Multi-chamber incineration device for high-nitrogen waste treatment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-chamber incineration device for high-nitrogen waste treatment, and belongs to the technical field of high-nitrogen waste treatment. Comprising a primary combustion chamber, a first low-nitrogen combustor is arranged above the primary combustion chamber, a high-nitrogen material inlet is formed in the side wall of the primary combustion chamber, the other side of the primary combustion chamber is connected with a Venturi combustion chamber, the side wall of the Venturi combustion chamber is connected with a mixed combustion chamber, and a second low-nitrogen combustor is arranged on the lower side wall of the mixed combustion chamber. A smoke outlet is formed in the upper side wall of the mixed incineration chamber. The lean-burn zone and the rich-burn zone are controlled through the excess air coefficient, fuel nitrogen is converted into volatile molecular nitrogen as much as possible in the lean-burn zone and the rich-burn zone, and therefore the fuel nitrogen is promoted to be converted into molecular nitrogen under the condition of reducing atmosphere; by arranging the multi-chamber incineration device, the generation of fuel type NOX can be controlled from the source, and the investment and operation cost of SNCR and SCR in a subsequent tail gas treatment section is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of high-nitrogen waste treatment, and more specifically to a multi-chamber incineration device for high-nitrogen waste treatment. Background Art

[0002] The incineration device for high-nitrogen waste treatment is a device used to treat high-nitrogen waste, usually including components such as an incinerator, an exhaust gas treatment system, and a wastewater treatment system;

[0003] Conventional single-chamber direct-fired furnaces, according to the NOx generation mechanism, are closely related to factors such as the amount of NOx generated during the combustion of organic matter, the combustion method, the combustion temperature, the excess air coefficient, and the residence time of flue gas in the furnace. The nitrogen oxides generated during the combustion process are mainly NO and NO2, which are usually referred to as nitrogen oxides NOx. The main mechanisms for the generation of NOx by combustion are fuel type, thermal type, and rapid type. Among them, the rapid type NOx generation is very small and can be ignored. It is mainly necessary to control the generation of fuel type NOX;

[0004] A large number of experimental results show that the NO generated by the combustion of general fuels mainly comes from two aspects: one is the oxidation of nitrogen in the air used for combustion (combustion-supporting air); the other is the thermal decomposition and re-oxidation of nitrogen compounds contained in the fuel during the combustion process.

[0005] The conventional incineration process is a single-chamber direct-fired furnace. By setting an oxygen-supplementing wind belt on the furnace body, the excess air coefficient, that is, the excess oxygen rate (about 3%-15%), is controlled. In the actual operation process, although the fan can be controlled by frequency conversion and a proportional regulating valve is configured in front of each oxygen-supplementing wind belt, the oxygen content cannot be accurately controlled, that is, different combustion areas cannot match the actual excess oxygen rate. Therefore, in the actual operation process, although the overall excess oxygen rate displayed by the oxygen content meter meets the design and specification requirements, the conversion of organic nitrogen cannot be controlled at the source through the incineration method. The overall performance is that the NOx conversion rate increases with the increase of oxygen concentration. In most cases, the proportion of NOx generated after the combustion of organic nitrogen materials (in terms of NO2) can even reach 70%-100%; in order to ensure that NOx meets the emission requirements after the incineration of nitrogen-containing materials, the conventional incineration process can only add SNCR and SCR denitrification devices in the subsequent flue gas treatment section, and denitrification is carried out by reducing agent urea, ammonia water + catalyst. The investment and operating costs of this device are relatively high, and the overall return on investment is low. In view of this, we propose a multi-chamber incineration device for high-nitrogen waste treatment. Utility Model Content

[0006] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0007] The utility model aims to provide a multi-chamber incineration device for treating high-nitrogen wastes, so as to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology that more NOX is generated after the combustion of organic nitrogen materials, the investment and operating costs are relatively high, and the overall return on investment is low.

[0008] 2. Technical solution

[0009] A multi-chamber incineration device for treating high-nitrogen waste comprises a primary combustion chamber, a low-nitrogen burner 1 is arranged above the primary combustion chamber, a high-nitrogen material inlet is arranged on the side wall of the primary combustion chamber, a venturi combustion chamber is connected to the other side of the primary combustion chamber, a mixed incineration chamber is connected to the side wall of the venturi combustion chamber, a low-nitrogen burner 2 is arranged on the lower side wall of the mixed incineration chamber, and a smoke outlet is arranged on the upper side wall of the mixed incineration chamber.

[0010] Preferably, a first oxygen supplementation fan is arranged above the primary combustion chamber, and an output end of the first oxygen supplementation fan is connected to an oxygen supplementation wind belt 1.

[0011] Preferably, a second oxygen supplementation fan is provided on the top of the Venturi combustion chamber, and an output end of the second oxygen supplementation fan is connected to a second oxygen supplementation wind belt.

[0012] Preferably, a spoiler is provided inside the Venturi combustion chamber.

[0013] Preferably, a third oxygen-supplementing fan is arranged on the upper side of the mixed incineration chamber, and the output end of the third oxygen-supplementing fan is connected to a high-pressure oxygen-supplementing wind belt.

[0014] 3. Beneficial effects

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0016] The utility model controls the lean combustion zone and the rich combustion zone through the excess air coefficient (excess oxygen rate), so that the fuel nitrogen is converted into volatile N as much as possible therein, thereby promoting the conversion of the fuel nitrogen into molecular nitrogen (N2) under the condition of a reducing atmosphere; by setting a multi-chamber incineration device, the generation of fuel-type NOX can be controlled from the source, reducing the investment and operation costs of the subsequent exhaust gas treatment sections SNCR and SCR. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of an oxygen-supplementing air belt of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mixing combustion chamber of the utility model.

[0020] Explanation of the numbers in the figure: 1. Low-nitrogen burner 1; 2. High-nitrogen material inlet; 3. Primary combustion chamber; 4. Venturi combustion chamber; 5. Mixing combustion chamber; 6. Low-nitrogen burner 2; 7. Flue gas outlet; 8. Oxygen supply air belt 1; 9. Oxygen supply air belt 2; 10. Spoiler; 11. High-pressure oxygen supply air belt; 12. First oxygen supply fan; 13. Second oxygen supply fan; 14. Third oxygen supply fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0023] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "set / connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] See also Figure 1-3 ,The utility model provides a technical solution:

[0025] A multi-chamber incineration device for treating high-nitrogen wastes, comprising a primary combustion chamber 3, a low-nitrogen burner 1 is arranged above the primary combustion chamber 3, the output end of the low-nitrogen burner 1 runs through the interior of the primary combustion chamber 3, a high-nitrogen material inlet 2 is arranged on the side wall of the primary combustion chamber 3, and the nitrogen-containing organic waste to be treated enters the primary combustion chamber 3 through the high-nitrogen material inlet 2. The primary combustion chamber 3 is a decomposition zone, which is assisted by the low-nitrogen burner 1, and the overall temperature is controlled at 500-800°C, and the overoxygen rate is -10% to -5%, so that the primary combustion chamber 3 is in an oxygen-poor zone. At this time, the decomposition zone belongs to a fuel-rich working condition. Due to lack of oxygen, only part of the fuel is burned, and the fuel precipitates volatiles in the primary flame zone with low oxygen and flame temperature. On the one hand, the generation of NOx is reduced, and on the other hand, the fuel is combined with oxygen in nitrogen oxides to release nitrogen. At this time, the nitrogen exists in the oxygen-deficient environment to form N2, CO2 and H2O. The other side of the primary combustion chamber 3 is connected to a heating element. The interior of the primary combustion chamber 3 is connected to the interior of the Venturi combustion chamber 4, and the flue gas enters the Venturi combustion chamber 4. The Venturi combustion chamber 4 is a mixing zone with a temperature of 800-1000°C. While the flue gas velocity is reduced through the Venturi combustion chamber 4, the combustion temperature is further increased, and the residence time of the flue gas in the high temperature zone is increased. The side wall of the Venturi combustion chamber 4 is connected to a mixing combustion chamber 5, and the interior of the Venturi combustion chamber 4 is connected to the interior of the mixing combustion chamber 5. The mixed combustion chamber 5 is connected to the side wall of the Venturi combustion chamber 4. A low-nitrogen burner 6 is arranged on the lower side wall of the chamber 5, and the output end of the low-nitrogen burner 6 penetrates the side wall of the mixed incineration chamber 5 and extends to the internal space. A flue gas outlet 7 is arranged on the upper side wall of the mixed incineration chamber 5, and the flue gas enters the mixed incineration chamber 5. The mixed incineration chamber 5 is a burnout zone with a temperature ≥1100°C and a residence time ≥2S. Under the action of the low-nitrogen burner 6, the mixed incineration chamber 5 is in a lean fuel condition, so that the unburned CO and organic matter at the front end are completely burned and removed.

[0026] Specifically, in order to supplement oxygen when the high-nitrogen material inside the primary combustion chamber 3 is burned, a first oxygen supplement fan 12 is arranged above the primary combustion chamber 3, and the output end of the first oxygen supplement fan 12 is connected to an oxygen supplement wind belt 8, and the output end of the oxygen supplement wind belt 8 is connected to the interior of the primary combustion chamber 3.

[0027] It is worth noting that in order to further increase the combustion temperature inside the Venturi combustion chamber 4, a second oxygen supplementation fan 13 is arranged on the top of the Venturi combustion chamber 4, and the output end of the second oxygen supplementation fan 13 is connected to the oxygen supplementation wind belt 2 9, and the output end of the oxygen supplementation wind belt 2 9 is connected to the interior of the Venturi combustion chamber 4.

[0028] It is worth noting that, in order to reduce the flue gas velocity inside the venturi combustion chamber 4 and increase the residence time of the flue gas in the high temperature area, a spoiler 10 is arranged inside the venturi combustion chamber 4 .

[0029] In addition, in order to increase the mixed incineration chamber 5 to the oxygen-rich zone state, a third oxygen supplementation fan 14 is arranged on the upper side of the mixed incineration chamber 5, and the output end of the third oxygen supplementation fan 14 is connected to the high-pressure oxygen supplementation wind belt 11, and the output end of the high-pressure oxygen supplementation wind belt 11 is connected to the inside of the mixed incineration chamber 5.

[0030] The circuits, electronic components and modules involved in the present invention are all prior art and can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art. Needless to say, the content protected by the present invention does not involve improvements to the internal structure and method.

[0031] The device or equipment models involved in this article are as follows:

[0032] The models of the first oxygen supplementation fan 12, the second oxygen supplementation fan 13 and the third oxygen supplementation fan 14 are: GY2-18.

[0033] Working principle: When the device is required to work, the nitrogen-containing organic waste to be treated enters the primary combustion chamber 3 through the high-nitrogen material inlet 2. The primary combustion chamber 3 is a decomposition zone, which is assisted by a low-nitrogen burner 1. The overall temperature is controlled at 500-800°C, and the overoxygen rate is -10% to -5%, so that the primary combustion chamber 3 is in an oxygen-poor zone. At this time, the decomposition zone belongs to a fuel-rich condition. Due to lack of oxygen, only part of the fuel is burned. The fuel precipitates volatiles in the primary flame zone with low oxygen and flame temperature. On the one hand, the generation of NOx is reduced. On the other hand, the fuel combines with the oxygen in the nitrogen oxides to release nitrogen. At this time, the nitrogen exists in an oxygen-deficient environment to form N2, CO2 and H2O. The flue gas enters the Venturi combustion chamber 4, which is a mixing zone. The mixing zone The temperature is 800-1000°C. The spoiler 10 and the oxygen-supplementing wind belt 29 of the Venturi combustion chamber 4 reduce the flue gas flow rate while further increasing the combustion temperature and increasing the residence time of the flue gas in the high temperature zone. The flue gas enters the mixed combustion chamber 5, which is a burnout zone with a temperature ≥1100°C and a residence time ≥2S. Under the action of the low-nitrogen burner 26 and the high-pressure oxygen-supplementing wind belt 11, the oxygen excess rate of the mixed combustion chamber 5 is about 1%-3%. At this time, the mixed combustion chamber 5 is in the oxygen-rich zone, and the mixed combustion chamber 5 is in a lean fuel condition. On the one hand, the flue gas can be disturbed and mixed to make it rise in an S-shaped and vortex shape, thereby increasing the residence time of the flue gas in the high temperature zone. On the other hand, the temperature of the exhaust gas combustion is further increased, so that the unburned CO and organic matter at the front end are completely burned and removed.

[0034] The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the utility model to be protected. The scope of protection of the utility model is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-chamber incineration device for treating high-nitrogen waste, characterized in that: The invention comprises a primary combustion chamber (3), wherein a low-nitrogen burner 1 (1) is arranged above the primary combustion chamber (3), a high-nitrogen material inlet (2) is arranged on the side wall of the primary combustion chamber (3), a venturi combustion chamber (4) is connected to the other side of the primary combustion chamber (3), the side wall of the venturi combustion chamber (4) is connected to a mixed combustion chamber (5), a low-nitrogen burner 2 (6) is arranged on the lower side wall of the mixed combustion chamber (5), and a smoke outlet (7) is arranged on the upper side wall of the mixed combustion chamber (5).

2. The multi-chamber incineration device for treating high-nitrogen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first oxygen-supplementing fan (12) is arranged above the primary combustion chamber (3), and an output end of the first oxygen-supplementing fan (12) is connected to an oxygen-supplementing wind belt 1 (8).

3. The multi-chamber incineration device for treating high-nitrogen waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second oxygen-supplementing fan (13) is arranged on the top of the Venturi combustion chamber (4), and an output end of the second oxygen-supplementing fan (13) is connected to a second oxygen-supplementing wind belt (9).

4. The multi-chamber incineration device for treating high-nitrogen waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: A spoiler (10) is arranged inside the Venturi combustion chamber (4).

5. The multi-chamber incineration device for treating high-nitrogen waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third oxygen-supplementing fan (14) is arranged on the upper side of the mixed incineration chamber (5), and the output end of the third oxygen-supplementing fan (14) is connected to a high-pressure oxygen-supplementing wind belt (11).

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