Balloon catheter

Abstract

The utility model relates to a balloon catheter which comprises a catheter body, a balloon connected to the far end of the catheter body and electrodes, a plurality of electrode cavities extending into the balloon from the near end of the catheter body are arranged in the catheter body, only one electrode is arranged in each electrode cavity, the electrodes extend to the far end from the near end of each electrode cavity, and the electrodes are movably arranged in the electrode cavities. The electrode can be taken out from the electrode cavity in a replacement state; a positive conductive connecting end and a negative conductive connecting end are respectively formed at the near ends of the electrodes in two adjacent electrode cavities; each electrode cavity is provided with a first hole communicated with the balloon, and two adjacent electrodes are exposed between the first holes to form a conductive area. According to the catheter provided by the utility model, the electrode can be quickly replaced in time, catheter replacement is reduced, surgical operation is simplified, the service life of the catheter is prolonged, surgical time is shortened, and surgical cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular relates to a balloon catheter. Background Art

[0002] At present, clinical cardiovascular stenosis is complex and diverse. Cardiovascular stenosis refers to the abnormal lipid metabolism of human arteriovenous vessels, including coronary, peripheral, and intracranial blood vessels. The lipids in the blood are deposited on the originally smooth vascular endothelium and gradually accumulate into atherosclerotic lipid plaques. Over time, these plaques increase or even calcify, causing stenosis in the vascular lumen, obstructing blood flow, leading to ischemia of downstream blood vessels and the body, and producing corresponding clinical manifestations. If the stenosis occurs in the coronary artery, it will cause palpitations, chest pain, dyspnea, and angina pectoris. In severe cases, it will lead to myocardial insufficiency or myocardial necrosis; if it occurs in the periphery, it will cause a decrease in skin epidermal temperature, muscle atrophy, intermittent claudication, and even necrosis or amputation of distal limbs; if it occurs in the brain, it will cause dizziness, syncope, and even brain tissue damage and brain dysfunction.

[0003] Refer to the invention patent with application number CN202010453163.0, which discloses a vascular recanalization system for cardiovascular stenosis lesions. The energy generation controller can emit and regulate ultrasound of a specific frequency so that the electrode pair forms cavitation bubbles and then generates shock waves. The shock waves impact the calcified area to break up the calcified lesions. The life of the electrode determines the life of the balloon catheter. If the electrode is continuously worn out and the life of the balloon catheter is reduced, the entire balloon catheter needs to be replaced. In this application, the outer electrode and the inner electrode are both ring electrodes, the outer electrode is the positive electrode, and the inner electrode is the cathode. The inner electrode and the outer electrode are respectively fixedly arranged in the The inner electrode and the outer electrode cannot be replaced separately on the inner tube and the outer tube. Usually, the outer electrode, which serves as the positive electrode, wears more than the inner electrode. When the outer electrode wears severely, the inner electrode can still be used, but due to the fixed structure, the entire balloon catheter needs to be replaced. In actual surgery, the balloon catheter is replaced many times, which leads to prolonged surgery time and increased surgery costs, greatly affecting the treatment effect. In addition, the inner electrode and the outer electrode are connected by an electrode wire, one end of the electrode wire is welded to the electrode pair, and the other end of the electrode wire is connected to the energy generation controller. The inner electrode, the outer electrode, and the electrode wire are fixed and cannot be replaced. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a balloon catheter for cardiovascular stenosis, which can prolong the life of the balloon catheter and shorten the operation time by quickly replacing electrodes.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, a technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0006] A balloon catheter comprises a catheter body, a balloon connected to the distal end of the catheter body, and an electrode. The catheter body is provided with a plurality of electrode cavities extending from its proximal end to the balloon, and only one electrode is provided in the electrode cavity. The electrode extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the electrode cavity. The electrode can be movably arranged in the electrode cavity and can be taken out from the electrode cavity in a replacement state; the proximal ends of the electrodes in two adjacent electrode cavities respectively form a positive conductive connection end and a negative conductive connection end; each electrode cavity is provided with a first hole connected to the balloon, and two adjacent electrodes are exposed between the first holes to form a conductive area.

[0007] Preferably, the catheter body includes an inner catheter and an outer catheter sleeved outside the inner catheter, the distal end of the inner catheter extends out of the distal end of the outer catheter, the proximal end of the balloon is connected to the distal end of the outer catheter, and the distal end of the balloon is connected to the distal end of the inner catheter.

[0008] Preferably, the electrode cavity is located inside the inner catheter, a second hole is formed on the inner catheter, and the second hole is connected to the balloon through the first hole.

[0009] Further preferably, a guidewire cavity is provided in the inner catheter, and a plurality of electrode cavities are provided and evenly distributed around the guidewire cavity.

[0010] Preferably, the electrode cavity is located between the inner catheters.

[0011] Further preferably, the catheter body further comprises an electrode catheter, the electrode cavity is formed inside the electrode catheter, and the outer wall of the electrode catheter located in the balloon is connected to the outer wall of the inner catheter.

[0012] Further preferably, the plurality of electrode cavities are evenly distributed around the inner catheter.

[0013] Preferably, the electrode surfaces are provided with an insulating layer, and a third hole is opened on the insulating layer at a position corresponding to the first hole; or the electrode shells are provided with an insulating tube, and a fourth hole is opened on the insulating tube at a position corresponding to the first hole.

[0014] Preferably, the electrode cavity and the catheter body are made of Pebax, FEP, nylon, polyimide or PTFE, and the electrode is made of gold, silver, copper, tantalum, stainless steel, tungsten alloy or platinum-iridium alloy.

[0015] Another technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0016] A balloon catheter comprises a catheter body, a balloon connected to the distal end of the catheter body, and an electrode. The catheter body comprises an inner catheter and an outer catheter sleeved outside the inner catheter. The distal end of the inner catheter extends out of the distal end of the outer catheter, the proximal end of the balloon is connected to the distal end of the outer catheter, and the distal end of the balloon is connected to the distal end of the inner catheter. The catheter body is provided with a plurality of electrode cavities extending from its proximal end to the balloon. The electrode cavity located in the balloon is located inside the inner catheter. Only one electrode is arranged in the electrode cavity. The electrode extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the electrode cavity. The electrode can be movably arranged in the electrode cavity and can be taken out from the electrode cavity in a replacement state. The proximal ends of the electrodes in two adjacent electrode cavities respectively form a positive conductive connection end and a negative conductive connection end. Each electrode cavity is provided with a first hole connected to the balloon. The inner catheter is provided with a second hole. The second hole is connected to the balloon through the first hole. Two adjacent electrodes are exposed between the first hole and the second hole to form a conductive area.

[0017] Preferably, the electrode cavity is located within the inner catheter.

[0018] Preferably, a guidewire cavity is provided in the inner catheter, and a plurality of electrode cavities are provided and evenly distributed around the guidewire cavity.

[0019] Another technical solution adopted in the utility model is:

[0020] A balloon catheter comprises a catheter body, a balloon connected to the distal end of the catheter body, and an electrode. The catheter body comprises an inner catheter and an outer catheter sleeved outside the inner catheter. The distal end of the inner catheter extends out of the distal end of the outer catheter. The proximal end of the balloon is connected to the distal end of the outer catheter. The distal end of the balloon is connected to the distal end of the inner catheter. The catheter body is provided with a plurality of electrode cavities extending from its proximal end to the balloon. The electrode cavity in the balloon is located outside the inner catheter. Only one electrode is provided in the electrode cavity. The electrode extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the electrode cavity. The electrode can be movably arranged in the electrode cavity and can be taken out from the electrode cavity in a replacement state. The proximal ends of the electrodes in two adjacent electrode cavities respectively form a positive conductive connection end and a negative conductive connection end. Each electrode cavity is provided with a first hole connected to the balloon. Two adjacent electrodes are exposed between the first holes to form a conductive area.

[0021] Preferably, the electrode cavity is located inside the outer catheter and outside the inner catheter.

[0022] Preferably, the catheter body further comprises an electrode catheter, the electrode cavity is formed inside the electrode catheter, and the outer wall of the electrode catheter located in the balloon is connected to the outer wall of the inner catheter.

[0023] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0024] The balloon catheter provided by the present invention has an electrode cavity, in which only one electrode is arranged, and two adjacent electrodes are exposed between the first holes of the electrode cavity to form a conductive area. During the operation, the electrode can be replaced quickly and timely according to the actual discharge effect and the display life of the catheter, which reduces the replacement of the catheter, simplifies the surgical operation, prolongs the life of the catheter, reduces the operation time, and reduces the operation cost.

[0025] The balloon catheter provided by the utility model simplifies surgical operations, reduces patient costs and surgical time, and has a simple structure and is easy to implement while maintaining long-term patency rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the balloon catheter of Example 1 and Example 2;

[0027] Attached Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the balloon catheter of Example 1;

[0028] Attached Figure 3 is a longitudinal view of the third hole on the inner conduit of the first embodiment;

[0029] Attached Figure 4 is an axial view of the inner catheter of Example 1;

[0030] Attached Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrodes of Example 1 and Example 2;

[0031] Attached Figure 6 It is a longitudinal view of an electrode of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 with an insulating layer disposed outside;

[0032] Attached Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the balloon catheter of the second embodiment.

[0033] In the above attached figure:

[0034] 1-inner catheter, 11-second hole, 2-outer catheter, 3-balloon, 4-electrode cavity, 41-first hole, 5-electrode, 51-insulating layer, 52-third hole, 6-guidewire cavity, 9-handle, 10-energy supply unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solution of the utility model will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] See also Figures 1 to 5 The balloon catheter provided in this embodiment is preferably used for cardiovascular stenosis lesions. The catheter includes a catheter body, a balloon 3 connected to the distal end of the catheter body, and an electrode 5.

[0039] To facilitate replacement of the electrode 5, an electrode cavity 4 extending into the balloon 3 is provided in the catheter body, and the electrode cavity 4 is in the same extension direction as the catheter body. Only one electrode 5 is provided in the electrode cavity 4, and the electrode 5 extends from the proximal end of the electrode cavity 4 to the distal end of the electrode cavity 4. A first hole 41 connected to the balloon 3 is provided on each electrode cavity 4, and two adjacent electrodes 5 are exposed between the first holes 41 to form a conductive area, which is used to generate shock waves.

[0040] The first hole 41 can be circular, elliptical, square, trapezoidal (wide at the top and narrow at the bottom) or other realizable shapes, as long as a portion of the electrode 5 can be exposed in the first hole 41 .

[0041] Preferably, a plurality of first holes 41 are arranged axially and / or circumferentially along the electrode cavity 4, and two adjacent electrodes 5 are exposed between the first holes 41 to form a conductive area to form a plurality of shock wave generating areas, so that shock waves can be generated around the periphery (the entire circle) of the balloon 3 to act on a larger area of ​​narrow diseased blood vessels, thereby breaking up the calcified plaques and improving the treatment effect.

[0042] The insulation of the electrode cavity 4 means that the inner wall of the electrode cavity 4 is coated with an insulating coating, the insulating coating material is polyimide, and it can increase the smoothness, so that the electrode 5 and the electrode 5 can pass through the electrode cavity 4 quickly and smoothly; or an insulating tube is arranged in the electrode cavity 4, and the insulating tube is made of Pebax, FEP, nylon, polyimide or PTFE, and its inner wall is smooth, so that the electrode 5 can pass through quickly and smoothly.

[0043] The electrode 5 is in the shape of a strip, and the electrode 5 is movably arranged in the electrode cavity 4 along its length direction. In the working state, the electrode will not shake in the electrode cavity 4; when installed, the electrode 5 passes along the electrode cavity 4 and enters the target position of the electrode cavity 4; in the replacement state, the electrode 5 can be pulled out of the electrode cavity 4. If the electrode 5 is worn out, it can be taken out along the electrode cavity 4, and then a new electrode 5 can be inserted into the electrode cavity 4 to ensure normal operation; the electrodes 5 in multiple electrode cavities can be replaced independently or simultaneously, and can be replaced conveniently and quickly, so there is no need to replace the entire catheter, thereby extending the life of the catheter and reducing the operation time and cost. The life of the catheter is determined by the life of the electrode 5. By replacing the electrode 5 to extend the life of the catheter, only one catheter is needed in the actual operation, which greatly saves costs.

[0044] The electrode 5 is made of metal material, and the material is selected from gold, silver, copper, tantalum, stainless steel, tungsten alloy or platinum-iridium alloy, preferably stainless steel. The electrode 5 is preferably a metal wire, a metal rod, a metal spring bar, a metal tube or a metal spring tube, and the electrode 5 can be the same material or different materials. The wire gauge of the electrode 5 is preferably AWG30-AWG46.

[0045] The surface of the electrode 5 is provided with an insulating layer 51, see Figure 6 A third hole 52 is opened on the insulating layer 51 at a position corresponding to the first hole 41, and a portion of the insulating layer 51 (circular, elliptical or square, etc.) is removed to form the third hole 52 (discharge site), and the electrode 5 is exposed at the positions of the first hole 41 and the third hole 52 to form a conductive area that generates shock waves.

[0046] Alternatively, there is no insulating layer 51 outside the electrode 5, and an insulating tube is arranged outside the two, and a fourth hole is opened on the insulating tube at a position corresponding to the first hole 41. The electrode 5 is exposed at the position of the first hole 41 and the fourth hole to form a conductive area, and discharge is performed by forming a conductive area between two adjacent electrodes 5 exposed at the first hole 41. Extending the insulating tube with the built-in electrode 5 into the electrode cavity 4 can improve the smoothness of the electrode 5 entering the electrode cavity 4, improve the replacement efficiency, and reduce the operation time. When replacing the electrode 5, the insulating tube can be taken out from the electrode cavity 4, and the electrode 5 is taken out with the insulating tube.

[0047] The working principle of the shock wave generated by the conductive area formed by the position between two adjacent electrodes 5 exposed in the first hole 41 is as follows: the electrode 5 itself is a wire (conductor), and when working, the balloon 3 is filled with a body medium (conductive), and a small amount of fluid medium (conductive) enters the electrode cavity 4 through the first hole 41, so that the electrode 5 can be immersed in the conductive fluid medium. When a voltage is applied to the electrode 5, the position between the two adjacent electrodes 5 exposed in the first hole 41 generates a controllable shock wave, which achieves the fragmentation of the plaque at the narrow position. The sum of the diameters of the electrodes 5 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the electrode cavity 4. After the electrodes 5 are extended into the electrode cavity 4, the electrodes 5 are close to the inner wall of the electrode cavity 4. When the electrodes 5 are all immersed in the conductive fluid medium, only a small amount of fluid medium may enter the electrode cavity 4 through the first hole 41, which will not affect the normal use of the catheter.

[0048] The proximal ends of the electrodes 5 in the two adjacent electrode cavities 4 form a positive conductive connection end and a negative conductive connection end, respectively. When the catheter is used, the positive conductive connection end and the negative conductive connection end of the electrode 5 are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the energy supply unit 10. The energy supply unit 10 can discharge to the electrode 5 according to the program, and the polarity of the discharged electrode 5 is switched by the energy supply unit 10. That is, when the electrode 5 in one electrode cavity 4 is connected to the positive electrode of the energy supply unit 10, the electrode 5 in the electrode cavity 4 adjacent to the electrode cavity 4 is connected to the negative electrode of the energy supply unit 10, or when the electrode 5 in one electrode cavity 4 is connected to the negative electrode of the energy supply unit 10, the electrode 5 in the electrode cavity 4 adjacent to the electrode cavity 4 is connected to the positive electrode of the energy supply unit 10.

[0049] The end of the electrode cavity 4 located in the balloon 3 is preferably closed. When the electrode 5 is placed along the electrode cavity 4, when the electrode 5 cannot move, it can be known that the electrode 5 has reached the target position in the catheter body, which is convenient for operation and positioning. If the end of the electrode cavity 4 located in the balloon 3 is open, a mark is made on the electrode 5 according to the length of the electrode cavity 4 and the length of the electrode 5 to the target position in the electrode cavity 4. At the same time, a bayonet can be set on the electrode cavity 4. When the electrode 5 reaches the preset length, the electrode 5 is fixed at the bayonet.

[0050] The electrode cavity 4 is preferably insulated, specifically, the inner wall of the electrode cavity 4 is coated with an insulating coating, the insulating coating material is polyimide, and can increase smoothness, so that the electrode 5 can quickly and smoothly pass through the electrode cavity 4; or the electrode cavity 4 is used as a channel, and an insulating tube 8 is arranged inside it. The insulating tube 8 is made of Pebax, FEP, nylon, polyimide or PTFE, and its inner wall is smooth, so that the electrode 5 can quickly and smoothly pass through the electrode cavity 4. Or the catheter body includes an electrode 5 catheter, and the electrode cavity 4 is formed inside the electrode 5 catheter.

[0051] The electrode cavity 4 is a straight tube or a spiral tube cavity. The material of the electrode cavity 4 is Pebax (polyether block amide elastomer with performance between synthetic rubber and thermoplastic polyurethane), FEP (perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer), polyimide, nylon or PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene). The electrode cavity 4 is a metal spiral tube or a braided tube.

[0052] The electrode cavity 4 and the catheter body are integrally formed of the same material, or the electrode cavity 4 and the catheter body are hot-melt formed of different materials. The catheter body is made of polyurethane, preferably Pebax, or FEP, nylon, polyimide or PTFE, and the catheter body is an insulating tube.

[0053] There are multiple electrode cavities 4 arranged along the axial direction of the catheter body, so that shock waves can be generated all around (in a whole circle) the balloon 3, which can increase the area where shock waves are generated, contact a larger area of ​​the lesion position, so as to improve the treatment effect, and the shock waves generated are more uniform. The electrodes 5 in the multiple axial electrode cavities 4 can move simultaneously or individually, so that the discharge part of the electrode 5 corresponds to the first hole 41 on the electrode cavity 4 for discharge.

[0054] The catheter further includes a guide component, which is used to pass through the electrode cavity 4 to guide the electrode 5 to the target position in the electrode cavity 4, so that the electrode 5 can reach the target position in the electrode cavity 4 along the guide component in the electrode cavity 4. The guide component is a guide wire or a guide rope, which can be made of metal, non-metal or other materials, and its surface can be coated to increase smoothness.

[0055] One end of the guide component can be fixed to the end of the electrode cavity 4 located in the balloon 3. If the electrode 5 is a metal wire, a metal rod or a metal spring strip, it can be inserted into the guide component and guided to the target position in the electrode cavity 4 by the guide component; if it is a metal tube or a metal spring tube, it can be sleeved on the guide component and sent into the target position in the electrode cavity 4.

[0056] The catheter body is also provided with a guidewire cavity 6 and a liquid perfusion cavity. The guidewire cavity 6 is used for the guidewire to pass through, and the guidewire is used to guide the balloon 3 to the target position; the liquid perfusion cavity is used for the fluid medium provided by the liquid supply unit to flow into the balloon 3. The guidewire cavity 6 is preferably located in the middle of the catheter body, depending on the matching guidewire.

[0057] The balloon catheter further includes a handle 9, which is disposed on the catheter body and is connected to the energy supply unit 10 for controlling the operation of the energy supply unit 10. The electrode 5 passes through the handle 9 and is electrically connected to the energy supply unit 10 through a wire, that is, the electrode cavity 4 passes through the handle 9, which is convenient for the operator to place the electrode 5 at the opening of the electrode cavity 4 at the handle 9; the guidewire cavity 6 extends to the handle 9, which is convenient for the operator to place the guidewire at the opening of the guidewire cavity 6 at the handle 9.

[0058] According to the length of the long segment stenosis lesion of the blood vessel, multiple balloons 3 can be set as needed along the extension direction of the catheter body, and intervals are maintained between the multiple balloons 3; when multiple balloons 3 are set, the electrode cavity 4 needs to extend into each balloon 3.

[0059] A specific structure of the catheter body is as follows: the catheter body includes an inner catheter 1, an outer catheter 2 sleeved outside the inner catheter 1, the distal end of the inner catheter 1 extends out of the distal end of the outer catheter 2, the proximal end of the balloon 3 is connected to the distal end of the outer catheter 2, the distal end of the balloon 3 is connected to the distal end of the inner catheter 1, and the distal end of the inner catheter 1 extends out of the distal end of the balloon 3.

[0060] At this time, the electrode cavity 4 is located in the balloon 3. The electrode cavity 4 is located inside the inner catheter 1. The inner catheter 1 is provided with a second hole 11, and the first hole 41 is connected to the balloon 3 through the second hole 11. A guidewire cavity 6 is provided in the inner catheter 1, and multiple electrode cavities 4 are provided and evenly distributed around the guidewire cavity 6. If two electrode cavities 4 are provided, the two electrode cavities 4 are arranged opposite to each other; if four electrode cavities 4 are provided, the four electrode cavities 4 are evenly distributed around the guidewire cavity 6, that is, the center of two adjacent electrode cavities 4 and the line connecting the center of the catheter body form an angle of 90 degrees. In this case, if the electrode cavity 4 is integrally formed with the inner catheter 1, the first hole 41 on the electrode cavity 4 and the second hole 11 on the inner catheter 1 are connected, and the first hole 41 and the second hole 11 are a through hole; if an insulating tube forms the electrode cavity 4, a gap is maintained between the first hole 41 on the electrode cavity 4 and the second hole 11 on the inner catheter 1.

[0061] In this case, the electrode cavity 4 is preferably located inside the inner catheter 1, that is, the proximal end of the electrode cavity 4 is arranged inside the inner catheter 1 located inside the outer catheter 2, and the distal end of the electrode cavity 4 is arranged inside the inner catheter 1 located inside the balloon 3, which is convenient for processing and production; or the proximal end of the electrode cavity 4 is arranged outside the inner catheter 1 located inside the outer catheter 2, and the distal end of the electrode cavity 4 is arranged inside the inner catheter 1 located inside the balloon 3.

[0062] Or the electrode cavity 4 located in the balloon 3 is located outside the inner catheter 1. Preferably, the electrode cavity 4 is located inside the outer catheter 2 and outside the inner catheter 1. In this case, the catheter body also includes an electrode 5 catheter. The electrode cavity 4 is formed inside the electrode 5 catheter. The outer wall of the electrode 5 catheter located in the balloon 3 is connected to the outer wall of the inner catheter 1. The electrode 5 catheter can be replaced, which is convenient to use. Preferably, the electrode 5 catheter is connected to the inner catheter 1 by bonding, bundling or snap fasteners. In this case, multiple electrode cavities 4 can be provided, and the multiple electrode cavities 4 are evenly distributed around the inner catheter 1. If two electrode cavities 4 are provided, the two electrode cavities 4 are arranged opposite to each other; if four electrode cavities 4 are provided, the four electrode cavities 4 are evenly distributed around the inner catheter 1, that is, the angle formed by the center of each of the two adjacent electrode cavities 4 and the line connecting the center of the inner catheter 1 is 90 degrees.

[0063] In this case, the electrode cavity 4 is located inside the outer catheter 2 and outside the inner catheter 1, that is, the proximal end of the electrode cavity 4 is arranged inside the inner catheter 1 located inside the outer catheter 2, and the distal end of the electrode cavity 4 is arranged outside the inner catheter 1 located inside the balloon 3, which is convenient for processing and production; or the proximal end of the electrode cavity 4 is arranged outside the inner catheter 1 located inside the outer catheter 2, and the distal end of the electrode cavity 4 is arranged outside the inner catheter 1 located inside the balloon 3.

[0064] Embodiment 2

[0065] See also Figure 7 The balloon catheter provided in this embodiment includes a catheter body, a balloon 3 connected to the distal end of the catheter body, and an electrode 5. The catheter body includes an inner catheter 1 and an outer catheter 2 sleeved outside the inner catheter 1. The distal end of the inner catheter 1 extends out of the distal end of the outer catheter 2, the proximal end of the balloon 3 is connected to the distal end of the outer catheter 2, and the distal end of the balloon 3 is connected to the distal end of the inner catheter 1. A plurality of electrode cavities 4 extending from the proximal end thereof to the balloon 3 are arranged in the catheter body. The electrode cavity 4 located in the balloon 3 is located inside the inner catheter 1. Only one electrode 5 is arranged in the electrode cavity 4. The electrode 5 extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the electrode cavity 4. The proximal ends of the electrodes 5 in two adjacent electrode cavities 4 form a positive conductive connection end and a negative conductive connection end respectively. Each electrode cavity 4 is provided with a first hole 41 connected to the balloon 3. The inner catheter 1 is provided with a second hole 11. The second hole 11 is connected to the balloon 3 through the first hole 41. Two adjacent electrodes 5 are exposed between the first hole 41 and the second hole 11 to form a conductive area.

[0066] Preferably, the electrode cavity 4 is located in the inner catheter 1 for easy processing and production. The catheter body also includes a guidewire cavity 6, and four electrode cavities 4 are provided and evenly distributed around the guidewire cavity 6.

[0067] In this embodiment, the electrode cavity 4 can be integrally formed with the inner catheter 1 for better processing. The electrode cavity 4 is located in the inner catheter 1 to reduce the diameter of the catheter body, which is suitable for thinner blood vessels.

[0068] Embodiment 3

[0069] The balloon catheter provided in this embodiment includes a catheter body, a balloon 3 connected to the distal end of the catheter body, and an electrode 5. The catheter body includes an inner catheter 1 and an outer catheter 2 sleeved outside the inner catheter 1. The distal end of the inner catheter 1 extends out of the distal end of the outer catheter 2, the proximal end of the balloon 3 is connected to the distal end of the outer catheter 2, and the distal end of the balloon 3 is connected to the distal end of the inner catheter 1. The catheter body is provided with a plurality of electrode cavities 4 extending from its proximal end to the balloon 3. The electrode cavity 4 located in the balloon 3 is located outside the inner catheter 1. Only one electrode 5 is arranged in the electrode cavity 4. The electrode 5 extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the electrode cavity 4. The proximal ends of the electrodes 5 in two adjacent electrode cavities 4 respectively form a positive conductive connecting end and a negative conductive connecting end; each electrode cavity 4 is provided with a first hole 41 connected to the balloon 3, and two adjacent electrodes 5 are exposed between the first holes 41 to form a conductive area.

[0070] The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the electrode cavity 4 located in the balloon 3 is located outside the inner catheter 1 , and the second hole 11 does not need to be provided on the inner catheter 1 .

[0071] See also Figures 5 to 7 There are four electrode cavities 4 , and the four electrode cavities 4 are evenly distributed around the inner catheter 1 .

[0072] In this embodiment, the electrode cavity 4 located in the balloon 3 is located outside the inner catheter 1. The conductive area formed by the position between two adjacent electrodes 5 exposed in the first hole 41 is closer to the balloon 3 than the conductive area in the first embodiment. The shock wave can contact the lesion site more quickly and the vibration intensity is higher, and the treatment effect is better.

[0073] The specific implementation methods of the balloon catheters of the two embodiments are as follows: Puncture through the guide wire to reach the long-segment stenosis lesion position of the target blood vessel, first release the distal balloon 3, then pass the electrode 5 (a long metal strip such as a wire, rod or spring) through the electrode cavity 4 to the target position of the electrode cavity 4 (the target position refers to the third hole 52 on the insulating layer 51 of the electrode 5 corresponding to the first hole 41 on the electrode cavity 4, or the fourth hole on the insulating tube outside the electrode 5 corresponds to the first hole 41 on the electrode cavity 4), and then after the fluid medium is perfused into the balloon 3 to fill the balloon 3, the conductive area of ​​the electrode 5 is discharged to generate shock waves, so as to achieve plaque fragmentation at the stenotic position, thereby achieving the recanalization treatment of the long-segment stenotic blood vessel and maintaining the patency of the long-term lesion blood vessel. During the operation, according to the actual discharge effect and the catheter display life (when the shock wave voltage is less than the preset voltage threshold, or the shock wave current is less than the preset current threshold, the electrode 5 needs to be replaced).

[0074] The balloon catheter provided by the two embodiments has an electrode cavity 4, in which only one electrode 5 is provided, and two adjacent electrodes 5 are exposed between the first holes 41 of the electrode cavity 4 to form a conductive area. During the operation, the electrode 5 can be replaced quickly and timely according to the actual discharge effect and the life of the catheter display, thereby reducing the need to replace the catheter, simplifying the surgical operation, extending the life of the catheter, reducing the operation time, and reducing the cost of the operation.

[0075] The balloon catheter provided in this embodiment is used to treat cardiovascular stenosis lesions. The catheter can generate shock waves to shatter calcified lesions, maintain long-term patency, and ultimately achieve the purpose of treating cardiovascular stenosis. It provides a simple and low-cost solution for the treatment of complex calcified lesions in the cardiovascular field through vascular access.

[0076] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the utility model, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the utility model and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A balloon catheter, comprising a catheter body, a balloon connected to the distal end of the catheter body, and an electrode, characterized in that: The catheter body is provided with a plurality of electrode cavities extending from its proximal end to the balloon, and only one electrode is provided in the electrode cavity, and the electrode extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the electrode cavity. The electrode can be movably arranged in the electrode cavity and can be taken out from the electrode cavity in a replacement state; the proximal ends of the electrodes in two adjacent electrode cavities respectively form a positive conductive connection end and a negative conductive connection end; each electrode cavity is provided with a first hole connected to the balloon, and two adjacent electrodes are exposed between the first holes to form a conductive area.

2. The balloon catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catheter body comprises an inner catheter and an outer catheter sleeved outside the inner catheter, the distal end of the inner catheter extends out of the distal end of the outer catheter, the proximal end of the balloon is connected to the distal end of the outer catheter, and the distal end of the balloon is connected to the distal end of the inner catheter.

3. The balloon catheter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electrode cavity is located in the inner catheter, a second hole is provided on the inner catheter, and the second hole is connected with the balloon through the first hole.

4. The balloon catheter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electrode cavity is located between the outer catheter and the inner catheter.

5. The balloon catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode surfaces are all provided with an insulating layer, and a third hole is opened on the insulating layer at a position corresponding to the first hole; or the electrode jackets are provided with an insulating tube, and a fourth hole is opened on the insulating tube at a position corresponding to the first hole.

6. The balloon catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode cavity and the catheter body are made of Pebax, FEP, nylon, polyimide or PTFE, and the electrode is made of gold, silver, copper, tantalum, stainless steel, tungsten alloy or platinum-iridium alloy.

7. A balloon catheter, comprising a catheter body, a balloon connected to the distal end of the catheter body, and an electrode, wherein the catheter body comprises an inner catheter and an outer catheter sleeved outside the inner catheter, the distal end of the inner catheter extends out of the distal end of the outer catheter, the proximal end of the balloon is connected to the distal end of the outer catheter, and the distal end of the balloon is connected to the distal end of the inner catheter, characterized in that: The catheter body is provided with a plurality of electrode cavities extending from its proximal end to the balloon. The electrode cavity in the balloon is located inside the inner catheter. Only one electrode is provided in the electrode cavity. The electrode extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the electrode cavity. The electrode can be movably arranged in the electrode cavity and can be taken out from the electrode cavity in a replacement state. The proximal ends of the electrodes in two adjacent electrode cavities respectively form a positive conductive connecting end and a negative conductive connecting end. Each electrode cavity is provided with a first hole connected to the balloon. The inner catheter is provided with a second hole. The second hole is connected to the balloon through the first hole. Two adjacent electrodes are exposed between the first hole and the second hole to form a conductive area.

8. The balloon catheter according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electrode cavity is located in the inner catheter.

9. A balloon catheter, comprising a catheter body, a balloon connected to the distal end of the catheter body, and an electrode, wherein the catheter body comprises an inner catheter and an outer catheter sleeved outside the inner catheter, the distal end of the inner catheter extends out of the distal end of the outer catheter, the proximal end of the balloon is connected to the distal end of the outer catheter, and the distal end of the balloon is connected to the distal end of the inner catheter, characterized in that: The catheter body is provided with a plurality of electrode cavities extending from its proximal end to the balloon. The electrode cavity in the balloon is located outside the inner catheter. Only one electrode is provided in the electrode cavity. The electrode extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the electrode cavity. The electrode can be movably arranged in the electrode cavity and can be taken out from the electrode cavity in a replacement state. The proximal ends of the electrodes in two adjacent electrode cavities respectively form a positive conductive connection end and a negative conductive connection end. Each electrode cavity is provided with a first hole connected to the balloon, and two adjacent electrodes are exposed between the first holes to form a conductive area.

10. The balloon catheter according to claim 9, characterized in that: The electrode cavity is located inside the outer catheter and outside the inner catheter.

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