Pneumatic red date picking device

Abstract

The utility model provides a pneumatic type red date picking device. The pneumatic type red date picking device comprises a sweeping disc, a motor, a connecting rod, a positive pressure blowing opening, a draught fan, a rack, a walking mechanism, a negative pressure suction opening, an air suction settling chamber, a cleaning mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a red date collecting box. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the motor, the other end of the connecting rod is rotationally connected to the rack, the positive pressure blowing opening is formed in a wind power output opening of the fan, the walking mechanism is rotationally connected to the rack, the conveying mechanism used for conveying fruits to the fruit collecting box is fixedly installed on the rack, and the negative pressure suction opening is formed in a wind power suction opening of the fan. An air suction settling chamber is arranged between the negative pressure suction port and the fan, and a cleaning mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the air suction settling chamber. The fan exhausts air to form negative pressure at the negative pressure suction port, the fan blows out airflow at the positive pressure blowing port, an initial speed is given to red dates to enhance the picking effect, the red date picking rate is increased, a large amount of manual labor is saved, the labor cost is reduced, and the picking efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field, in particular to a pneumatic red date picking device. Background Art

[0002] Due to Xinjiang's unique climate, the red dates produced here are rich in vitamins and amino acids, have high nutritional value, rich taste, and are in great demand in the market. Xinjiang is the main production area of ​​red dates in China. In recent years, the production of red dates in Xinjiang has been increasing and has always been in the first place. my country's red date production accounts for 99% of the world's total production. Xinjiang's red date planting area and production currently rank first in the country. The soil in Xinjiang is sandy, with a large temperature difference between day and night. The annual average total solar radiation is 13,000 to 14,100 kcal / m 2 , with long sunshine hours, 2855-2967 hours of sunshine per year, and a frost-free period of 205-219 days. The superior and good natural environment makes the red dates planted in Xinjiang firm and full, with rich flesh and thin skin, and sweet taste. In recent years, the area of ​​red date planting has continued to grow and has slightly declined. With the advancement of science and technology, the red date planting technology and pest control methods have been improved, and the annual output of red dates has increased year by year. During the red date harvest period, bamboo poles are usually used to knock on the date trees to make the red dates fall off, and then they are picked up manually. With the rapid development of Xinjiang's red date industry, the traditional picking method can no longer meet the needs of reducing labor intensity, improving picking speed and quality, and high efficiency. In addition, during the red date harvest period, 30% to 50% of the red dates fall to the ground naturally. The entire red date harvest process is labor-intensive, with low operating efficiency and high harvesting costs. In addition, the ordinary mechanical harvesting has a high fruit injury rate.

[0003] In the production process of red dates, the harvesting of red dates is a crucial task, which is characterized by strong seasonality and high labor intensity. In order to increase the nutritional content of red dates and improve the quality of dried red dates, the red dates are naturally matured on the date tree to form "semi-dried dates". At this time, the connection force of the red date stalk becomes smaller and it is very easy to fall off under the disturbance of the external environment. At present, the red dates that fall to the ground are mainly picked up manually. Not only is the harvesting efficiency low and the cycle long, but the labor and operation costs account for about 50% of the entire red date production process, which is difficult to meet the needs of the rapid development of the red date industry. At present, the harvesting method of Xinjiang red dates mainly adopts semi-mechanized manual knocking and mechanical vibration followed by manual picking. This method is inefficient and costly, which seriously restricts the rapid development of Xinjiang's red date industry.

[0004] The planting mode of Xinjiang red dates is mainly based on wide row dwarfing and dense planting. This planting method has become the mainstream trend and is particularly suitable for mechanized operation of red date harvesting. Therefore, the development prospects of red date picking machinery and equipment are very broad. With the continuous development of my country's economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, higher requirements are put forward for the quality of agricultural products. In recent years, how to improve the efficiency of picking red dates has become a research field that has attracted much attention. Based on the analysis of the working principle and structural characteristics of existing picking machinery, a new and efficient design scheme for date tree picking machine is proposed. At present, there are three types of picking equipment in practical application, namely mechanical picking device, air-blowing picking device and air-suction picking device. In the process of picking, the mechanical picking device has a large damage to the red date epidermis due to the direct contact between the rigid parts and the red dates, which affects the quality of the red dates; when using the air-blowing picking device, it is necessary to collect the fallen red dates in advance, which has a high labor cost; the air-suction picking device has a high impurity rate during the picking process, and the fan is severely damaged during the operation of the device, and the device cannot guarantee the normal operation of the device for a long time.

[0005] For example, Sun Mingyi and Ma Shaohui published the "Self-propelled Red Date Picking Machine Device" in the 38th issue of "Agricultural Mechanization Research" in 2016, pages 143-147. The device includes a power device, a traveling device, a fan, a separation device and a cleaning device. It is powered by a diesel engine and transported to the traveling device, the fan and other components through a transmission mechanism. One person is required to assist in the operation when the machine is turned on. The red dates and impurities in the suction pipe enter the separation chamber and fall by gravity to two different filter screens that are staggered and symmetrically installed up and down for screening and separation. The screening rate reaches 85.4%. The machine has a simple structure, good stability, convenient operation, and the separation and cleaning device does not require additional power, which can significantly improve the production efficiency of the air-suction red date picking harvester. Yuan Panpan, Li Saifei, Han Changjie, Zhang Jing, and Xu Yang published the article "Sweeping-air suction red dates picking machine" in the Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, Issue 42, pp. 28-33, in 2021. The article solves the problem that pneumatic red dates need to be gathered before picking, and manual assistance is required to move the suction pipe, which results in high labor intensity and low efficiency. During the field performance test, the picking efficiency reached 0.29hm when the speed was controlled at 1.5km / h. 2 / h, the clean picking rate reached 96.5%. Zhang Yaou, Kan Za, Li Chengsong, Fu Wei, Wang Lihong, Li Linlin. "The matching picking device of the self-propelled dwarf densely planted red dates harvester" published in "Agricultural Mechanization Research" No. 38, pp. 71-75 in 2016, makes the fruit picking rod rotate and insert into the soil, and picks up the fallen red dates to the conveyor. The clean picking rate is 97.24% and the damage rate is 6.10%. However, the device requires the fruit picking rod to have sufficient strength and reasonable structure, and can better withstand a certain degree of impact force.

[0006] The existing technology still has some shortcomings in actual use:

[0007] When picking up fallen red dates, they need to be manually sorted into strips first, which is labor-intensive, has high labor costs and low efficiency.

[0008] Therefore, a redesign is urgently needed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0009] The utility model aims to provide a pneumatic red date picking device to solve the problems of high damage rate and more impurities in the red dates collected in the prior art.

[0010] The utility model provides a pneumatic red date picking device, comprising a cleaning disc, a motor, a connecting rod, a positive pressure blowing port, a fan, a power source, a frame, a walking mechanism, a negative pressure suction port, an air suction settling chamber, a cleaning mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a fruit collecting box; the cleaning disc is rotatably connected to the frame, the motor provides power for the cleaning disc, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the motor, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the frame, the positive pressure blowing port is arranged at the wind output port of the fan, the fan is fixedly installed on the frame, the power source is fixedly connected to the frame, the walking mechanism that enables the entire device to move is rotatably connected to the frame, the conveying mechanism for transporting fruits to the fruit collecting box is fixedly installed on the frame, the negative pressure suction port is arranged at the wind suction port of the fan, an air suction settling chamber is arranged between the negative pressure suction port and the fan, and the cleaning mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the air suction settling chamber.

[0011] Optionally, the cleaning disc includes a telescopic rod and a disc brush; one end of the telescopic rod is universally hinged to the frame, the other end of the telescopic rod is slidably connected to the connecting rod, and the disc brush is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor that provides power for it.

[0012] Optionally, the connecting rod includes an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod and an adjusting bolt for adjusting the length of the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod; the adjusting bolt is arranged on the rod body of the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod.

[0013] Optionally, the conveying mechanism is specifically a auger.

[0014] Optionally, the cleaning mechanism is a screen, and the size of the mesh on the screen is smaller than the size of the fruit and larger than the size of the impurities.

[0015] Optionally, the power source is a diesel engine, the output structure of the diesel engine is a pulley, the pulley drives the pulley of the walking mechanism to rotate through a belt, and the pulley drives the roller shaft of the conveying mechanism to rotate through another belt.

[0016] Optionally, the walking device includes wheels and tires, the wheels are rotatably connected to the frame, and the tires are sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the wheels.

[0017] Optionally, the device also includes a positive-pressure blowpipe and a negative-pressure suction pipe, the positive-pressure blow port is connected to the wind output port of the fan through the positive-pressure blowpipe, the negative-pressure suction port is connected to the wind suction port of the fan through the negative-pressure suction pipe, and the positive-pressure blowpipe and the negative-pressure suction pipe are respectively connected to the wind output port and wind suction port of the same fan through flanges.

[0018] Optionally, the device further comprises a contour-profiling mechanism, which is arranged at the bottom of the frame and floats up and down following the terrain.

[0019] Optionally, the profiling mechanism includes a profiling wheel and an elastic member, one end of the elastic member is fixed to the frame, and the profiling wheel is rotatably connected to the other end of the elastic member.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the fan exhausts air to form negative pressure at the negative pressure suction port, and the fan blows out airflow at the positive pressure blowing port, giving the red dates an initial velocity to enhance the picking effect and improve the picking rate of the red dates; at the same time, the cleaning disc rotates, which expands the operating width of the whole machine, and gathers the red dates scattered on the ground into strips, and cleans and gathers the fallen red dates distributed everywhere into strips, which is convenient for the air suction port to uniformly and centrally suck up the red dates, saving a lot of manual labor, reducing labor costs, and improving the picking efficiency; after the red dates enter the air suction settling chamber, they fall naturally by gravity, and in the air suction settling chamber, the red dates fall on the cleaning mechanism, and then are transported to the fruit collecting box through the conveying mechanism to complete the picking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the overall structure of this scheme;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the overall structure of this scheme;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the profiling mechanism.

[0027] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. cleaning disc; 101. telescopic rod; 102. disc brush; 103. upper connecting rod; 104. lower connecting rod; 2. positive pressure blowing port; 3. frame; 4. walking mechanism; 5. negative pressure suction port; 6. air suction settling chamber; 7. fruit collecting box; 8. diesel engine; 9. pulley; 10. auger; 12. wheel; 1201. tire; 13. contoured wheel; 14. elastic member; 15. positive pressure suction pipe; 16. negative pressure suction pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. It is understandable that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the utility model, rather than to limit the utility model. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the utility model rather than all structures are shown in the drawings. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0029] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0030] A pneumatic red date picking device, such as Figure 1-4As shown, it includes: a cleaning disc 1, a motor, a connecting rod, a positive pressure blowing port 2, a fan, a power source, a frame 3, a walking mechanism 4, a negative pressure suction port 5, an air suction and settling chamber 6, a cleaning mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a fruit collecting box 7; the cleaning disc 1 is rotatably connected to the frame 3, the cleaning disc 1 is a disc-shaped structure, the motor provides power for the cleaning disc 1, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the motor, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the frame 3, the positive pressure blowing port 2 is arranged at the wind output port of the fan, the positive pressure blowing port 2 applies the wind output of the fan to the working surface, the fan is fixedly installed on the frame 3, the power source provides power for the walking mechanism 4 and the conveying mechanism, the power source is fixedly connected to the frame 3, so that the walking mechanism 4 that moves the entire device is rotatably connected to the frame 3, the walking mechanism 4 stably supports the entire device to maintain balance, and the conveying mechanism used to transport fruits to the fruit collecting box 7 is fixedly installed on the frame 3, and the negative pressure suction port 5 is set At the wind suction inlet of the fan, an air suction settling chamber 6 is arranged between the negative pressure suction port 5 and the fan, and a cleaning mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the air suction settling chamber 6. The red dates sink to the bottom of the air suction settling chamber 6 and enter the conveying mechanism after passing through the cleaning mechanism; the fan exhausts air to form a negative pressure at the negative pressure suction port 5, and the fan blows out an air flow at the positive pressure blowing port 2, giving the red dates an initial velocity to enhance the picking effect and improve the picking rate of the red dates; at the same time, the cleaning disc 1 rotates, expanding the operating width of the whole machine, and gathers the red dates scattered on the ground into strips, and cleans and gathers the fallen red dates distributed everywhere into strips, which is convenient for the air suction port to uniformly and centrally suck up the red dates, saving a lot of manual labor, reducing labor costs, and improving the picking efficiency; after entering the air suction settling chamber 6, the red dates fall naturally by gravity, and in the air suction settling chamber 6, the red dates fall on the cleaning mechanism, and then are transmitted to the fruit collecting box 7 through the conveying mechanism to complete the picking.

[0031] Among them, the cleaning disc 1 includes a telescopic rod 101 and a disc brush 102; the specific form of the telescopic rod 101 is a hydraulic rod, one end of the telescopic rod 101 is universally hinged to the frame 3, the other end of the telescopic rod 101 is slidably connected to the connecting rod, and the disc brush 102 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor that provides power for it. The telescopic rod 101 allows the cleaning disc 1 to swing in the left and right directions relative to the frame 3, thereby changing the operating width of the cleaning disc 1, improving the flexibility of the use of the device and enhancing the versatility of the device.

[0032] Among them, the connecting rod includes an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod 104 and an adjusting bolt for adjusting the length of the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod 104; the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod 104 are both slender rods and are arranged in parallel, and an adjusting bolt is arranged on the rod body of the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod 104, and the axis of the adjusting bolt is parallel to the axis of the rod body; the adjusting bolt is turned to adjust the length of the upper connecting rod or the lower connecting rod 104, thereby adjusting the position of the cleaning disc 1 relative to the frame 3 in the up and down direction.

[0033] Among them, the conveying mechanism is specifically an auger 10, which includes a flexible conveyor belt, a scraper and multiple rollers. The multiple rollers are arranged in parallel, the bottom roller is arranged at the bottom outlet of the air suction sedimentation chamber 6, and the top roller is arranged above the fruit collecting box 7. The flexible belt is sleeved on the outside of the roller, and the outer surface of the flexible conveyor belt is fixedly connected to multiple scrapers. The multiple scrapers are arranged in parallel, and the scrapers are perpendicular to the surface of the flexible belt.

[0034] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism is a screen, and the size of the mesh on the screen is smaller than the size of the fruit and larger than the size of the impurities.

[0035] Preferably, the power source is a diesel engine 8, and the output structure of the diesel engine 8 is a pulley 9. The pulley 9 drives the pulley 9 of the walking mechanism 4 to rotate through a belt, thereby providing power for it. The pulley 9 drives the roller shaft of the conveying mechanism to rotate through another belt, thereby providing power for it.

[0036] The traveling device includes a wheel 12 and a tire 1201 . The wheel 12 is rotatably connected to the frame 3 , and the tire 1201 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the wheel 12 .

[0037] Furthermore, the device also includes a positive-pressure blowpipe and a negative-pressure suction pipe 16, both of which are flexible pipes. The positive-pressure blowpipe 2 is connected to the wind output port of the fan through the positive-pressure blowpipe, and the negative-pressure suction port 5 is connected to the wind suction port of the fan through the negative-pressure suction pipe 16. The positive-pressure blowpipe and the negative-pressure suction pipe 16 are respectively connected to the wind output port and wind suction port of the same fan through flanges.

[0038] Preferably, the device also includes a profiling mechanism, which is arranged at the bottom of the frame 3 and floats up and down following the terrain; the profiling mechanism is linked to adjust the negative pressure suction port 5 and the positive pressure blowing port 2 to ensure that they can fit closely with the ground, thereby achieving a more ideal suction and picking state and improving the picking rate.

[0039] The profiling mechanism includes a profiling wheel 13 and an elastic member 14. One end of the elastic member 14 is fixed to the frame 3, and the profiling wheel 13 is rotatably connected to the other end of the elastic member 14. The elastic member 14 can be a damping rod, a spring, or a combination of the two.

[0040] In order to ensure the picking efficiency of the machine, the utility model designs an efficient picking scheme and a profiling mechanism, and also designs an effective cleaning mechanism to improve the picking rate, so as to achieve the purpose of high picking rate and low fruit damage rate. The device gathers red dates through a cleaning plate 1, and then uses an air suction-air blowing combination method to pick up the red dates. According to the Bernoulli principle and Bagno ld fluid mechanics theory, the grounded red dates are sucked in or blown into the picking. The method has a good fitting degree and has a high practical application significance.

[0041] The cleaning disc 1 is a key component of the device. It is an important component to increase the collection range of red dates and the picking rate of red dates. Under the coordinated cooperation of various components, it realizes the cleaning and gathering function of the fallen red dates. The disc brush 102 module is the main cleaning device of the pneumatic red date picking machine, which mainly includes left and right cleaning disc 1 brushes, a cleaning disc 1 brush base, a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder base, a cleaning disc 1 brush lower connecting rod 104, a cleaning disc 1 brush upper connecting rod, etc. First, the cleaning disc 1 is driven by the cleaning disc motor to realize the rotation function. The fallen red dates scattered in the field are thrown horizontally or moved horizontally under the combined effect of the kinetic energy generated by the rotation of the brush wire and the elastic potential energy generated by the deformation of the brush wire, so that the fallen red dates are gathered into a rectangle, which is convenient for picking up, can improve the picking rate, and reduce the missed picking rate.

[0042] As the connection between the red dates and the branches decreases after they mature, they fall to the fields under the action of gravity. The symmetrically arranged cleaning disc 1 rotates to gather the fallen red dates so that they can be picked up. The positive pressure blowing port 2 and the negative pressure suction port 5 act simultaneously to suck the gathered red dates into the negative pressure suction port 5. The red dates enter the air suction settling chamber 6 through the negative pressure suction pipe 16. After the red dates settle to the bottom of the air suction settling chamber 6, the red dates roll to the conveying mechanism. During the rolling process, the red dates pass through the cleaning mechanism at the bottom of the air suction settling chamber 6 to remove impurities. The conveying mechanism transports the red dates to the fruit collection box 7 to complete the picking. Under the linkage action of the profiling mechanism, the picking mechanism always maintains a certain degree of fit with the ground, achieving a better picking effect, improving the picking rate while greatly reducing the damage rate of the red dates.

[0043] The above description is only an implementation method of the present utility model, and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present utility model, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pneumatic red date picking device, characterized in that: include: It includes a cleaning disc, a motor, a connecting rod, a positive pressure blowing port, a fan, a power source, a frame, a walking mechanism, a negative pressure suction port, an air suction and settling chamber, a cleaning mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a fruit collecting box; the cleaning disc is rotatably connected to the frame, the motor provides power for the cleaning disc, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the motor, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the frame, the positive pressure blowing port is arranged at the wind output port of the fan, the fan is fixedly installed on the frame, the power source is fixedly connected to the frame, the walking mechanism that enables the entire device to move is rotatably connected to the frame, the conveying mechanism for transporting fruits to the fruit collecting box is fixedly installed on the frame, the negative pressure suction port is arranged at the wind suction port of the fan, an air suction and settling chamber is arranged between the negative pressure suction port and the fan, and a cleaning mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the air suction and settling chamber.

2. The pneumatic red date picking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The cleaning disc includes a telescopic rod and a disc brush; one end of the telescopic rod is universally hinged to the frame, the other end of the telescopic rod is slidably connected to the connecting rod, and the disc brush is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor that provides power for it.

3. The pneumatic red date picking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod comprises an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod and an adjusting bolt used for adjusting the length of the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod; the adjusting bolt is arranged on the rod bodies of the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod.

4. The pneumatic red date picking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism is specifically a auger.

5. The pneumatic red date picking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism is a screen, and the size of the mesh on the screen is smaller than the size of the fruit and larger than the size of the impurities.

6. The pneumatic red date picking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power source is a diesel engine, the output structure of the diesel engine is a pulley, the pulley drives the pulley of the walking mechanism to rotate through a belt, and the pulley drives the conveying mechanism to move through another belt.

7. The pneumatic red date picking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walking device comprises wheels and tires. The wheels are rotatably connected to the frame, and the tires are sleeved on the outer circumference of the wheels.

8. The pneumatic red date picking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a positive-pressure blowpipe and a negative-pressure suction pipe. The positive-pressure blowpipe is connected to the wind output port of the fan through the positive-pressure blowpipe, and the negative-pressure suction port is connected to the wind intake port of the fan through the negative-pressure suction pipe. The positive-pressure blowpipe and the negative-pressure suction pipe are respectively connected to the wind output port and wind intake port of the same fan through flanges.

9. The pneumatic red date picking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine also comprises a contour-profiling mechanism, which is arranged at the bottom of the frame and floats up and down following the terrain.

10. The pneumatic red date picking device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The profiling mechanism comprises a profiling wheel and an elastic member, one end of the elastic member is fixed to the frame, and the profiling wheel is rotatably connected to the other end of the elastic member.

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