Consumable extruding and rewinding assembly and 3D printer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a consumable extrusion rewinding assembly and a 3D printer, and relates to the technical field of 3D printing. The consumable extrusion rewinding assembly comprises a material disc, a driving device, a power transmission device and an extrusion assembly. The tray is used for loading consumables; the power transmission device is arranged between an output shaft of the driving device and the charging tray and drives the charging tray to roll back under the driving of the driving device; and the extrusion assembly is fixedly assembled on an output shaft of the driving device, supplies pass through the middle of the extrusion assembly, and drives the supplies to be extruded out or drawn back under the driving of the driving device. The power transmission device is a one-way power transmission device. The 3D printer comprises a consumable extrusion rewinding assembly and a printing head. By the adoption of the technical scheme, the single driving device controls extrusion, withdrawing and rewinding of the consumables, and the consumable rewinding device has the advantages that the consumables are not stacked during rewinding, the number of motors is reduced, a control circuit is simplified, and cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and in particular to a consumable material extrusion and rewinding component and a 3D printer. Background Art

[0002] In the field of 3D printing technology, precise control of the extrusion and recycling of consumables is one of the key factors to ensure printing quality and efficiency.

[0003] In some existing 3D printing devices, the remote extruder has a single function, which can only extrude and retract the filaments on the tray. When the remote extruder retracts the filaments, the filaments cannot be rewound back onto the tray, causing the filaments to pile up at the remote extruder feed port, affecting the stable operation of the system.

[0004] Some other existing 3D printing devices use two motors to control the extrusion and rewinding processes of the consumables. Specifically, one motor is responsible for extruding and retracting the consumables on the tray; while the other motor is directly set on the tray to drive the tray to rewind when the consumables are retracted, so that the consumables are rewound onto the tray. Although this type of 3D printing device can rewind the consumables onto the tray, it requires the coordination of two motors, has high requirements for the control system, and also requires the tray to be modified, which is not convenient. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a consumable extrusion and rewinding component and a 3D printer in view of the defects and shortcomings of the prior art. A single drive device controls the extrusion, withdrawal and rewinding of the consumable, which has the advantages of no accumulation of consumables during rewinding, reducing the number of motors, simplifying the control circuit and reducing costs.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a consumable extrusion rewinding component, comprising:

[0007] A tray for loading consumables;

[0008] Drive device;

[0009] A power transmission device is disposed between the output shaft of the driving device and the material tray, and drives the material tray to rewind under the drive of the driving device; and

[0010] The extrusion assembly is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the driving device and allows the consumables to pass through the middle. The consumables are driven to be extruded or withdrawn under the drive of the driving device.

[0011] The utility model is further configured that the power transmission device is a unidirectional power transmission device.

[0012] The utility model is further configured that the power transmission device includes: a main bevel gear fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the driving device; a sliding bevel gear meshing with the main bevel gear and having the same helical angle and opposite helical direction; a rotating shaft for the sliding bevel gear to be rotatably assembled and axially slide; an engaging gear rotatably assembled on the rotating shaft; a driving shaft in contact with the material tray and used to drive the material tray to rewind; and a gear set arranged between the engaging gear and the driving shaft;

[0013] A first meshing structure is provided on a side of the sliding bevel gear facing the meshing gear, and a second meshing structure is provided on a side of the meshing gear facing the sliding bevel gear;

[0014] During extrusion, the output shaft of the driving device rotates in one direction to drive the extrusion assembly to extrude the consumables, and at the same time, the main bevel gear drives the sliding bevel gear to rotate in one direction and drives the sliding bevel gear to move axially away from the meshing gear, so that the first meshing structure disengages from the second meshing structure;

[0015] During rewinding, the output shaft of the driving device rotates in the other direction, driving the extrusion assembly to retract the consumables. At the same time, the main bevel gear drives the sliding bevel gear to rotate in the other direction, and drives the sliding bevel gear to move axially toward the meshing gear. The first meshing structure meshes with the second meshing structure, thereby driving the meshing gear to rotate, and then drives the drive shaft to rotate through the gear set. Finally, the drive shaft drives the material tray to rewind.

[0016] The utility model further arranges that the first meshing structure is: a plurality of first protrusions spaced apart on the edge of the sliding bevel gear; the second meshing structure is: a plurality of second protrusions spaced apart on the edge of the meshing gear;

[0017] When the first engaging structure engages with the second engaging structure, the side of the first protrusion abutting against the second protrusion is a first contact surface, and the side of the first protrusion facing away from the second protrusion is a first guiding inclined surface; the side of the second protrusion abutting against the first protrusion is a second contact surface, and the side of the second protrusion facing away from the first protrusion is a second guiding inclined surface;

[0018] When the first contact surface of the first protrusion rotates and abuts against the second contact surface of the second protrusion, the first protrusion bites and drives the second protrusion to rotate; when the first guide slope of the first protrusion rotates and abuts against the second guide slope of the second protrusion, the first protrusion disengages from the second protrusion with the cooperation of the first guide slope and the second guide slope.

[0019] The utility model is further arranged that the gear set comprises: a driving gear fixedly assembled on the driving shaft; and a transmission gear arranged between the driving gear and the meshing gear and meshing with each other.

[0020] The utility model is further arranged that a shell is fixedly mounted on one side of the driving device facing the output shaft, the shell is provided with a rotating shaft hole for installing the rotating shaft, and the shell avoids the power transmission device and the extrusion assembly.

[0021] The utility model is further arranged that a first magnetic attraction component is provided in the shell, and a second magnetic attraction component is provided in the sliding bevel gear; when the first engaging structure bites the second engaging structure, under the action of the magnetic force of the first magnetic attraction component on the second magnetic attraction component, the sliding bevel gear is subjected to a thrust force to move axially away from the engaging gear, thereby assisting the first engaging structure to disengage from the second engaging structure; the thrust force is smaller than the force of the main bevel gear on the sliding bevel gear in the axial direction.

[0022] The utility model is further configured that the consumable material extrusion and rewinding assembly also includes:

[0023] A base, located at the bottom of the tray, for mounting the tray;

[0024] A front bracket, mounted on the front side of the base, for rotatably mounting the drive shaft;

[0025] A rear bracket, mounted on the rear side of the base; and

[0026] The driven shaft is rotatably mounted on the rear bracket and is used to assist in driving the material tray to rotate.

[0027] The utility model is further configured that the extrusion assembly includes: an extrusion wheel fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the driving device; and a pressing wheel meshed with the extrusion wheel; the consumables pass between the extrusion wheel and the pressing wheel;

[0028] During extrusion, the driving device drives the extrusion wheel to rotate in one direction, thereby driving the pressing wheel to rotate, and the extrusion wheel cooperates with the pressing wheel to drive the consumables to be extruded;

[0029] During retraction, the driving device drives the extrusion wheel to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby driving the pressing wheel to rotate, and the extrusion wheel cooperates with the pressing wheel to drive the consumables to be retracted.

[0030] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, another technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a 3D printer, comprising: the consumable material extrusion and rewinding component as described above; and a print head.

[0031] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effect of the utility model is as follows: in the utility model, by providing a power transmission device between the driving device and the material tray, and the extrusion assembly and the power transmission device are both controlled by the driving device, a single driving device can control the extrusion, withdrawal and rewinding of the consumables. Compared with 3D printing equipment without a rewinding function, this solution can drive the consumables to rewind onto the material tray without accumulation; compared with the dual-drive method, one motor is simplified, reducing the cost and control difficulty. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the consumable extrusion and rewinding assembly;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving device, the power transmission device, the extrusion assembly and the housing;

[0035] Figure 3 This is an exploded diagram of the structure of the consumable extrusion and rewinding component. Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 4 This is an exploded diagram of the structure of the consumable extrusion and rewinding component. Figure 2 ;

[0037] Figure 5 This is an exploded diagram of the structure of the consumable extrusion and rewinding component. Figure 3 ;

[0038] Figure 6 This is an exploded diagram of the structure of the consumable extrusion and rewinding component. Figure 4 ;

[0039] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power transmission device;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sliding bevel gear and the meshing gear in a disengaged state;

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sliding bevel gear and the meshing gear in the meshing state;

[0042] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom shell and the sliding helical gear;

[0043] Fig.11 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom shell and the sliding helical gear;

[0044] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the consumable extrusion and rewinding component, the consumable conveying and switching component and the print head.

[0045] Description of reference numerals:

[0046] 100, material tray; 110, consumables;

[0047] 200, driving device;

[0048] 300, power transmission device; 310, main bevel gear; 320, sliding bevel gear; 321, first protrusion; 321a, first contact surface; 321b, first guide bevel; 330, meshing gear; 331, second protrusion; 331a, second contact surface; 331b, second guide bevel; 340, driving shaft; 341, driving gear; 350, transmission gear; 360, rotating shaft;

[0049] 400, extrusion assembly; 410, extrusion wheel; 420, pressing wheel; 430, feeding pipe; 440, discharging pipe; 450, extrusion arm; 460, adjusting device;

[0050] 500, shell; 510, bottom shell; 520, middle shell; 530, top shell;

[0051] 600, base; 610, front bracket; 620, rear bracket; 621, driven shaft;

[0052] 710, first magnetic attraction member; 720, second magnetic attraction member;

[0053] 800, consumables transmission switching component;

[0054] 900. Print head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0056] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0057] This embodiment relates to a consumable material extrusion and rewinding assembly, referring to Figure 1-Figure 6 , including: a material tray 100, a driving device 200, a power transmission device 300 and an extrusion assembly 400.

[0058] Among them, the material tray 100 is a device for loading linear consumables 110. The driving device 200 is the power source in the consumable extrusion and rewinding assembly. In this embodiment, the driving device 200 is a motor, which is responsible for providing rotational power to drive other components. The power transmission device 300 is arranged between the output shaft of the driving device 200 and the material tray 100. Under the drive of the driving device 200, the material tray 100 is driven to rewind the consumables 110, so that the material tray 100 can realize the rewinding function, that is, when the consumables 110 are retracted, the consumables 110 are retracted into the material tray 100. The extrusion assembly 400 is fixedly assembled on the output shaft of the driving device 200, so that the consumables 110 pass through the middle of the extrusion assembly 400, and the consumables 110 are driven to be extruded or retracted under the drive of the driving device 200. By arranging a power transmission device 300 between the driving device 200 and the material tray 100, and the extrusion assembly 400 and the power transmission device 300 are both controlled by the driving device 200, a single driving device 200 can control the extrusion, withdrawal and rewinding of the consumables 110. Compared with 3D printing equipment without a rewinding function, this solution can drive the consumables 110 to rewind onto the material tray 100 without accumulation; compared with the dual-drive method, one motor is simplified, reducing costs and control difficulty.

[0059] In this embodiment, the power transmission device 300 is a one-way power transmission device. This prevents the drive device 200 from driving the tray 100 to rotate during extrusion. In the case of power, the speed of driving the tray 100 will be faster than the speed of extrusion by the extrusion assembly 400, which will cause the consumables 110 on the tray 100 to become loose. One-way transmission can also reduce power loss and avoid unnecessary energy consumption.

[0060] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 7The power transmission device 300 includes: a main bevel gear 310 fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the driving device 200, a sliding bevel gear 320 meshing with the main bevel gear 310, having the same helical angle and opposite helical direction, a rotating shaft 360 for the sliding bevel gear 320 to be rotatably assembled and axially slide, a meshing gear 330 rotatably assembled on the rotating shaft 360, a driving shaft 340 in contact with the material tray 100 and used to drive the material tray 100 to rewind, and a gear set arranged between the meshing gear 330 and the driving shaft 340. In this embodiment, the main bevel gear 310 and the sliding bevel gear 320 are helical gears in terms of gear type, on the one hand, to generate axial thrust during transmission, and on the other hand, the tooth surface contact of the helical gear is line contact. Compared with the point contact of the spur gear, the helical gear transmission is more stable, the impact, vibration and noise are also smaller, and the load-bearing capacity is also higher than that of the spur gear. The rotating shaft 360 is used to install the sliding bevel gear 320 and the meshing gear 330, ensuring that the axes of the sliding bevel gear 320 and the meshing gear 330 are on the same horizontal line so that the two mesh more accurately and run more smoothly. In this embodiment, the gear width of the sliding bevel gear 320 is wider than that of the main bevel gear 310.

[0061] Reference Figure 8-Figure 9 The first meshing structure is provided on the side of the sliding bevel gear 320 facing the meshing gear 330, and the second meshing structure is provided on the side of the meshing gear 330 facing the sliding bevel gear 320. The first meshing structure is driven to mesh with or disengage from the second meshing structure by the output shaft of the driving device 200. Through the meshing of the main bevel gear 310 and the sliding bevel gear 320, and the ingenious cooperation between the meshing gear 330 and the meshing structure, the seamless conversion between the extrusion and rewinding operation modes is achieved.

[0062] Specifically, during extrusion, the output shaft of the driving device 200 rotates in one direction, driving the extrusion assembly 400 to drive the consumable 110 to extrude, while the main bevel gear 310 drives the sliding bevel gear 320 to rotate in one direction and drives the sliding bevel gear 320 to move axially in a direction away from the meshing gear 330. The axial force generated by the rotation of the main bevel gear 310 on the sliding bevel gear 320 causes the first meshing structure to disengage from the second meshing structure, ensuring that the extrusion assembly 400 smoothly extrude the consumable 110. During rewinding, the output shaft of the driving device 200 rotates in the other direction, driving the extrusion assembly 400 to drive the consumable 110 to retract, while the main bevel gear 310 drives the sliding bevel gear 320 to rotate in the other direction and drives the sliding bevel gear 320 to move axially in a direction close to the meshing gear 330. The axial force generated causes the first meshing structure to mesh with the second meshing structure, thereby driving the meshing gear 330 to rotate, and then driving the drive shaft 340 to rotate through the gear set, and finally the drive shaft 340 drives the material tray 100 to rewind.

[0063] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 7-Figure 9The first meshing structure is: a plurality of first protrusions 321 spaced apart on the edge of the sliding bevel gear 320; the second meshing structure is: a plurality of second protrusions 331 spaced apart on the edge of the meshing gear 330. When extruding, the first protrusions 321 and the second protrusions 331 are separated, and the sliding bevel gear 320 moves freely without driving the meshing gear 330, ensuring a smooth extrusion process; when rewinding, the two are precisely docked, and the power is transmitted from the main bevel gear 310 to the meshing gear 330 via the sliding bevel gear 320, and then the material tray 100 is driven through the gear set and the drive shaft 340 to rewind the consumables 110.

[0064] Specifically, taking the state when the first engagement structure engages with the second engagement structure as an example, the side of the first protrusion 321 abutting against the second protrusion 331 is the first contact surface 321a, and the side of the first protrusion 321 away from the second protrusion 331 is the first guiding inclined surface 321b; the side of the second protrusion 331 abutting against the first protrusion 321 is the second contact surface 331a, and the side of the second protrusion 331 away from the first protrusion 321 is the second guiding inclined surface 331b. When the first contact surface 321a of the first protrusion 321 rotates and abuts against the second contact surface 331a of the second protrusion 331, the engagement of the first protrusion 321 drives the second protrusion 331 to rotate, and when the first contact surface 321a and the second contact surface 331a are in contact, stable engagement support is provided to ensure efficient and direct power transmission. When the first guide bevel 321b of the first protrusion 321 rotates to abut against the second guide bevel 331b of the second protrusion 331, the first protrusion 321, with the cooperation of the first guide bevel 321b and the second guide bevel 331b, disengages from the second protrusion 331. As the first guide bevel 321b contacts the second guide bevel 331b, the design of the guide bevel guides the two protrusions to smoothly disengage from each other. This design reduces direct collision or friction, reduces noise and wear, protects the gear assembly, and extends its service life.

[0065] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 The gear set includes: a driving gear 341 fixedly mounted on the driving shaft 340, and a transmission gear 350 disposed between the driving gear 341 and the meshing gear 330 and meshing with the driving gear 341 and the meshing gear 330. In other embodiments, the gear set may also use more gears to achieve power transmission.

[0066] In some embodiments, the power transmission device 300 may also adopt other specific structures to achieve unidirectional power transmission, such as: an overrunning clutch (i.e., a one-way bearing, a one-way wheel) is provided in the power transmission device 300, so that the material tray 100 can only be rewound.

[0067] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2-Figure 6 The drive device 200 is fixedly equipped with a housing 500 on the side facing the output shaft. The housing 500 is provided with a shaft hole for installing the shaft 360. The housing 500 avoids the power transmission device 300 and the extrusion assembly 400. The housing 500 design provides a stable frame for the power transmission device 300 and the extrusion assembly 400, enhances the stability of the entire structure, and prevents displacement or vibration during operation. On the other hand, it constitutes a physical barrier that can effectively prevent foreign matter from entering and reduce wear and contamination of the shaft 360, gears, etc.

[0068] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 and Figure 6 The housing 500 includes: a bottom housing 510 connected to the outer shell of the driving device 200 and having a space for the main bevel gear 310 and the sliding bevel gear 320 to rotate, a middle housing 520 connected to the bottom housing 510 and having a clearance hole for avoiding the meshing gear 330, the transmission gear 350 and the extrusion assembly 400, and a top housing 530 connected to the middle housing 520. The bottom housing 510, the middle housing 520 and the top housing 530 are connected by fasteners.

[0069] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 6 , Figure 10-11 , a first magnetic member 710 is provided in the housing 500, and a second magnetic member 720 is provided in the sliding bevel gear 320. When the first meshing structure meshes with the second meshing structure, under the magnetic force of the first magnetic member 710 on the second magnetic member 720, the sliding bevel gear 320 is subjected to a thrust to move axially away from the meshing gear 330, thereby assisting the first meshing structure to disengage from the second meshing structure. The thrust is smaller than the force of the main bevel gear 310 on the sliding bevel gear 320 in the axial direction, so that when withdrawing, the first meshing structure will not disengage from the second meshing structure. When the withdrawing state is converted to the extruding state, under the interaction of the first magnetic member 710 and the second magnetic member 720, the auxiliary sliding bevel gear 320 and the meshing gear 330 can be quickly disengaged, thereby avoiding the sliding bevel gear 320 and the meshing gear 330 not being completely disengaged during the extrusion of the consumable 110. The first magnetic member 710 and the second magnetic member 720 can both be magnets, or one can be a magnet and the other can be a metal member. Specifically in this embodiment, the first magnetic attraction member 710 is a magnet, and the second attraction member is an iron column, and there are multiple iron columns and they are evenly distributed in the sliding bevel gear 320 to ensure that each position of the sliding bevel gear 320 is close to each other under the action of magnetic force. In this embodiment, the magnet is set in the bottom shell 510.

[0070] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1The consumable extrusion rewinding assembly further includes: a base 600 located at the bottom of the material tray 100 for mounting the material tray 100, a front bracket 610 mounted on the front side of the base 600 for rotatably mounting the drive shaft 340,

[0071] The rear bracket 620 is mounted on the rear side of the base 600, and the driven shaft 621 is rotatably mounted on the rear bracket 620 and is used to assist in driving the rotation of the material tray 100. The driven shaft 621 is provided to help drive the rotation of the material tray 100. In this embodiment, the height of the front bracket 610 is located below the central axis of the material tray 100, and the rear bracket 620 is located at the bottom side of the material tray 100, which helps to balance the material tray 100, improves stability, and also facilitates the loading and unloading of the material tray 100.

[0072] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2-Figure 6 The extrusion assembly 400 includes: an extrusion wheel 410 fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the driving device 200, and a pressing wheel 420 meshed with the extrusion wheel 410, and the consumable 110 passes between the extrusion wheel 410 and the pressing wheel 420. Specifically, during extrusion, the driving device 200 drives the extrusion wheel 410 to rotate in one direction, thereby driving the pressing wheel 420 to rotate, and the extrusion wheel 410 and the pressing wheel 420 cooperate to drive the consumable 110 to extrude; during retraction, the driving device 200 drives the extrusion wheel 410 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby driving the pressing wheel 420 to rotate, and the extrusion wheel 410 and the pressing wheel 420 cooperate to drive the consumable 110 to retract. The output shaft of the driving device 200 directly drives the rotation direction of the extrusion wheel 410, and the design of the extrusion wheel and the pressing wheel 420 tightly meshing realizes the rapid extrusion and precise retraction of the consumable 110, ensures that uniform pressure is applied to the consumable 110 during the extrusion process, and helps the smooth extrusion of the material and reduces deformation or damage. In this embodiment, the extrusion assembly 400 further includes: a feed pipe 430 and a discharge pipe 440 provided at the upper and lower ends of the housing 500, for the consumable 110 to be input from the feed pipe 430, the consumable 110 to be extruded through the extrusion wheel 410 and the pressure wheel 420, and the consumable 110 to be output through the discharge pipe 440. In this embodiment, the extrusion assembly 400 further includes: an extrusion arm 450 assembled on the side of the housing 500 and for the pressure wheel 420 to be rotatably mounted, and an adjustment device 460 provided between the extrusion arm 450 and the housing 500. By changing the position of the extrusion arm 450 through the adjustment device 460, the distance between the pressure wheel 420 and the extrusion wheel 410 is changed, so that the pressure of the pressure wheel 420 to extrude the consumable 110 can be adjusted.

[0073] This embodiment also relates to a 3D printer, comprising: the above-mentioned consumable extrusion and rewinding assembly; and a print head 900. In this embodiment, a plurality of consumable extrusion and rewinding assemblies are provided, and a consumable transmission switching assembly 800 is further provided between the plurality of consumable extrusion and rewinding assemblies and the print head 900.

[0074] The consumable transmission switching assembly 800 includes a plurality of consumable selection mechanisms. Driven by the servo gear, the switching components in the consumable selection mechanisms switch between different position states. In the case of multiple consumables (each consumable extrusion and rewinding assembly corresponds to one consumable), two of the consumables are respectively guided into different consumable hubs, thereby realizing the rapid preparation of the two consumables; and after one of the consumables is printed, the second consumable is quickly printed, and the third consumable is supplemented and prepared while the second consumable is printing, and is on standby at any time, thereby greatly shortening the material replacement time and realizing continuous printing.

[0075] The above is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Other modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the technical solution of the utility model by ordinary technicians in this field should be included in the scope of the claims of the utility model as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A consumable extrusion rewinding assembly, characterized in that: include: A material tray (100) for loading consumables (110); A driving device (200); A power transmission device (300) is disposed between the output shaft of the driving device (200) and the material tray (100), and drives the material tray (100) to rewind under the drive of the driving device (200); as well as The extrusion assembly (400) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the driving device (200) and allows the consumable material (110) to pass through the middle, and drives the consumable material (110) to be extruded or withdrawn under the drive of the driving device (200).

2. The consumable material extrusion and rewinding assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power transmission device (300) is a unidirectional power transmission device (300).

3. The consumable material extrusion and rewinding assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power transmission device (300) comprises: a main bevel gear (310) fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the driving device (200); a sliding bevel gear (320) meshing with the main bevel gear (310) and having the same helical angle and opposite helical direction; a rotating shaft (360) for the sliding bevel gear (320) to be rotatably mounted and axially slide; an engaging gear (330) rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft (360); a driving shaft (340) in contact with the material tray (100) and used to drive the material tray (100) to rewind; and a gear set arranged between the engaging gear (330) and the driving shaft (340); A first meshing structure is provided on a side of the sliding bevel gear (320) facing the meshing gear (330), and a second meshing structure is provided on a side of the meshing gear (330) facing the sliding bevel gear (320); When extruding, the output shaft of the driving device (200) rotates in one direction, driving the extrusion assembly (400) to drive the consumable (110) to extrude, and at the same time, the main bevel gear (310) drives the sliding bevel gear (320) to rotate in one direction and drives the sliding bevel gear (320) to move axially in a direction away from the meshing gear (330), and the first meshing structure disengages from the second meshing structure; During rewinding, the output shaft of the driving device (200) rotates in the other direction, driving the extrusion assembly (400) to drive the consumable (110) to retract, and at the same time, the main bevel gear (310) drives the sliding bevel gear (320) to rotate in the other direction, and drives the sliding bevel gear (320) to move axially in the direction close to the meshing gear (330), the first meshing structure meshes with the second meshing structure, thereby driving the meshing gear (330) to rotate, and then drives the drive shaft (340) to rotate through the gear set, and finally the drive shaft (340) drives the material tray (100) to rewind.

4. The consumable material extrusion and rewinding assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first meshing structure is: a plurality of first protrusions (321) arranged at intervals on the edge of the sliding bevel gear (320); the second meshing structure is: a plurality of second protrusions (331) arranged at intervals on the edge of the meshing gear (330); When the first engaging structure engages with the second engaging structure, the side of the first protrusion (321) abutting against the second protrusion (331) is a first contact surface (321a), and the side of the first protrusion (321) facing away from the second protrusion (331) is a first guiding inclined surface (321b); the side of the second protrusion (331) abutting against the first protrusion (321) is a second contact surface (331a), and the side of the second protrusion (331) facing away from the first protrusion (321) is a second guiding inclined surface (331b); When the first contact surface (321a) of the first protrusion (321) rotates and abuts against the second contact surface (331a) of the second protrusion (331), the first protrusion (321) engages to drive the second protrusion (331) to rotate; when the first guiding inclined surface (321b) of the first protrusion (321) rotates and abuts against the second guiding inclined surface (331b) of the second protrusion (331), the first protrusion (321) is separated from the second protrusion (331) under the cooperation of the first guiding inclined surface (321b) and the second guiding inclined surface (331b).

5. The consumable material extrusion and rewinding assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gear set comprises: a driving gear (341) fixedly mounted on the driving shaft (340); and a transmission gear (350) disposed between the driving gear (341) and the meshing gear (330) and meshing with each other.

6. The consumable material extrusion and rewinding assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: A housing (500) is fixedly mounted on one side of the driving device (200) facing the output shaft, the housing (500) is provided with a rotating shaft (360) hole for installing the rotating shaft (360), and the housing (500) avoids the power transmission device (300) and the extrusion assembly (400).

7. The consumable material extrusion and rewinding assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first magnetic component (710) is provided in the shell (500), and a second magnetic component (720) is provided in the sliding bevel gear (320); when the first engaging structure engages with the second engaging structure, under the action of the magnetic force of the first magnetic component (710) on the second magnetic component (720), the sliding bevel gear (320) is subjected to a thrust for axial movement away from the engaging gear (330), thereby assisting the first engaging structure to disengage from the second engaging structure; the thrust is smaller than the force of the main bevel gear (310) on the sliding bevel gear (320) in the axial direction.

8. The consumable material extrusion and rewinding assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The consumable material extrusion and rewinding assembly also includes: A base (600), located at the bottom of the material tray (100), used for setting up the material tray (100); A front bracket (610), mounted on the front side of the base (600) and used for rotatably mounting the drive shaft (340); A rear support (620) mounted on the rear side of the base (600); and The driven shaft (621) is rotatably mounted on the rear support (620) and is used to assist in driving the material tray (100) to rotate.

9. The consumable material extrusion and rewinding assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The extrusion assembly (400) comprises: an extrusion wheel (410) fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the driving device (200); and a pressing wheel (420) meshing with the extrusion wheel (410); the consumable material (110) passes between the extrusion wheel (410) and the pressing wheel (420); During extrusion, the driving device (200) drives the extrusion wheel (410) to rotate in one direction, thereby driving the pressing wheel (420) to rotate, and the extrusion wheel (410) and the pressing wheel (420) cooperate to drive the consumable material (110) to be extruded; During retraction, the driving device (200) drives the extrusion wheel (410) to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby driving the pressing wheel (420) to rotate, and the extrusion wheel (410) and the pressing wheel (420) cooperate to drive the consumable (110) to be retracted.

10. A 3D printer, characterized in that: include: The consumable extrusion and rewinding assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9; and a print head (900).

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