Coal-based needle coke production device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of chemical production of lithium battery cathode materials, and discloses a coal-based needle coke production device which comprises an asphalt storage tank, a heat exchanger, a coking reaction device and an oil product rectifying tower which are sequentially communicated through a pipeline, a valve and a pump, the coking reaction device comprises three coking reactors which are arranged in parallel; a tail gas outlet is formed in the top of the oil product rectifying tower and is communicated to a tail gas desulfurizing tower through a pipeline and a tail gas cooler, and the tail gas desulfurizing tower is communicated to a tail gas incinerator through a pipeline and a tail gas fan; two heavy oil outlets are formed in the middle part and the lower part of the oil product rectifying tower, the heavy oil outlets are respectively communicated to a heavy oil storage tank or a heavy oil reflux cooler through pipelines and pumps, and the heavy oil reflux cooler is communicated to a heavy oil reflux inlet formed in the upper part of the oil product rectifying tower through a pipeline. The device disclosed by the utility model is short in process flow, can be used for continuously and quickly producing, and can be used for effectively treating byproducts and three wastes, and the whole production process is safe and environment-friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of chemical production of lithium battery negative electrode materials, and specifically relates to a coal-based needle coke production device. Background Art

[0002] Needle coke can be used as the main raw material for high-end lithium-ion battery materials. It is a high-quality carbon material with a continuously increasing demand in recent years. Its surface has a good metallic luster. The internal layered structure is mainly fibrous under microscopic structure. After crushing, the particles are slender and regular needle-shaped. Coal-based needle coke is produced using coal-based soft asphalt as raw material. Impurities such as quinoline insolubles are removed to obtain refined asphalt with high purity β resin content. After high temperature and variable pressure coking process, needle coke, the main raw material for negative electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries, is obtained. Due to the good electrical and thermal conductivity, low impurity content, excellent electrical conductivity, and low thermal expansion coefficient of this product, it is widely used in digital, mobile phones, new energy vehicles, drones, energy storage and other lithium-ion battery industries, and the demand is also increasing.

[0003] In the prior art, the production of needle coke is mostly based on raw material pretreatment and delayed coking equipment, with complicated process steps, long flow and poor convenience. For example, the feed volume of the existing production equipment is generally around 500t, the yield is about 60%, and the single tower production cycle is 24 to 36h. The single tower output is large and the production parameters cannot be adjusted in time. In addition, due to factors such as the heating furnace tube, it is easy to cause problems such as coking of the furnace tube, affecting the stable operation of the device, low energy utilization, and ultimately leading to low production efficiency and unstable product quality. In addition, there are environmental problems such as incomplete exhaust gas treatment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a coal-based needle coke production device, which overcomes the defects of the prior art, has a short process flow, can produce continuously and quickly, and can effectively treat by-products and three wastes, and the entire production process is safe and environmentally friendly.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is:

[0006] A coal-based needle coke production device comprises an asphalt storage tank, a heat exchanger, a coking reaction device and an oil product distillation tower which are connected in sequence through pipelines, valves and pumps; the coking reaction device comprises three coking reactors arranged in parallel; a tail gas outlet is arranged at the top of the oil product distillation tower, the tail gas outlet is connected to a tail gas desulfurization tower through a pipeline and a tail gas cooler, and the tail gas desulfurization tower is connected to a tail gas incinerator through a pipeline and a tail gas fan; two heavy oil outlets are arranged at the middle and lower parts of the oil product distillation tower, the heavy oil outlets are connected to a heavy oil storage tank or a heavy oil reflux cooler through pipelines and pumps respectively, and the heavy oil reflux cooler is connected to a heavy oil reflux inlet arranged at the upper part of the oil product distillation tower through a pipeline; the valve, pump and tail gas fan are all electrically connected to an automatic control system.

[0007] Preferably, two asphalt storage tanks are arranged in parallel, each of which is provided with an agitator, a steam heating coil and a circulation pump, and the agitator and the circulation pump are electrically connected to an automatic control system, so as to ensure the continuity of material supply during production.

[0008] Preferably, the heat exchanger is an oil-gas / asphalt heat exchanger, and the heat exchange medium pipeline of the oil-gas / asphalt heat exchanger is respectively connected to the high-temperature oil-gas outlet at the top of the coking reactor and the oil-gas inlet at the bottom of the oil product distillation tower; the raw asphalt is heat-exchanged to 200°C by the high-temperature oil-gas generated by the coking reactor, thereby efficiently utilizing energy.

[0009] Preferably, the coking reactor comprises a feed inlet, an oil and gas outlet, a nitrogen / steam purge port (nitrogen and steam share a pipeline, which can provide nitrogen protection during the reaction and use low-temperature steam for cooling after the reaction), a remote thermometer and a remote pressure gauge arranged on the top of the reactor, and a castable / brick insulation layer is arranged on the bottom and the outer side of the side wall of the reactor; electric heating devices are respectively arranged on the upper, middle and lower parts of the side wall of the coking reactor to ensure uniform, stable and efficient heating; six reactor temperature measuring points are arranged on the side wall of the coking reactor in sequence from high to low, and are respectively provided with remote thermometers, which can truly reflect the reaction temperature at different positions and better control the heating power and the reaction progress. At the same time, the six temperature measuring points can serve as backup for each other to better calibrate the accuracy of temperature control; the remote thermometer, remote pressure gauge and electric heating device are all electrically connected to the automatic control system.

[0010] Furthermore, the interfaces of the feed inlet, oil and gas outlet, nitrogen / steam purge port, remote temperature gauge and remote pressure gauge are all provided with quick-release connectors.

[0011] Furthermore, the castable / brick insulation layer is made of castable and refractory bricks alternately, and can withstand a high temperature of 1500°C. The castable / brick insulation layer and the reactor temperature measuring point and the electric heating device are filled with refractory castable.

[0012] Preferably, a lifting device is arranged above the coking reactor to facilitate the lifting and transfer of the kettle cover and the kettle core.

[0013] Preferably, a needle coke outlet is provided at the bottom of the coking reactor, the needle coke outlet is connected to the feed port of the pulverizer through a pipeline, and the discharge port of the pulverizer is connected to the needle coke storage tank through a pipeline.

[0014] Preferably, the tail gas desulfurization tower is also provided with a desulfurization liquid circulation system, which includes a pipeline connected to the desulfurization liquid outlet at the bottom of the tail gas desulfurization tower and the desulfurization liquid inlet at the top of the tail gas desulfurization tower, and a desulfurization liquid circulation pump arranged on the pipeline.

[0015] Preferably, the automatic control system is a DCS automatic control system.

[0016] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] The asphalt storage tank of the utility model can meet the needs of continuous feeding. The electric heating, remote thermometer and remote pressure gauge of the coking reactor can monitor the temperature and pressure conditions of different parts in real time and adjust them in time to ensure production safety. The coking reactor adopts a parallel mode to ensure the continuity of production and increase production capacity. The exhaust gas is deeply treated by the cooler and the exhaust gas desulfurization tower and then sent to the exhaust gas incinerator for incineration through the induced draft fan, avoiding direct exhaust gas discharge, which is beneficial to environmental protection.

[0018] In short, the utility model has a short process flow, can carry out continuous and rapid production, and effectively treat by-products and three wastes, and the entire production process is safe and environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the coking reactor of the utility model;

[0021] In the figure, 1. asphalt storage tank; 2. heat exchanger; 3. coking reaction device; 4. oil distillation tower; 5. tail gas cooler; 6. tail gas desulfurization tower; 7. tail gas fan; 8. tail gas incinerator; 9. heavy oil storage tank; 10. heavy oil reflux cooler; 11. castable / brick insulation layer; 12. electric heating device; 13. crusher; 14. needle coke storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Embodiment 1:

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a coal-based needle coke production device comprises an asphalt storage tank 1, a heat exchanger 2, a coking reaction device 3 and an oil product distillation tower 4 which are connected in sequence through a pipeline (not marked), a valve (not marked) and a pump (not marked); the coking reaction device 3 comprises three coking reactors (not marked) arranged in parallel; a tail gas outlet (not marked) is arranged at the top of the oil product distillation tower 4, the tail gas outlet is connected to a tail gas desulfurization tower 6 through a pipeline and a tail gas cooler 5, and the tail gas desulfurization tower 6 is connected to a tail gas incinerator 8 through a pipeline and a tail gas fan 7; two heavy oil outlets (not marked) are arranged at the middle and lower parts of the oil product distillation tower 4, the heavy oil outlets are connected to a heavy oil storage tank 9 or a heavy oil reflux cooler 10 through a pipeline and a pump respectively, and the heavy oil reflux cooler 10 is connected to a heavy oil reflux inlet (not marked) arranged at the upper part of the oil product distillation tower 4 through a pipeline; the valve, the pump and the tail gas fan 7 are all electrically connected to an automatic control system (not marked).

[0025] The coking reactor includes a feed inlet (not marked), an oil and gas outlet (not marked), a nitrogen / steam purge port (not marked), a remote thermometer (not marked) and a remote pressure gauge (not marked) arranged at the top of the reactor, and a castable / brick insulation layer 11 is provided on the bottom and the outer side of the side wall of the reactor; electric heating devices 12 are respectively provided on the upper, middle and lower parts of the side wall of the coking reactor; six reactor temperature measuring points (not marked) are arranged on the side wall of the coking reactor in sequence from high to low, and are respectively provided with remote thermometers; the remote thermometer, remote pressure gauge and electric heating device 12 are all electrically connected to the automatic control system.

[0026] A needle coke outlet (not shown) is provided at the bottom of the coking reactor, and the needle coke outlet is connected to the feed port of the pulverizer 13 through a pipeline, and the discharge port of the pulverizer is connected to the needle coke storage tank 14 through a pipeline.

[0027] In actual production, the raw asphalt is first transported to the coking reaction device 3 for heating. After heating, the high-temperature oil and gas generated are returned to the heat exchanger 2 to preheat the raw asphalt output from the asphalt storage tank 1, thereby reducing the energy consumption of production; the asphalt in the coking reaction device 3 reacts for 30 hours at a temperature of 500°C and a pressure of 0.3Mpa to generate high-temperature oil and gas and needle coke; the needle coke is crushed by a pulverizer 13 and then transported to the storage tank 14; the high-temperature oil and gas are first transported to the heat exchanger 2, and then transported to the oil product distillation tower 4 after heat exchange. The oil product distillation tower 4 separates the cooled oil and gas into tail gas and heavy oil. The tail gas is cooled by the tail gas cooler 5 and then transported to the tail gas desulfurization tower 6 for treatment, and then transported to the tail gas incinerator 8 through the tail gas fan 7 for combustion and discharge; the heavy oil is circulated through the circulation pump and the heavy oil reflux cooler 10, and the heavy oil is transported to the heavy oil storage tank 9 for temporary storage at an appropriate time.

[0028] It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

Claims

1. A coal-based needle coke production device, characterized in that: It includes an asphalt storage tank, a heat exchanger, a coking reaction device and an oil product distillation tower which are connected in sequence through pipelines, valves and pumps; the coking reaction device includes three coking reactors arranged in parallel; a tail gas outlet is provided at the top of the oil product distillation tower, the tail gas outlet is connected to the tail gas desulfurization tower through a pipeline and a tail gas cooler, and the tail gas desulfurization tower is connected to the tail gas incinerator through a pipeline and a tail gas fan; two heavy oil outlets are provided in the middle and lower parts of the oil product distillation tower, the heavy oil outlets are connected to the heavy oil storage tank or the heavy oil reflux cooler through pipelines and pumps respectively, and the heavy oil reflux cooler is connected to the heavy oil reflux inlet arranged on the upper part of the oil product distillation tower through a pipeline; the valve, pump and tail gas fan are all electrically connected to the automatic control system.

2. The coal-based needle coke production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two asphalt storage tanks are arranged in parallel.

3. The coal-based needle coke production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger is an oil-gas / asphalt heat exchanger, and the heat exchange medium pipeline of the oil-gas / asphalt heat exchanger is respectively connected to the high-temperature oil-gas outlet at the top of the coking reactor and the oil-gas inlet at the bottom of the oil product distillation tower.

4. The coal-based needle coke production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coking reactor comprises a feed inlet, an oil and gas outlet, a nitrogen / steam purge port, a remote thermometer and a remote pressure gauge arranged on the top of the reactor; a castable / brick insulation layer is arranged on the bottom and the outer side of the side wall of the reactor; electric heating devices are respectively arranged on the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the side wall of the coking reactor; six reactor temperature measuring points are arranged in sequence from high to low on the side wall of the coking reactor, and are respectively provided with remote thermometers; the remote thermometer, the remote pressure gauge and the electric heating device are all electrically connected to an automatic control system.

5. The coal-based needle coke production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting device is arranged above the coking reactor.

6. The coal-based needle coke production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A needle coke outlet is provided at the bottom of the coking reactor.

7. The coal-based needle coke production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail gas desulfurization tower is also provided with a desulfurization liquid circulation system.

8. The coal-based needle coke production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic control system is a DCS automatic control system.

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