Ventilation system of subway shield tunnel

Abstract

The utility model discloses a ventilation system of a subway shield tunnel, which belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering ventilation and comprises a ventilation duct arranged at the top of the tunnel and extending longitudinally, and at least one end of the ventilation duct is connected with ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment. The ventilation and smoke exhaust requirements of the interval tunnel are met in a semi-transverse ventilation mode formed by the ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment, the ventilation duct and the multiple air supply outlets formed in the bottom of the ventilation duct. According to the ventilation system of the subway shield tunnel, ventilation and smoke exhaust of a special interval tunnel with limited arrangement of the middle air shaft are achieved through a simple structure, the safety of train operation when a fire occurs in the tunnel interval is improved, construction is easy and convenient, and the construction cost of the interval tunnel ventilation system is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering ventilation, and in particular relates to a ventilation system for a subway shield tunnel. Background Art

[0002] A ventilation system is often installed in subway tunnels to ensure the air quality in the tunnel when the subway is in operation. Ventilation in subway tunnels mainly relies on natural ventilation and fan-assisted ventilation.

[0003] When the length of the subway line section tunnel is long, so long that there are two or more trains running in the same direction in the same section tunnel during normal operation, according to the relevant provisions of the "Metro Design Fire Protection Standard" (GB51298-2018), at this time, an intermediate air shaft directly protruding from the ground must be added at an appropriate position in the section tunnel to ensure that when a fire occurs in the tunnel and the smoke exhaust mode is activated, the non-fire train can be in a smoke-free area. However, when the subway tunnel passes through special areas such as rivers, lakes and airport flight areas, if the traditional solution of setting up the intermediate air shaft is still adopted, when the tunnel passes through rivers, lakes, and lakes, it is necessary to set up an artificial island on the water surface to meet the construction conditions of the intermediate air shaft. This solution has many disadvantages such as high construction difficulty, high construction cost, high coordination difficulty, and high safety hazards. It is not even feasible for some projects; when the tunnel passes through the airport flight area, the protruding intermediate air shaft will directly threaten the safe operation of the airport, and the solution is completely unfeasible. Therefore, it is very necessary to propose a new subway tunnel ventilation system to solve the above technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] In response to one or more of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the utility model provides a ventilation system for a subway shield tunnel, which can realize ventilation and smoke exhaust in special section tunnels with restricted intermediate air shaft settings with a simple structure, thereby greatly reducing the engineering cost of the section tunnel ventilation system.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a ventilation system for a subway shield tunnel, which is used for an interval tunnel with a limited intermediate air shaft, including a ventilation duct extending longitudinally at the top of the tunnel, and at least one end of the ventilation duct is connected to a ventilation and smoke exhaust device outside the interval tunnel.

[0006] As a further improvement of the utility model, a plurality of openable and closable air supply outlets are arranged longitudinally at the bottom of the ventilation duct, the distance between adjacent air supply outlets does not exceed 60m, and the distance between the air supply outlets adjacent to the ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment and the ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment does not exceed 60m.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first ventilation channel is a channel surrounded by a bottom plate extending longitudinally and a tunnel top.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the bottom plate is integrally cast with the tunnel lining, or the bottom plate is a prefabricated plate that can be installed in a reserved position in the tunnel.

[0009] As a further improvement of the utility model, columns fixedly connected to the top of the tunnel are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction on the bottom plate.

[0010] As a further improvement of the utility model, all the air outlets are equipped with air valves, which can adjust the air volume of any air outlet;

[0011] and / or,

[0012] The plurality of air supply openings are evenly distributed at the bottom of the ventilation duct along the longitudinal direction.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​the ventilation duct is 10% to 20% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment is arranged in a station adjacent to the section tunnel.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the subway shield tunnel is a single-hole double-track shield tunnel, and a plurality of openable and closable air supply openings are provided longitudinally above the two carriageways.

[0016] As a further improvement of the utility model, a partition extending in the longitudinal direction is arranged in the middle of the ventilation duct to separate it into two lanes, and the air supply ports above the two lanes are ventilated and exhaust smoke through the corresponding lanes respectively.

[0017] The above-mentioned improved technical features can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0018] In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions conceived by the utility model have the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The ventilation system of a subway shield tunnel of the utility model comprises a ventilation duct extending longitudinally at the top of the tunnel, at least one end of which is connected to a ventilation and smoke exhaust device. A semi-transverse ventilation mode is formed by the ventilation and smoke exhaust device, the ventilation duct and a plurality of air supply ports arranged at the bottom of the ventilation duct to meet the ventilation and smoke exhaust requirements of the section tunnel. The ventilation and smoke exhaust of special section tunnels with limited intermediate air shafts is realized with a simple structure, thereby greatly reducing the engineering cost of the ventilation system of the section tunnel.

[0020] (2) The ventilation system of the subway shield tunnel of the utility model limits the distance between adjacent air supply outlets and the distance between the ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment and adjacent air supply outlets to no more than 60 m, thereby ensuring that when a fire occurs in the section tunnel, the distance between the smoke exhaust point and the nearest air supply outlet is no more than 30 m, thereby improving the smoke exhaust efficiency of the section tunnel and promptly exhausting the smoke from the fire point out of the section tunnel to avoid affecting the normal operation of trains in the section tunnel.

[0021] (3) The ventilation system of the subway shield tunnel of the utility model improves the stability of the connection between the bottom plate of the ventilation duct and the tunnel by means of columns that are arranged on the bottom plate at longitudinal intervals and are fixedly connected to the top of the tunnel. In addition, by setting the subway shield tunnel as a single-hole double-track shield tunnel and providing air supply ports above both carriageways, the two carriageways can share the ventilation duct for ventilation and smoke exhaust respectively, thereby improving the economy of setting the ventilation duct.

[0022] (4) The ventilation system of the subway shield tunnel of the utility model limits the cross-sectional area of ​​the ventilation duct to 10% to 20% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel, so as to ensure that the ventilation duct can meet the air flow transmission speed during ventilation and smoke exhaust, and can also avoid occupying too much tunnel space and affecting the running space of trains.

[0023] (5) The ventilation system of the subway shield tunnel of the utility model has a simple structure and is easy to construct. It is connected to the station ventilation systems at both ends of the ventilation duct section tunnel, and multiple air supply outlets are arranged at the bottom of the ventilation duct to meet the ventilation and smoke exhaust needs of the section tunnel with restricted intermediate air shaft settings, thereby improving the safety of train operation when a fire occurs in the tunnel section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tunnel ventilation system in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 is a top view of the ventilation duct in some embodiments of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel cross section in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 is a top view of the ventilation duct in some other embodiments of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5is a top view of the ventilation duct in other embodiments of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of tunnel ventilation in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0031] In all the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same technical features, specifically:

[0032] 1. Tunnel; 2. Ventilation duct; 21. Air supply outlet; 3. Rail top heat exhaust duct; 4. Rail bottom heat exhaust duct; 5. Electric multi-leaf regulating valve; 6. Electric combination air valve; 7. Manual smoke exhaust fire damper; 8. Manual smoke exhaust fire damper; 9. Piston / mechanical air shaft; 10. Exhaust shaft; 11. Muffler; 12. Tunnel fan; 13. Station heat exhaust fan; 14. Piston air duct; 15. Mechanical air duct; 16. Exhaust duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model. In addition, the technical features involved in each embodiment of the utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0035] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0036] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0038] Example:

[0039] See also Figure 1 to Figure 6 The ventilation system of the subway shield tunnel in the preferred embodiment of the utility model is used for the interval tunnel with limited intermediate air shaft, and includes a ventilation duct 2 arranged at the top of the tunnel and extending in the longitudinal direction. Among them, at least one end of the ventilation duct 2 is connected to the ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment outside the interval tunnel, and a plurality of air supply ports 21 are arranged in the longitudinal direction at the bottom of the ventilation duct 2.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the interval tunnels with restricted ventilation shafts include but are not limited to: interval tunnels crossing special areas such as rivers, lakes, airport flight zones, etc. Preferably, the length of the interval tunnel is long enough for two or more trains to run together in the same interval tunnel during normal operation.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, when a fire occurs in a tunnel, the air supply vents 21 near the fire point can be opened, and at the same time, the ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment outside the section tunnel can be turned on to extract air, so that the smoke enters the ventilation duct 2 through the nearest air supply vents 21 and is discharged out of the tunnel, and the smoke is discharged as quickly as possible to avoid affecting normal trains in the tunnel section.

[0042] Preferably, both ends of the ventilation duct 2 are connected to ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment outside the interval tunnel, so that smoke can be discharged to both ends, thereby improving the smoke exhaust efficiency.

[0043] Furthermore, the spacing between adjacent air outlets 21 is preferably not more than 60m, and the spacing between adjacent air outlets 21 of the station ventilation system and the station ventilation system is preferably not more than 60m. When a fire occurs in the tunnel, ensure that the position of the air outlet 21 is no more than 30m from the farthest horizontal distance from the smoke exhaust point, thereby shortening the flow distance of smoke in the section tunnel and improving the smoke exhaust efficiency of the section tunnel.

[0044] Preferably, the distance between adjacent air supply outlets 21 does not exceed 30 m, and the farthest horizontal distance between the air supply outlet 21 and the smoke exhaust point does not exceed 15 m, so as to further improve the smoke exhaust efficiency.

[0045] Preferably, a plurality of air outlets 21 are evenly distributed at the bottom of the ventilation duct 2 along the longitudinal direction. Figure 2 shown.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the ventilation passage 2 is a passage enclosed by a bottom plate extending longitudinally and arranged on the top of the tunnel and the top of the tunnel.

[0047] Specifically, the bottom plate is preferably a cast-in-place structure, which can be cast and formed integrally with the tunnel lining; in addition, the bottom plate is preferably a prefabricated plate, which can be installed in a reserved position in the tunnel.

[0048] Preferably, columns fixedly connected to the top of the tunnel are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction on the bottom plate to improve the stability of the connection between the bottom plate and the tunnel.

[0049] Further preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the ventilation duct 2 is 10% to 20% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel, wherein the cross-sectional area of ​​the ventilation duct 2 is set to be not less than 10% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel, to ensure that the ventilation duct 2 has sufficient space to transport air in and out of the tunnel 1, and to exhaust smoke and refresh the air inside the tunnel 1 in time when a fire occurs; at the same time, the cross-sectional area of ​​the ventilation duct 2 is set to be not more than 20% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel, so as to prevent the ventilation duct 2 from occupying too much tunnel space, resulting in insufficient space in the tunnel 1 for the train to travel.

[0050] Preferably, all air outlets 21 are preferably provided with air valves, through which the opening and closing of the air outlets 21 can be controlled and the air volume of the air outlets 21 can be adjusted. Preferably, the air outlets 21 are usually configured as normally closed air outlets.

[0051] Specifically, the air valve is normally in a closed state, restricting the air flow through the air supply port 21 . When receiving an opening signal, the air valve opens, allowing air to flow through the air supply port 21 .

[0052] During actual operation, tunnel 1 is naturally ventilated by the airflow generated by the running train, and the air supply vents 21 are in the normally closed mode. When a fire occurs in the section tunnel, the air supply vents 21 near the fire point are opened for ventilation and smoke exhaust to prevent the smoke generated by the fire point from affecting the normal trains in the section tunnel. In addition, when the airflow in tunnel 1 is not smooth or the ventilation system needs to be inspected, the air supply vents 21 can also be opened for ventilation detection.

[0053] Preferably, the area of ​​the air outlet 21 needs to meet the flow rate and velocity of the air flow conveyed by the ventilation duct 2. The shape of the air outlet 21 can be set to be rectangular, circular, trapezoidal, etc. For example, the shape of the air outlet 21 is preferably set to be rectangular to facilitate on-site construction.

[0054] More preferably, if Figure 3 As shown, the subway shield tunnel is a single-hole double-track shield tunnel, and multiple air supply ports 21 are arranged longitudinally above the two carriageways, so that the two carriageways can share the ventilation duct 2 for ventilation and smoke exhaust respectively, so as to improve the economy of setting the ventilation duct 2.

[0055] Furthermore, the ventilation duct 2 is preferably provided with a partition extending in the longitudinal direction to separate it into two lanes, and the air supply ports above the two lanes ventilate and exhaust smoke through the corresponding lanes respectively to avoid mutual influence when a fire occurs in the two lanes and smoke exhaust is required.

[0056] Preferably, the air outlets 21 above the two lanes can be arranged in parallel, such as Figure 4 As shown, it can also be staggered, such as Figure 5 As shown, the plurality of air supply openings 21 are preferably evenly spaced above the two lanes, and the intervals between the air supply openings 21 above the two lanes are consistent.

[0057] Preferably, ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment can be installed in stations at both ends of the section tunnel.

[0058] Specifically, the station A and / or the station B at both ends of the interval tunnel of the utility model are provided with a station ventilation system, and the station ventilation system preferably includes a rail top heat exhaust air duct 3, a rail bottom heat exhaust air duct 4, an electric multi-leaf regulating valve 5, an electric combination air valve 6, a manual smoke exhaust fire damper 7, a manual smoke exhaust fire damper 8, a piston / mechanical air shaft 9, an exhaust shaft 10, a muffler 11, a tunnel fan 12, a station heat exhaust fan 13, a piston air duct 14, a mechanical air duct 15, an exhaust duct 16 and other ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment, such as Figure 6 shown.

[0059] Preferably, the first air shaft 200 is provided with ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment such as air valves, piston / mechanical air shafts 9, mufflers 11, tunnel fans 12, piston air ducts 14, mechanical air ducts 15, and exhaust ducts 16. Figure 6 shown.

[0060] Furthermore, both ends of the ventilation duct 2 are connected to the ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment in the ventilation systems of stations A and B respectively. The tunnel ventilation facilities equipped in stations A and B and the ventilation duct 2 and air outlet 21 in the interval tunnel form a semi-transverse ventilation method to meet the smoke exhaust needs of the interval tunnel.

[0061] The ventilation system of the subway shield tunnel of the utility model is provided with a ventilation duct 2 extending longitudinally at the top of the tunnel, and at least one end of the ventilation duct 2 is connected to the ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment. The ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment, the ventilation duct 2 and a plurality of air supply ports 21 arranged at the bottom of the ventilation duct form a semi-transverse ventilation mode to meet the ventilation and smoke exhaust needs of the interval tunnel. The spacing between adjacent air supply ports 21 and the spacing between the station ventilation system and the adjacent air supply ports 21 are further limited to no more than 60m, so as to ensure that when a fire occurs in the interval tunnel, the distance between the smoke exhaust point and the nearest air supply port is no more than 30m, and the smoke from the fire point is discharged from the interval tunnel in time to avoid affecting the normal trains in the interval tunnel. The ventilation system of the subway shield tunnel of the utility model can meet the ventilation and smoke exhaust needs of the interval tunnel with restricted intermediate air shaft settings, improve the safety of train operation when a fire occurs in the tunnel section, have a simple structure, and are easy to construct, which greatly reduces the engineering cost of the ventilation system of the interval tunnel.

[0062] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation system for a subway shield tunnel, used in an interval tunnel with limited intermediate ventilation shafts, characterized in that: It comprises a ventilation duct which is arranged at the top of the tunnel and extends longitudinally, wherein at least one end of the ventilation duct is connected to the ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment outside the interval tunnel, and a plurality of openable and closable air supply ports are arranged at the bottom of the ventilation duct along the longitudinal direction.

2. The ventilation system for a subway shield tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between adjacent air supply outlets shall not exceed 60m, and the distance between the air supply outlet adjacent to the ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment and the ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment shall not exceed 60m.

3. The ventilation system for a subway shield tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ventilation channel is a channel surrounded by a bottom plate extending in the longitudinal direction and a tunnel top.

4. The ventilation system for a subway shield tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom plate is integrally cast with the tunnel lining, or the bottom plate is a prefabricated plate that can be installed in a reserved position in the tunnel.

5. The ventilation system for a subway shield tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: Columns fixedly connected to the top of the tunnel are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction on the bottom plate.

6. The ventilation system for a subway shield tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: All the air outlets are equipped with air valves to adjust the air volume at any air outlet; and / or, The plurality of air supply openings are evenly distributed at the bottom of the ventilation duct along the longitudinal direction.

7. The ventilation system for a subway shield tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the ventilation duct is 10% to 20% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel.

8. The ventilation system for a subway shield tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment is arranged in a station adjacent to the section tunnel.

9. The ventilation system for a subway shield tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The subway shield tunnel is a single-hole double-track shield tunnel, and a plurality of openable and closable air supply openings are arranged longitudinally above the two carriageways.

10. The ventilation system for a subway shield tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that: A partition extending in the longitudinal direction is arranged in the middle of the ventilation duct to divide it into two lanes, and the air supply ports above the two lanes are ventilated and smoke is exhausted through the corresponding lanes respectively.

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