Contact network state monitoring system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of catenary compensation, in particular to a catenary state monitoring system, which comprises a monitoring software platform and a monitoring terminal arranged on a ratchet wheel, and the monitoring terminal comprises an MCU microprocessor, an attitude sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor. The MCU microprocessor collects and processes data of the attitude sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor, and transmits information to the monitoring software platform. The device is not influenced by strong light, is simple in installation and debugging, is not liable to be interfered, and does not cause false alarm.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of contact network compensation, in particular to a contact network state monitoring system. Background technology:

[0002] Electrified railways, characterized by high operating speeds and low energy consumption, are the preferred means of transportation for building a resource-saving and environmentally friendly society. The overhead catenary (OCT) is the transmission line overhead the railway line provides power to electric locomotives. Due to environmental influences, pantograph-catenary system failures are common. Simulation studies and railway operational experience have shown that maintaining relatively stable tension in the catenary and catenary cables improves the current collection efficiency of the catenary and enhances train stability. The catenary compensation device, through the constant weight of a weight, maintains constant tension in the catenary despite temperature fluctuations or external forces, minimizing pantograph-catenary failures. The operating condition of the catenary ratchet compensation device directly affects the dynamic characteristics and current collection quality of the pantograph and catenary. Compensation rope breakage or weight jamming are the main causes of catenary anchoring device failure. To address these issues, real-time monitoring of the position parameters of the weight string in the catenary anchoring device is necessary. The catenary compensation device's a value refers to the distance from the end of the catenary compensation wire to the bottom edge of the fixed pulley; the b value of the catenary compensation device refers to the distance from the bottom surface of the lowest weight to the ground. According to the "Catenary Operation and Maintenance Regulations" issued by the Ministry of Railways, the b value of the catenary compensation device must not be less than 200mm, so the b value of the catenary compensation device must be regularly tested.

[0003] The b-value of the contact network compensation device is usually manually tested several times a month. According to statistics, it takes about 300 minutes to measure the b-value of a contact network each month, which includes the time for entering and exiting the fence, the time for reaching the test point, and the measurement time. The test time is limited and the test takes a long time. It is impossible to monitor in real time 24 hours a day, and the measurement efficiency is low. When testing multiple locations, the time required increases exponentially, which requires a lot of time and manpower, and the workload is large.

[0004] To reduce labor and time, online monitoring systems have emerged. These use distance sensors such as laser rangefinders or ultrasonic rangefinders to measure the height of the weight above the ground to determine the a and b values. However, laser rangefinders are susceptible to strong light and perform poorly in bright environments. Furthermore, installation requires careful alignment and adjustment of the weight, making it cumbersome. Ultrasonic rangefinders operate within a sector-shaped area and are susceptible to interference, which can cause false alarms. Summary of the invention:

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a contact network status monitoring system, which is not affected by strong light, is simple to install and debug, is not easily disturbed, and thus will not cause false alarms.

[0006] The utility model is achieved in this way:

[0007] A contact network status monitoring system includes a monitoring software platform and a monitoring terminal arranged on a ratchet. The monitoring terminal includes an MCU microprocessor, a posture sensor, and a temperature and humidity sensor. The MCU microprocessor collects and processes data from the posture sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor, and transmits the information to the monitoring software platform.

[0008] In the above-mentioned contact network status monitoring system, the monitoring terminal also includes an outer shell and an inner shell arranged in the outer shell, a battery and a circuit board are arranged in the inner shell, the MCU microprocessor, attitude sensor and temperature and humidity sensor are arranged on the circuit board, solar panels are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the inner shell, and notches are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the outer shell to expose the solar panels. The two solar panels are connected in parallel and electrically connected to the battery.

[0009] In the above-mentioned contact network status monitoring system, the inner shell is provided with a mounting groove for mounting the solar panel, and the outer shell is pressed onto the edge of the solar panel.

[0010] In the above-mentioned contact network status monitoring system, the circuit board is further provided with a micro energy collection module and a positioning module.

[0011] In the above-mentioned contact network status monitoring system, the ratchet includes a hub, spokes and a rim, a pawl is provided on the outer periphery of the rim, the outer shell is arranged in the through hole of the spoke, and mounting plates are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the outer shell. The mounting plates are connected to the rim through fixing plates and fasteners, and the rim is clamped between the mounting plate and the fixing plate.

[0012] In the above-mentioned contact network status monitoring system, the structure of the fastener can be: the fastener is a bolt and a nut, the rod of the bolt passes through the mounting plate, the fixing plate and the nut in sequence, and a spring is provided between the mounting plate and the fixing plate and is sleeved on the rod of the bolt.

[0013] In the above-mentioned contact network status monitoring system, the structure of the fastener may also be: the fastener is a screw, and the rod of the screw passes through the mounting plate and is screwed to the fixing plate.

[0014] In the above-mentioned contact network status monitoring system, the material of the shell is metal, and the shell and the mounting plate are an integrated structure.

[0015] In the above-mentioned contact network status monitoring system, the outer shell includes a front outer shell and a rear outer shell, the inner shell includes a front inner shell and a rear inner shell, and a sealing ring is provided between the front inner shell and the rear inner shell.

[0016] In the above-mentioned contact network status monitoring system, the mounting plate is arranged on the rear housing.

[0017] In the above-mentioned contact network status monitoring system, the circuit board is arranged horizontally and located above the battery, and the length direction of the battery is arranged in the transverse direction.

[0018] In the above-mentioned contact network status monitoring system, the MCU microprocessor, attitude sensor, micro energy collection module and communication module are arranged on the top surface of the circuit board, and the temperature and humidity sensor is arranged on the bottom surface of the circuit board.

[0019] In the above-mentioned contact network status monitoring system, the monitoring software platform includes a data transceiver module, a data analysis and processing module, a data storage module, an alarm notification module, an equipment management module and a user management module. A communication module is provided on the circuit board, and information is transmitted between the MCU microprocessor and the data analysis and processing module through the data transceiver module and the communication module.

[0020] The above-mentioned contact network status monitoring system also includes a mobile management terminal.

[0021] In the aforementioned overhead line condition monitoring system, the system is divided into four layers: perception layer, network layer, data processing layer, and application layer. The perception layer consists of sensors installed in the line, including attitude sensors, positioning modules, and temperature and humidity sensors. The transmission layer provides wireless data access and command issuance services. The data processing layer includes services such as data transmission and reception, data storage, and data preprocessing. The application layer includes PC (computer) and mobile applications, primarily providing data display and alarm notification services.

[0022] In the above-mentioned overhead line status monitoring system, the monitoring system includes target management, user information management, map operation, target monitoring, alarm management and report statistics.

[0023] Target management includes monitoring terminal management and monitoring point management. Monitoring terminal management primarily involves adding, modifying, deleting, and searching for new terminals. Basic monitoring terminal information includes number, type, manufacturer, and registration date. Different terminal types have different attribute information, such as type, number, and network access time. Monitoring point management primarily involves adding, modifying, deleting, and searching for new monitoring points. Basic monitoring point information includes number, type, associated line, and registration date.

[0024] User information management includes user management, department management, role management, and permission management. User management primarily manages users of the monitoring system, including adding, modifying, deleting, and searching for users. Basic user information includes login name, password, name, department, contact information, status (unused, active), and network access time. User management encompasses the management of basic personnel information, the assignment of roles, and the binding of monitoring to overhead line compensation devices. Department management prioritizes user management and business consistency based on actual usage. Users are assigned to different departments, and specific functions include adding, modifying, deleting, and searching for departments. Basic department information includes department name, parent department, description, status (unused, active), and network access time. Role management facilitates the provision of different operational permissions for users. Users are assigned to different roles. When holding multiple roles, the maximum cumulative permissions of each role are used to minimize conflicting functions. Specific functions include adding, modifying, deleting, and searching for roles. Permission management primarily determines which modules and actions within modules a user can operate in the system. Specifically, the system can assign different permissions to different roles (contact network compensation device management permissions, monitoring terminal management permissions, alarm parameter setting permissions, map management permissions, personnel management permissions, department management permissions, role management permissions, operation management permissions, etc.).

[0025] Map operations mainly include the following functions: The location information of the target devices under jurisdiction is displayed as icons on the map: the information of all target devices can be selectively displayed on the map, including basic device information and monitoring information. The monitoring information of the target device is displayed in a floating window. Basic map operations: including common functions such as panning, zooming in, zooming out, distance measurement, and area measurement. Device track display: The track display can display the track according to a time period selected by the user, and can also be drawn in real time. The time period can be accurate to the minute. Add annotations: Users can add annotations with special functions to the map according to their own needs. The annotations are saved to the local database and automatically loaded the next time the software is started.

[0026] Target monitoring includes status monitoring, alarm monitoring and display control.

[0027] Status monitoring mainly includes overhead line compensation device monitoring and monitoring terminal monitoring. Among them, overhead line compensation device monitoring includes position monitoring, ratchet status monitoring, and environmental status monitoring. The monitoring contents are as follows: Overhead line compensation device position monitoring: including online, offline, satellite positioning status, and real-time position display. Overhead line compensation device status monitoring: including AB value, rotation amount, inclination, etc. Overhead line environmental status monitoring: including temperature, humidity, etc. Monitoring terminal monitoring includes voltage status monitoring, power status monitoring, and working status monitoring. The monitoring contents are as follows: Power status monitoring: including charging status and real-time power. Voltage status monitoring: including real-time voltage. Working status monitoring: including communication link status, positioning status, etc.

[0028] Alarm monitoring includes alarm monitoring of the catenary compensation device and the monitoring terminal, which is divided into level one, level two, and level three alarms. A level one alarm means that the deviation of the tilt angle and displacement is higher than the level one alarm setting value. The interface will turn red and a text message will be sent. A level two alarm means that the deviation of the tilt angle and displacement is higher than the level two alarm setting value, but lower than the level one alarm setting value; the battery power is lower than 5%, and the error between the working voltage and the set voltage exceeds 20%. The interface will turn orange and a text message will be sent. A level three alarm means that the deviation of the tilt angle and displacement is higher than the level three alarm setting value, but lower than the level two alarm setting value; the battery power is lower than 20%, and the error between the working voltage and the set voltage exceeds 5%. The interface will turn yellow and a text message will be sent.

[0029] Display control includes online time setting, whether to display offline targets, and selective display of targets on the map. Selective display of targets on the map means that you can selectively select overhead line compensation devices and monitoring equipment, and you can also combine multiple conditions to display them.

[0030] Alarm management includes alarm type management and alarm contact management. Alarm type management: Alarms include AB value exceeding the limit, jamming, icing, low voltage alarm, low battery alarm, and long-term disassembly and non-installation alarm according to event types. Alarms can be divided into level one alarm, level two alarm, and level three alarm according to emergency procedures. Level one alarm: The AB value of the contact network compensation device exceeds the level one alarm threshold, and the threshold can be set. Level two alarm: The AB value of the contact network compensation device exceeds the level one alarm threshold, and the threshold can be set. Level three alarm: The AB value of the contact network compensation device exceeds the level one alarm threshold, and the threshold can be set. For target alarms, the alarm type can be flexibly configured, that is, a certain type of alarm can be turned on or off. Alarm contact management: There can be multiple alarm contacts, which are set on the client, and the alarm targets that a contact can receive can be set.

[0031] Report statistics primarily include the following, displayed using bar charts and pie charts, and supported for export and printing to PDF and Excel: Catenary compensation device statistics: quantity statistics; monitoring equipment statistics: quantity statistics and status statistics; equipment online statistics; alarm statistics: level 1, level 2, and level 3 alarm statistics; and regional alarm statistics.

[0032] The outstanding advantages of the utility model compared with the prior art are:

[0033] 1. The utility model monitors the movement posture of the ratchet in real time through a posture sensor set on the ratchet. The MCU microprocessor calculates the actual changes in the a and b values. The temperature and humidity of the ratchet's surrounding environment are monitored in real time through a temperature and humidity sensor set on the ratchet. The MCU microprocessor transmits the information to the monitoring software platform. The monitoring software platform judges the state of the ratchet by comparing the actual changes in the a and b values ​​under the current temperature and humidity conditions with the theoretical changes in the a and b values. This eliminates the need for workers to conduct regular on-site inspections, reduces manpower and time, and greatly improves work efficiency. In addition, the posture sensor is not affected by strong light, is simple to install and debug, and is not easily disturbed, thereby preventing false alarms.

[0034] 2. The front and rear sides of the inner shell of the utility model are respectively provided with solar panels, and the front and rear sides of the outer shell are respectively provided with notches to expose the solar panels. The two solar panels are connected in parallel and electrically connected to the battery, ensuring that one solar panel faces the sun at all times, better charging the battery, ensuring battery power supply, rationally utilizing space, and having a small size.

[0035] 3. The shell of the utility model is arranged in the through hole of the spoke, and mounting plates are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the shell. The mounting plates are connected to the rim through fixing plates and fasteners. The rim clamp is arranged between the mounting plates and the fixing plates, which makes rational use of the through holes in the spoke itself, and the mounting structure is simple, easy to install, and firmly and reliably installed. Description of the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the monitoring terminal of the present utility model;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the monitoring terminal of the utility model;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a top view of the circuit board of the utility model;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a bottom view of the circuit board of the utility model;

[0041] Figure 6This is a circuit diagram of the micro energy harvesting module of the present utility model.

[0042] Figure numerals: 1, ratchet; 1a, hub; 1b, spoke; 1c, rim; 1d, pawl; 1e, through hole; 2, MCU microprocessor; 3, attitude sensor; 4, temperature and humidity sensor; 5, outer shell; 6, inner shell; 7, battery; 8, circuit board; 9, solar panel; 10, notch; 11, micro energy collection module; 12, mounting plate; 13, fixing plate; 14, sealing ring; 15, communication module. Specific implementation method:

[0043] The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments. Figure 1 —6:

[0044] A contact network status monitoring system includes a monitoring software platform and a monitoring terminal arranged on a ratchet 1. The monitoring terminal includes an MCU microprocessor 2, a posture sensor 3 and a temperature and humidity sensor 4. The MCU microprocessor 2 collects and processes data from the posture sensor 3 and the temperature and humidity sensor 4, and transmits the information to the monitoring software platform.

[0045] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: Figure 1-5 As shown, the posture sensor 3 set on the ratchet 1 collects the movement posture of the ratchet 1 in real time, including angle and acceleration data. The temperature and humidity sensor 4 collects the temperature and humidity data of the surrounding environment in real time. The MCU microprocessor 2 processes the collected angle and acceleration data, calculates the change in the a and b values, and compares them with the real-time temperature change to determine the forward, reverse, stuck and other states of the ratchet 1, and transmits the information to the monitoring software platform.

[0046] Real-time calculation process of a and b values:

[0047] 1. After installing the terminal on the ratchet, initialize the angle sensor, set the current state to 0 degrees of the angle sensor, and set the angle range to -180 degrees to 180 degrees;

[0048] 2. Measure the current a1 and b1 values ​​and the ratchet diameter R, record them, and store them in the terminal's memory.

[0049] 3. The terminal regularly collects the sensor's angle data θ1, θ2, θ3, θ4...θ n .

[0050] 4. By judging θ n- θ n-1 The value is used to determine whether the ratchet rotates clockwise or counterclockwise. The system defaults to θ n- θ n-1 If the value is positive, it is considered to be clockwise rotation;n- θ n-1 A negative value is considered to be counterclockwise rotation.

[0051] 5. The rotation angle of ratchet 1 is θ n- θ n-1 , so the rotation distance L of ratchet 1 can be calculated n for:

[0052]

[0053] 6. The cumulative rotation distance of ratchet 1 is L sum For L sum＝ L1+L2+L3+L … +L n .

[0054] 7. Since the change in a value is equal to the cumulative rotation distance L of ratchet 1, and the change in b value is equal to -L, the current real-time a n Value and b n The value is: a n =a1+L sum , b n =b1-L sum .

[0055] Determining the stuck state of ratchet 1: Due to thermal expansion and contraction, temperature has a significant impact on the changes in the a and b values. Contact wires are mostly made of copper alloy. Temperature fluctuations in the environment cause the contact wire to expand and contract, resulting in changes in tension. The formula for calculating the change in contact wire length with temperature is: ΔL = L*a*ΔT, where L is the contact wire length, with a maximum of approximately 750m; ΔT is the temperature change, with a maximum of approximately 80°C; and α is the expansion coefficient of the copper alloy, approximately 0.0000171 (m / m°C). Therefore, assuming a contact wire length of 1km, a 1°C temperature change results in a 17.1mm change in contact wire length. The change in contact wire length, ΔL, is the change in a and b values. By collecting real-time temperature sensor data, the temperature change is compared with the change in a and b values. If the a and b values ​​remain unchanged for a period of time and the temperature changes significantly, ratchet 1 is considered stuck.

[0056] Catenary icing determination: The contact line changes with ambient temperature in the same manner as above. Real-time temperature sensor data is collected and compared with the temperature change and the changes in the a and b values. If the change in the a and b values ​​is significantly greater than the temperature's influence on the a and b values, and the current ambient temperature is below zero and the humidity is high, meeting the conditions for icing, the ratchet is suspected of being iced.

[0057] Determining if a and b values ​​exceed the limit: The "Catechnical Line Operation and Maintenance Regulations" issued by the Ministry of Railways stipulate that the minimum a and b values ​​for compensators must be no less than 200 mm. When designing catenary systems, these values ​​must be no less than 300 mm. Therefore, monitoring and early warning can be performed based on the calculated real-time a and b values. If the a and b values ​​are less than 300 mm, a warning notification is issued; if the a and b values ​​are less than 200 mm, an alarm notification is issued.

[0058] The monitoring terminal of the utility model can realize the collection of ratchet status data and environmental status data; the monitoring software platform realizes functions such as data aggregation, data preprocessing, protocol conversion, data storage, data analysis, data display, monitoring and early warning, information notification, and terminal configuration.

[0059] Furthermore, it also includes a mobile management terminal, which enables users and maintenance personnel to view and process data in real time on the spot.

[0060] The monitoring software platform analyzes the relationship between ratchet state data and environmental data and proposes a ratchet state model. By comparing temperature and humidity, the theoretical changes in a and b values ​​can be obtained.

[0061] The utility model monitors the movement posture of the ratchet 1 in real time through the posture sensor 3 arranged on the ratchet 1, the MCU microprocessor 2 calculates the actual changes in the a and b values, and monitors the temperature and humidity of the surrounding environment of the ratchet 1 in real time through the temperature and humidity sensor 4 arranged on the ratchet 1. The MCU microprocessor 2 transmits the information to the monitoring software platform, and the monitoring software platform judges the state of the ratchet 1 by comparing the actual changes in the a and b values ​​under the current temperature and humidity conditions with the theoretical changes in the a and b values, thereby eliminating the need for workers to conduct regular on-site inspections, reducing manpower and time, and greatly improving work efficiency. In addition, the posture sensor 3 is not affected by strong light, is simple to install and debug, and is not easily interfered with, thereby not causing false alarms.

[0062] The specific structure of the monitoring terminal: Figure 1 、 2 As shown, the monitoring terminal further includes an outer shell 5 and an inner shell 6 disposed within the outer shell 5. A battery 7 and a circuit board 8 are disposed within the inner shell 6. The MCU microprocessor 2, attitude sensor 3, and temperature and humidity sensor 4 are disposed on the circuit board 8. Solar panels 9 are disposed on the front and rear sides of the inner shell 6, respectively. Notches 10 for exposing the solar panels 9 are disposed on the front and rear sides of the outer shell 5, respectively. Two solar panels 9 are connected in parallel and electrically connected to the battery 7, ensuring that one solar panel 9 faces the sun at all times, thereby better charging the battery 7 and ensuring power supply to the battery 7. This makes rational use of space and is compact.

[0063] The installation structure of solar panel 9: Figure 1 、 2As shown, the inner shell 6 is provided with a mounting groove for mounting the solar panel 9, and the outer shell 5 is pressed onto the edge of the solar panel 9, so that the mounting structure is simple and convenient.

[0064] Furthermore, the circuit board 8 is also provided with a micro energy collection module 11 and a positioning module. The micro energy collection module 11 collects the mechanical energy generated by the rotation of the ratchet based on the piezoelectric principle and converts it into electrical energy to power the battery, further improving the terminal's self-power supply capability and alleviating the impact of continuous rainy weather. The circuit diagram of the micro energy collection module 11 is shown in Figure 6 The positioning module provides satellite time and longitude and latitude information of the monitoring terminal. The Beidou module is a type of positioning module.

[0065] Monitoring terminal installation structure: such as Figure 1 、 2 As shown, the ratchet 1 comprises a hub 1a, spokes 1b, and a rim 1c. The rim 1c is provided with a pawl 1d on its outer periphery. The housing 5 is disposed within a through-hole 1e in the spoke 1b. Mounting plates 12 are provided at each end of the housing 5. Mounting plates 12 are connected to the rim 1c via a fixing plate 13 and fasteners. The rim 1c is sandwiched between the mounting plates 12 and the fixing plates 13. The through-holes 1e in the spokes 1b are utilized rationally, and the mounting structure is simple, easy to install, and secure.

[0066] Structure of the fastener: The fastener is a bolt and a nut. The rod of the bolt passes through the mounting plate 12 and the fixing plate 13 in sequence and is screwed to the nut. A spring is provided between the mounting plate 12 and the fixing plate 13 and is sleeved on the rod of the bolt.

[0067] In order to increase the strength of the housing 5 and the mounting plate 12 and reduce the number of assembly steps, the housing 5 is made of metal, and the housing 5 and the mounting plate 12 are an integrated structure.

[0068] The structure of the outer shell 5 and the inner shell 6: the outer shell 5 includes a front outer shell and a rear outer shell, and the inner shell 6 includes a front inner shell and a rear inner shell. A sealing ring 14 is provided between the front inner shell and the rear inner shell to effectively prevent water from entering.

[0069] Furthermore, the mounting plate 12 is provided on the rear housing.

[0070] In this embodiment, the front-to-back direction is the longitudinal direction, the left-to-right direction is the transverse direction, and the up-down direction is the vertical direction.

[0071] Furthermore, the circuit board 8 is arranged horizontally and is located above the battery 7. The length direction of the battery 7 is arranged in the transverse direction, and the structure is compact and the volume is small.

[0072] The utility model integrates the attitude sensor 3, the temperature and humidity sensor 4, the micro energy collection module 11, the positioning module and the communication module 15 into the circuit board 8, and the solar panels 9 are arranged on the front and rear sides of the inner shell 6, that is, the measurement, power supply and communication adopt an integrated structure, which is compact and easy to install.

[0073] The installation structure of MCU microprocessor 2, attitude sensor 3, micro energy collection module 11, communication module 15 and temperature and humidity sensor 4 is as follows: Figure 4 、 5 As shown, the MCU microprocessor 2, attitude sensor 3, micro energy collection module 11 and communication module 15 are arranged on the top surface of the circuit board 8, and the temperature and humidity sensor 4 is arranged on the bottom surface of the circuit board 8.

[0074] Furthermore, the MCU microprocessor 2 adopts an STM32F103RCT6 model microprocessor, and the solar panel 9 adopts a 5V single crystal silicon solar panel.

[0075] Furthermore, the attitude sensor 3 utilizes the Witt Intelligent JY61P sensor. The module integrates a high-precision gyroscope and accelerometer, employs a high-performance microprocessor, and utilizes advanced dynamics solver and Kalman dynamic filtering algorithms to rapidly determine the module's current real-time motion attitude. Advanced digital filtering technology effectively reduces measurement noise and improves accuracy. The module's integrated attitude solver, combined with a dynamic Kalman filtering algorithm, accurately outputs the module's current attitude in dynamic environments, achieving an attitude measurement accuracy of 0.2 degrees and exceptional stability, surpassing even some professional inclinometers. The module incorporates internal voltage stabilization circuitry, operating at 3.3V to 5V. Its pin levels are compatible with 3.3V / 5V embedded systems for easy connection. It supports both serial and IC digital interfaces, allowing users to easily select the optimal connection method. The serial port rate is adjustable from 4800bps to 230400bps, while the IIC interface supports full-speed 400Kbps. The module boasts a maximum data output rate of 200Hz, with selectable output content and an adjustable output rate from 0.2Hz to 200Hz.

[0076] Furthermore, the temperature and humidity sensor 4 uses an SHT30 temperature and humidity sensor, which can measure temperature and humidity. The module has an internal voltage stabilization circuit, an operating voltage of 3.3V to 5V, and pin levels compatible with 3.3V / 5V embedded systems, making it easy to connect. It supports two digital interfaces: serial port and IIC. IIC is a direct connection chip, allowing users to easily choose the optimal development connection method. It has a maximum data output rate of 10Hz and an adjustable output rate of 0.1 to 10Hz. The measurement range is -40 to 125 degrees Celsius, with a measurement accuracy of ±0.3°C. It operates in two modes: serial port mode and sensor direct connection mode.

[0077] Furthermore, the micro-energy harvesting module 11 consists of a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, an LTC3588-1 chip, and peripheral circuitry. Piezoelectric ceramics have an electromechanical coupling coefficient of up to 0.313 to 0.694, making them easy to process and select polarization directions. PZT ceramics have been widely used in energy transfer, and PZT-5, with its high resistivity, high-voltage power constant, and high electromechanical coupling coefficient, is suitable for dynamic energy transfer components. The LTC3588-1 integrates a low-loss, full-wave bridge rectifier and a high-efficiency buck converter. This chip enables researchers to harness vibration energy from piezoelectric materials in devices or environments. By processing the low-loss, full-wave bridge rectifier and high-efficiency buck converter, vibration energy is converted into a well-regulated output for microprocessors, sensors, and wireless power consumption. Pulse loads can reach up to 100mA of continuous output current, or even higher. The output voltage can be set to 1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V, or 3.6V, depending on requirements. When the output is unloaded, the quiescent current is only 950nA. The overall efficiency embodies the above characteristics to the maximum extent.

[0078] Furthermore, the monitoring software platform includes a data transceiver module, a data analysis and processing module, a data storage module, an alarm notification module, a device management module and a user management module. A communication module 15 is provided on the circuit board 8. Information is transmitted between the MCU microprocessor 2 and the data analysis and processing module through the data transceiver module and the communication module 15. The communication module 15 is responsible for sending and receiving data and instructions of the microprocessor in real time, and the data transceiver module is responsible for sending and receiving data and instructions of the monitoring software platform in real time.

[0079] Furthermore, the communication module 15 adopts the Quectel EC800 system communication module, and the positioning module adopts the EC800 series communication module with built-in positioning function.

[0080] The monitoring system is divided into four layers: the perception layer, the network layer, the data processing layer, and the application layer. The perception layer consists of sensors installed in the circuits, including a posture sensor 3, a positioning module, and a temperature and humidity sensor 4. The transmission layer provides wireless data access and command issuance services. The data processing layer includes services such as data transmission and reception, data storage, and data preprocessing. The application layer includes PC (computer) and mobile applications, primarily providing data display and alarm notification services.

[0081] Furthermore, the monitoring system includes target management, user information management, map operation, target monitoring, alarm management and report statistics.

[0082] Target management includes monitoring terminal management and monitoring point management. Monitoring terminal management primarily involves adding, modifying, deleting, and searching for new terminals. Basic monitoring terminal information includes number, type, manufacturer, and registration date. Different terminal types have different attribute information, such as type, number, and network access time. Monitoring point management primarily involves adding, modifying, deleting, and searching for new monitoring points. Basic monitoring point information includes number, type, associated line, and registration date.

[0083] User information management includes user management, department management, role management, and permission management. User management primarily manages users of the monitoring system, including adding, modifying, deleting, and searching for users. Basic user information includes login name, password, name, department, contact information, status (unused, active), and network access time. User management encompasses the management of basic personnel information, the assignment of roles, and the binding of monitoring to overhead line compensation devices. Department management prioritizes user management and business consistency based on actual usage. Users are assigned to different departments, and specific functions include adding, modifying, deleting, and searching for departments. Basic department information includes department name, parent department, description, status (unused, active), and network access time. Role management facilitates the provision of different operational permissions for users. Users are assigned to different roles. When holding multiple roles, the maximum cumulative permissions of each role are used to minimize conflicting functions. Specific functions include adding, modifying, deleting, and searching for roles. Permission management primarily determines which modules and actions within modules a user can operate in the system. Specifically, the system can assign different permissions to different roles (contact network compensation device management permissions, monitoring terminal management permissions, alarm parameter setting permissions, map management permissions, personnel management permissions, department management permissions, role management permissions, operation management permissions, etc.).

[0084] Map operations mainly include the following functions: The location information of the target devices under jurisdiction is displayed as icons on the map: the information of all target devices can be selectively displayed on the map, including basic device information and monitoring information. The monitoring information of the target device is displayed in a floating window. Basic map operations: including common functions such as panning, zooming in, zooming out, distance measurement, and area measurement. Device track display: The track display can display the track according to a time period selected by the user, and can also be drawn in real time. The time period can be accurate to the minute. Add annotations: Users can add annotations with special functions to the map according to their own needs. The annotations are saved to the local database and automatically loaded the next time the software is started.

[0085] Target monitoring includes status monitoring, alarm monitoring and display control.

[0086] Status monitoring mainly includes overhead line compensation device monitoring and monitoring terminal monitoring. Among them, overhead line compensation device monitoring includes position monitoring, ratchet status monitoring, and environmental status monitoring. The monitoring contents are as follows: Overhead line compensation device position monitoring: including online, offline, satellite positioning status, and real-time position display. Overhead line compensation device status monitoring: including AB value, rotation amount, inclination, etc. Overhead line environmental status monitoring: including temperature, humidity, etc. Monitoring terminal monitoring includes voltage status monitoring, power status monitoring, and working status monitoring. The monitoring contents are as follows: Power status monitoring: including charging status and real-time power. Voltage status monitoring: including real-time voltage. Working status monitoring: including communication link status, positioning status, etc.

[0087] Alarm monitoring includes alarm monitoring of the catenary compensation device and the monitoring terminal, which is divided into level one, level two, and level three alarms. A level one alarm means that the deviation of the tilt angle and displacement is higher than the level one alarm setting value. The interface will turn red and a text message will be sent. A level two alarm means that the deviation of the tilt angle and displacement is higher than the level two alarm setting value, but lower than the level one alarm setting value; the battery power is lower than 5%, and the error between the working voltage and the set voltage exceeds 20%. The interface will turn orange and a text message will be sent. A level three alarm means that the deviation of the tilt angle and displacement is higher than the level three alarm setting value, but lower than the level two alarm setting value; the battery power is lower than 20%, and the error between the working voltage and the set voltage exceeds 5%. The interface will turn yellow and a text message will be sent.

[0088] Display control includes online time setting, whether to display offline targets, and selective display of targets on the map. Selective display of targets on the map means that you can selectively select overhead line compensation devices and monitoring equipment, and you can also display multiple conditions in combination.

[0089] Alarm management includes alarm type management and alarm contact management. Alarm type management: Alarms include AB value exceeding the limit, jamming, icing, low voltage alarm, low battery alarm, and long-term disassembly and non-installation alarm according to event types. Alarms can be divided into level one alarm, level two alarm, and level three alarm according to emergency procedures. Level one alarm: The AB value of the contact network compensation device exceeds the level one alarm threshold, and the threshold can be set. Level two alarm: The AB value of the contact network compensation device exceeds the level one alarm threshold, and the threshold can be set. Level three alarm: The AB value of the contact network compensation device exceeds the level one alarm threshold, and the threshold can be set. For target alarms, the alarm type can be flexibly configured, that is, a certain type of alarm can be turned on or off. Alarm contact management: There can be multiple alarm contacts, which are set on the client, and the alarm targets that a contact can receive can be set.

[0090] Report statistics primarily include the following, displayed using bar charts and pie charts, and supported for export and printing to PDF and Excel: Catenary compensation device statistics: quantity statistics; monitoring equipment statistics: quantity statistics and status statistics; equipment online statistics; alarm statistics: level 1, level 2, and level 3 alarm statistics; and regional alarm statistics.

[0091] The above embodiment is only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the shape, structure, and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A contact network status monitoring system, characterized in that: It comprises a monitoring software platform and a monitoring terminal arranged on a ratchet (1); the monitoring terminal comprises an MCU microprocessor (2), a posture sensor (3) and a temperature and humidity sensor (4); the MCU microprocessor (2) collects data from the posture sensor (3) and the temperature and humidity sensor (4), processes the data, and transmits the information to the monitoring software platform.

2. A contact network status monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring terminal further comprises an outer shell (5) and an inner shell (6) arranged inside the outer shell (5); a battery (7) and a circuit board (8) are arranged inside the inner shell (6); the MCU microprocessor (2), the attitude sensor (3) and the temperature and humidity sensor (4) are arranged on the circuit board (8); solar panels (9) are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the inner shell (6); notches (10) for exposing the solar panels (9) are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the outer shell (5); and the two solar panels (9) are electrically connected to the battery (7) after being connected in parallel.

3. A contact network status monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circuit board (8) is also provided with a micro energy collection module (11) and a positioning module.

4. A contact network status monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratchet (1) comprises a hub (1a), a spoke (1b) and a rim (1c); a ratchet (1d) is provided on the outer periphery of the rim (1c); the outer shell (5) is arranged in a through hole (1e) of the spoke (1b); mounting plates (12) are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the outer shell (5); the mounting plates (12) are connected to the rim (1c) via a fixing plate (13) and a fastener; and the rim (1c) is clamped between the mounting plate (12) and the fixing plate (13).

5. A contact network status monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material of the shell (5) is metal, and the shell (5) and the mounting plate (12) are an integrated structure.

6. A contact network status monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer shell (5) comprises a front outer shell and a rear outer shell, the inner shell (6) comprises a front inner shell and a rear inner shell, and a sealing ring (14) is provided between the front inner shell and the rear inner shell.

7. A contact network status monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circuit board (8) is arranged horizontally and is located above the battery (7), and the length direction of the battery (7) is arranged in the transverse direction.

8. A contact network status monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring software platform comprises a data transceiver module, a data analysis and processing module, a data storage module, an alarm notification module, a device management module and a user management module. The circuit board (8) is provided with a communication module (15). Information transmission is achieved between the MCU microprocessor (2) and the data analysis and processing module via the data transceiver module and the communication module (15).

9. A contact network status monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a mobile management terminal.

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