Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, in particular to a photovoltaic module, which comprises a weather-proof layer, a water-oxygen barrier thin layer, a first adhesive film layer, a battery piece layer, a second adhesive film layer and a back plate which are sequentially stacked. According to the utility model, the structure of the photovoltaic module is designed, and the water-oxygen barrier thin layer with a specific composite structure is used as the front plate, so that the water-oxygen barrier performance of the photovoltaic module can be greatly improved while a supporting effect is achieved, the failure of the module caused by invasion of water vapor and oxygen is avoided, and the service life of the photovoltaic module is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, in particular to a photovoltaic component. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy has been widely developed and utilized because of its characteristics of being noise-free, pollution-free, safe and reliable, and can be combined with buildings. Among them, photovoltaic (battery) modules, as devices that convert solar energy into electrical energy, have also received increasing attention. The active materials of photovoltaic cells are sensitive to water vapor and are easily corroded by water vapor, causing increased resistance and serious power attenuation of the modules. The adhesive film used in photovoltaic modules is mainly ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), which has the advantages of low melting point, good fluidity, high transparency, and mature lamination process. However, EVA has a high water vapor permeability and water absorption rate. During the long-term use of photovoltaic modules, water vapor can easily penetrate from the edge and reach the battery surface, causing power attenuation of photovoltaic modules, resulting in a decrease in power generation and failure of photovoltaic modules.

[0003] For the above-mentioned water vapor permeation problem, the existing methods are: one is to use a low water permeability and low water absorption film such as ethylene-butylene copolymer (POE), and the other is to use a high water resistance butyl sealant to seal the edges. However, the POE film has poor adhesion to glass, and is costly and has poor processability; while the mechanical properties of butyl sealant are poor, and the adhesion to glass is poor. When butyl sealant is used for edge sealing, interface failure may occur, resulting in water vapor infiltration from the interface between butyl sealant and glass. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a photovoltaic module with better water vapor barrier effect. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a photovoltaic component, which is used to solve the problems of poor water and oxygen barrier performance and easy failure of the existing photovoltaic device, and to improve the service life thereof.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0006] A photovoltaic component comprises a weather-resistant layer, a water-oxygen barrier thin layer, a first adhesive film layer, a battery sheet layer, a second adhesive film layer and a back plate which are stacked in sequence.

[0007] In some embodiments, the weather-resistant layer is made of fluorocarbon resin with a thickness of 2-6 μm. Specifically, the weather-resistant layer includes a PVDF layer, a PEVE layer, etc. As some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the weather-resistant layer is 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, and specific values ​​between the above values; for space considerations, the present invention will no longer exhaustively list the specific values ​​included in the above range.

[0008] In some embodiments, the water and oxygen barrier thin layer includes a substrate layer, a modified layered silicate-UV hybrid coating and a PVA coating from top to bottom, wherein the substrate layer is connected to the weather-resistant layer.

[0009] In some embodiments, the substrate layer includes any one of PET, PI, BOPP, and PE layers, and has a thickness of 15-125 μm. As some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the substrate layer is 15 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 50 μm, 80 μm, 100 μm, 120 μm, 125 μm, and specific values ​​between the above values; for space considerations, the present invention will no longer exhaustively list the specific values ​​included in the above range.

[0010] In some embodiments, the thickness of the modified layered silicate-UV hybrid coating is 4-8 μm. As some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the modified layered silicate-UV hybrid coating is 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, and specific values ​​between the above values; for space considerations, the present invention will no longer exhaustively list the specific values ​​included in the above range.

[0011] In some embodiments, the PVA coating is a modified layered zirconium phosphate-PVA mixed coating with a thickness of 1-4 μm. As some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the PVA coating is 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, and specific values ​​between the above values; for space considerations, the present invention will no longer exhaustively list the specific values ​​included in the above range.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first adhesive film layer and the second adhesive film layer are each independently an EVA adhesive film or a POE adhesive film; the thickness of the first adhesive film layer and the second adhesive film layer are each independently 100-300 μm. As some embodiments of the utility model, the thickness of the first adhesive film layer and the second adhesive film layer are each independently 100 μm, 120 μm, 150 μm, 200 μm, 220 μm, 240 μm, 250 μm, 280 μm, 300 μm, and specific point values ​​between the said point values; for the sake of space considerations, the utility model no longer exhaustively lists the specific point values ​​included in the said range.

[0013] In some of the embodiments, the cell layer is a P-type cell or an N-type cell.

[0014] In some embodiments, the backplane is a glass backplane or a backplane containing a metal layer, and has a thickness of 100-300 μm. As some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the backplane is 100 μm, 120 μm, 150 μm, 200 μm, 220 μm, 240 μm, 250 μm, 280 μm, 300 μm, and specific values ​​between the above values; for space considerations, the present invention will no longer exhaustively list the specific values ​​included in the above range.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0016] (1) The utility model designs the structure of the photovoltaic module and uses a water-oxygen barrier thin layer with a specific composite structure as the front plate. While playing a supporting role, it can greatly improve the water-oxygen barrier performance of the photovoltaic module, avoid the intrusion of water vapor and oxygen and cause module failure, thereby increasing the service life of the photovoltaic module. At the same time, each composite functional layer of the water-oxygen barrier thin layer of the specific composite structure is an organic-inorganic hybrid layer obtained by coating and curing. On the one hand, the adhesion between the layers is stronger; on the other hand, it can reduce the thickness of the photovoltaic module, which is conducive to the miniaturization and thinness of the photovoltaic module; in addition, the organic-inorganic composite structure can be flexible and can be applied to flexible photovoltaic devices.

[0017] (2) The utility model provides a modified layered silicate-UV mixed coating and a modified layered zirconium phosphate-PVA mixed coating in the water and oxygen barrier thin layer, and utilizes the two-dimensional size structure and parallel arrangement of the layered silicate and the layered zirconium phosphate to hinder the diffusion of water vapor and oxygen molecules, thereby improving the water and oxygen barrier performance of the composite structure; at the same time, by arranging the layered silicate and the layered zirconium phosphate as modified materials, the stability and adhesion of each function are further improved, thereby improving the stability of the photovoltaic module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic module of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water and oxygen barrier thin layer of the utility model;

[0021] Among them: 1-cell layer, 2-first adhesive film layer, 3-water and oxygen barrier layer, 31-substrate layer, 32-modified layered silicate-UV mixed coating, 33-PVA coating, 4-weather resistant layer, 5-second adhesive film layer, 6-back sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with specific embodiments to clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the utility model provides a photovoltaic module, comprising a weather-resistant layer 4, a water-oxygen barrier thin layer 3, a first adhesive film layer 2, a battery layer 1, a second adhesive film layer 5 and a back sheet 6 which are stacked in sequence. By providing the water-oxygen barrier thin layer 3, it also serves as a photovoltaic front sheet, has a good barrier effect on water vapor and oxygen, can reduce the contact between the battery and water vapor, has high transparency, does not affect battery efficiency and can avoid failure, and greatly improves the service life.

[0024] Specifically, the weather-resistant layer 4 is made of fluorocarbon resin, such as PVDF layer, PEVE, etc. The thickness of the weather-resistant layer is 2-6 μm, such as 2 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, etc. The weather-resistant layer 4 is located at the outermost side of the photovoltaic module, which can protect the module and extend the service life of the module.

[0025] Specifically, the water-oxygen barrier thin layer 3 includes a substrate layer 31 , a modified layered silicate-UV hybrid coating 32 and a PVA coating 33 from top to bottom, wherein the substrate layer 31 is connected to the weather-resistant layer 4 . The water-oxygen barrier thin layer 3 serves as a photovoltaic front panel, wherein the substrate layer 31 serves as a supporting layer, which is used to correspond to the photovoltaic back panel; a layered silicate-UV hybrid coating 32 and a PVA coating 33 are sequentially coated on the substrate layer 31, wherein the layered silicate is a two-dimensional material, which is orderly dispersed in a parallel orientation in the hybrid coating to form a "brick-and-mud" structure, which can extend the permeation path of small molecules, thereby hindering the diffusion of water vapor molecules and improving the water vapor barrier performance of the composite structure; by modifying the layered silicate, for example, using alkyl quaternary ammonium salts and silane coupling agents for modification, the compatibility of the layered silicate with the UV material can be improved, so that the modified layered silicate-UV hybrid coating 32 has better stability and can better adhere to the substrate layer 31; by setting the PVA coating 33, it can have oxygen barrier properties, which can further prevent oxygen from invading the battery cell layer 1.

[0026] Specifically, the substrate layer 31 includes any one of PET, PI, BOPP, and PE layers, and has a thickness of 15-125 μm, such as 15 μm, 50 μm, and 125 μm, etc. The thickness of the modified layered silicate-UV hybrid coating 32 is 4-8 μm, such as 4 μm, 6 μm, and 8 μm, etc. The PVA coating 33 is a modified layered zirconium phosphate-PVA hybrid coating, and has a thickness of 1-4 μm, such as 1 μm, 3 μm, and 4 μm, etc. The PVA coating 33 is obtained by compounding PVA with the modified layered zirconium phosphate. On the one hand, the two-dimensional structural characteristics of the layered zirconium phosphate are used to further block small oxygen molecules. On the other hand, the layered zirconium phosphate is stripped and modified and acidified using a stripping agent such as tromethamine, which can be combined with the silicate in the modified layered silicate-UV hybrid coating 32 through chemical bonds, thereby improving the adhesion of the PVA coating 33 to the modified layered silicate-UV hybrid coating 32. The PVA coating 33 is arranged inside the layered silicate-UV hybrid coating 32, so as to protect the PVA coating 33 from the influence of the high humidity environment and solve the problem of the decreased oxygen barrier ability in the high humidity environment.

[0027] Specifically, the first adhesive film layer 2 and the second adhesive film layer 5 are each independently an EVA adhesive film or a POE adhesive film; the thickness of the first adhesive film layer 2 and the second adhesive film layer 5 is each independently 100-300 μm, for example, 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, etc. The adhesive film layer mainly serves to bond the battery cell with the film or the backplane, and also serves as a support and insulation function.

[0028] Specifically, the cell layer 1 is a P-type cell or an N-type cell.

[0029] Specifically, the back plate 6 is a glass back plate or a back plate containing a metal layer, and has a thickness of 100-300 μm, such as 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, etc. The back plate plays a role of water blocking and supporting.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] The present embodiment provides a photovoltaic module, which includes, from top to bottom, a weather-resistant layer 4, a water and oxygen barrier thin layer 3, a first adhesive film layer 2, a battery cell layer 1, a second adhesive film layer 5 and a back sheet 6.

[0032] Among them, the weather-resistant layer 4 is a PVDF layer with a thickness of 2μm; the water and oxygen barrier thin layer 3 includes, from top to bottom, a PET layer with a thickness of 125μm, a modified layered silicate-UV mixed coating with a thickness of 6μm, and a modified layered zirconium phosphate-PVA mixed coating with a thickness of 2μm; the first adhesive film layer 2 is an EVA adhesive film with a thickness of 100μm; the battery cell layer 1 is a P-type battery cell; the second adhesive film layer 5 is an EVA adhesive film with a thickness of 100μm; the back panel 6 is a glass back panel with a thickness of 300μm.

[0033] The photovoltaic module has excellent 1000h resistance to heat and humidity aging and 90KWH resistance to ultraviolet aging; the water and oxygen barrier layer WVTR = 1.2 × 10 -3 g / m 2 / 24h,OTR=3.6×10 -2 cm 3 / m 2 / 24h.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] The present embodiment provides a photovoltaic module, which includes, from top to bottom, a weather-resistant layer 4, a water and oxygen barrier thin layer 3, a first adhesive film layer 2, a battery cell layer 1, a second adhesive film layer 5 and a back sheet 6.

[0036] Among them, the weather-resistant layer 4 is a PEVE layer with a thickness of 4μm; the water and oxygen barrier thin layer 3 includes, from top to bottom, a PET layer mixed coating with a thickness of 125μm, a modified layered silicate-UV mixed coating with a thickness of 8μm, and a modified layered zirconium phosphate-PVA mixed coating with a thickness of 4μm; the first adhesive film layer 2 is a POE adhesive film with a thickness of 100μm; the battery cell layer 1 is an N-type battery cell; the second adhesive film layer 5 is a POE adhesive film with a thickness of 100μm; the backplane 6 is a metal backplane with a thickness of 300μm.

[0037] The photovoltaic module has excellent 1000h resistance to heat and humidity aging and 90KWH resistance to ultraviolet aging; the water and oxygen barrier layer WVTR = 0.9 × 10 -3 g / m 2 / 24h,OTR=2.3×10 -2 cm 3 / m 2 / 24h.

[0038] In summary, the utility model designs the structure of the photovoltaic module, and uses the water-oxygen barrier thin layer 3 with a specific composite structure as the front plate. While playing a supporting role, it can greatly improve the water-oxygen barrier performance of the photovoltaic module, avoid the intrusion of water vapor and oxygen and cause the module to fail, thereby increasing the service life of the photovoltaic module. At the same time, the composite functional layer of the water-oxygen barrier thin layer 3 of the specific composite structure is an organic-inorganic hybrid layer, which is obtained by coating and curing. On the one hand, the adhesion between the layers is stronger; on the other hand, it can reduce the thickness of the photovoltaic module, which is conducive to the miniaturization and thinness of the photovoltaic module; furthermore, the organic-inorganic composite structure can be flexible and can be applied to flexible photovoltaic devices.

[0039] The utility model is further described above with the help of specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the specific description here should not be construed as limiting the essence and scope of the utility model. Various modifications made to the above embodiments by ordinary technicians in this field after reading this specification are all within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: It includes a weather-resistant layer, a water and oxygen barrier thin layer, a first adhesive film layer, a battery sheet layer, a second adhesive film layer and a back sheet which are stacked in sequence; The water and oxygen barrier thin layer includes a substrate layer, a modified layered silicate-UV mixed coating and a PVA coating from top to bottom, wherein the substrate layer is connected to the weather-resistant layer; The substrate layer includes any one of PET, PI, BOPP and PE layers, and has a thickness of 15-125 μm; The thickness of the modified layered silicate-UV hybrid coating is 4-8 μm; The PVA coating is a modified layered zirconium phosphate-PVA mixed coating with a thickness of 1-4 μm.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weather-resistant layer is made of fluorocarbon resin and has a thickness of 2-6 μm.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first adhesive film layer and the second adhesive film layer are each independently an EVA adhesive film or a POE adhesive film; the thickness of the first adhesive film layer and the second adhesive film layer are each independently 100-300 μm.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cell layer is a P-type cell or an N-type cell.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backplane is a glass backplane or a backplane containing a metal layer, and has a thickness of 100-300 μm.

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