Workpiece fixing device for machining

Abstract

The utility model relates to a workpiece fixing device for machining, which is used for positioning and fixing a workpiece, and comprises a bottom plate, a base plate and a fixing plate, at least two positioning pins and at least two auxiliary positioning columns are arranged on the bottom plate, the positioning pins are used for being matched and positioned with positioning pin holes formed in the workpiece, and the auxiliary positioning columns are used for being matched and positioned with smooth mounting holes formed in the workpiece; the diameter of the auxiliary positioning column is larger than that of the positioning pin; in the workpiece hoisting direction, the extension height of the auxiliary positioning column is larger than that of the positioning pin, and the workpiece hoisting device has the advantages of facilitating workpiece installation and being accurate in positioning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machining equipment, in particular to a workpiece fixing device for machining. Background Art

[0002] During the machining process, the workpiece usually needs to be positioned and clamped to avoid displacement of the workpiece due to inaccurate positioning or poor fixing effect during the machining process, resulting in low machining accuracy and high defective rate of the workpiece.

[0003] In the automotive engine parts manufacturing and processing industry, the engine's cylinder block, cylinder head, base, box and other parts are usually placed on the fixture by hoisting due to their large size and heavy weight. In this process, the workpiece is positioned using locating pins and locating holes on the workpiece to place it in the preset position, then clamped and fixed, and finally machined.

[0004] However, during the process of lifting the workpiece, because the workpiece itself has a certain weight and the workpiece is prone to swing to a certain extent during lifting, it is easy to cause the workpiece to be positioned inaccurately, making it easy for the workpiece and the locating pin to collide. On the one hand, it may cause the locating pin to deform, thereby affecting the positioning effect and service life of the locating pin. On the other hand, the mutual interference between the locating pin and the workpiece is likely to cause scratches and bumps on the workpiece support surface.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent for those skilled in the art to provide a workpiece fixing device for machining, which is convenient for accurate positioning and has a long service life. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the defects in the prior art, thereby providing a workpiece fixing device for mechanical processing.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A workpiece fixing device for mechanical processing is used to position and fix the workpiece, including a base plate; at least two positioning pins and at least two auxiliary positioning columns are provided on the base plate, the positioning pins are used to cooperate with positioning pin holes provided on the workpiece for positioning, and the auxiliary positioning columns are used to cooperate with smooth mounting holes provided on the workpiece for positioning; the diameter of the auxiliary positioning columns is larger than that of the positioning pins; along the workpiece lifting direction, the extension height of the auxiliary positioning columns is larger than the extension height of the positioning pins.

[0009] Preferably, the outer wall surface of the locating pin has a positioning state in which it fits with the inner wall surface of the locating pin hole; the outer wall surface of the auxiliary locating column has a positioning state in which it fits with the inner wall surface of the smooth mounting hole.

[0010] Preferably, a guide arc surface is provided at one end of the auxiliary positioning column away from the bottom plate, and the diameter of the guide arc surface gradually increases from the auxiliary positioning column toward the bottom plate.

[0011] Preferably, at least a partial outer wall surface of the auxiliary positioning column away from one end of the bottom plate has a buffer layer; and the outer wall surface of the positioning pin has a positioning state of being in contact with the inner wall surface of the positioning pin hole.

[0012] Preferably, the outer wall surface of the positioning pin has a positioning state of being fitted with the inner wall surface of the positioning pin hole; and an adjustable gap is provided between the outer wall surface of the auxiliary positioning column and the inner wall surface of the smooth mounting hole.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of limit plates are further included; the limit plates are used to abut against the vertical plane of the workpiece.

[0014] Preferably, the limiting plate comprises an abutting section and an inclined guiding section; the abutting section is used for abutting and limiting with the vertical plane, one end of the abutting section is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, and the other end is connected to the inclined guiding section.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] The workpiece fixing device provided in the above technical solution for mechanical processing can make the workpiece preferentially positioned and matched with the auxiliary positioning column through the smooth mounting hole provided thereon, and then positioned and matched with the positioning pin through the positioning pin hole provided thereon during the hoisting process by providing two auxiliary positioning columns with a larger diameter than the positioning pin and an extended height also greater than the positioning pin. The auxiliary positioning column has a larger diameter, which is convenient for the operator to adjust the workpiece for alignment, and then the position of the positioning pin and the positioning pin hole on the workpiece can be roughly located, and then the positioning and matching of the positioning pin hole and the positioning pin are facilitated. On the one hand, it is convenient for the operator to perform installation operations, and on the other hand, it is conducive to avoiding the positioning pin from being deformed due to collision, which affects the positioning effect and service life of the positioning pin, and can also avoid the mutual interference between the positioning pin and the workpiece, which easily leads to scratches and bumps on the workpiece support surface. In addition, the auxiliary positioning column is based on the smooth mounting hole on the workpiece, which can avoid the force between the auxiliary positioning column and the smooth mounting hole during the workpiece processing, which causes the characteristics of the workpiece to be destroyed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of a structure of one implementation of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Explosion diagram.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the workpiece from another perspective.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structural positions of the positioning pins, auxiliary positioning columns and buffer layers in one example of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of another implementation method of the utility model.

[0023] Description of reference numerals:

[0024] 100, workpiece; 1001, positioning pin hole; 1002, smooth mounting hole; 1003, vertical plane; 1, bottom plate; 2, positioning pin; 3, auxiliary positioning column; 31, guide arc surface; 4, buffer layer; 5, limit plate; 51, abutment section; 52, inclined guide section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solution of the utility model will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] The embodiment of the utility model provides a workpiece fixing device for mechanical processing, which is used to position and fix a workpiece 100, and includes a base plate 1 and a positioning pin 2. The positioning pin 2 is arranged on the base plate 1, and is used to position the workpiece 100 during the process of hoisting and placing the workpiece 100 on the fixing device, thereby facilitating the fixing of the workpiece 100.

[0029] See also Figures 1 to 3 Specifically, in order to facilitate the installation of the workpiece 100, in this embodiment, the positioning pins 2 are fixedly installed on the base plate 1, and two of them are fixedly installed to position the workpiece 100. Of course, in other embodiments, the positioning pins 2 can also be provided with three, four or more, as long as the workpiece 100 can be accurately positioned.

[0030] Since the engine or automobile parts themselves usually have a certain weight, they are installed on the operating station by hoisting, and then the workpiece 100 is positioned. However, the workpiece 100 usually swings to a certain extent during the hoisting process, and the size of the positioning pin 2 is usually small, which easily leads to the need to repeatedly adjust the position of the workpiece 100 so that the positioning pin hole 1001 on the workpiece 100 is aligned with the positioning pin 2, which is inconvenient for the installation of the workpiece 100. In addition, the mutual interference between the workpiece 100 and the positioning pin 2 easily causes scratches and bumps on the support surface of the workpiece 100, and affects the service life of the positioning pin 2.

[0031] In order to facilitate the installation of the workpiece 100 and at the same time avoid mutual interference between the workpiece 100 and the positioning pin 2, which may cause scratches and bumps on the supporting surface of the workpiece 100 and a short service life of the positioning pin 2, in the present embodiment, two auxiliary positioning columns 3 are provided on the base plate 1, and the auxiliary positioning columns 3 are used for positioning with the smooth mounting holes 1002 provided on the workpiece 100, and the diameter of the auxiliary positioning columns 3 is larger than the positioning pin 2; along the lifting direction of the workpiece 100, the extension height of the auxiliary positioning columns 3 is greater than the extension height of the positioning pin 2. By setting two auxiliary positioning columns 3 with a diameter larger than the positioning pin 2 and an extension height larger than the positioning pin 2, the workpiece 100 can be positioned and matched with the auxiliary positioning columns 3 through the smooth mounting holes 1002 set thereon in the process of hoisting, and then positioned and matched with the positioning pin 2 through the positioning pin holes 1001 set thereon. The auxiliary positioning columns 3 have a larger diameter, which is convenient for operators to adjust the workpiece 100 for alignment, and then the positions of the positioning pin 2 and the positioning pin holes 1001 on the workpiece 100 can be roughly positioned, and then the positioning pin holes 1001 and the positioning pin 2 can be positioned and matched. On the one hand, it is convenient for operators to perform installation operations, and on the other hand, it is conducive to avoiding the positioning pin 2 from deforming due to collision, which affects the positioning effect and service life of the positioning pin 2, and can also avoid the mutual interference between the positioning pin 2 and the workpiece 100, which easily leads to scratches and bumps on the support surface of the workpiece 100. In addition, the auxiliary positioning columns 3 are based on the smooth mounting holes 1002 on the workpiece 100, which can avoid the force between the auxiliary positioning columns 3 and the smooth mounting holes 1002 during the processing of the workpiece 100, resulting in the destruction of the features of the workpiece 100.

[0032] There are many ways for the auxiliary positioning column 3 and the positioning pin 2 to cooperate in positioning, which can make the fixing device convenient for the installation of the workpiece 100 and the positioning accurate, and at the same time can extend the service life of the positioning pin 2.

[0033] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the outer wall surface of the positioning pin 2 has a positioning state in which it is fitted with the inner wall surface of the positioning pin hole 1001; and the outer wall surface of the auxiliary positioning column 3 has a positioning state in which it is fitted with the inner wall surface of the smooth mounting hole 1002. That is, in the process of positioning and installing the workpiece 100, the outer wall surface of the auxiliary positioning column 3 is first fitted with the inner wall surface of the smooth mounting hole 1002 for positioning, and then the outer wall surface of the positioning pin 2 and the inner wall surface of the positioning pin hole 1001 are used for fitting and positioning. On the one hand, this setting can make the positioning of the workpiece 100 more accurate through multi-point positioning without increasing the difficulty of operation. On the other hand, since the workpiece 100 will be subjected to a certain external force during the processing, there will also be a certain force between the workpiece 100 and the positioning pin 2, and between the workpiece 100 and the auxiliary positioning column 3. Through the setting of the auxiliary positioning column 3, a part of the workpiece 100 and the positioning pin 2 can be offset, thereby increasing the service life of the positioning pin 2.

[0034] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the docking of the auxiliary positioning column 3 with the smooth mounting hole 1002, in this embodiment, a guide arc surface 31 is provided at one end of the auxiliary positioning column 3 away from the base plate 1, and the diameter of the guide arc surface 31 gradually increases from the auxiliary positioning column 3 to the base plate 1.

[0035] See also Figure 4 In another embodiment, at least the local outer wall surface of the auxiliary positioning column 3 away from the bottom plate 1 has a buffer layer 4, and the outer wall surface of the positioning pin 2 has a positioning state that fits with the inner wall surface of the positioning pin hole 1001. This setting allows the auxiliary positioning column 3 to avoid collision with the workpiece 100 and cause the workpiece 100 to be bumped or scratched by the setting of the buffer layer 4 during positioning. At the same time, the buffer layer 4 has a certain elasticity, which can achieve fine-tuning docking between the positioning pin 2 and the positioning pin hole 1001 after the auxiliary positioning column 3 is docked with the smooth mounting hole 1002, so that the positioning is more accurate and the workpiece 100 is prevented from colliding or scratching during the installation process. Of course, in other embodiments, the outer wall surface of the positioning pin 2 has a positioning state that fits with the inner wall surface of the positioning pin hole 1001; there is an adjustment gap between the outer wall surface of the auxiliary positioning column 3 and the inner wall surface of the smooth mounting hole 1002, and then the positioning pin 2 and the inner wall surface of the positioning pin hole 1001 are slightly adjusted by adjusting the gap, so that the positioning is more accurate, which is not shown in the figure.

[0036] Furthermore, the buffer layer 4 can be set as a nylon layer, a rubber layer, a paint layer, etc. In this embodiment, the buffer layer 4 is set in the area where the auxiliary positioning column 3 is higher than the positioning pin 2. Of course, in other embodiments, the buffer layer 4 can also cover the outer wall surface of the auxiliary positioning column 3.

[0037] See also Figure 5 , and also includes a plurality of limit plates 5; the limit plates 5 are used to abut against the vertical plane 1003 of the workpiece 100, and then the limit plates 5 are synchronously assisted to realize the positioning and clamping of the workpiece 100. Of course, in other embodiments, only the limit plates 5 or the auxiliary positioning columns 3 can also be set.

[0038] Specifically, the limiting plate 5 includes an abutting section 51 and an inclined guide section 52. The abutting section 51 is used to abut against the vertical plane 1003 for limiting, and the inclined guide section 52 is used to guide the workpiece 100 to be inserted between the abutting sections 51. One end of the abutting section 51 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 1, and the other end is connected to the inclined guide section 52. The setting of the inclined guide section 52 can guide the workpiece 100, so that the workpiece 100 can be better inserted between the abutting sections 51.

[0039] The above-mentioned implementation modes are only preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A workpiece fixing device for machining, used for positioning and fixing a workpiece, characterized in that: Including, base plate; The bottom plate is provided with at least two positioning pins and at least two auxiliary positioning columns, the positioning pins are used to cooperate with the positioning pin holes provided on the workpiece for positioning, and the auxiliary positioning columns are used to cooperate with the smooth mounting holes provided on the workpiece for positioning; The diameter of the auxiliary positioning column is larger than that of the positioning pin; Along the workpiece hoisting direction, the extension height of the auxiliary positioning column is greater than the extension height of the positioning pin.

2. A workpiece fixing device for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall surface of the positioning pin is in a positioning state in contact with the inner wall surface of the positioning pin hole; The outer wall surface of the auxiliary positioning column is in a positioning state of being fitted with the inner wall surface of the smooth mounting hole.

3. A workpiece fixing device for machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide arc surface is provided at one end of the auxiliary positioning column away from the bottom plate, and the diameter of the guide arc surface gradually increases from the auxiliary positioning column toward the bottom plate.

4. A workpiece fixing device for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least a partial outer wall surface of the auxiliary positioning column away from one end of the bottom plate has a buffer layer; The outer wall surface of the positioning pin is in a positioning state of being in contact with the inner wall surface of the positioning pin hole.

5. A workpiece fixing device for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall surface of the positioning pin is in a positioning state in contact with the inner wall surface of the positioning pin hole; An adjustable gap is provided between the outer wall surface of the auxiliary positioning column and the inner wall surface of the smooth mounting hole.

6. A workpiece fixing device for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes a number of limit plates; The limiting plate is used to abut against the vertical plane of the workpiece.

7. A workpiece fixing device for machining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting plate comprises an abutting section and an inclined guiding section; The abutting section is used for abutting against the vertical plane for limiting position. One end of the abutting section is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, and the other end is connected to the inclined guide section.

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