Device capable of realizing orientation perforation and fracturing

Abstract

The utility model relates to a positioning pipe string, in particular to a device capable of realizing directional perforation and fracturing, which solves the problem that the existing positioning pipe string is blocked when being recycled, so that the mining safety is influenced. The slip comprises a slip body and a cone, the conical surface of the outer wall of the cone is matched with a first conical hole in the slip body, when downward force is applied to the cone by a setting tool, the cone moves downwards along the first conical hole, the slip body is expanded in the radial direction, and clamping teeth located on the outer wall of the slip body can be embedded into a sleeve to achieve setting; a second conical hole of the cone is matched with the plugging ball to realize sealing during hydraulic fracturing; an orientation key in the cone is matched with a first positioning groove of the guide gun and a second positioning groove of the perforating gun to realize orientation perforation; the whole device is made of a material which can be dissolved when encountering chloride ions, the whole device is automatically dissolved and does not need to be recycled when a compound containing the chloride ions is put into the casing pipe, clamping stagnation in the recycling process is prevented, and mining safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a positioning pipe string, in particular to a device capable of realizing azimuthally-positioned perforation and fracturing. Background Art

[0002] In the perforating operation of oil and gas field exploitation, the azimuth perforating technology can reduce the fracturing pressure, increase the critical pressure difference of sand production, and improve the flow efficiency of the fluid. In addition, the azimuth perforating technology also plays an important role in promoting the formation of fracture networks and expanding the drainage area of ​​oil reservoirs in volume fracturing. Therefore, it has been gradually promoted and used.

[0003] At present, the commonly used technology is to complete the cable-delivered azimuth-fixed perforation technology by three trips down the well. This technology first uses the cable to lower the positioning pipe string into the casing. After reaching the specified depth, the depth is checked. When the depth is correct, the positioning pipe string is sealed in the casing with gunpowder. When the sealing force reaches the set value, it is released. After the sealing is completed, the gyroscope is lowered into the well through the cable for azimuth measurement. After the azimuth measurement is completed, the gyroscope is recovered through the cable, and finally the azimuth-fixed perforating gun is lowered. After the perforation direction on the azimuth-fixed perforating gun and the positioning groove at the lower end of the positioning pipe string are adjusted to the required direction, the azimuth-fixed perforation operation is realized. After the azimuth-fixed perforation is completed, because the positioning pipe string is a hollow structure, a soluble ball is placed in the well. After the positioning pipe string is sealed, water can be added to the casing to pressurize it, and hydraulic fracturing can be achieved in the formation at the depth of the perforation. After the hydraulic fracturing is completed, oil and gas production can be carried out in the formation at this depth.

[0004] There is also a type of positioning pipe string that is a solid structure. When performing multi-stage and parallel oil production, these positioning pipe strings need to be ground off by the drill bit, which results in high operating costs and low efficiency.

[0005] After the oil and gas layer of a deep formation is mined, the above-mentioned device and method can be used directly to perform new perforation operations and fracturing in the next deep formation. This step-by-step upward mining is called multi-stage fracturing. In the past, when mining the next deep layer, it was necessary to recover the positioning pipe string of the previous level. However, during the recovery, because the positioning pipe string fits tightly with the inner wall of the casing, it is easy to get stuck, affecting mining safety. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to solve the problem that the existing positioning pipe string will be stuck during recovery, which affects the mining safety, and provide a device capable of realizing azimuthally fixed perforation and fracturing.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A device capable of realizing azimuth perforation and fracturing is arranged in a casing, and its special features are: it comprises a cone, a slip body, a shear sleeve, and a shear pin;

[0009] The slip body is a hollow structure, and a first tapered hole is opened in the axial direction inside the slip body, the large hole of the first tapered hole faces the top of the slip body, and a plurality of teeth are arranged on the outer wall of the slip body for embedding into the inner wall of the casing when setting;

[0010] The cone is a hollow structure, and its outer wall is provided with a conical surface matching with the first conical hole, and the conical surface of the cone is arranged in the first conical hole of the slip body; a second conical hole is opened axially in the cone, and the large hole of the second conical hole faces the top of the cone, and the second conical hole is used to cooperate with the blocking ball to achieve sealing; a straight hole is provided in the cone and at the bottom of the small hole of the second conical hole, and an orientation key is provided on the inner wall of the straight hole, which is used to match with the first positioning groove on the guide gun or the second positioning groove on the perforating gun;

[0011] The shear sleeve is a hollow structure and is connected to the bottom end of the slip body. A pin hole is radially arranged on the shear sleeve. The hollow structure of the shear sleeve is used to connect the lower end of the sealing tool, and the position of the pin hole corresponds to the shear hole at the lower end of the sealing tool. The shear pin is arranged in the pin hole and the corresponding shear hole for being sheared during sealing. The slip body, cone, teeth, shear sleeve, shear pin and orientation key are all made of materials soluble in chloride ions.

[0012] Furthermore, the slip body, cone, teeth, shear sleeve, shear pin and orientation key are all made of magnesium-aluminum alloy.

[0013] Furthermore, the top end of the orientation key is A-shaped or shuttle-shaped.

[0014] Furthermore, the top of the orientation key is A-shaped, and a rounded corner is arranged at the tip.

[0015] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided on the top surface of the cava body, the inner wall of the sealing ring abuts against the conical surface of the cone, and the outer wall abuts against the inner wall of the sleeve; the sealing ring is made of soluble rubber; a support ring is provided between the sealing ring and the cava body, the inner wall of the support ring abuts against the conical surface of the cone, and the outer wall abuts against the inner wall of the sleeve; the support ring is made of magnesium-aluminum alloy.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] (1) The utility model provides a device capable of achieving directional perforation and fracturing. The conical surface arranged on the outer wall of the cone cooperates with the first conical hole arranged inside the slip body. When the cone is subjected to a downward force by the sealing tool, the cone moves downward along the first conical hole, and the slip body is radially expanded. At this time, the teeth on the outer wall of the slip body will be embedded in the casing, fixing the position of the entire device and achieving sealing. The second conical hole opened axially in the cone is used to cooperate with the sealing ball to achieve sealing during hydraulic fracturing, and the small hole in the second conical hole is used to seal the slip body. A straight hole is arranged at the bottom of the hole, and an orientation key is arranged on the inner wall of the straight hole. The orientation key can cooperate with the first positioning groove on the guide gun and the second positioning groove on the perforating gun to realize orientation perforating. After the mining of a deep formation is completed, because the slip body, cone, teeth, shear sleeve, shear pin and orientation key are all made of materials soluble in chloride ions, compounds containing chloride ions, such as magnesium chloride or calcium chloride, are put into the casing, and the whole device dissolves by itself without recovery, thereby preventing jamming during the recovery process and ensuring mining safety.

[0018] (2) The utility model provides a device for achieving oriented perforating and fracturing. The top of the oriented key is designed to be A-shaped and the tip is chamfered. This can prevent the oriented key from hitting the first positioning groove or the second positioning groove. The oriented key can be more easily inserted into the first positioning groove or the second positioning groove through the rounded corners and the guiding effect of the A-shaped top.

[0019] (3) The utility model provides a device for achieving directional perforation and fracturing, which is provided with a sealing ring and a support ring. In this way, when hydraulic fracturing is performed, the sealing ring can ensure the overall sealing effect, and the support ring provides structural strength for the sealing ring to prevent the sealing ring from failing due to insufficient strength when the water pressure is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the device for realizing azimuth perforation and fracturing of the utility model in a set state;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the orientation key and the first positioning groove on the guide gun in the embodiment of the utility model (the shear sleeve and the shear pin are not shown);

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a pen tip orientation body in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cooperation between the second tapered hole and the sealing ball in the embodiment of the utility model (the shear sleeve and the shear pin are not shown).

[0024] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0025] 1-cone, 2-slip body, 21-positioning key; 3-grip, 4-shear sleeve, 5-shear pin, 6-sealing ring, 7-support ring, 8-guide head, 9-pen tip orientation body, 91-first positioning groove; 10-righting rod, 11-screw, 12-sealing ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 A device for achieving directional perforation and fracturing of the present invention comprises a slip body 2, which is a hollow structure, and a plurality of teeth 3 are arranged on its outer wall. A first conical hole is axially opened inside the slip body 2, and the large hole of the first conical hole faces the top of the slip body 2. A cone 1 is arranged in the first conical hole. The cone 1 is a hollow structure, and a conical surface matching the first conical hole is arranged on the outer wall of the cone 1. The conical surface of the cone 1 is arranged in the first conical hole of the slip body 2. With this matching method, when a sealing tool is used for sealing operation, the conical surface of the cone 1 will move downward along the first conical hole, and the slip body 2 will be radially expanded during the movement. When the slip body 2 is radially expanded, the teeth 3 on its outer wall will be firmly embedded in the inner wall of the casing, thereby fixing the entire device, that is, completing the sealing. The overall structure is simple and easy to operate.

[0028] In order to achieve the sealing, a sealing tool is also needed. In order to cooperate with the use of the sealing tool, a shear sleeve 4 is also connected to the bottom end of the cava body 2. The shear sleeve 4 is a hollow structure, and a pin hole is radially opened on the shear sleeve 4, and a shear pin 5 is inserted in the pin hole. The sealing tool comprises a pull rod and a push cylinder. A shear hole is radially opened at the bottom end of the pull rod. When the assembly is completed, the bottom end of the pull rod is located in the shear sleeve 4, and the shear pin 5 is located in the pin hole and the corresponding shear hole. An external threaded section is provided at the top of the pull rod, and the push cylinder is screwed on the external threaded section and the bottom of the push cylinder abuts against the top of the cone 1. The push cylinder rotates and moves downward, pushing the cone 1 to move downward along the first conical hole. During the movement, the cava body 2 is squeezed, and the entire cava body 2 is radially stretched, so that the tooth 3 is embedded in the inner wall of the casing. Finally, the pull rod will shear the shear pin 5 to complete the sealing. After the shear pin 5 is cut off, the sealing tool is no longer connected to the device and can be recovered through the cable.

[0029] In order to realize oriented perforating, the present invention adopts an orientation key 21 to realize it. A second conical hole is opened axially in the cone 1, and the large hole of the second conical hole faces the top of the cone 1. The second conical hole is used to cooperate with the sealing ball 12 to complete the sealing of the device during hydraulic fracturing. A straight hole is provided at the bottom of the small hole of the second conical hole, and an orientation key 21 is provided on the inner wall of the straight hole.

[0030] The orientation key 21 is used to cooperate with the first positioning groove 91 on the guide gun and the second positioning groove at the lower end of the perforating gun to achieve orientation-oriented perforating. In specific operation, when the entire device is set, the guide gun is lowered into the casing through a cable. The guide gun is connected to a gyroscope for determining the orientation. The guide gun includes a guide rod 8 and a pen tip orientation body 9 fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod 8. Figure 3 As shown, the pen tip orienting body 9 is a fountain pen tip structure with the pen tip facing downward, and a first positioning groove 91 matching the orientation key 21 is provided on the side wall opposite to the pen tip. During the lowering process of the guide gun, the guide rod 8 will pass through the center holes of the cone 1 and the cava body 2, guiding the pen tip orienting body 9 into the straight hole where the orientation key 21 is located. When the outer edge of the bottom end of the pen tip orienting body 9 touches the orientation key 21, its structure similar to that of a fountain pen tip will play a guiding role, guiding the orientation key 21 to be inserted into the first positioning groove 91.

[0031] In order to make it easier for the orientation key 21 to enter the first positioning groove, the top of the orientation key 21 is set to be A-shaped or shuttle-shaped, which can effectively prevent the first positioning groove 91 from hitting the orientation key 21. In this embodiment, the top of the orientation key 21 is set to be A-shaped, and the tip is provided with a rounded corner. When the edge of the first positioning groove 91 contacts the tip of the orientation key 21, it will slide down along the guidance of the rounded corner, thereby guiding the first positioning groove 91 to be stuck in the orientation key 21. The lower end of the perforating gun has the same structure as the pen tip orienting body 9, both of which are pen tip structures. The coordination process between the second positioning groove of the perforating gun and the orientation key 21 will not be repeated here.

[0032] If the guide gun swings left and right during the process of being lowered into the casing, it will affect the orientation key 21 from entering the first positioning groove 91. Therefore, two installation grooves are radially opened on the guide rod 8 located above the pen tip orientation body 9. The two installation grooves are located at different heights and perpendicular to each other. A straightening rod 10 is connected to each installation groove by a screw 11. The two ends of the straightening rod 10 are arranged close to the inner wall of the casing. When the straightening rod 10 is installed in the installation groove by the screw 11, the axis of the guide rod 8 is located in the radial mid-vertical plane of the straightening rod 10. In this way, the projection of the two straightening rods 10 in the vertical direction is a cross. If the guide rod 8 swings, the straightening rod 10 will immediately abut against the inner wall of the sleeve to limit its swing. The straightening rod 10 is made of rubber material, and it is elastically in contact with the inner wall of the sleeve, with low friction resistance.

[0033] Hydraulic fracturing is generally used for fracturing, which has very high requirements for the sealing of the entire well. If pressure relief occurs, it will affect the fracturing effect. Therefore, after setting the seal, the sealing of the entire device must be guaranteed. In order to further enhance the overall sealing effect of the device, a sealing ring 6 is set on the top surface of the slip body 2, and its inner wall abuts against the conical surface of the cone 1, and the outer wall abuts against the casing. When hydraulic fracturing is used, the water pressure in the casing is very large, and the strength of the sealing ring 6 itself is sometimes not enough to support such a huge water pressure. In order to improve the structural strength of the sealing ring, a support ring 7 is set between the sealing ring 6 and the slip body 2, and the inner wall of the support ring 7 abuts against the conical surface of the cone 1, and the outer wall abuts against the casing.

[0034] After the oil and gas production in a deep formation is completed, it is necessary to perform new perforation operations and fracturing in the formation above the deep formation, so that the multi-stage fracturing in the oil and gas well production can be completed step by step. In order to prevent accidents such as jamming when the device is recovered, the entire device is made of soluble materials, wherein the slip body 2, cone 1, jamming teeth 3, shear sleeve 4, shear pin 5, azimuth key 21, blocking ball 12 and support ring 7 are all made of materials that can dissolve when encountering chloride ions. In this embodiment, magnesium-aluminum alloy is used to make the above components, and the sealing ring 6 needs to be ductile, so it is made of soluble rubber material. When the oil and gas production in the deep formation is completed, a compound containing chloride ions, such as magnesium chloride or calcium chloride, is put into the casing, and the entire device will dissolve by itself, without the need for recovery, and there will be no risk of recovery jamming.

[0035] When in use, the following steps are generally included:

[0036] S1: After the cable is connected to the magnetic locator and the setting tool is connected to the device, the setting tool is connected below the magnetic locator, and the magnetic locator, the setting tool and the device are lowered into the casing through the cable, the depth is detected by the magnetic locator, and the orientation key 21 is directed to the set orientation when lowering into the casing;

[0037] S2: When the magnetic locator detects that it has reached the specified depth, the device is sealed using a sealing tool;

[0038] S3: Recover the setting tool and magnetic locator through the cable;

[0039] S4: Install the gyroscope on the guide gun, lower the gyroscope and the guide gun into the casing through the cable, and make the orientation key 21 snap into the first positioning groove 91 on the guide gun;

[0040] S5: Detect the current position through the gyroscope. If the current position is the same as the set position, execute step S7; if not, execute step S6;

[0041] S6: Rotate the guide gun, thereby driving the orientation key 21 to rotate together, and detect the orientation through the gyroscope, so that the orientation key 21 is aligned with the set orientation;

[0042] S7: fix the position of the orientation key 21 at this time, and retract the guide gun and the gyroscope through the cable;

[0043] S8: lowering the perforating gun into the casing through the cable, inserting the orientation key 21 into the second positioning groove at the lower end of the perforating gun, starting the perforating gun, and completing the orientation perforating;

[0044] S9: After the perforating gun is recovered through the cable, the sealing ball 12 is put into the casing, and the sealing ball 12 falls into the second tapered hole to achieve sealing;

[0045] S10: Add water and pressure into the casing to achieve hydraulic fracturing of the formation at that depth;

[0046] S11: After completing the acquisition of the formation at this depth, magnesium chloride or calcium chloride is added into the casing, and the device dissolves by itself to complete the directional perforation and fracturing.

[0047] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of the specific implementation methods of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device capable of achieving azimuth perforation and fracturing, arranged in a casing, characterized in that: It comprises a cone (1), a slip body (2), a shear sleeve (4), and a shear pin (5); The slip body (2) is a hollow structure, and a first tapered hole is opened in the axial direction inside the slip body, the large hole of the first tapered hole faces the top of the slip body (2), and a plurality of latch teeth (3) are arranged on the outer wall of the slip body (2) for embedding into the inner wall of the casing during setting; The cone (1) is a hollow structure, and its outer wall is provided with a conical surface that matches the first conical hole, and the conical surface of the cone (1) is arranged in the first conical hole of the slip body (2); a second conical hole is opened axially in the cone (1), and the large hole of the second conical hole faces the top of the cone (1), and the second conical hole is used to cooperate with the blocking ball (12) to achieve sealing; a straight hole is provided in the cone (1) and at the bottom of the small hole of the second conical hole, and an orientation key (21) is provided on the inner wall of the straight hole, which is used to match the first positioning groove (91) on the guide gun or the second positioning groove on the perforating gun; The shear sleeve (4) is a hollow structure and is connected to the bottom end of the slip body (2). A pin hole is radially arranged on the shear sleeve (4). The hollow structure of the shear sleeve (4) is used to connect the lower end of the sealing tool, and the position of the pin hole corresponds to the shear hole at the lower end of the sealing tool. The shear pin (5) is arranged in the pin hole and the corresponding shear hole to be sheared during sealing. The slip body (2), the cone (1), the tooth (3), the shear sleeve (4), the shear pin (5), and the orientation key (21) are all made of materials that are soluble in chloride ions.

2. The device capable of realizing azimuth perforation and fracturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slip body (2), cone (1), latch teeth (3), shear sleeve (4), shear pin (5), and orientation key (21) are all made of magnesium-aluminum alloy.

3. The device capable of realizing azimuth perforation and fracturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top end of the orientation key (21) is A-shaped or shuttle-shaped.

4. The device capable of achieving azimuth perforation and fracturing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top end of the orientation key (21) is in an A-shape, and a rounded corner is arranged at the tip end.

5. The device capable of realizing azimuth perforation and fracturing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A sealing ring (6) is arranged on the top surface of the slip body (2), the inner wall of the sealing ring (6) abuts against the conical surface of the cone (1), and the outer wall abuts against the inner wall of the sleeve; the sealing ring (6) is made of soluble rubber; a support ring (7) is arranged between the sealing ring (6) and the slip body (2), the inner wall of the support ring (7) abuts against the conical surface of the cone (1), and the outer wall abuts against the inner wall of the sleeve; the support ring (7) is made of magnesium-aluminum alloy.

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