Automatic rainwater collection, storage and supply system suitable for drought-resistant afforestation of slope in arid region

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic rainwater collection, storage and supply system suitable for drought-resistant afforestation in an arid area slope, which comprises an afforestation area, a plurality of whole areas are formed in the afforestation area, a soil preparation slope is formed between every two adjacent whole areas, and a transverse intercepting ditch is arranged above the soil preparation slope at the top of the afforestation area. Longitudinal intercepting ditches are formed in the two sides of the afforestation area and communicate with the transverse intercepting ditches, and the afforestation area is semi-enclosed by the longitudinal intercepting ditches and the transverse intercepting ditches. A plurality of water collecting tanks are arranged on the soil preparation side slopes below each whole area in the transverse direction of the whole area and communicate with one another, and the water collecting tanks located on the two sides communicate with the longitudinal intercepting ditches on the two sides through branch ditches correspondingly; and a plurality of self-suction ropes are also arranged in each water collecting tank. The rainwater collection device is simple in overall structure and convenient to implement, rainwater can be effectively collected for lasting water storage and automatic water supplement, the rainwater collection device can be achieved without adding electrical equipment, and system energy consumption and cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water conservation, drought resistance, and afforestation, in particular to an automatic rainwater collection and supply system suitable for drought resistance and afforestation on slopes in arid areas. Background Art

[0002] Water is a key limiting factor for ecological restoration in arid and semi-arid areas. In order to ensure water replenishment, researchers have developed and applied a variety of drought-resistant technologies, including water-saving irrigation, water storage and conservation, and cultivation of drought-resistant plants.

[0003] The existing water storage and conservation technologies mainly include the following:

[0004] Rainwater harvesting and utilization technology is a widely used method of water storage and conservation. By setting up rainwater collection facilities, such as roof collection systems, ground drainage systems, and sump pits, precipitation can be effectively collected and then used for irrigation and water storage. This technology not only maximizes the use of rainwater resources, but also reduces dependence on groundwater or other water sources.

[0005] Underground water storage technology is also an important means of water storage and conservation. It uses underground water storage facilities such as ditches, water cellars, and ponds to store rainwater or groundwater to ensure that trees still have a stable water supply during droughts.

[0006] Soil water retention technology is also an important way to improve the soil's ability to store and retain water. By improving soil structure and adding water retaining agents, this technology can significantly improve the soil's ability to retain water and reduce water evaporation losses, which not only helps improve the soil environment, but also provides better growth conditions for trees.

[0007] In addition, there are some other water storage and conservation technologies, such as terrace technology, hillside interception technology, slope water storage technology, ditch water storage technology, ditch top protection engineering technology, etc. These technologies are designed according to different topography and hydrological conditions. They aim to effectively intercept, store and utilize rainwater resources. Combined with current water-saving irrigation technologies, such as drip irrigation, micro-sprinkler irrigation and other modern irrigation systems, this technology can accurately and quantitatively irrigate trees, which not only reduces water waste, improves water use efficiency, but also helps promote the healthy growth of trees.

[0008] However, there are some limitations in the existing water storage and water conservation technologies, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. The catchment area of ​​many water storage and water conservation technologies is limited, which leads to the limitation of water storage capacity. This limitation is particularly obvious in areas that need to cope with long-term drought or large water demand. For example, some water storage and water conservation measures for single trees, such as the method of using water-retaining buckets and water-retaining agents, although they help the survival of trees to a certain extent, their water storage capacity and water retention duration are limited, and it is difficult to cope with long-term drought. 2. The implementation cost of some water storage and water conservation technologies is high, especially in some economically underdeveloped or resource-limited areas, the promotion and application of these technologies may be limited by funding shortages. 3. Some water storage and water conservation technologies require a lot of energy support, which increases their operating costs. 4. Some water storage and water conservation technologies will have a negative impact on the environment. For example, the use of groundwater to irrigate the soil, and the use of some improper water sources such as mineral water, saline water, etc., may cause problems such as soil salinization, causing damage to the natural water cycle and ecological balance, and leading to the degradation of the ecosystem.

[0009] In addition, when storing and conserving water, the effect of water storage and water conservation may be affected by many factors, such as natural factors such as rainfall, evaporation, topography, soil type, and social factors such as human activities and management methods, which may affect the effect of water storage and water conservation technology. Therefore, in actual application, it is necessary to select and adjust according to the specific situation to achieve the best water storage and water conservation effect. However, most of the current water storage and water conservation technologies have certain limitations and cannot be promoted and applied on a large scale and in all regions.

[0010] Therefore, based on the limitations of existing water storage and conservation technologies in terms of water storage capacity, cost, environmental impact and effect stability, in order to overcome these limitations, it is necessary for us to provide a water conservation and drought resistance technology with high water storage capacity, low cost, low energy consumption and long-lasting water replenishment effect. Utility Model Content

[0011] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an automatic rainwater collection and replenishment system suitable for drought-resistant afforestation on slopes in arid areas. The automatic rainwater collection and replenishment system has a simple overall structure and is easy to implement. It can effectively collect rainwater for long-term water storage and automatic water replenishment without adding electrical equipment, thereby reducing system energy consumption and costs. The system will not cause harm to the environment and can effectively ensure the water cycle and ecological balance of the original ecosystem in the afforestation area.

[0012] The purpose of the utility model is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions: an automatic rainwater collection and replenishment system suitable for drought-resistant afforestation on slopes in arid areas, including an afforestation area, wherein a plurality of land preparation areas are formed along the height direction of the afforestation area, and land preparation slopes are formed between adjacent land preparation areas. A transverse intercepting ditch is arranged above the land preparation slope at the top of the afforestation area, and longitudinal intercepting ditches are arranged on both sides of the afforestation area, and the longitudinal intercepting ditches are connected with the transverse intercepting ditches, and the longitudinal intercepting ditches and the transverse intercepting ditches semi-enclose the afforestation area; a water collecting tank is arranged on the land preparation slope below each of the land preparation areas, and a plurality of water collecting tanks are arranged transversely along the land preparation area and are connected to each other, and the water collecting tanks on both sides are connected with the longitudinal intercepting ditches on both sides through branch ditches respectively; a plurality of self-priming ropes are also arranged in each of the water collecting tanks, and the plurality of self-priming ropes are arranged side by side and extend into the soil inside the land preparation area above the land preparation slope where the water collecting tank is located.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, a plurality of spaced-apart drainage ditches are arranged on the ground in each of the entire areas, and the drainage ditches are arranged longitudinally and connected to the water collecting tank.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, each of the entire regions forms a longitudinal gradient of 1.5% to 3%.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, the water collecting tank includes a closed box body, the upper end face of the closed box body is an inclined surface, the lowest end of the upper end face is in contact with the edge of the land leveling area above the land leveling slope where it is located, and a water collecting trough is formed at the lowest end of the upper end face, and a plurality of water outlet funnels are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the water collecting trough, and the plurality of water outlet funnels are all connected to the interior of the closed box body.

[0016] Based on the above technical solution, the water outlet funnel is provided with upper and lower filter layers, the lower filter layer is a non-woven fabric layer or a gauze layer, and the upper filter layer is a coarse sand layer or a gravel layer.

[0017] Based on the above technical solution, the self-priming rope is a hemp rope, a cotton rope, a straw rope or a sponge stick.

[0018] Based on the above technical solution, the distance between the self-priming ropes is 10 to 20 cm, the thickness is 1 to 5 mm, and the distance between the self-priming ropes and the ground of the entire area is 25 to 35 cm.

[0019] Based on the above technical solution, the surface soil of the entire area is also covered with a modified layer, which includes an upper gravel layer and a lower mixed layer, and the mixed layer is prepared by mixing a water retaining agent and soil in a volume ratio of 1:20.

[0020] Based on the above technical solution, measured from top to bottom along the height direction of the afforestation area, the width of all the branch ditches on any side increases gradually in sequence.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0022] The utility model combines terrain transformation, water collection, water storage and water replenishment into one. After using terrain transformation to divert rainwater to the water collection tank in each whole ground area for storage, natural rainwater is stored nearby, which regulates water distribution and improves rainwater utilization rate in terms of time. Then, a self-priming rope with a capillary channel is used to automatically adsorb and slowly release it into the soil, thereby delaying water loss and achieving a lasting and continuous water replenishment effect, maintaining the basic moisture content of the soil for a long time. The entire system is automatically completed without the assistance of other equipment, reducing energy consumption, carbon emissions and water costs in the implementation of ecological restoration, and is suitable for large-scale promotion and application.

[0023] Utility Model BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present utility model, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present utility model. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 It is an implementation structure diagram of the automatic rainwater collection and replenishment system suitable for drought-resistant afforestation on slopes in arid areas;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a lateral structural diagram of a rainwater automatic collection and replenishment system suitable for drought-resistant afforestation on slopes in arid areas;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic rainwater collection and replenishment system suitable for drought-resistant afforestation on slopes in arid areas;

[0028] Figure 4 It is the overall structural diagram of the water collecting tank;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the water collection tank;

[0030] The numbers in the figure represent:

[0031] 1. Afforestation area; 2. Land preparation area; 3. Land preparation slope; 4. Horizontal intercepting ditch; 5. Vertical intercepting ditch; 6. Water collecting box; 7. Branch ditch; 8. Self-priming rope; 9. Water collecting ditch; 10. Water collecting trough; 11. Water outlet funnel; 12. Lower filter layer; 13. Upper filter layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the utility model more clearly understood, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The schematic implementation manner of the utility model and its description are only used to explain the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model.

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the first embodiment of the utility model discloses an automatic rainwater collection and replenishment system suitable for drought-resistant afforestation on slopes in arid areas, comprising an afforestation area 1, wherein a plurality of land preparation areas 2 are formed in the afforestation area 1 along the height direction of the afforestation area 1, and land preparation slopes 3 are formed between adjacent land preparation areas 2, and a transverse intercepting ditch 4 is arranged above the land preparation slope 3 at the top of the afforestation area 1, and longitudinal intercepting ditches 5 are arranged on both sides of the afforestation area 1, and the longitudinal intercepting ditches 5 are connected to the transverse intercepting ditches 4, and the longitudinal intercepting ditches 5 are connected to the transverse intercepting ditches 4. The intercepting ditch 5 and the transverse intercepting ditch 4 semi-enclose the afforestation area 1; a water collecting tank 6 is arranged on the land preparation slope 3 below each of the land preparation areas 2, and multiple water collecting tanks 6 are arranged horizontally along the land preparation area 2 and are interconnected, and the water collecting tanks 6 on both sides are connected to the longitudinal intercepting ditches 5 on both sides through branch ditches 7 respectively; each of the water collecting tanks 6 is also provided with a plurality of self-priming ropes 8, and the plurality of self-priming ropes 8 are arranged side by side and extend into the internal soil of the land preparation area 2 above the land preparation slope 3 where the water collecting tanks 6 are located.

[0034] During implementation, the transverse intercepting ditch 4 can collect rainwater and divert it to the two sides of the afforestation area 1 through the longitudinal intercepting ditches 5 on both sides, and flow into the water collecting tank 6 for storage through the branch ditch 7, which can not only reduce the scouring of rainwater on the soil in the afforestation area 1 and reduce soil loss, but also the stored rainwater is adsorbed to the soil around the self-priming rope 8 under the action of the self-priming rope 8 with a capillary channel, so that the rainwater is automatically, continuously and durably adsorbed into the soil for water replenishment, and the water replenishment speed is relatively slow, and the basic moisture content of the soil is maintained for a long time, which can ensure sustainability while also meeting the basic water needs of plants in the afforestation area 1. There is no need for other energy-consuming equipment such as water extraction and irrigation, which reduces the energy consumption and cost of the system and reduces the damage to the original ecological balance of the afforestation area. In addition, the structure is simple and easy to implement during application, which can also reduce the difficulty of implementation, and can better adapt to the use needs of different regions, suitable for promotion and application on a large scale.

[0035] During the implementation process, some areas have less rainfall, and the rainwater collected by the transverse intercepting ditch 4 may not be enough to meet the water collection needs of the water collection tanks 6 on all the land preparation slopes 3, resulting in the inability to continuously and permanently replenish water during implementation, thereby losing the water conservation and drought resistance effect.

[0036] Based on this, in this embodiment, a plurality of spaced-apart drainage ditches 9 are arranged on the ground of each of the whole areas 2, and the drainage ditches 9 are arranged longitudinally and connected to the water collecting box 6. When it rains, the drainage ditches 9 can also collect excess rainwater and collect it in the water collecting box 6, thereby further increasing the water collecting passage of the water collecting box 6, improving its water collecting efficiency and water collecting volume, ensuring that more available rainwater can be collected every time it rains, thereby making the system more effective in water conservation and drought resistance, and at the same time, the drainage ditches 9 can also drain excess rainwater from the whole area 2 more quickly, preventing rainwater from washing away the soil and causing soil loss.

[0037] In specific implementation, each of the entire area 2 forms a longitudinal gradient of 1.5% to 3%. The entire area 2 forms a longitudinal gradient of 1.5% to 3%, which can accelerate the downward flow of surface water to avoid rainwater accumulation and damage to plants. At the same time, when there is a water collection ditch 9, the water collection ditch 9 can also be discharged more quickly into the water collection box 6 to accelerate the water collection effect. Specifically, each of the entire area 2 forms a longitudinal gradient of 2%.

[0038] As a further embodiment, the water collecting box 6 includes a closed box body, the upper end surface of the closed box body is an inclined surface, the lowest end of the upper end surface is in contact with the edge of the leveling area 2 above the leveling slope 3 where it is located, and a water collecting trough 10 is formed at the lowest end of the upper end surface, and a plurality of water outlet funnels 11 are spaced apart at the bottom of the water collecting trough 10, and the plurality of water outlet funnels 11 are all connected to the interior of the closed box body. When in use, the closed box is completely closed to prevent rainwater from evaporating and external impurities from entering the closed box to block and pollute the water source. At the same time, the upper end surface of the closed box is set as an inclined surface, so that rainwater above the closed box can be better collected into the water collection trough 10. At the same time, the lowest end of the upper end surface is in contact with the edge of the whole area 2 above the land preparation slope 3 where it is located, and rainwater flowing down from the whole area 2 can be better collected. At the same time, the water collection trough 10 is arranged horizontally along the closed box, which can ensure that rainwater flowing down from the whole area 2 can be collected into the closed box. At the same time, multiple water outlet funnels 11 are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the water collection trough 10, which can also quickly flow rainwater to the closed box.

[0039] At the same time, in order to prevent mud from entering the closed box with rainwater and causing blockage therein, or affecting the water absorption effect of the self-priming rope 8, the water outlet funnel 11 of this embodiment is provided with upper and lower filter layers, the lower filter layer 12 is a non-woven fabric layer or a gauze layer, and the upper filter layer 13 is a coarse sand layer or a gravel layer. Specifically, the thickness of the upper filter layer 13 is 5 to 10 cm.

[0040] As a specific implementation, the water collecting box 6 can be made of UV-resistant and anti-aging materials, such as stainless steel, with a length and width of 0.5×0.5m respectively, and a height adjusted with the terrain, generally 1 to 2m. The water collecting trough 10 can be set to a concave type with a trapezoidal or arc-shaped cross-section. The overall height of the water collecting trough 10 is 30cm and the width is 30cm. A water outlet funnel 11 is set every 50cm. The funnel mouth is circular with a diameter of 10cm, and the water outlet below the funnel has a diameter of 10mm.

[0041] In the specific implementation process, the self-priming rope 8 is a rope-shaped object with a capillary channel. Through the capillary channel inside it, the water source in the closed box can be slowly absorbed and spread along its length, so that the water source can be automatically absorbed into the soil in the area where it is located, and the surrounding soil is slowly released. At the same time, the amount of water replenishment is controllable and small, and a long-term water replenishment effect can be achieved. Specifically, the self-priming rope 8 is a hemp rope, a cotton rope, a straw rope or a sponge stick.

[0042] In a specific implementation, the self-priming ropes are spaced 10 to 20 cm apart from each other, have a thickness of 1 to 5 mm, and are 25 to 35 cm away from the ground of the entire area 2 .

[0043] In a specific implementation, the surface soil of the entire area 2 is also covered with a modified layer, which includes an upper gravel layer and a lower mixed layer, and the mixed layer is prepared by mixing a water retaining agent and soil at a volume ratio of 1:20. After the modification, the soil of the entire area 2 can not only better avoid soil erosion, but also better preserve water and reduce the rate of water loss. Specifically, the gravel layer has a covering thickness of 1 to 2 cm, preferably 1 cm.

[0044] In the specific implementation, the width of all the branch ditches 7 on any side is gradually increased from top to bottom along the height direction of the afforestation area 1. In the process of collecting rainwater, the water flow in the longitudinal intercepting ditch 5 becomes smaller as it goes down. In order to ensure that the rainwater in the longitudinal intercepting ditch 5 can fill all the water collection tanks, the branch ditches 7 are designed in this way. Since the water flow in the longitudinal intercepting ditch 5 is large, there is no need to worry about the rainwater not being introduced into the upper branch ditch 7. Since the water flow in the longitudinal intercepting ditch 5 is reduced in the lower branch ditch 7, in order to ensure that more water can flow into the branch ditch 7, the branch ditch 7 with a large width can ensure that water can still enter in the case of small water volume, thereby avoiding the problem that the lower water collection tank cannot be filled with water.

[0045] As a specific increasing method, in the branch ditch 7 on any side, the width of the top branch ditch 7 can be 1 / 10 of the width of the longitudinal intercepting ditch 5, the width of the second branch ditch 7 can be 1.1 / 10, the width of the third branch ditch 7 can be 1.2 / 10, and so on. Therefore, the drainage volume under normal circumstances can be roughly determined according to the width of the longitudinal intercepting ditch 5, and then the width of each branch ditch 7 can be determined accordingly at the same depth, which can be flexibly selected and applied based on actual conditions.

[0046] The above is the entire content of the rainwater automatic collection and replenishment system suitable for drought-resistant afforestation on slopes in arid areas for afforestation in arid areas. The second embodiment of the utility model is based on the system and also provides an implementation method for automatic collection and replenishment of rainwater suitable for drought-resistant afforestation on slopes in arid areas, including the following steps:

[0047] S1: land leveling is performed in the afforestation area 1 in a horizontal step manner, and a plurality of leveling areas 2 are formed along the height direction of the afforestation area. The leveling areas 2 all form a longitudinal gradient of 1.5% to 3%, and leveling slopes 3 are formed between adjacent leveling areas 2;

[0048] S2 is located at the top of the afforestation area 1 to dig a transverse intercepting ditch 4, and at the left and right sides of the afforestation area 1 to dig a longitudinal intercepting ditch 5, the longitudinal intercepting ditch 5 is connected to the transverse intercepting ditch 4, and the longitudinal intercepting ditch 5 has a width of 30-50 cm and a depth of 20-30 cm;

[0049] S3: Install a water collecting box 6 on the land preparation slope 3, select a number of self-priming ropes 8 with a thickness of 1 to 5 mm, and bury the self-priming ropes 8 side by side in the soil of the land preparation area 2 at intervals of 10 to 20 cm. After burying, the distance between the self-priming ropes 8 and the ground of the land preparation area 2 is 25 to 35 cm. After burying, the lower ends of all the self-priming ropes 8 extend into the bottom of the water collecting box 6 below.

[0050] S4: soil transformation is performed on the upper soil cover transformation layer of each whole area 2, the transformation layer includes an upper gravel layer and a lower mixed layer, the mixed layer is prepared by mixing a water retaining agent and soil in a volume ratio of 1:20, wherein the gravel layer has a thickness of 0.5 to 2 cm, and the mixed layer has a thickness of 25 to 35 cm;

[0051] S5: Drainage ditches 9 are dug at intervals on each whole area 2, and the lower opening of the drainage ditch 9 is connected with the water collection tank 10 above the water collection box 6. At the same time, branch ditches 7 are dug to connect the horizontal intercepting ditch 4 with the water collection box 6. The width of the branch ditch 7 is 20 to 30 cm to complete the implementation of water conservation and drought resistance.

[0052] The overall implementation steps of this method are simple and easy to implement. It can effectively collect and store rainwater, and can continuously and automatically slowly replenish water in the soil, thereby maintaining the basic moisture content of the soil for a long time. The subsequent water collection, storage, and replenishment are all completed automatically without the assistance of other equipment, which reduces energy consumption, carbon emissions, and water costs in the implementation of ecological restoration, and is suitable for large-scale promotion and application.

[0053] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the utility model in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only the specific implementation method of the utility model and is not used to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic rainwater collection and replenishment system suitable for drought-resistant afforestation on slopes in arid areas, comprising an afforestation area, wherein a plurality of land preparation areas are formed along the height direction of the afforestation area, and land preparation slopes are formed between adjacent land preparation areas, characterized in that: A transverse intercepting ditch is arranged above the land preparation slope at the top of the afforestation area, and longitudinal intercepting ditches are arranged on both sides of the afforestation area, the longitudinal intercepting ditches are connected with the transverse intercepting ditches, and the longitudinal intercepting ditches and the transverse intercepting ditches semi-enclose the afforestation area; A water collecting tank is arranged on the land preparation slope below each of the land preparation areas. Multiple water collecting tanks are arranged transversely along the land preparation area and are interconnected. The water collecting tanks on both sides are respectively connected to the longitudinal intercepting ditches on both sides through branch ditches. A plurality of self-priming ropes are also arranged in each water collecting box. The plurality of self-priming ropes are arranged side by side and extend into the soil inside the land preparation area above the land preparation slope where the water collecting box is located.

2. The automatic rainwater collection and replenishment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ground of each of the whole areas is provided with a plurality of water collecting ditches arranged at intervals, the water collecting ditches are arranged longitudinally and communicated with the water collecting tank.

3. The automatic rainwater collection and replenishment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each of the above-mentioned entire regions forms a longitudinal gradient of 1.5% to 3%.

4. The automatic rainwater collection and replenishment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water collecting box includes a closed box body, the upper end surface of the closed box body is an inclined surface, the lowest end of the upper end surface is in contact with the edge of the land leveling area above the land leveling slope where it is located, and a water collecting trough is formed at the lowest end of the upper end surface, and a plurality of water outlet funnels are spaced apart at the bottom of the water collecting trough, and the plurality of water outlet funnels are all connected to the interior of the closed box body.

5. The automatic rainwater collection and replenishment system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The water outlet funnel is provided with an upper and lower filter layer, the lower filter layer is a non-woven fabric layer or a gauze layer, and the upper filter layer is a coarse sand layer or a gravel layer.

6. The automatic rainwater collection and replenishment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-priming rope is a hemp rope, a cotton rope, a straw rope or a sponge stick.

7. The automatic rainwater collection and replenishment system according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The distance between the self-priming ropes is 10 to 20 cm, the thickness is 1 to 5 mm, and the distance between the self-priming ropes and the ground of the entire area is 25 to 35 cm.

8. The automatic rainwater collection and replenishment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Measured from top to bottom along the height direction of the afforestation area, the widths of all the branch ditches on any side gradually increase in sequence.

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