Grating ruler stretching mechanism and measuring machine

Abstract

The utility model provides a grating ruler stretching mechanism and a measuring machine, the grating ruler stretching mechanism comprises a grating ruler, a fixed end installation assembly and a stretching end installation assembly, the fixed end installation assembly fixedly connects the fixed end of the grating ruler to a fixed end fixing seat; the stretching end mounting assembly comprises a stretching end fixing seat, a stretching adjusting plate, an adjusting part, a clamping assembly and a pressing part; the clamping assembly is matched with the stretching adjusting plate to clamp and fasten the stretching end of the grating ruler to the stretching adjusting plate. The adjusting part drives the stretching adjusting plate to move and stretch the grating ruler; and the pressing part is used for pressing and positioning the stretching adjusting plate on the stretching end fixing seat after stretching in place and releasing the stretching adjusting plate during stretching. According to the grating ruler stretching mechanism, the grating ruler is not subjected to shearing force, stress is even, the stress concentration phenomenon can be effectively avoided, deformation of the grating ruler is avoided as much as possible, and the precision of the grating ruler and the measuring precision of a measuring machine are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of measuring equipment, and in particular relates to a grating ruler stretching mechanism and a crossbeam and a measuring machine on which the grating ruler stretching mechanism is installed. Background Art

[0002] As one of the components of the three-axis positioning and moving system of the measuring machine, the stability of the structure of the grating ruler has a vital impact on ensuring the measurement accuracy of the measuring machine.

[0003] Due to the influence of the ambient temperature and other factors, the measuring machine, including the beam, grating scale and other parts, may have a certain expansion and contraction. Due to differences in materials and structures, the beam and the grating scale attached to it have different expansion and contraction ranges. In this case, the grating scale may bend and deflect, and cannot fit the beam well, which has a certain impact on the normal operation of the measuring machine. Therefore, it is necessary to perform stretch correction on the grating scale to reduce the impact of the different expansion and contraction ranges of the grating scale and the beam.

[0004] The installation of the grating ruler in the grating ruler stretching mechanism is generally fixed at one end and adjustable at the other end. In the traditional grating ruler stretching mechanism, the connection between the adjustable stretching end and the grating ruler is generally connected by a pin hole. The pin passes through the pin holes of the grating ruler and the stretching adjustment plate. When stretching, the stretching adjustment plate moves in the stretching direction. The stretching adjustment plate drives the pin to move through the pin hole on it. The pin drives the grating ruler to move through the pin hole of the grating ruler, thereby realizing the stretching of the grating ruler.

[0005] With the existing grating ruler stretching mechanism, on the one hand, the grating ruler is subjected to pin shear force, and on the other hand, the pin hole of the grating ruler is only subjected to force near the moving direction end, which may lead to stress concentration inside the grating ruler. The combined effect of the two can easily cause the grating ruler structure to deform and affect the grating ruler accuracy. As one of the core components of the measuring machine, a slight change in the structure of the grating ruler will affect the normal use of the measuring machine, especially for high-precision measuring machines. A slight change in the structure of the grating ruler will seriously affect the measurement accuracy of the high-precision measuring machine. Summary of the invention

[0006] The utility model provides a grating ruler stretching mechanism and a measuring machine, which can prevent the grating ruler from being subjected to shear force and stress concentration, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the grating ruler and further ensuring the measuring accuracy of the measuring machine.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical effects, the technical solution adopted by the grating ruler stretching mechanism proposed in the utility model is a grating ruler stretching mechanism, comprising:

[0008] The grating ruler has two ends, a fixed end and a stretching end;

[0009] A fixed end mounting assembly, comprising a fixed end fixing seat and a fixing component, wherein the fixed end fixing seat is fixedly arranged, and the fixing component cooperates with the fixed end fixing seat to fix the fixed end of the grating ruler to the fixed end fixing seat;

[0010] The stretching end mounting assembly comprises a stretching end fixing seat, a stretching adjustment plate, an adjusting component, a clamping assembly and a pressing component; the stretching end fixing seat is fixedly arranged; the clamping assembly cooperates with the stretching adjustment plate to clamp and fix the stretching end of the grating ruler to the stretching adjustment plate; the adjusting component drives the stretching adjustment plate to move along the stretching direction of the grating ruler to stretch the grating ruler; the pressing component is used to press and position the stretching adjustment plate on the stretching end fixing seat after stretching into place, and to release the stretching adjustment plate during stretching.

[0011] The adjusting component is an adjusting bolt, whose axial direction is parallel to the stretching direction of the grating scale. A first circular threaded hole is provided on one end of the stretching adjustment plate. The adjusting bolt is installed in cooperation with the first circular threaded hole, and the free end face of the rod of the adjusting bolt always rests on the stretching end fixing seat.

[0012] The clamping assembly includes a clamping bolt and a clamping nut. The stretching adjustment plate is correspondingly provided with a countersunk hole, and the stretching end of the grating ruler is correspondingly provided with a through hole. The clamping bolt passes through the countersunk hole, and the through hole cooperates with the clamping nut to clamp the stretching end of the grating ruler to the stretching adjustment plate.

[0013] A guide portion is formed on the stretching end fixing seat, the guiding direction of the guide portion is parallel to the stretching direction of the grating ruler, and the clamping nut is in guiding cooperation with the guide portion.

[0014] The fixed end fixing seat and the stretching end fixing seat are located on the same A side of the grating ruler, the fixed component and the stretching adjustment plate are located on the same B side of the grating ruler, and the A side and the B side are two opposite sides of the grating ruler; the fixed end of the grating ruler is clamped between the fixed end fixing seat and the fixed component, and the stretching end of the grating ruler is clamped between the stretching end fixing seat and the stretching adjustment plate.

[0015] A first waist-shaped adjustment hole is provided on the stretching adjustment plate, a second waist-shaped adjustment hole is correspondingly provided on the stretching end of the grating ruler, and a second circular threaded hole is provided on the stretching end fixing seat. The length directions of the first waist-shaped adjustment hole and the second waist-shaped adjustment hole are parallel to the stretching direction of the grating ruler; the clamping component is a clamping bolt provided in the first waist-shaped adjustment hole, and the clamping bolt passes through the second waist-shaped adjustment hole and cooperates with the second circular threaded hole to position the stretching adjustment plate and the stretching end of the grating ruler or release the stretching adjustment plate and the stretching end of the grating ruler.

[0016] The number of the clamping parts is two, which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the first waist-shaped adjustment hole, the number of the second waist-shaped adjustment holes is correspondingly two, and the number of the second circular threaded holes is correspondingly two.

[0017] Two limit baffles corresponding to the two long sides of the grating ruler are formed on the fixed end fixing seat, and the fixed end of the fixed component and the grating ruler is located between the two limit baffles to limit the displacement of the fixed component and the grating ruler along the width direction of the grating ruler.

[0018] The utility model also proposes a measuring machine, including a crossbeam and a slide mounted on the crossbeam and sliding along the crossbeam, the crossbeam is provided with the above-mentioned grating scale stretching mechanism, the crossbeam includes a first end and a second end, the length direction of the grating scale is parallel to the axial direction of the crossbeam, the fixed end fixing seat is fixedly connected to the first end of the crossbeam, the stretching end fixing seat is fixedly connected to the second end of the crossbeam, and the grating scale reading head is arranged on the slide.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0020] 1. The utility model grating ruler stretching mechanism adopts a clamping component and a stretching adjustment plate to clamp the stretching end of the grating ruler to the stretching adjustment plate. The adjusting component drives the stretching adjustment plate to move along the stretching direction of the grating ruler and then pulls the grating ruler to achieve stretching. The force driving the grating ruler to stretch is mainly the friction between the clamping component and the grating ruler, and the friction between the stretching adjustment plate and the grating ruler. The grating ruler is no longer subjected to shear force, and the force is more uniform, which can effectively avoid stress concentration, thereby avoiding deformation of the grating ruler as much as possible and ensuring the accuracy of the grating ruler itself.

[0021] 2. A measuring machine equipped with the grating ruler stretching mechanism of the utility model can ensure the accuracy of the grating ruler itself, thereby ensuring the measuring accuracy of the measuring machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the grating ruler stretching mechanism on the crossbeam of the measuring machine in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the grating ruler stretching mechanism in the embodiment of the utility model from the front view;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Exploded diagram of

[0026] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the grating ruler stretching mechanism in the embodiment of the utility model from the back side perspective;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of part A;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the stretching end mounting assembly of the grating ruler stretching mechanism in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 B-direction view;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 CC section view.

[0031] Reference numerals:

[0032] 100, beam; 110, first end; 120, second end; 130, bottom surface;

[0033] 200, grating ruler stretching mechanism; 210, grating ruler; 211, fixed end; 212, stretching end; 213, through hole; 214, second waist-shaped adjustment hole; 220, fixed end fixing seat; 221, limit baffle; 230, fixing component; 240, stretching end fixing seat; 241, guide part; 242, second circular threaded hole; 250, stretching adjustment plate; 251, first circular threaded hole; 252, folding part; 253, countersunk hole; 254, first waist-shaped adjustment hole; 260, adjusting bolt; 270, clamping bolt; 280, clamping nut; 290, clamping bolt; 2100, fixing bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, a measuring machine is proposed, specifically, a fixed bridge three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine, including a control unit, a workbench, a first column, a second column, a beam 100, a slide, a Z-axis, etc.

[0037] The crossbeam 100 includes a first end 110 and a second end 120 , and is extended along the X direction of the measuring machine. A slide is slidably arranged on the crossbeam 100 , and the Z axis is arranged on the slide.

[0038] The first column and the second column are arranged at intervals along the X direction on opposite sides of the workbench of the measuring machine, and are respectively arranged corresponding to the first end 110 and the second end 120 of the beam 100. The two ends of the beam 100 are respectively fixed on the first column and the second column. The first column and the second column support the beam 100 under the two ends of the beam 100.

[0039] Reference Figures 1 to 8 The crossbeam 100 is provided with a grating ruler stretching mechanism 200, including a grating ruler 210, a fixed end mounting assembly and a stretching end mounting assembly. The grating ruler reading head for detecting with the grating ruler 210 is arranged on the carriage.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the crossbeam 100 is a triangular crossbeam, that is, in the shape of a triangular prism, having five side surfaces, namely, a front side surface, a rear side surface, a bottom surface 130, a left end surface and a right end surface. In the installed state, the front side surface, the rear side surface and the bottom surface 130 are all inclined relative to the horizontal plane, and the left end surface and the right end surface are perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Of course, the crossbeam 100 can also be a rectangular crossbeam, that is, in the shape of a cuboid, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the grating scale stretching mechanism 200 is specifically arranged on the bottom surface 130 of the beam 100. Of course, it can also be arranged on the front side or the rear side of the beam 100, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0042] The length direction of the grating ruler 210 , that is, its extension direction, is parallel to the axial direction of the beam 100 , and the two ends of the grating ruler 210 are respectively a fixed end 211 and a stretching end 212 .

[0043] The fixed end mounting assembly includes a fixed end mounting seat 220 and a fixing component 230. The fixed end mounting seat 220 is fixedly arranged, specifically fixedly connected to the first end 110 of the beam 100. The fixing component 230 cooperates with the fixed end mounting seat 220 to fix the fixed end 211 of the grating ruler 210 to the fixed end mounting seat 220, that is, the fixed end 211 of the grating ruler 210 is fixed to the first end 110 of the beam 100 by the fixed end mounting assembly.

[0044] The stretching end mounting assembly includes a stretching end fixing seat 240, a stretching adjustment plate 250, an adjustment component, a clamping assembly and a pressing component; the stretching end fixing seat 240 is fixedly arranged, specifically, fixedly connected to the second end 120 of the beam 100 by a fixing bolt 2100; the clamping assembly cooperates with the stretching adjustment plate 250 to clamp the stretching end 212 of the grating ruler 210 to the stretching adjustment plate 250; the adjustment component is used to drive the stretching adjustment plate 250 to move along the stretching direction of the grating ruler 210 (i.e., along the extension direction of the grating ruler 210 to move to the stretching direction of the grating ruler 210). The clamping component is used to press and position the stretching adjustment plate 250 on the stretching end fixing seat 240 after the grating ruler 210 is stretched into place, thereby positioning the grating ruler 210 in the stretched position; the clamping component is also used to release the stretching adjustment plate 250 when stretching is required, so that the stretching adjustment plate 250 can perform the stretching action of the grating ruler 210 under the drive of the adjusting component.

[0045] The grating ruler stretching mechanism 200 in the embodiment of the utility model adopts a clamping component and a stretching adjustment plate 250 to clamp the stretching end 212 of the grating ruler 210 and fix it to the stretching adjustment plate 250. The adjusting component drives the stretching adjustment plate 250 to move along the stretching direction of the grating ruler 210 and then pulls the grating ruler 210 to achieve stretching. The force that drives the grating ruler 210 to stretch is mainly the friction between the clamping component and the grating ruler 210, and the friction between the stretching adjustment plate 250 and the grating ruler 210. The grating ruler 210 is no longer subjected to shear force, and the force is more uniform, which can effectively avoid stress concentration, thereby avoiding deformation of the grating ruler 210 as much as possible and ensuring the accuracy of the grating ruler 210 itself. The measuring machine in the embodiment of the utility model has the above-mentioned grating ruler stretching mechanism 200 installed on its crossbeam 100. Since the grating ruler stretching mechanism 200 can ensure the accuracy of the grating ruler 210 itself, the measuring accuracy of the measuring machine can be ensured.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figures 2 to 8As shown, the adjusting component is an adjusting bolt 260, whose axial direction is parallel to the stretching direction of the grating ruler 210, and a first circular threaded hole 251 is provided on one end of the stretching adjustment plate 250. The adjusting bolt 260 is installed in cooperation with the first circular threaded hole 251, and the free end face of the rod of the adjusting bolt 260 always rests on the stretching end fixing seat 240.

[0047] When the grating scale 210 needs to be stretched, first operate the clamping component to release the stretching adjustment plate 250. Since the free end face of the rod of the adjusting bolt 260 always rests on the stretching end fixing seat 240, that is, it supports the stretching end fixing seat 240, and the stretching end fixing seat 240 is fixed on the beam 100, the actual position of the adjusting bolt 260 does not change. Therefore, when the adjusting bolt 260 is rotated, the stretching adjustment plate 250 follows the adjusting bolt 260 to move relatively in the direction of the stretching grating scale 210, thereby realizing the stretching of the grating scale 210.

[0048] The use of the adjusting bolt 260 to drive the stretching adjustment plate 250 to move has a simple structure, is easy to implement, and has low cost. Of course, the driving component can also be other components that can drive the stretching adjustment plate 250 to move linearly, such as a cylinder.

[0049] To facilitate the operation of the adjusting bolt 260, in some embodiments of the present invention, it is located on the outer end of the stretching adjustment plate 250 to be as far away from the grating ruler 210 as possible, so as to facilitate manual operation of the adjusting bolt 260 and avoid touching the grating ruler 210. Specifically, a folding portion 252 may be formed on the outer end of the stretching adjustment plate 250, and the folding portion 252 is folded to the outer side of the outer end surface of the stretching end fixing seat 240 at the same time. The first circular threaded hole 251 is provided on the folding portion 252 of the stretching adjustment plate 250, and the adjusting bolt 260 is installed here, and the free end surface of the rod portion thereof abuts against the outer end surface of the stretching end fixing seat 240.

[0050] For clamping components, such as Figures 3 to 5 ,as well as Figure 7 As shown, it includes a clamping bolt 270 and a clamping nut 280. The stretching adjustment plate 250 is correspondingly provided with a countersunk light hole 253, and the stretching end 212 of the grating scale 210 is correspondingly provided with a circular through hole 213. The clamping bolt 270 passes through the countersunk light hole 253 and the through hole 213 and cooperates with the clamping nut 280 to clamp the stretching end 212 of the grating scale 210 to be fixed to the stretching adjustment plate 250. Under the pressure of the clamping bolt 270, the stretching adjustment plate 250 presses the grating scale 210 from above the stretching end 212 of the grating scale 210, and at the same time, the clamping nut 280 presses the grating scale 210 from below the stretching end 212 of the grating scale 210, so that the grating scale 210 is clamped on the stretching adjustment plate 250.

[0051] And no matter in the stretching process or after the stretching adjustment, the stretching end 212 of the grating ruler 210 is always clamped between the stretching adjustment plate 250 and the clamping nut 280 through the clamping assembly, so as to ensure that the grating ruler 210 will not accidentally fall off and cause damage.

[0052] The force driving the grating ruler 210 to stretch is mainly the friction between the stretching adjustment plate 250 and the stretching end 212 of the grating ruler 210 , and the friction between the clamping nut 280 and the stretching end 212 of the grating ruler 210 .

[0053] Furthermore, if Figures 3 to 5 As shown, a guide portion 241 is formed on the stretching end fixing seat 240, and the guiding direction of the guide portion 241 is parallel to the stretching direction of the grating ruler 210, and the clamping nut 280 cooperates with the guide portion 241. When the stretching adjustment plate 250 drives the grating ruler 210 to move in the stretching direction, the movement of the clamping assembly with the stretching adjustment plate 250 is carried out under the guidance of the clamping nut 280 and the guide portion 241, so that it can play a certain guiding role in the movement of the grating ruler 210 and the stretching adjustment plate 250, improve the movement accuracy, and then ensure the stretching accuracy. The guide portion 241 can be a guide through hole or a guide groove.

[0054] In some embodiments of the utility model, the grating scale 210 is in the shape of a strip, the fixed end fixing seat 220 and the stretching end fixing seat 240 are located on the same A side of the grating scale 210, the fixed component 230 and the stretching adjustment plate 250 are located on the same B side of the grating scale 210, and the A side and the B side are two opposite sides of the grating scale 210; the fixed end 211 of the grating scale 210 is clamped between the fixed end fixing seat 220 and the fixed component 230, and the stretching end 212 of the grating scale 210 is clamped between the stretching end fixing seat 240 and the stretching adjustment plate 250.

[0055] Specifically, taking the grating scale stretching mechanism 200 arranged on the bottom surface 130 of the beam 100 as an example, the A side of the grating scale 210 faces the bottom surface 130 of the beam 100, and the B side is away from the bottom surface 130 of the beam 100, the fixing component 230 and the fixed end fixing seat 220 are arranged opposite to each other, and the stretching adjustment plate 250 is fixed to the stretching end fixing seat 240.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figures 2 to 8As shown, a first waist-shaped adjustment hole 254 is provided on the stretching adjustment plate 250, a second waist-shaped adjustment hole 214 is correspondingly provided on the stretching end 212 of the grating ruler 210, and a second circular threaded hole 242 is provided on the stretching end fixing seat 240. The length directions of the first waist-shaped adjustment hole 254 and the second waist-shaped adjustment hole 214 are both parallel to the stretching direction of the grating ruler 210; the clamping component is a clamping bolt 290 arranged in the first waist-shaped adjustment hole 254, and the clamping bolt 290 passes through the second waist-shaped adjustment hole 214 and cooperates with the second circular threaded hole 242 to position the stretching adjustment plate 250 and the stretching end 212 of the grating ruler 210 or release the stretching adjustment plate 250 and the stretching end 212 of the grating ruler 210.

[0057] Specifically, by tightening the clamping bolt 290, the stretching adjustment plate 250 is pressed against the grating scale 210, thereby achieving fixation of the grating scale 210 after adjustment; by loosening the clamping bolt 290, the stretching adjustment plate 250 and the grating scale 210 are released for stretching adjustment.

[0058] To improve positioning reliability, in some embodiments of the present invention, there are two clamping bolts 290, which are spaced apart along the length direction of the first waist-shaped adjustment hole 254, two second waist-shaped adjustment holes 214, and two second circular threaded holes 242.

[0059] In some embodiments of the utility model, two limit baffles 221 corresponding to the two long sides of the grating scale 210 are formed on the fixed end fixing seat 220, and the fixed end 211 of the fixed component 230 and the grating scale 210 is located between the two limit baffles 221 to limit the displacement of the fixed component 230 and the grating scale 210 along the width direction of the grating scale 210, thereby limiting the grating scale 210 in the width direction, ensuring that the grating scale 210 does not deviate or shake in the width direction during the stretching process, which is beneficial to ensuring its own accuracy.

[0060] Similarly, a guide rail may be provided on the bottom surface 130 of the beam 100, and the portion between the fixed end 211 and the stretching end 212 of the grating scale 210 may be guided by the guide rail, so as to further improve the reliability of its stretching movement and ensure accuracy.

[0061] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the fixed end 211 of the grating ruler 210 and the fixed component 230 are fixed to the bottom surface 130 of the beam 100 by multiple, for example, two fixing bolts 2100. The fixing bolts 2100 pass through the fixing component 230, the fixed end 211 of the grating ruler 210 and the fixed end fixing seat 220 in sequence, and are finally fastened to the bottom surface 130 of the beam 100. The fixed end 211 of the grating ruler 210 is fixed by the fixing bolts 2100.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A grating ruler stretching mechanism, characterized in that: include: The grating ruler has two ends, a fixed end and a stretching end; A fixed end mounting assembly, comprising a fixed end fixing seat and a fixing component, wherein the fixed end fixing seat is fixedly arranged, and the fixing component cooperates with the fixed end fixing seat to fix the fixed end of the grating ruler to the fixed end fixing seat; The stretching end mounting assembly comprises a stretching end fixing seat, a stretching adjustment plate, an adjusting component, a clamping assembly and a pressing component; the stretching end fixing seat is fixedly arranged; the clamping assembly cooperates with the stretching adjustment plate to clamp and fix the stretching end of the grating ruler to the stretching adjustment plate; the adjusting component drives the stretching adjustment plate to move along the stretching direction of the grating ruler to stretch the grating ruler; the pressing component is used to press and position the stretching adjustment plate on the stretching end fixing seat after stretching into place, and to release the stretching adjustment plate during stretching.

2. The grating ruler stretching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting component is an adjusting bolt, whose axial direction is parallel to the stretching direction of the grating scale. A first circular threaded hole is provided on one end of the stretching adjustment plate. The adjusting bolt is installed in cooperation with the first circular threaded hole, and the free end face of the rod of the adjusting bolt always rests on the stretching end fixing seat.

3. The grating ruler stretching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly includes a clamping bolt and a clamping nut. The stretching adjustment plate is correspondingly provided with a countersunk hole, and the stretching end of the grating ruler is correspondingly provided with a through hole. The clamping bolt passes through the countersunk hole, and the through hole cooperates with the clamping nut to clamp the stretching end of the grating ruler to the stretching adjustment plate.

4. The grating ruler stretching mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: A guide portion is formed on the stretching end fixing seat, the guiding direction of the guide portion is parallel to the stretching direction of the grating ruler, and the clamping nut is in guiding cooperation with the guide portion.

5. The grating ruler stretching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed end fixing seat and the stretching end fixing seat are located on the same A side of the grating ruler, the fixed component and the stretching adjustment plate are located on the same B side of the grating ruler, and the A side and the B side are two opposite sides of the grating ruler; the fixed end of the grating ruler is clamped between the fixed end fixing seat and the fixed component, and the stretching end of the grating ruler is clamped between the stretching end fixing seat and the stretching adjustment plate.

6. The grating ruler stretching mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first waist-shaped adjustment hole is provided on the stretching adjustment plate, a second waist-shaped adjustment hole is correspondingly provided on the stretching end of the grating ruler, and a second circular threaded hole is provided on the stretching end fixing seat. The length directions of the first waist-shaped adjustment hole and the second waist-shaped adjustment hole are parallel to the stretching direction of the grating ruler; the clamping component is a clamping bolt provided in the first waist-shaped adjustment hole, and the clamping bolt passes through the second waist-shaped adjustment hole and cooperates with the second circular threaded hole to position the stretching adjustment plate and the stretching end of the grating ruler or release the stretching adjustment plate and the stretching end of the grating ruler.

7. The grating ruler stretching mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of the clamping parts is two, which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the first waist-shaped adjustment hole, the number of the second waist-shaped adjustment holes is correspondingly two, and the number of the second circular threaded holes is correspondingly two.

8. The grating ruler stretching mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two limit baffles corresponding to the two long sides of the grating ruler are formed on the fixed end fixing seat, and the fixed end of the fixed component and the grating ruler is located between the two limit baffles to limit the displacement of the fixed component and the grating ruler along the width direction of the grating ruler.

9. A measuring machine, comprising a crossbeam and a carriage arranged on the crossbeam and sliding along the crossbeam, characterized in that: The crossbeam is provided with a grating scale stretching mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, the crossbeam includes a first end and a second end, the length direction of the grating scale is parallel to the axial direction of the crossbeam, the fixed end fixing seat is fixedly connected to the first end of the crossbeam, the stretching end fixing seat is fixedly connected to the second end of the crossbeam, and the grating scale reading head is arranged on the slide.

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