Charging and discharging system of open winding motor and power device
By integrating the bridge arm circuit unit and transformer on the open winding motor of the electric vehicle, the charging and driving functions are achieved, and the problem of separate settings of the charging and driving systems of the electric vehicle is solved, reducing costs and simplifying maintenance, and meeting different voltage platforms charging demand.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421102130.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-20
AI Technical Summary
The separate configuration of charging and driving systems of electric vehicles leads to high production costs, increased maintenance complexity, and it is difficult to meet the charging needs of different voltage platforms.
The charging and discharging system of the open winding motor is adopted. By integrating the bridge arm circuit unit and the transformer on the motor, compatible charging and driving functions are achieved, eliminating a separate charging unit to meet the charging needs of different voltage platforms.
It improves the degree of system integration, reduces production and maintenance costs, simplifies maintenance processes, and can meet the charging needs of different voltage platforms.
Smart Images
Figure CN222301654U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model mainly relates to the technical field of electric energy, in particular to a charging and discharging system and a power device of an open-winding motor. Background Art
[0002] An electric vehicle is a vehicle that is powered by electricity. Its working principle is to store electrical energy in a battery pack, and then convert the electrical energy into mechanical energy through components such as controllers and motors to drive the vehicle. In recent years, with the improvement of environmental awareness and the advancement of science and technology, electric vehicles have developed rapidly. The mileage of electric vehicles continues to increase, and charging facilities are becoming more and more complete, making the use of electric vehicles more and more extensive. At the same time, the intelligence level of electric vehicles is also constantly improving. For example, the application of technologies such as automatic driving and vehicle networking makes the driving experience of electric vehicles more convenient and safer.
[0003] Traditional electric vehicle architecture includes an on-board charging unit and an electric drive unit for AC charging, as well as other key components, which together form a complete system. The on-board charging unit is an important component of electric vehicles, responsible for converting AC power into DC power to charge the vehicle's battery pack. The on-board charging unit usually has an intelligent charging management function, which can automatically adjust the charging current and voltage according to the current state of the battery to ensure the safety and efficiency of the charging process. The electric drive unit is the power source of the electric vehicle and is mainly composed of an electric motor, a controller, and a transmission system. The electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to drive the vehicle forward, and the controller is responsible for receiving instructions from the vehicle and accurately controlling the electric motor to achieve functions such as acceleration, deceleration, and braking of the vehicle.
[0004] At present, the charging and driving of electric vehicles are set separately, which causes some disadvantages of electric vehicles. For example, the separate setting of the charging system and the driving system means that two independent systems and components are required, which will increase the production cost of the vehicle. The separate setting of the charging system and the driving system also requires ensuring good integration and coordination between the two. In addition, the separate setting of the charging system and the driving system may increase the complexity of vehicle maintenance, which may result in higher maintenance costs and more complicated maintenance processes for users. Utility Model Content
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a charging and discharging system and a power device for an open-winding motor. The system has a high degree of integration, eliminates the need for a separate charging unit, and can meet the charging needs of electric vehicles with different voltage platforms.
[0006] To solve the above technical problems, in the first aspect, the utility model provides a charging and discharging system for an open-winding motor, comprising a battery unit and an inverter unit connected to each other, wherein the inverter unit comprises a first converter and a second converter connected to both ends of the three-phase stator winding of the open-winding motor, and the first converter and the second converter are both three-phase three-bridge arm structures; a bridge arm circuit unit and a transformer are also provided, wherein the DC end of the bridge arm circuit unit is connected to the battery unit, the AC end of the bridge arm circuit unit is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer, and the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the AC power input.
[0007] Optionally, the bridge arm circuit unit is a series-connected switch tube or diode.
[0008] Optionally, the switch tube includes a BJT, an IGBT or a MOSFET.
[0009] Optionally, the transformer is an isolation transformer.
[0010] Optionally, the open-winding motor is an open-winding motor with a common DC bus topology structure.
[0011] Optionally, a switch is provided between the first converter and the second converter, and the bridge arm circuit unit is provided between the battery unit and the switch.
[0012] Optionally, the switch is a relay, a trigger or a power semiconductor switch.
[0013] In a second aspect, the utility model provides a power device, which adopts the charging and discharging system of the open-winding motor as described in the first aspect.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages: it adopts a design compatible with charging and driving, a bridge arm circuit unit and a transformer are arranged on the original driving component, the DC end of the bridge arm circuit unit is connected to the battery unit, the AC end of the bridge arm circuit unit is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer, and the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the AC power input, so the system has a high degree of integration, and the charging function and the driving function are realized in the same system, eliminating a separate charging unit, and can meet the charging needs of trams with different voltage platforms. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present application. They are included and constitute a part of the present application. The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the present application and together with the present specification serve to explain the principles of the present application. In the accompanying drawings:
[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the topological structure of the charging and discharging system of the open-winding motor of the utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the charging and discharging system of the open-winding motor of the utility model when it is in the driving mode;
[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the charging and discharging system of the open-winding motor of the utility model when it is in the AC charging mode;
[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the charging and discharging system of the open-winding motor of the utility model when it is in a DC charging mode;
[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the charging and discharging system of the open winding motor of the utility model when it is in the AC charging mode Figure 1 ;
[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the charging and discharging system of the open winding motor of the utility model when it is in the AC charging mode Figure 2 ;
[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the charging and discharging system of the open winding motor of the utility model when it is in the AC charging mode Figure 3 ;
[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the charging and discharging system of the open winding motor of the utility model when it is in the AC charging mode Figure 4 ;
[0024] Fig. 9 It is another charging mode schematic diagram of the charging and discharging system of the open-winding motor of the utility model;
[0025] Fig.10 This is another topological structure schematic diagram of the charging and discharging system of the open-winding motor of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some examples or embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, the present application can also be applied to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without creative work. Unless it is obvious from the language environment or otherwise explained, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation.
[0027] As shown in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "a", "an", "an" and / or "the" do not refer to the singular and may also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "include" and "comprise" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements that have been clearly identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements.
[0028] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the application. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.
[0029] It should be understood that when a component is referred to as being "on another component," "connected to another component," "coupled to another component," or "contacting another component," it may be directly on, connected to, coupled to, or contacting the other component, or there may be intervening components. In contrast, when a component is referred to as being "directly on another component," "directly connected to," "directly coupled to," or "directly contacting" another component, there are no intervening components. Similarly, when a first component is referred to as being "electrically in contact with" or "electrically coupled to" a second component, there is an electrical path between the first component and the second component that allows current to flow. The electrical path may include capacitors, coupled inductors, and / or other components that allow current to flow, even without direct contact between conductive components.
[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the topological structure of the charging and discharging system of the open-winding motor of the utility model. Figure 1 As shown, Block 1 and Block 2 in the figure are components of the charging and discharging system of this embodiment, wherein Block 1 is a battery unit, Block 2 is an inverter unit, and Block 3 and Block 4 in the figure represent external charging stations, wherein Block 3 is an AC charging subunit or a power grid, and Block 4 is a DC charging subunit.
[0031] refer to Figure 1As shown, the charging and discharging system provided in this embodiment includes a battery unit and an inverter unit connected to each other, wherein the inverter unit includes a first converter and a second converter connected to both ends of the three-phase stator winding of the open-winding motor, and the first converter and the second converter are both three-phase three-bridge arm structures. In the figure, the first converter includes switch tubes Q1 to Q6, and the second converter includes switch tubes Q7 to Q12, and a bridge arm circuit unit and a transformer are also provided. The bridge arm circuit unit is a switch tube Q13 and a switch tube Q14 shown in the figure, the DC end of the bridge arm circuit unit is connected to the battery unit, the AC end of the bridge arm circuit unit is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer Tr1, and the primary winding of the transformer Tr1 is connected to the AC input.
[0032] The open-winding motor is a special motor structure that opens the neutral point of the three-phase stator winding of a traditional AC motor to form a motor with six terminal structures. This motor structure gives the open-winding motor the advantages of high DC voltage utilization, better fault tolerance, multi-level modulation, and high torque density. Even so, its charging function module and drive function module are set separately, which requires more space to accommodate the two systems, limiting the flexibility of electric vehicle design.
[0033] In the charging and discharging system of this embodiment, a bridge arm circuit unit and a transformer are arranged on the original driving component of the open winding motor, the DC end of the bridge arm circuit unit is connected to the battery unit, the AC end of the bridge arm circuit unit is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer, and the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the AC input. The charging and discharging system integrates the charging function in the electric drive, and can work in the driving mode or the charging mode, including the AC charging mode.
[0034] In one example, the open-winding motor is an open-winding motor in a common DC bus topology structure.
[0035] From the perspective of power supply, the open-winding motor with a common DC bus topology only requires one DC source for power supply. Its advantage is that the system has higher voltage utilization and better output characteristics in the high speed range of the motor.
[0036] In one example, a switch is provided between the first converter and the second converter, and the bridge arm circuit unit is provided between the battery unit and the switch. Figure 1 As shown, a switch S4 is provided between the first converter and the second converter, and the bridge arm circuit unit is provided between the battery unit and the switch S4, that is, the bridge arm unit circuit is close to the battery unit side.
[0037] In one example, the switch is a relay, a trigger, or a power semiconductor switch. A relay has an input circuit and an output circuit and is used in automatic control circuits. It is an automatic switch that uses a smaller current to control a larger current. It plays the role of automatic regulation, safety protection, and circuit conversion in the circuit. A trigger is an electronic switch used to store and switch circuit states. In a trigger switch, this switching function is used to control the on and off of the circuit.
[0038] The system of this embodiment can work in the following modes, including driving mode, DC charging mode, G2V (AC charging) mode and V2G mode. The details are as follows (for switches, ON means closed, OFF means disconnected; for switch tubes, ON means turned on, OFF means cut off):
[0039] In the drive mode, the states of each component are S1 ON, Q13 and Q14 OFF. Furthermore, in the economy mode, the states of each component are S1 ON for battery unit connection, S4 OFF, Q7, Q9 and Q11 ON, Q8, Q10 and Q12 OFF, at which time the three-phase winding of the motor forms a Y-type connection, Q13 and Q14 OFF, Q1 to Q6 operate as a general three-phase inverter connected to the Y-type motor, as a space vector PWM, etc. In the power mode, the states of each component are S1 ON, S4 ON, Q13 and Q14 OFF, and Q1 to Q12 operate as a six-pin three-phase inverter connected to an open motor, as a space vector PWM, etc.
[0040] In DC charging mode, the status of each component is S1 ON, S2 OFF, S3 ON, S4 On or Off (depending on the voltage level of the DC charging device). Figure 4 As shown, during direct charging, S1ON is used for battery cell connection, S3ON indicates DC charger connection, at this time, the DC charging station can meet the voltage level of the electric vehicle battery, Q13ON, and the solid black line in the figure indicates the charging current. During boost charging, the DC charging station is lower than the battery voltage level of the electric vehicle, S1ON is used for battery cell connection, S3ON indicates DC charger connection, S4OFF, Q7, Q9 and Q11ON, Q13, Q14OFF, Q1 / Q2, Q3 / Q4, Q5 / Q6 can work in synchronous PWM mode or interleaved mode, at this time the current is marked with a dotted line. The transformer Tr1 winding acts as a series inductor during boost charging, which can reduce current ripple, EM torque ripple and power loss.
[0041] In G2V (AC charging) mode, the status of each component is S1 ON, S2 ON, S3 OFF, S4OFF.
[0042] In V2G mode, the status of each component is S1 ON, S2 ON, S3 OFF, S4 OFF.
[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the charging and discharging system of the open-winding motor of the utility model in the AC charging mode, refer to Figure 3 As shown, in G2V mode / V2G mode, S1 is ON for battery unit connection, S2 is ON for AC charger connection, S4 is OFF, Q7, Q9 and Q11 are ON, Q8, Q10 and Q12 are OFF, the second converter forms the star point of the open winding motor, and the inverter unit operates as a PFC (Power Factor Correction) boost converter. Its charging power can be changed according to the requirements of single-phase / two-phase / three-phase operation, and Q1~Q6, Q13, Q14 and transformer Tr1 winding are used as PFC boost converter single-phase / two-phase / three-phase switching.
[0044] Figures 5 to 8 This is a schematic diagram of the system in AC charging mode. In order to simplify and make it easier to understand the status of each AC charging mode, Figures 5 to 8 Only one bridge arm is used as an example for explanation. In the figure, AC charger is the secondary winding of the transformer, which is induced into AC power, and L is the one-phase / two-phase / three-phase winding of the motor. The switches Q1 and Q2 in the figure represent one or more bridge arms in the first converter, for example, they can be Figure 1 The bridge arm composed of switch tubes Q1 and Q2 can also be Figure 1 The bridge arm is composed of the middle switch tubes Q3 and Q4. Figures 5 to 8 The switch tubes Q3 and Q4 in the figure represent the bridge arm circuit unit, that is, Figure 1 The switch tubes Q13 and Q14 in the circuit. Specifically, Figure 5 Working in the positive phase, the switch tubes Q2 and Q4 are ON. Figure 6 Working in the positive phase, the switch tubes Q1 and Q4 are ON. Figure 7 Working in the negative phase, the switch tubes Q1 and Q3 are ON. Figure 8 Working in the negative phase part, at this time, the switch tubes Q2 and Q3 are ON.
[0045] Fig. 9 This is another charging mode schematic diagram of the charging and discharging system of the open winding motor of the utility model, refer to Fig. 9As shown, in another working mode, DC direct charging (shown by the black solid line): S1 ON for battery cell connection, S3 ON for DC charger connection, S4 ON. DC boost charging: S1ON for battery cell connection, S3 ON for DC charger connection, S4 OFF. Operation mode 1: Q7, Q9, Q11 ON, Q8, Q10, Q12 OFF, Q13, Q14 OFF, Q1 / Q2, Q3 / Q4, Q5 / Q6 can work in synchronous PWM mode or interleaved mode. Or operation mode 2 (shown by the dotted line): Q1~Q12 OFF, Q13, Q14 and transformer Tr1 winding (as boost inductor) act as a boost converter.
[0046] In one example, the bridge arm circuit unit is a series-connected switch tube or diode. Fig.10 As shown, Q13 and Q14 may be fast reverse recovery diodes D1 and D2.
[0047] In one example, the switch tube includes a BJT (Bipolar Junction Transistor), an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), or a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor).
[0048] BJT has lower noise and higher linearity, and performs well in circuits that require high precision and low noise. IGBT has significant advantages in high voltage and high current power electronics applications. MOSFET has the characteristics of high input impedance, low noise and easy integration.
[0049] In one example, the transformer Tr1 is an isolation transformer. The isolation transformer isolates the input and output circuits to achieve electrical isolation and voltage conversion, and includes an input winding, an output winding, and a magnetic core. There is no electrical connection between the input winding and the output winding, and they achieve electrical isolation through the interaction of the magnetic field of the magnetic core.
[0050] Another embodiment of the utility model provides a power device, which adopts the charging and discharging system of the open-winding motor as in the above-mentioned embodiment, and other auxiliary or accessory components of the power device are not described one by one.
[0051] The charging and discharging system or power device of the open-winding motor provided in the embodiment of the utility model adopts a design that is compatible with charging and driving. A bridge arm circuit unit and a transformer are arranged on the original driving component. The DC end of the bridge arm circuit unit is connected to the battery unit, and the AC end of the bridge arm circuit unit is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer, and the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the AC power input. Therefore, the system has a high degree of integration, and the charging function and the driving function are realized in the same system, eliminating a separate charging unit, and can meet the charging needs of electric vehicles with different voltage platforms.
[0052] The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above utility model disclosure is only used as an example and does not constitute a limitation of the present application. Although not explicitly stated here, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements and corrections to the present application. Such modifications, improvements and corrections are suggested in the present application, so such modifications, improvements and corrections still belong to the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application.
[0053] At the same time, the present application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the present application. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, some features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application can be appropriately combined.
[0054] Similarly, it should be noted that in order to simplify the description of the disclosure of this application and thus help understand one or more utility model embodiments, in the above description of the embodiments of this application, multiple features are sometimes combined into one embodiment, drawing or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not mean that the features required by the object of this application are more than the features mentioned in the claims. In fact, the features of the embodiments are less than all the features of the single embodiment disclosed above.
[0055] Although the present application has been described with reference to the current specific embodiments, ordinary technicians in this technical field should recognize that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application, and various equivalent changes or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the present application. Therefore, as long as the changes and modifications to the above embodiments are within the essential spirit of the present application, they will fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. A charging and discharging system for an open-winding motor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery unit and an inverter unit connected to each other, wherein: The inverter unit comprises a first converter and a second converter connected to two ends of the three-phase stator winding of the open-winding motor, wherein the first converter and the second converter are both three-phase three-bridge-arm structures; A bridge arm circuit unit and a transformer are also provided, wherein the DC end of the bridge arm circuit unit is connected to the battery unit, the AC end of the bridge arm circuit unit is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer, and the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the AC input.
2. The charging and discharging system of the open-winding motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bridge arm circuit unit is a switch tube or a diode connected in series.
3. The charging and discharging system of the open-winding motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch tube includes a BJT, an IGBT or a MOSFET.
4. The charging and discharging system of the open-winding motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transformer is an isolation transformer.
5. The charging and discharging system of the open-winding motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The open-winding motor is an open-winding motor with a common DC bus topology structure.
6. The charging and discharging system of the open-winding motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A switch is provided between the first converter and the second converter, and the bridge arm circuit unit is provided between the battery unit and the switch.
7. The charging and discharging system of the open-winding motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The switch is a relay, a trigger or a power semiconductor switch.
8. A power device, characterized in that: The power device adopts the charging and discharging system of the open-winding motor as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.