riverbed (101), and the plurality of groups of first water retaining blocks (301) respectively correspond to the gaps between the plurality of groups of second energy dissipation strips (211); a plurality of groups of second water retaining blocks (302) are fixedly connected to the top of the riverbed (101), and the plurality of groups of second water retaining blocks (302) respectively correspond to the gaps between the plurality of groups of first water retaining blocks (301).

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