Cleaning mixture layer thickness reduction device of combine harvester
By setting up a layer thickness reduction device on the combine harvester, such as a wheel or a chain rake, the cleaning loss problem caused by excessive layer thickness of the mixture is solved, and the effect of controlling the layer thickness of the mixture is achieved and the working efficiency is improved. performance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421198986.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-29
AI Technical Summary
In the case of high feeding volume of existing combine harvesters, the mixture layer thickness is too large, resulting in cleaning loss, and the prior art is difficult to effectively control the layer thickness, resulting in incomplete separation of grains and causing losses.
Design a combination harvester to clean the mixture layer thickness and thinning device, including a layer thickness and thinning mechanism, such as a wheel or chain rake, to thin the mixture on the shaking plate by rotating the motor, so that the mixture can be thinned on the shaking plate, so that the The thickness of the mixture is controlled within the standard range to ensure that the airflow can effectively lift the miscellaneous residues and separate the grains.
It effectively reduces cleaning and selection losses, improves operating efficiency, ensures that the mixture layer thickness is within a safe range, avoids grain losses, and improves the operating performance of the combine harvester.
Smart Images
Figure CN222322231U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and in particular to a device for reducing the thickness of a mixture layer for a combine harvester. Background Art
[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background technical information related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.
[0003] Grain combine harvesters are mainly used for combined harvesting of wheat crops. They can complete cutting, threshing, separation and cleaning at one time in the field, and have become indispensable agricultural machinery for field operations. The threshing mixture increases with the increase of the feed volume of the combine harvester. Although the shaking plate has a stratification effect on the mixture during the conveying process, the stratification effect is not good when the feed volume is large and the mixture is large because the layer is too thick.
[0004] During the wheat harvest, all brands of machines have grain scattering. The main reason is that there is too much mixture falling from the threshing chamber to the cleaning shaking plate surface, with a thickness of nearly 200mm, causing the screen surface to be heavily loaded, the airflow cannot hold up the residue, and the grains cannot be separated. They move out of the machine along the screen surface with the residue, causing losses. According to the relevant design requirements of domestic and foreign combine harvesters, the standard thickness of the mixture on the shaking plate and the screen surface is generally around 60mm, and the harvesting should not exceed 100mm during the dry period. For this thickness of mixture, under the action of the current matching centrifugal fan, if the screen and the fan are adjusted correctly according to the standard, the residue in the entire mixture can be completely lifted to achieve good grain separation. However, if the screen and the fan are not adjusted correctly, the mixture will move slowly on the screen surface, forming a retained pile, and the grains will be mixed in the piled mixture and move out of the screen surface, causing ground losses. When the feed rate increases, more straw will be broken during the late wheat harvest and threshing, and the thickness of the mixture on the shaking plate will reach 200mm. Even if the screen and the fan are adjusted correctly according to the standard, the airflow will not be able to hold up the debris, and the grains cannot be separated. They will move out of the machine along the screen surface with the debris, causing losses. The main reason for the current cleaning loss is the excessive accumulation of the mixture on the shaking plate and the screen surface. According to tests and field operation observations, the mixture on the shaking plate of various domestic transverse axial flow 8kg / s models far exceeds the theoretical limit thickness of 80mm, and the accumulation thickness is as much as 180mm, causing serious grain scattering on the screen surface. For this reason, it is urgent to solve the problem of the thickness of the shaking plate layer and control the thickness within the standard thickness of 60mm, or even less. Ensure that the feed rate increases without increasing the thickness of the mixture layer and without scattering grain.
[0005] Cleaning loss is one of the main losses of grain combine harvesters in field operations, and the cleaning loss rate is the main performance indicator for measuring the operating performance of combine harvesters. In the prior art, the measures to solve the above problem are: first, increase the air flow speed to blow away the mixture, but increasing the air flow speed will also send the grains out of the machine while blowing away the mixture, causing losses; second, reduce the feed amount and reduce the operating speed, but reducing the operating speed will also reduce production efficiency.
[0006] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a device for reducing the thickness of the mixture layer for a combine harvester to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention
[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a device for reducing the thickness of a mixture layer for a combine harvester.
[0008] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve the problems existing in the prior art is:
[0009] The present application proposes a device for reducing the thickness of a mixture layer for a combine harvester, which is applied to a grain combine harvester, comprising:
[0010] A layer thickness reduction mechanism, wherein the layer thickness reduction mechanism is arranged above the rear end of the shaking plate of the grain combine harvester,
[0011] A rotating motor, wherein the motor shaft of the rotating motor is axially fixedly connected to the central axis of the layer thickness thinning mechanism;
[0012] The layer thickness thinning mechanism is used to thin the mixture harvested on the shaking plate of the grain combine harvester when the rotating motor rotates; the rotating motor is fixedly arranged on the grain combine harvester.
[0013] Preferably, the layer thickness reducing mechanism is a dial wheel, and a plurality of dial members are fixedly provided on the outer ring of the dial wheel.
[0014] Preferably, the driving members are symmetrically arranged on the dial wheel in sequence.
[0015] Preferably, the toggle member structure is a spring tooth.
[0016] Preferably, the toggle member structure is a hard plate.
[0017] Preferably, the layer thickness reducing mechanism is a chain rake.
[0018] Preferably, the rotary motor is fixedly mounted in a cleaning chamber of the grain combine harvester above the rear end of the shaking plate.
[0019] Preferably, the rotating motor is fixedly mounted on the cleaning screen.
[0020] Preferably, the layer thickness thinning mechanism has a rotational linear speed greater than or equal to twice the moving speed of the shaking plate mixture.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:
[0022] The method of using the thumbwheel to thin the mixture on the shaking plate can prevent the grain combine harvester from causing excessive layer thickness and accumulation on the cleaning screen surface during the late grain harvesting operation due to crop drying and large feeding volume, resulting in grain loss. This can reduce the loss of grain during the operation and improve the operation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present application, are used to provide further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application.
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for reducing the thickness of a mixture layer for a combine harvester according to the present application.
[0025] In the figure:
[0026] 1. shaking plate, 2. screen, 3. fan, 4. mixture, 5. dial wheel, 6. driving shaft, 7. grain recovery device, 8. residue recovery device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0028] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0029] In the present disclosure, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are relational words determined only for the convenience of describing the structural relationships of the various parts or elements of the present disclosure, and do not specifically refer to any part or element in the present disclosure and should not be understood as limitations on the present disclosure.
[0030] The grain loss of grain combine harvesters mainly includes the loss caused by the cleaning and threshing devices during operation, and the cleaning loss is the main loss. The cleaning loss includes screen surface loss and airflow loss, and the screen surface loss is the main loss. The screen surface loss is mainly caused by the excessive thickness of the mixture on the shaking plate 1 and the screen surface of the cleaning device, too much accumulation, and the airflow of the fan 3 cannot blow away the accumulated mixture 4, so that the grains in it cannot be separated from the debris and collected through the sieve, and are removed from the machine together with the accumulated debris, causing losses. This loss is the main loss in the operation of the combine harvester.
[0031] In normal operation of the grain combine harvester, especially when the moisture content of wheat is low, the operation speed is generally accelerated due to the light operation load, that is, the amount of crops entering the threshing device increases. At this time, due to the drying of wheat straw, more straw is broken and crushed after threshing and enters the cleaning device, so that the thickness of the mixture 4 layer on the mixture 4 conveying device such as the shaking plate 1 increases excessively, and the airflow of the fan 3 cannot blow away and achieve grain separation.
[0032] The present application provides a layer thickness thinning device for cleaning a mixture for a combine harvester, which is applied to a grain combine harvester and includes a layer thickness thinning mechanism and a rotating motor, wherein: the layer thickness thinning mechanism is arranged above the rear end of a shaking plate 1 of the grain combine harvester; the motor shaft of the rotating motor is axially fixedly connected to the central axis of the layer thickness thinning mechanism; the layer thickness thinning mechanism is used to thin the mixture harvested on the shaking plate 1 of the grain combine harvester when the rotating motor rotates; and the rotating motor is fixedly arranged on the grain combine harvester.
[0033] refer to Figure 1 In one embodiment, the layer thickness reduction mechanism is a dial wheel 5, and a plurality of toggle members are fixedly arranged on the outer ring of the dial wheel 5; the toggle members are symmetrically arranged on the dial wheel 5 in sequence. The toggle member structure is a spring tooth or a hard plate.
[0034] In another embodiment, the layer thinning mechanism is a chain rake.
[0035] In some embodiments, the rotary motor is fixedly mounted in the cleaning chamber of the grain combine harvester above the rear end of the shaking plate 1. In other embodiments, the rotary motor is fixedly mounted on the cleaning screen of the grain combine harvester. Wherein: the rotational linear speed of the layer thickness reduction mechanism is greater than or equal to twice the moving speed of the mixture of the shaking plate 1.
[0036] There are many ways to thin the mixture 4 on the shaking plate 1, such as a dial wheel 5, a chain rake, etc. The dial wheel 5 or the chain rake has many structures, such as spring teeth made of metal or non-metallic materials, hard plates, etc. The installation position is at the rear end of the shaking plate 1, or in the middle and rear section of the screen surface. However, when the dial wheel 5 is in the middle and rear section of the screen surface, the rotation direction is to throw the mixture forward, that is, Figure 1 Direction indicated by the arrow.
[0037] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 The working principle of a device for thinning the thickness of a mixture layer for a combine harvester provided in the present application is as follows: a thumbwheel 5 or a chain rake is arranged at the end of a shaking plate 1, which rotates at a linear speed higher than the moving speed of the mixture 4 on the shaking plate 1, and acts on the mixture 4 on the shaking plate 1, so that the mixture 4 on the shaking plate 1 is thinned before entering the screen plate 2. In this way, in the process of the mixture 4 falling to the cleaning screen surface at the screen plate 2, the airflow of the fan 3 is sufficient to blow away the mixture 4, so that the light impurities in the mixture 4 are removed from the machine at one time, and no mixture will accumulate on the screen surface, and the grains will pass through the screen surface and enter the grain recovery device 7, and the heavy impurities will enter the impurity recovery device 8 at the tail of the screen.
[0038] Among them: the movement of the mixture 4 on the shaking plate 1 is controlled by a driving motor connected to the driving shaft 6; the driving motor, the debris recovery device 8, the grain recovery device 7, the screen 2 and the fan 3 are all fixedly arranged in the grain combine harvester. This is a conventional technical means for those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated.
[0039] The present invention sets a paddle wheel at the rear end of the shaking plate to act backward on the mixture, thinning the mixture that is about to fall into the screen surface, so that the airflow can blow away the mixture layer, realize the separation and collection of grains, and reduce the loss of cleaning. During the operation of the combine harvester, regardless of the speed of the operation, the mixture 4 on the shaking plate 1 generally moves backward at a speed of 1m / s under the action of the drive shaft 6. After the mixture reaches the paddle wheel 5, since the rotation linear speed of the paddle wheel 5 is twice the moving speed of the shaking plate mixture, the thickness of the mixture 4 can be thinned by half, so that the impurities are lifted up and blown away by the airflow and sent out of the machine, and the grains are lightly placed in the front section of the screen plate 2 to realize the collection through the screen.
[0040] The invention relates to a device for reducing the thickness of a layer of a cleaning mixture for a combine harvester, which can prevent the mixture from piling up during rapid operation and is of great significance for reducing the loss of grains during the operation of the combine harvester.
[0041] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
[0042] Although the above describes the specific implementation methods of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Technical personnel in the relevant field should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present application, various modifications or deformations that can be made by technical personnel in this field without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims
1. A device for reducing the thickness of a layer of a cleaning mixture for a combine harvester, applied to a grain combine harvester, characterized in that: include: A layer thickness reducing mechanism, the layer thickness reducing mechanism being arranged above the rear end of a shaking plate (1) of a grain combine harvester, A rotating motor, wherein the motor shaft of the rotating motor is axially fixedly connected to the central axis of the layer thickness thinning mechanism; The layer thickness thinning mechanism is used to thin the mixture harvested on the shaking plate (1) of the grain combine harvester when the rotary motor rotates; the rotary motor is fixedly arranged on the grain combine harvester.
2. The device for reducing the thickness of a layer of a cleaning mixture for a combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The layer thickness reducing mechanism is a dial wheel (5), and a plurality of dial members are fixedly arranged on the outer ring of the dial wheel (5).
3. The device for reducing the thickness of a mixture layer for a combine harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The toggle members are symmetrically arranged on the dial wheel (5) in sequence.
4. The device for reducing the thickness of a layer of a cleaning mixture for a combine harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The toggle member structure is a spring tooth.
5. The device for reducing the thickness of a layer of a cleaning mixture for a combine harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The toggle member structure is a hard plate.
6. The device for reducing the thickness of a layer of a cleaning mixture for a combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The layer thickness reducing mechanism is a chain rake.
7. The device for reducing the thickness of a layer of a cleaning mixture for a combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating motor is fixedly mounted in the cleaning chamber of the grain combine harvester above the rear end of the shaking plate (1).
8. The device for reducing the thickness of a layer of a cleaning mixture for a combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating motor is fixedly mounted on the cleaning screen.
9. The device for reducing the thickness of a layer of a cleaning mixture for a combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The layer thickness thinning mechanism has a rotational linear speed greater than or equal to twice the moving speed of the mixture on the shaking plate (1).