Gas bearing, compressor and air conditioning unit

Abstract

The utility model provides a gas bearing, a compressor and an air conditioning unit. The gas bearing comprises a shell, and a bearing cavity is formed in the shell. The number of the tile blocks is multiple, and all the tile blocks are annularly distributed in the bearing cavity with the central axis of the bearing cavity as the axis; and the damping structure is arranged between the tile blocks and the shell. According to the gas bearing, the compressor and the air conditioning unit provided by the utility model, the tile blocks are supported by the damping structures, the vibration of the rotor which cannot be absorbed by a gas film can be absorbed, the vortex motion of the gas film is inhibited, the change of gas film pressure distribution caused by the change of the central position of the rotor is adapted, and the instability of the rotor is avoided; therefore, the working reliability of the compressor and the air conditioning unit is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of compression equipment, in particular to a gas bearing, a compressor and an air conditioning unit. Background Art

[0002] It is a major development trend to replace coal-fired boilers with air source heat pump technology. The use of heat pump technology to extract heat from the air source and finally output high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor can effectively solve the pollution problem of fuel boilers. At the same time, this air source heat pump can extract heat from the air source, with wide adaptability and energy-saving effects. There is no mature air source heat pump system to replace coal-fired boilers in China, and its bottleneck is the oil-free water vapor compressor. Due to the presence of lubricating oil, the water vapor compressor in the traditional MVR industry must consider the oil lubrication system and oil cooling system of oil supply and return during design, which increases the complexity of design, manufacturing, maintenance and control, and increases huge initial costs and operating and maintenance costs. The large compressor causes the heat pump system to occupy a large area, and there is a risk of lubricating oil contaminating the steam. It is not suitable for food, medicine and other fields that require high steam purity. At present, there are three main development directions for oil-free: magnetic bearings, water-lubricated bearings and air bearings. Since the exhaust temperature of the water vapor compressor is as high as over 100°C, magnetic bearings are difficult to cool and have short-circuit problems; water-lubricated bearings use water as the lubricating medium, and there is also the problem of short-circuit of motor electrical components; and air bearings are considered to be the most suitable development direction for oil-free water vapor compressors.

[0003] At present, the most widely used air suspension bearing solutions are hydrodynamic foil bearings and gas-lubricated hydrostatic gas bearings. Hydrodynamic foil bearings have low stiffness and are suitable for high speed and light load. However, water vapor compressors have large loads and long cantilever ends and cannot meet the critical speed and load requirements. Gas-lubricated hydrostatic bearings are mostly used in low-speed and heavy-load conditions. When running at high speeds, due to the influence of the air film vortex, hydrostatic bearings will produce relatively strong subsynchronous vibrations, affecting the stability of the shaft system and causing the compressor to be unable to work reliably. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem of poor reliability of compressors in the prior art, a gas bearing, a compressor and an air conditioning unit are provided with a damping structure to provide support for the tiles and absorb vibration to improve stability.

[0005] A gas bearing, comprising:

[0006] a housing, wherein a bearing cavity is formed in the housing;

[0007] A plurality of tiles are provided, and all of the tiles are distributed in the bearing cavity in a ring shape with the central axis of the bearing cavity as the axis;

[0008] A damping structure is arranged between the tile and the shell.

[0009] The damping structure comprises a plurality of damping blocks, the damping blocks correspond to the tiles one by one, and there is a spacing between two adjacent damping blocks.

[0010] A receiving groove is formed on the side wall of the damping block facing the tile, the tile is located in the receiving groove, and the side of the tile away from the damping block protrudes from the receiving groove.

[0011] An air hole is arranged on the damping structure below the central axis of the bearing cavity.

[0012] A silencer hole is provided on the damping structure below the central axis of the bearing cavity.

[0013] The sound-absorbing hole is filled with sound-absorbing material.

[0014] The diameter of the muffler hole ranges from 2 mm to 6 mm.

[0015] The material of the damping structure includes EPDM rubber.

[0016] A compressor comprises the above-mentioned gas bearing.

[0017] An air conditioning unit comprises the above-mentioned gas bearing or the above-mentioned compressor.

[0018] The gas bearing, compressor and air-conditioning unit provided by the utility model utilize a damping structure to support the tiles, and can absorb the vibration of the rotor that cannot be absorbed by the air film, suppress the vortex of the air film, adapt to the changes in the air film pressure distribution caused by the change of the rotor center position, avoid rotor instability, and thus effectively improve the working reliability of the compressor and the air-conditioning unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a gas bearing provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a damping structure of a gas bearing provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a damping structure of a gas bearing provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of the structure of the damping structure of the gas bearing provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] In the figure:

[0024] 1. Shell; 2. Tiles; 3. Damping blocks; 31. Receiving grooves; 32. Air holes; 33. Silence holes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so as to describe the embodiments of the present invention described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0028] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] At present, the most widely used air suspension bearing solutions are hydrodynamic foil bearings and gas-lubricated hydrostatic gas bearings. Hydrodynamic foil bearings have low stiffness and are suitable for high speed and light load. However, water vapor compressors have large loads and long cantilever ends and cannot meet the critical speed and load requirements. Gas-lubricated hydrostatic bearings are mostly used in low-speed and heavy-load conditions. When running at high speeds, due to the influence of the air film vortex, the hydrostatic bearings will produce relatively strong subsynchronous vibrations, affecting the stability of the shaft system and causing the compressor to be unable to work reliably. Although ordinary porous medium hydrostatic bearings meet the load and stiffness requirements, the air film pressure distribution changes during high-speed operation, and the air film vortex will produce relatively strong subsynchronous vibrations. The damping of the air film is too small to absorb the vibration of the rotor, and the stability of the shaft system is poor. To this end, the present application provides a method such as Figures 1 to 4 The gas bearing shown comprises: a housing 1, wherein a bearing cavity is formed in the housing 1; a plurality of pads 2, wherein all the pads 2 are distributed in the bearing cavity in a ring shape with the central axis of the bearing cavity as the axis; and a damping structure, wherein the damping structure is arranged between the pads 2 and the housing 1. The damping structure is used to support the pads 2, and can absorb the vibration of the rotor that cannot be absorbed by the air film, suppress the vortex of the air film, adapt to the change of the air film pressure distribution caused by the change of the rotor center position, and avoid the instability of the rotor, thereby effectively improving the working reliability of the compressor and the air conditioning unit.

[0031] Since the pad 2 will swing according to the change of the rotor position, that is, the pad 2 needs to produce relative movement inside the housing 1, the damping structure includes a plurality of damping blocks 3, and the damping blocks 3 correspond to the pads 2 one by one, and there is a spacing between two adjacent damping blocks 3. Each damping block 3 can reliably support the pad 2 corresponding to it, and there is a spacing between the damping blocks 3, that is, it can conveniently provide an escape space for the damping block 3 to deform after being subjected to pressure, and it can also ensure that the pad 2 and the damping block 3 can move according to the change of the rotor position, and ensure the support reliability of the gas bearing to the rotor. As an embodiment, the damping block 3 is formed with a receiving groove 31 on the side wall facing the pad 2, the pad 2 is located in the receiving groove 31, and the side of the pad 2 away from the damping block 3 protrudes from the receiving groove 31. The receiving groove 31 is used to limit the pad 2 and the damping block 3, to ensure the integrity of the damping block 3 and the pad 2, and further ensure the structural reliability of the gas bearing.

[0032] Since the rotor has a certain mass, under the action of gravity, the rotor will support the gas bearing below its central axis. During normal operation, the central axis of the rotor can be colinear with the central axis of the gas bearing. In order to ensure that a reliable air film is formed on the lower part of the rotor, an air hole 32 is provided on the damping structure below the central axis of the bearing cavity. The gas delivered to the gas bearing first flows into the interior of the shell 1, and then flows to the shoe 2 through the air hole 32 on the damping structure, so that an air film can be reliably formed between the shoe 2 and the rotor, thereby ensuring the support effect on the rotor.

[0033] In addition, since the position of the pad 2 changes during the rotation of the rotor, the gas bearing will generate noise. A silencer hole 33 is provided on the damping structure below the central axis of the bearing cavity. The silencer hole 33 is used to absorb the generated noise. At the same time, due to the existence of the silencer hole 33, the deformation capacity of the damping structure is further improved, and the vibration absorption capacity can be improved, which effectively improves the working reliability of the compressor and the air-conditioning unit. In order to further eliminate the noise, the silencer hole 33 is filled with a silencer material. The silencer material is used to absorb the noise, thereby reducing the noise of the gas bearing. Preferably, the silencer material is foam.

[0034] The diameter of the silencer hole 33 ranges from 2 mm to 6 mm, preferably, the diameter is 4 mm. A silencer hole 33 that is too small has a weak ability to eliminate noise, and may cause whistling and other problems due to the passage of gas, and the deformation capacity of the damping structure is improved less. A silencer hole 33 that is too large has a weak ability to eliminate noise, and a silencer hole 33 that is too large occupies a larger portion of the overall size of the damping structure, causing the structural strength of the damping structure to weaken, increasing the risk of damage to the damping structure, and still affecting the structural reliability of the gas bearing.

[0035] All the silencer holes 33 are arranged in the shape of at least two semicircles on the damping structure, and the spacing between two adjacent semicircles (the center distance between two opposite silencer holes 33) is preferably 14 mm, which can ensure the structural strength of the damping structure and arrange as many silencer holes 33 as possible to improve the sound absorption and noise reduction effect.

[0036] The material of the damping structure includes EPDM, which is a terpolymer of ethylene, propylene and non-conjugated dienes. The most important characteristic is its superior resistance to oxidation, ozone and erosion. Since EPDM belongs to the polyolefin family, it has excellent vulcanization characteristics. Among all rubbers, EPDM has the lowest specific gravity. It can absorb a large amount of fillers and oils without affecting the characteristics.

[0037] A compressor includes the above-mentioned gas bearing. The gas bearing serves as a radial bearing of the compressor. The compressed working medium of the compressor is water vapor.

[0038] The compressor also includes a bearing support, on which there is an annular air supply groove, and air is taken from four interfaces of the air supply groove and supplied to the gas bearing through a hose, ensuring uniform air supply to each tile 2.

[0039] An air conditioning unit comprises the above-mentioned gas bearing or the above-mentioned compressor.

[0040] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the utility model, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the utility model. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, and these all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A gas bearing, characterized in that: include: A housing (1), wherein a bearing cavity is formed in the housing (1); A tile (2), wherein the number of the tile (2) is plural, and all the tiles (2) are distributed in the bearing cavity in a ring shape with the central axis of the bearing cavity as the axis; A damping structure, the damping structure being arranged between the tile (2) and the shell (1); The damping structure comprises a plurality of damping blocks (3), the damping blocks (3) corresponding to the tiles (2) one by one, and a spacing being provided between two adjacent damping blocks (3).

2. The gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A receiving groove (31) is formed on the side wall of the damping block (3) facing the tile (2), the tile (2) is located in the receiving groove (31), and the side of the tile (2) away from the damping block (3) protrudes from the receiving groove (31).

3. The gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air hole (32) is provided on the damping structure located below the central axis of the bearing cavity.

4. The gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A silencer hole (33) is provided on the damping structure below the central axis of the bearing cavity.

5. The gas bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sound-absorbing hole (33) is filled with sound-absorbing material.

6. The gas bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the muffler hole (33) ranges from 2 mm to 6 mm.

7. The gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the damping structure includes EPDM rubber.

8. A compressor, characterized in that: A gas bearing comprising the gas bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. An air conditioning unit, characterized in that: The invention comprises the gas bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the compressor according to claim 8.

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