Interface circuit, communication module and communication equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides an interface circuit, a communication module and communication equipment, and relates to the technical field of communication. The interface circuit comprises an optocoupler device, a filtering unit, a shaping unit, a signal input end and a signal output end, a first pin of the optocoupler is used for connecting a first preset power supply, a second pin of the optocoupler is connected with a signal input end, a third pin of the optocoupler is connected with an input end of the shaping unit through the filtering unit, and a fourth pin of the optocoupler is used for connecting a second preset power supply; the output end of the shaping unit is connected with the signal output end. According to the interface circuit, the filtering unit is added between the optocoupler and the shaping unit, interference in a loop can be filtered, and the effect of improving the communication quality is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an interface circuit, a communication module and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] The communication module is a hardware device that can be used to complete functions such as signal reception, transmission, and baseband signal processing. Among them, the communication interface is an important component of the communication module and plays an important role in realizing the signal transmission function of the communication module.

[0003] However, in the existing communication interface circuit, no filter device is provided between the signal input terminal and the signal output terminal, which may introduce interference and easily cause communication failure when the signal is poor. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, the present application provides an interface circuit, a communication module and a communication device to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an interface circuit, comprising: an optical coupler, a filtering unit, a shaping unit, a signal input terminal, and a signal output terminal;

[0007] The first pin of the optocoupler is used to connect to a first preset power supply, the second pin of the optocoupler is connected to the signal input end, the third pin of the optocoupler is connected to the input end of the shaping unit through the filtering unit, and the fourth pin of the optocoupler is used to connect to a second preset power supply;

[0008] The output end of the shaping unit is connected to the signal output end.

[0009] In one embodiment, the filtering unit includes: a first resistor and a first capacitor;

[0010] The fourth pin of the optocoupler device is connected to one end of the first resistor, the other end of the first resistor is grounded through the first capacitor, and the other end of the first resistor is also connected to the input end of the shaping unit.

[0011] In one embodiment, the shaping unit includes: a second resistor, a third resistor, and a triode;

[0012] The collector of the triode is the output end of the shaping unit, and is used to connect to the signal output end; the emitter of the triode is grounded;

[0013] One end of the second resistor and one end of the third resistor are both connected to the filtering unit, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the base of the transistor, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to the emitter of the transistor.

[0014] In one embodiment, both the second resistor and the third resistor are adjustable resistors, and control ends of the second resistor and the third resistor are used to connect to a control unit.

[0015] In one embodiment, the interface circuit further includes: a second capacitor;

[0016] The upper plate of the second capacitor is connected to the collector of the transistor, and the lower plate of the second capacitor is connected to the emitter of the transistor.

[0017] In one embodiment, the interface circuit further includes: a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor;

[0018] The first pin and the fourth pin of the optocoupler device are grounded through the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor respectively.

[0019] In one embodiment, the interface circuit further includes: a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor;

[0020] The second pin of the optocoupler device is connected to the signal input end through the fourth resistor, and the first pin of the optocoupler device is connected to the second pin of the optocoupler device through the fifth resistor.

[0021] In one embodiment, the interface circuit is disposed on a printed circuit board, and the shaping unit is disposed at a preset position on the printed circuit board within a preset distance range from the optical coupling device.

[0022] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication module, which includes: a control unit and an interface circuit as described in any of the above embodiments; a signal transmitting end of the control unit is connected to a signal input end of the interface circuit.

[0023] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which includes the communication module described in the above embodiment.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the present application provides an interface circuit, a communication module and a communication device, wherein the interface circuit includes an optocoupler, a filtering unit, a shaping unit, a signal input terminal and a signal output terminal; the first pin of the optocoupler is used to connect to a first preset power supply, the second pin of the optocoupler is connected to the signal input terminal, the third pin of the optocoupler is connected to the input terminal of the shaping unit through the filtering unit, and the fourth pin of the optocoupler is used to connect to the second preset power supply; the output terminal of the shaping unit is connected to the signal output terminal.

[0025] The interface circuit of the present application adds a filtering unit between the optical coupler device and the shaping unit, which can filter interference in the loop, enhance the anti-interference ability of the interface circuit, and play a role in improving communication quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an interface circuit provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of an interface circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the layout of an existing interface circuit on a printed circuit board;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the layout of an interface circuit on a printed circuit board provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication module provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: E1-optical coupler; 1-filter unit; 2-shaping unit; VD-light-emitting diode; VT1-phototransistor; IN-signal input terminal; OUT-signal output terminal; VDD1-first preset power supply; VDD2-second preset power supply; R1-first resistor; C1-first capacitor; R2-second resistor; R3-third resistor; VT2-transistor; C2-second capacitor; C3-third capacitor; C4-fourth capacitor; R4-fourth resistor; R5-fifth resistor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments.

[0034] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed when used. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0036] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, it can be a direct connection, it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other.

[0039] The communication module is a hardware device (such as a 4G communication module, etc.) that can be used to complete functions such as signal reception, transmission, and baseband signal processing. The communication module is provided with a communication interface, which is a physical interface that enables each communication module to transmit signals.

[0040] The communication interface includes a signal input terminal and a signal output terminal. The signal input terminal is used to receive the signal that the communication module in which it is located wants to send to other communication modules, that is, it is used to receive the input signal; the signal output terminal is used to send the signal to other communication modules, that is, it is used to output the signal. However, in the existing communication interface circuit, no filter device is set between the signal input terminal and the signal output terminal, which will introduce interference and easily cause communication failure when the signal is poor.

[0041] Therefore, the present application provides an interface circuit that can solve the above problems. The interface circuit provided by the present application is specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings through multiple examples.

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an interface circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the interface circuit includes: an optical coupler device E1, a filtering unit 1, a shaping unit 2, a signal input terminal IN and a signal output terminal OUT.

[0043] The signal input terminal IN is used to connect to the control unit to receive the signal sent by the control unit; the signal output terminal OUT is used to output the signal to the outside.

[0044] The optocoupler device E1 is a semiconductor optoelectronic device that encapsulates a light-emitting device and a photosensitive device in the same housing and transmits electrical signals through electrical-optical-electrical conversion. The optocoupler device E1 can effectively isolate the input and output signals of the interface circuit. For example, Figure 1 As shown, the light emitting device in the optocoupler device is a light emitting diode VD arranged between the first pin and the second pin, and the photosensitive device is a photosensitive transistor VT1 arranged between the third pin and the fourth pin. The conduction current of the optocoupler device E1 can be increased, and the larger the value, the better the anti-interference ability of the interface circuit.

[0045] The filtering unit 1 plays a role in smoothing the signal in the circuit, can filter out interference, and enhance the anti-interference ability of the interface circuit to improve its stability; the shaping unit 2 plays a role in increasing the signal density received by the signal output terminal OUT.

[0046] Specifically, the first pin of the optocoupler device E1 is used to connect to the first preset power supply VDD1; the second pin of the optocoupler device is connected to the signal input terminal IN; the third pin of the optocoupler device is connected to the input terminal of the shaping unit through the filtering unit; the fourth pin of the optocoupler device is used to connect to the second preset power supply VDD2; the output terminal of the shaping unit is connected to the signal output terminal OUT, the voltage value provided by the first preset power supply VDD1 can be, for example, 5V, and the voltage value provided by the second preset power supply VDD2 can be, for example, 4.8V.

[0047] In summary, the interface circuit provided in this embodiment adds a filtering unit between the optical coupler device and the shaping unit, which can filter the interference in the loop, enhance the anti-interference ability of the interface circuit, and play a role in improving the communication quality.

[0048] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of an interface circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, in one example, the filtering unit may be an RC filter composed of a capacitor and a resistor, including a first resistor R1 and a first capacitor C1, the fourth pin of the optocoupler device E1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is grounded through the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is also connected to the input end of the shaping unit. It should be noted that Figure 2 The first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1 are only taken as examples. In actual operation, the filter unit may include multiple resistors and multiple capacitors.

[0049] Continue to refer to Figure 2 The shaping unit may include, for example, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a transistor VT2. The collector of the transistor VT2 is the output end of the shaping unit, and is used to connect to the signal output end OUT; the emitter of the transistor VT2 is grounded; one end of the second resistor R2 and one end of the third resistor R3 are both connected to the filtering unit, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the base of the transistor VT2, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the emitter of the transistor VT2.

[0050] When the second pin of the optocoupler device E1 receives the signal from the signal input end, the optocoupler device E1 is turned on, and its third pin transmits an electrical signal to the base of the transistor VT2 through the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 in sequence, so that the transistor VT2 is turned on, and the signal output end OUT can receive the signal from the signal input end. The function of the second resistor R2 is to limit the current when the optocoupler is turned on, and the function of the third resistor R3 is to ground the base of the transistor VT2 when the optocoupler device E1 is not turned on, so as to prevent the transistor VT2 from being mis-turned on when the optocoupler device E1 is not turned on.

[0051] In addition, the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 are both adjustable resistors, and the control ends of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 are used to connect to the control unit. The control unit can send control signals to the control ends of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 to adjust the resistance values ​​of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3. If the communication baud rate of the interface circuit needs to be adjusted, it can be achieved by adjusting the resistance values ​​of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3.

[0052] Continue to refer to Figure 2The interface circuit may further include a second capacitor C2, an upper plate of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the collector of the transistor VT2, a lower plate of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the emitter of the transistor VT2, and the second capacitor C2 can prevent the signal output terminal OUT from being interfered.

[0053] The interface circuit may further include a third capacitor C3 and a fourth capacitor C4, and the first pin and the fourth pin of the optocoupler device E1 are grounded through the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4, respectively. When the first pin of the optocoupler device E1 is connected to the first preset power supply VDD1, the first preset power supply VDD1 is grounded through the third capacitor C3, and the third capacitor C3 can filter out high-frequency signals and improve the anti-interference performance of the first preset power supply VDD1; when the fourth pin of the optocoupler device E1 is connected to the second preset power supply VDD2, the second preset power supply VDD2 is grounded through the fourth capacitor C4, and the fourth capacitor C4 can filter out high-frequency signals and improve the anti-interference performance of the second preset power supply VDD2.

[0054] The interface circuit may further include a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5. The second pin of the optocoupler device E1 is connected to the signal input terminal through the fourth resistor R4, and the first pin of the optocoupler device E1 is connected to the second pin of the optocoupler device E1 through the fifth resistor R5. The fourth resistor R4 plays a current limiting role, and the fifth resistor R5 plays a role in improving the anti-interference ability of the light-emitting diode VD in the optocoupler device E1.

[0055] An embodiment of the present application further provides a layout method of an interface circuit on a printed circuit board. Figure 3 The following is a schematic diagram of the layout of the existing interface circuit on the printed circuit board. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the layout of an interface circuit on a printed circuit board provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0056] like Figure 4 As shown, the interface circuit provided by the present application is arranged on a printed circuit board, wherein the shaping unit 2 is arranged at a preset position within a preset distance range from the optical coupling device E1.

[0057] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the preset distance range is set to a range with a smaller value, that is, Figure 4 The wiring between the resistors and capacitors is short. Figure 4 The distance between each resistor and capacitor and the optocoupler device is relatively large. Figure 3 For smaller Figure 4 This configuration can optimize the layout of the interface circuit on the printed circuit board, reduce the loop, and improve the anti-interference capability of the interface circuit.

[0058] In summary, the present application provides an interface circuit, which optimizes the PCB layout and reduces the area occupied by the loop on the printed circuit board. The resistors and capacitors are placed close to the transistor VT2 to ensure that the loop between the base and the emitter of the transistor VT2 is minimized. The shaping circuit is placed close to the optocoupler to avoid interference caused by an excessively large loop.

[0059] The interface circuit of the present application receives rising edge, falling edge, positive pulse width, and negative pulse width, which all meet the design requirements (usually the smaller the rising edge and falling edge, the better, and the present application requires that the rising edge and falling edge are 1 / 10 of the pulse width). At the same time, the interface circuit is subjected to a limit test, and the circuit white box is tested when the current of the optocoupler device is amplified by 3 times and reduced by 3 times, which all meet the design requirements. After the connection between the third pin of the optocoupler device and the filter unit is artificially lengthened, the interface circuit is subjected to an anti-interference test, which can also meet the anti-interference performance requirements.

[0060] Based on the interface circuit provided in the above embodiment, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication module, which may be, for example, a 4G communication module, a 5G communication module or other types of communication modules. The specific type of the communication module is not limited herein.

[0061] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication module provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the communication module provided in this embodiment includes a control unit and an interface circuit provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0062] In the communication module, the control unit may be, for example, a microcontroller unit (MCU), and a signal transmitting end of the control unit is connected to a signal input end IN of the interface circuit, for sending a signal to be transmitted to the interface circuit, and when the interface circuit receives the signal to be transmitted, it outputs the signal through its signal output end OUT.

[0063] The present application also provides a communication device, the communication device includes the communication module provided in the above embodiment, and the communication device can use the communication module provided in the above embodiment to communicate with other communication devices. The communication device may include, for example, a switch, a router, and other devices, and the specific type of the communication device is not limited here.

[0064] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An interface circuit, characterized in that: include: Optocoupler device, filter unit, shaping unit, signal input terminal and signal output terminal; The first pin of the optocoupler is used to connect to a first preset power supply, the second pin of the optocoupler is connected to the signal input end, the third pin of the optocoupler is connected to the input end of the shaping unit through the filtering unit, and the fourth pin of the optocoupler is used to connect to a second preset power supply; The output end of the shaping unit is connected to the signal output end; The filtering unit comprises: a first resistor and a first capacitor; The fourth pin of the optocoupler device is connected to one end of the first resistor, the other end of the first resistor is grounded through the first capacitor, and the other end of the first resistor is also connected to the input end of the shaping unit.

2. The interface circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaping unit comprises: a second resistor, a third resistor, and a triode; The collector of the triode is the output end of the shaping unit, and is used to connect to the signal output end; the emitter of the triode is grounded; One end of the second resistor and one end of the third resistor are both connected to the filtering unit, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the base of the transistor, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to the emitter of the transistor.

3. The interface circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second resistor and the third resistor are both adjustable resistors, and control ends of the second resistor and the third resistor are both used to connect to a control unit.

4. The interface circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The interface circuit further includes: a second capacitor; The upper plate of the second capacitor is connected to the collector of the transistor, and the lower plate of the second capacitor is connected to the emitter of the transistor.

5. The interface circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interface circuit further includes: a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor; The first pin and the fourth pin of the optocoupler device are grounded through the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor respectively.

6. The interface circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interface circuit further includes: a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor; The second pin of the optocoupler device is connected to the signal input end through the fourth resistor, and the first pin of the optocoupler device is connected to the second pin of the optocoupler device through the fifth resistor.

7. The interface circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interface circuit is arranged on a printed circuit board, and the shaping unit is arranged at a preset position on the printed circuit board and the distance from the optical coupling device is within a preset distance range.

8. A communication module, characterized in that: The communication module comprises: a control unit, and an interface circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7; The signal transmitting end of the control unit is connected to the signal input end of the interface circuit.

9. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device comprises the communication module according to claim 8.

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