Intelligent sleeve

Abstract

The utility model provides an intelligent sleeve, and belongs to the technical field of steel bar sleeves of prefabricated buildings. The problems that existing sleeve grouting quality detection is difficult, inaccurate and incomplete are solved. Comprising a sleeve, a grouting hole is formed in one end of the sleeve, a grout outlet hole is formed in the other end of the sleeve, two intelligent aggregate holes located on the same center line are further formed in the two ends of the sleeve, the intelligent aggregate hole in one end is located on the outer side of the grout outlet hole, and the intelligent aggregate hole in the other end is located on the outer side of the grouting hole. Intelligent aggregates used for transmitting and receiving compactness, strength and crack signals of grouting materials are fixed in the two intelligent aggregate holes respectively, the two intelligent aggregates are arranged in an up-and-down alignment mode, wires of the two intelligent aggregates are connected to a copper shaft respectively, and the copper shaft is fixed to the outer portion of the sleeve; the device is applied to the full-period quality detection of the grouting material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model provides an intelligent sleeve, belonging to the technical field of assembled building steel bar sleeves. Background Art

[0002] Prefabricated buildings are a fast, efficient and environmentally friendly construction method that has been widely used. However, the degree of intelligence and informationization of prefabricated buildings is relatively low, especially in the field of steel sleeve grouting connection. At present, the defects and shortcomings of the existing sleeve grouting technology are as follows:

[0003] 1. Grouting quality inspection is difficult:

[0004] ① At present, the means of testing the grouting quality are relatively limited. There is a lack of effective non-destructive testing technology and equipment, which makes it impossible to conduct a comprehensive and accurate test on the grouting quality, and it is difficult to effectively check the grouting density and whether the grouting material is cracked;

[0005] ② In the context of low intelligence, traditional quality inspection methods, such as endoscopy, rely on the visual perception and experience of on-site workers. This will lead to inconsistent inspection results, because manual inspection is affected by subjective factors, and it is difficult to ensure that the quality inspection of each sleeve is accurate.

[0006] 2. It is difficult to detect the strength of the grouting material in the sleeve:

[0007] ① Traditional testing methods have great limitations: Traditional grouting material strength testing methods, such as pull-out tests and drilling sampling tests, require destructive operations on site, which have limitations such as high difficulty in operation, destructive testing, and high cost. Destructive testing of structures is unacceptable for some structures that have been put into use or need to maintain integrity. Destructive testing methods will not only damage the structure, but also greatly increase the cost of structural repair.

[0008] ② The detection of the solid strength of the grouting material has not attracted widespread attention in the industry: there is no effective non-destructive testing technology applied to the solid strength detection of the grouting material in the sleeve.

[0009] 3. Lack of full-life cycle quality testing methods: There is a lack of effective full-life cycle quality testing methods for the grouting quality and strength of the grouting material in the sleeve, which leads to the inability to fully and accurately test the quality and performance of the grouting material at each stage. The lack of effective full-life cycle quality testing methods has brought a series of problems to the quality and strength testing of the grouting material inside the sleeve, mainly including:

[0010] ① Limitations in the construction phase: During the construction process, due to the lack of real-time and effective quality inspection methods, it is difficult to detect and deal with grouting problems in a timely manner. This leads to grouting quality defects in the subsequent stages and increases the cost of repair.

[0011] ② Unable to detect the safety and durability of the structure over a long period of time: After the structure is put into use, the lack of quality inspection methods throughout the entire life cycle makes it difficult to monitor the long-term performance of the grouting material inside the sleeve.

[0012] ③ No early warning: There is a lack of advance warning mechanism to detect potential defects or performance degradation of grouting materials before problems occur. This results in remedial actions being taken only after the problem occurs, increasing the difficulty of repair and maintenance.

[0013] ④ Difficulty in conducting post-disaster quality assessment: The structure may be affected by various changes during use, such as typhoons, earthquakes, changes in loads and environmental conditions. The lack of quality inspection methods throughout the life cycle makes it difficult to timely detect the impact of earthquakes on the performance of the grouting material in the sleeve. Utility Model Content

[0014] In order to solve the problems of difficult, inaccurate and incomplete detection of sleeve grouting quality at present, the utility model proposes an intelligent sleeve, the purpose of which is to realize intelligent and full-cycle quality detection of grouting material in the sleeve by improving the structure inside the sleeve.

[0015] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: an intelligent sleeve, including a sleeve, a grouting hole is opened at one end of the sleeve, a slurry outlet hole is opened at the other end of the sleeve, and two smart aggregate holes located on the same center line are opened at both ends of the sleeve, and the smart aggregate hole at one end is located outside the slurry outlet hole, and the smart aggregate hole at the other end is located outside the grouting hole, and smart aggregates for transmitting and receiving grouting material density, strength and crack signals are respectively fixed in the two smart aggregate holes, the two smart aggregates are aligned up and down, and the wires of the two smart aggregates are respectively connected to two copper shafts, and the copper shafts are fixed on the outside of the sleeve.

[0016] The grouting hole and the grouting hole are located on the same side of the sleeve.

[0017] The grouting hole and the grouting hole are located on the same center line.

[0018] The smart aggregate hole, the grouting hole and the grouting hole are located on the same side of the sleeve.

[0019] The intelligent aggregate hole, the grouting hole and the grouting hole are located on the same center line.

[0020] The two copper shafts are respectively connected to a data acquisition card through a wire, and the data acquisition card is connected to a display control terminal through a wire.

[0021] The two copper shafts are respectively connected to a data acquisition card through a wire, and the data acquisition card is connected to a display control terminal through a wire.

[0022] The smart aggregate adopts piezoelectric smart aggregate, including a piezoelectric ceramic sheet and a shielding wire. One end of the shielding wire is welded to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the other end is welded to the copper shaft.

[0023] The data acquisition card collects the density data of the grouting material by stimulating the intelligent aggregate to transmit and receive five peak pulse wave signals with a frequency lower than 5kHz;

[0024] The data acquisition card collects the grouting material strength data by stimulating the intelligent aggregate to transmit and receive 100Hz-1kHz frequency sinusoidal periodic signals;

[0025] The data acquisition card collects the crack data of the grouting material by stimulating the intelligent aggregate to transmit and receive the sinusoidal periodic signal with a frequency of 100Hz-10kHz.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the utility model compared with the prior art are:

[0027] 1. Comprehensive and effective non-destructive testing: The smart sleeve can be equipped with smart aggregates to more accurately detect the quality and performance of grouting materials and improve testing efficiency:

[0028] ① Sleeve density detection: The utility model adopts built-in intelligent aggregate to transmit and receive signals to detect the density of grouting materials, which has the advantages of low cost, simple operation and sensitive response.

[0029] ② Monitoring the strength of grouting materials: This utility model uses built-in intelligent aggregate to transmit and receive signals to monitor the strength of grouting materials. It has the advantages of convenient operation, sensitive response and non-destructive structure.

[0030] ③ Crack damage identification: The utility model adopts built-in intelligent aggregate to realize the crack damage identification inside the structure, which is more intuitive and convenient.

[0031] 2. Early monitoring and warning:

[0032] ①Through density testing during the grouting process, grouting defects can be discovered in time and preventive measures can be taken, such as timely grouting, to avoid potential structural quality and safety problems.

[0033] ② The early strength of the grouting material, such as 24-hour strength, 3-day strength, 7-day strength and 28-day strength, can be tested. If the strength does not meet the design requirements, it can be repaired in time during the construction stage.

[0034] 3. Full life cycle performance tracking: The smart sleeve can help monitor the performance of the grouting material in the sleeve during its service life. By monitoring the strength, density and crack changes of the grouting material, potential quality problems can be discovered and resolved in a timely manner to ensure the safety and durability of the structure.

[0035] 4. Post-disaster assessment and recovery: After a disaster (natural disasters and environmental changes), the smart sleeve can quickly detect the condition of the grouting material, thereby helping engineers assess the status of the overall structure and assist in post-disaster building restoration work.

[0036] 5. Low full-cycle cost: The use of smart sleeves in prefabricated building projects can significantly reduce the full-cycle cost from a long-term perspective, which is specifically reflected in the following aspects:

[0037] ① Reduce maintenance and repair costs: Smart sleeves reduce the need and frequency of major repairs and structural renovations that may occur in the future through real-time monitoring and early defect detection. Early detection and resolution of problems is more economical than repairing long-term damage, and repairs completed during the construction phase are more time-saving and cost-effective than repairs during the use phase.

[0038] ② Extend the life of the structure: Continuous monitoring of the quality of grouting materials helps to better maintain the prefabricated structure, thereby extending its service life. Extending the life of the structure and reducing the frequency of maintenance means longer use time and significantly reduces the cost per unit time.

[0039] ③ Long-term and repetitive testing: Existing testing is a one-time quality test during the construction phase, while smart aggregates embedded in the sleeve can be used for long-term and repetitive testing, providing a reliable and efficient means for the health management of buildings and structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure when the utility model is applied;

[0042] Figure 2 For the general Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle sleeve after half-section;

[0043] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A front view of

[0044] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the sleeve part of the utility model;

[0045] In the figure: 1 is the reserved steel bar, 2 is the post-inserted steel bar, 3 is the sleeve, 4 is the grouting hole, 5 is the grouting hole, 6 is the smart aggregate hole, 7 is the smart aggregate, 8 is the copper shaft, 9 is the data acquisition card, and 10 is the display control terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the utility model provides an intelligent sleeve, which can perform comprehensive and full-life cycle detection of the grouting quality in the sleeve, mainly comprising a sleeve 3, a grouting hole 4 is opened at one end of the sleeve 3, and a slurry outlet hole 5 is opened at the other end of the sleeve 3. Generally, the diameter of the slurry outlet hole 5 is smaller than the grouting hole 4, and intelligent aggregate holes 6 are respectively opened at positions between the grouting hole 4, the slurry outlet hole 5 and the two end surfaces of the sleeve 3. Intelligent aggregates 7 are fixed in the intelligent aggregate holes 6. The intelligent aggregates 7 are used to realize the detection of the density, strength and cracks of the grouting material. The two intelligent aggregates 7 are respectively connected to the data acquisition card 9 through the copper shaft 8 through the cable. The data acquisition card 9 is connected to the display control terminal 10 through the cable. The display control terminal 10 can adopt a terminal device capable of computing and displaying such as a laptop computer or a desktop computer, wherein the data acquisition card 9 integrates the transmission signal and the collection signal to realize the synchronous collection and transmission of the signal, stimulate the intelligent aggregate 7 to generate a monitoring signal, and collect the signal of the density, strength and cracks of the grouting material.

[0047] Among them, the intelligent aggregate 7 adopts piezoelectric intelligent aggregate, and the core components of the piezoelectric intelligent aggregate are piezoelectric ceramic sheets and shielded wires. The utility model uses the lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoelectric ceramic sheets commonly used in health monitoring. According to the requirements of different functions, the PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramic sheet has the dual functions of transmitting and receiving. It can transmit signals of general frequencies and receive most signals. It has high sensitivity, so it best meets the monitoring requirements. The piezoelectric intelligent aggregate sensor is made with this as the core component. The parameters of the PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramic sheet are shown in Table 1 below. The shielded wire is a bridge connecting the piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the external receiving and signaling device. Its quality plays a vital role in the entire device. At present, there are many types of shielded wires. In view of the problem of positive and negative poles of piezoelectric ceramic sheets, the utility model uses a double-wire shielded wire with a built-in plastic protective layer and a copper wire mesh to make its shielding performance higher and enhance the stability of the signal. One end of the shielded wire is welded to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the other end is welded to the copper shaft 8.

[0048]

[0049] Table 1 PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramic parameters.

[0050] The detection steps of the utility model are as follows:

[0051] Step 1: Make a sleeve 3, which is made of seamless steel pipe. Grouting holes 4 and grouting holes 5 are respectively opened at both ends of the sleeve 3, and smart aggregate holes 6 are opened at the upper and lower ends. It is ensured that the smart aggregate holes 6 are located outside the grouting holes 4 and the grouting holes 5, that is, when the sleeve 3 is used in the vertical direction, the lower smart aggregate holes 6 are lower than the grouting holes 4, and the upper smart aggregate holes 6 are higher than the grouting holes 5, which ensures the accuracy of the grouting material detection;

[0052] Step 2: Place two smart aggregates 7 in the smart aggregate holes 6 to fix the positions of the smart aggregates 7;

[0053] Step 3: Spot weld the reserved steel bar 1 at both ends of the cylinder wall to fix the position of the steel bar;

[0054] Step 4: Place the rear inserted steel bar 2 in the sleeve 3;

[0055] Step 5: inject grouting material from the grouting port 4, and stop grouting when the grouting material overflows from the grouting hole 5;

[0056] Step 6: After the grouting is completed, the density test is carried out: first, the intelligent aggregate 7 is connected to the copper shaft 8, the data acquisition card 9 is connected to the copper shaft 8, and the data acquisition card 9 is connected to the display control terminal 10 at the same time. The data acquisition card 9 transmits and collects signals to realize the synchronous collection and transmission of signals, stimulates the intelligent aggregate 7 to generate a monitoring signal, and performs the density test of the grouting material;

[0057] Step 7: Maintenance;

[0058] Step 8: After the maintenance is completed, carry out strength monitoring: stimulate the intelligent aggregate 7 to generate a monitoring signal through the data acquisition card 9 to monitor the strength of the grouting material;

[0059] Step 9: Carry out crack damage identification: stimulate the intelligent aggregate 7 to generate a monitoring signal through the data acquisition card 9 to identify the crack damage of the grouting material.

[0060] The detection principle of the density of the grouting material is: stress wave propagation is applied to the detection of the density of the grouting material through the modern acoustic "time reversal" concept. One smart aggregate 7 is stimulated to generate a monitoring signal, and the other smart aggregate 7 receives the monitoring signal. At the same time, the received signal is inverted in the time domain and stimulated again to receive the reconstructed signal. The received signal is processed by waveform processing to obtain the normalized waveform of each signal, and the density of the grouting material is detected by comparing the difference between them. When the medium between the two "smart aggregates" has no defects such as voids and cracks that affect the density, the reconstructed signal is basically consistent with the original monitoring signal; if there is a defect between the two sensors, the reconstructed signal will be different from the original monitoring signal. For this detection method, in order to more clearly distinguish the difference between the reconstructed signal and the original signal, a pulse signal with peak fluctuations is selected. Since the attenuation of sound waves will increase with the increase of frequency when propagating in the grouting material, a lower frequency should be selected to increase the penetration ability of sound waves in the material. For the above reasons, the detection signal uses a pulse wave with five peaks with a frequency lower than 5kHz.

[0061] The detection principle of grouting material strength is as follows: According to the stress wave propagation theory, the propagation parameters (amplitude, wave velocity, etc.) of stress waves are closely related to the characteristics of the propagation medium. When the mechanical parameters of the propagation medium (such as elastic modulus, shear modulus, etc.) change, the signal received by the piezoelectric sensor, i.e., the intelligent aggregate 7, will change (amplitude attenuation, propagation time delay, etc.), and the change in the strength of the grouting material can be judged based on its change. The sleeve grouting material is mainly a high-strength composite material composed of slurry and fine aggregate. The biggest difference between it and concrete material is that there is no coarse aggregate such as stone in the sleeve grouting material. Based on this difference, when the sound wave propagates in the grouting material, when the frequency is low, the wavelength is long and much larger than the average diameter of the fine aggregate of the grouting material. The sound wave can bypass the aggregate during the propagation process, and the attenuation at this time is mainly absorption attenuation. According to the absorption attenuation Stokes-Kirchhoff formula, the absorption attenuation coefficient is not only related to the properties of the medium, but also to the frequency of the sound wave. The larger the frequency ω, the greater the attenuation. Since the sinusoidal periodic signal has the advantages of simple structure and easy post-processing, the monitoring signal can be selected as a low-frequency (100Hz-1kHz) sinusoidal periodic signal.

[0062] The monitoring principle of grouting cracks is: when the stress wave encounters damage such as cracks in the structure during the propagation of the grouting material, reflection and other phenomena will occur, resulting in the attenuation of the stress wave, which in turn causes the attenuation of the received signal energy. The signal amplitude in the time domain analysis is highly sensitive to crack damage, and as the damage increases, the amplitude attenuates more severely. The signals that are more sensitive to structural crack damage mainly include sinusoidal periodic signals, pulse signals, and swept frequency signals. Among them, the sinusoidal periodic signal has the advantages of simple structure and easy post-processing. The pulse signal has the advantages of small data storage and sensitivity to damage, but the propagation distance is short, and the stability and anti-interference are not as good as the sinusoidal periodic signal. Combining the pros and cons of various signals, the sinusoidal periodic signal can be selected as the monitoring signal. In terms of sensitivity, according to experimental research, high-frequency signals are more sensitive to minor damage, but the higher the frequency, the more the signal amplitude attenuates; in terms of propagation distance, generally when the frequency is 10kHz, the signal can propagate about 10 meters, and when the frequency reaches 100kHz, it can only propagate to 1 meter. After comprehensive consideration and a large number of experimental studies, the utility model determines the frequency range of the sweep signal to be 100Hz-10kHz, so that the signal has both strong vitality and good sensitivity to damage when propagating in the medium. The detection of cracks is the same as the principle of strength monitoring, using signal energy as a characteristic index to characterize structural damage, thereby improving the sensitivity of damage characterization.

[0063] The above-mentioned detection principles for the density, strength and cracks of the grouting material are all conventional technical means in this field. For the analysis and judgment of the subsequent detection data, reference can be made to the methods in the paper "Research on the Identification of Peeling Damage of CFRP Reinforced Concrete Structures Using PZT". The utility model only improves the structure of the sleeve, and does not improve the detection method. The detection method adopts the existing technology.

[0064] Regarding the specific structure of the utility model, it should be explained that the connection relationship between the various component modules adopted in the utility model is definite and feasible. Except for special instructions in the embodiments, the specific connection relationship can bring corresponding technical effects and solve the technical problems raised by the utility model without relying on the execution of corresponding software programs. The components, modules, models of specific components and the connection methods between each other appearing in the utility model, as well as the conventional use methods and expected technical effects brought about by the above-mentioned technical features, except for specific instructions, all belong to the disclosed contents in patents, journal articles, technical manuals, technical dictionaries, and textbooks that can be obtained by technical personnel in this field before the application date, or belong to the existing technologies such as conventional technologies and common knowledge in this field, and there is no need to elaborate, so that the technical solution provided in this case is clear, complete and feasible, and the corresponding physical products can be reproduced or obtained according to the technical means.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. An intelligent sleeve, comprising a sleeve (3), wherein one end of the sleeve (3) is provided with a grouting hole (4), and the other end of the sleeve (3) is provided with a grouting hole (5), characterized in that: Two smart aggregate holes (6) located on the same center line are also provided at both ends of the sleeve (3), and the smart aggregate hole (6) at one end is located outside the grouting hole (5), and the smart aggregate hole (6) at the other end is located outside the grouting hole (4). Smart aggregates (7) for transmitting and receiving grouting material density, strength and crack signals are respectively fixed in the two smart aggregate holes (6). The two smart aggregates (7) are arranged in an aligned manner up and down, and the wires of the two smart aggregates (7) are respectively connected to two copper shafts (8), and the copper shafts (8) are fixed outside the sleeve (3).

2. The smart sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grouting hole (4) and the grouting hole (5) are located on the same side of the sleeve (3).

3. The smart sleeve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grouting hole (4) and the grouting hole (5) are located on the same center line.

4. The smart sleeve according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The intelligent aggregate hole (6), the grouting hole (4) and the grouting hole (5) are located on the same side of the sleeve (3).

5. The smart sleeve according to claim 3, characterized in that: The intelligent aggregate hole (6) is located on the same center line as the grouting hole (4) and the grouting hole (5).

6. The smart sleeve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two copper shafts (8) are respectively connected to a data acquisition card (9) via wires, and the data acquisition card (9) is connected to a display control terminal (10) via wires.

7. The smart sleeve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two copper shafts (8) are respectively connected to a data acquisition card (9) via wires, and the data acquisition card (9) is connected to a display control terminal (10) via wires.

8. The smart sleeve according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The smart aggregate (7) is a piezoelectric smart aggregate, comprising a piezoelectric ceramic sheet and a shielded wire, one end of the shielded wire being welded to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the other end being welded to the copper shaft (8).

9. The smart sleeve according to claim 8, characterized in that: The data acquisition card (9) collects the density data of the grouting material by stimulating the intelligent aggregate (7) to transmit and receive five peak pulse wave signals with a frequency lower than 5 kHz; The data acquisition card (9) collects the grouting material strength data by stimulating the intelligent aggregate (7) to transmit and receive a sinusoidal periodic signal with a frequency of 100 Hz to 1 kHz; The data acquisition card (9) collects the crack data of the grouting material by stimulating the intelligent aggregate (7) to transmit and receive a sinusoidal periodic signal with a frequency of 100 Hz to 10 kHz.

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