Cyclone separator capable of preventing dust deposition

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cyclone separator capable of preventing ash deposition, which belongs to the technical field of waste incineration equipment, and comprises a main body, a separation cavity is arranged in the main body, the outer wall of the periphery of the main body is connected with a support, the separation cavity comprises a cavity body, and the cavity body is arranged along the inner wall of the periphery of the main body. According to the cyclone separator, the steel plate layer is matched with the inner wall heat preservation pouring material layer to form the cavity, the conical inner wall at the bottom end is attached through the fire-resistant heat preservation cotton, the fire-resistant brick layer and the ceramic block are arranged on the straight-barrel-shaped inner wall at the top to bear flue gas separation, and the ceramic block is smaller than the fire-resistant brick layer in thickness and is connected with the fire-resistant heat preservation cotton at the bottom to form a smooth inner wall face. The zirconia ceramic inner wall keeps good high-temperature resistance, the surface impact strength is high, the abraded surface is small in the separation process, and the abrasion resistance rate can be improved in the long-term use and smoke separation effect, so that the inner wall is kept smooth, ash deposition is avoided, and the phenomena that the boiler operation cycle is shortened and the boiler is unplanned to shut down due to ash deposition of a return feeder are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of garbage incineration equipment, in particular to a cyclone separator for preventing dust accumulation. Background Art

[0002] At present, the main forms of garbage disposal are landfill and incineration. As the landfill treatment of garbage has been increasingly restricted by environmental sites, the landfills in some places are already piled up like mountains and there is no place to accommodate them. Therefore, the harmless treatment method of garbage incineration has to become the main garbage disposal method in my country's urban development stage. Generally, the incineration operation is mostly completed by an incinerator, and the garbage incinerator is a harmless treatment equipment commonly used in the harmless treatment of medical and domestic waste and animals. Its principle is to use the combustion of fuels such as coal, oil, and gas to burn and carbonize the objects to be treated at high temperature to achieve the purpose of disinfection. During the incineration process, the solid particles and water droplets in the flue gas need to be separated by the boiler cyclone separator, so as to prevent the corrosion and wear of the solid particulate matter in the boiler flue on the boiler components, slow down the aging of the equipment, and extend the service life of the boiler.

[0003] As one of the most important components of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, the cyclone separator is mainly used to separate a large amount of high-temperature solid materials from the flue gas and send them back to the combustion chamber to maintain the rapid fluidization state of the combustion chamber and ensure multiple circulations, repeated combustion and reactions of the materials to achieve the ideal combustion efficiency. During the long-term use of the boiler cyclone separator, the coal powder particles carried in the flue gas will impact the separator. At the same time, the severity of wear is closely related to the size, speed and concentration of the coal powder particles. It is also related to the physical properties of the coal powder particles themselves. The larger the particles and the faster the speed, the greater the energy of the particles, the greater the impact force, the greater the concentration, the greater the frequency of impact, the more severe the wear, the higher the hardness of the particles and the sharper the geometric shape, the more severe the wear. Under the action of centrifugal separation, the particles entering the furnace of the cyclone separator will quickly erode the solid wall in a tangential direction, and the wear caused by the cutting of the inner wall will cause microcracks or plastic deformation of the fireproof bricks on the inner wall. Over time, the entire refractory and wear-resistant layer will fall off and the inner wall will be uneven.

[0004] The refractory bricks of the above-mentioned boiler cyclone separator are seriously damaged, resulting in uneven inner wall of the cyclone separator, affecting the downward flow of return ash, seriously affecting the long-term operation of the boiler and the safety and environmental risks brought about by the cleaning operation. The boiler operation cycle is reduced due to ash accumulation in the return feeder, unplanned shutdowns, etc. The usual way to deal with ash accumulation on the inner wall is to periodically replace the refractory bricks on the inner wall to maintain the smoothness of the inner wall, but the replacement cycle is long, and the internal anti-ash accumulation property cannot be maintained during this period. For this reason, we propose an anti-ash accumulation cyclone separator. Utility Model Content

[0005] The content of this application is used to introduce concepts in a brief form, which will be described in detail in the detailed implementation section below. The content of this application is not intended to identify the key features or essential features of the technical solution claimed for protection, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the technical solution claimed for protection.

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a cyclone separator for preventing dust accumulation, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a cyclone separator for preventing dust accumulation, comprising a main body, a separation chamber is arranged inside the main body, and the outer walls around the main body are connected to brackets, the separation chamber comprises a cavity, the cavity is opened along the inner walls around the main body, and the outer walls around the cavity are provided with a steel plate layer, the inner wall of the steel plate layer is bonded with a thermal insulation casting material layer, and the bottom inner wall of the thermal insulation casting material layer is bonded with refractory thermal insulation cotton, the top inner wall of the thermal insulation casting material layer is bonded with a refractory brick layer, and the inner wall of the refractory brick layer is clamped with a ceramic block, and a clamping pile is arranged on one side of the ceramic block.

[0008] Furthermore, the thermal insulation casting material layer is evenly distributed along the inner walls around the steel plate layer, and the fire-resistant thermal insulation cotton is in contact with the inner walls around the bottom of the thermal insulation casting material layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the ceramic blocks are arranged in a ring shape along the inner wall around the refractory brick layer, and the ceramic blocks are engaged with the inner wall of the refractory brick layer through the clamping piles.

[0010] Furthermore, the main body includes a main frame, and a smoke inlet is provided on one side of the top of the main frame, a cover is provided on the top of the main frame, and clamps are fitted around the bottom of the cover, a smoke exhaust pipe is opened in the middle of the top of the cover, and a discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the main frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the main frame is sealed with the cover through a clamping ring, and the main frame is connected to the smoke exhaust pipe and the material discharge pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the bracket includes a base, and a support rod is provided on the bottom surface of the base, and an inner ring is connected to the middle part of the support rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the support rods are connected to the base and the inner ring by welding, and the support rods are evenly distributed around the base and the inner ring.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] The cyclone separator is reinforced with a steel plate layer as the external structure, and a cavity is formed by combining with an inner wall insulation casting material layer. The conical inner wall at the bottom is laminated with refractory insulation cotton, and the straight cylindrical inner wall at the top is provided with a refractory brick layer and a ceramic block to withstand the centrifugal force of the flue gas entering. The thickness of the ceramic block is lower than the refractory brick layer and is connected to the bottom refractory insulation cotton to form a smooth inner wall surface. The ceramic block is made of zirconia ceramic material. While maintaining good high-temperature resistance, the material surface has high impact resistance and small wear surface, which can improve the wear resistance rate in long-term use and flue gas separation, thereby keeping the inner wall smooth to avoid ash accumulation, and avoiding the reduction of boiler operation cycle and unplanned shutdown caused by ash accumulation in the return feeder;

[0016] The cyclone separator is closed by connecting the main frame and the cover through a clamp ring. The smoke enters through the smoke inlet and is separated. Then the gas is discharged from the top exhaust pipe, while the solid material is discharged from the discharge pipe and returned to the boiler combustion chamber to ensure circulation. The cover can be disassembled by removing the bolts around the clamp ring, so as to facilitate the subsequent replacement of the internal refractory brick layer or ceramic block, providing convenience;

[0017] This separator provides stable support for the connected main body through the base and the distributed support rods, and cooperates with the inner ring connected to the middle end of the support rod to provide stable support for the conical structure at the bottom of the main body, thereby improving the overall stability of the separator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the separation chamber of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the ceramic block in the separation chamber of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the bracket of the utility model.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Main body; 101. Main frame; 102. Smoke inlet; 103. Cover; 104. Clamp; 105. Smoke exhaust pipe; 106. Discharge pipe; 2. Separation chamber; 201. Cavity; 202. Steel plate layer; 203. Insulation casting material layer; 204. Refractory insulation cotton; 205. Refractory brick layer; 206. Ceramic block; 207. Clamp; 3. Bracket; 301. Base; 302. Support rod; 303. Inner ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are only for exemplary purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0024] It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the drawings. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0025] It should be noted that the concepts of "first" and "second" mentioned in this disclosure are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units.

[0026] It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "plurality" mentioned in the present disclosure are illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly indicated in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0027] The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0028] The utility model provides Figure 1-4 The cyclone separator for preventing dust accumulation shown in the figure comprises a main body 1, a separation chamber 2 is arranged inside the main body 1, and the outer walls around the main body 1 are connected with brackets 3, the main body 1 comprises a main frame 101, and a smoke inlet 102 is arranged on one side of the top of the main frame 101, a cover 103 is arranged on the top of the main frame 101, and a clamping ring 104 is attached around the bottom of the cover 103, a smoke exhaust pipe 105 is opened at the middle end of the top of the cover 103, and a discharge pipe 106 is connected to the bottom of the main frame 101;

[0029] In order to maintain the stability of the overall structure for the separation of boiler flue gas, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cyclone separator is closed by connecting the main frame 101 and the cover 103 through the clamping ring 104. The flue gas enters through the smoke inlet 102 and is separated. The gas is then discharged from the top exhaust pipe 105, while the solid material is discharged from the discharge pipe 106 and returns to the boiler combustion chamber to ensure circulation. The cover 103 can be disassembled by removing the bolts around the clamping ring 104, so as to facilitate the subsequent replacement of the internal refractory brick layer 205 or ceramic block 206, providing convenience.

[0030] like Figure 2-3As shown, the separation chamber 2 includes a cavity 201, the cavity 201 is opened along the inner wall around the main body 1, and the outer wall around the cavity 201 is provided with a steel plate layer 202, the inner wall of the steel plate layer 202 is bonded with a thermal insulation casting material layer 203, and the bottom inner wall of the thermal insulation casting material layer 203 is bonded with a refractory thermal insulation cotton 204, the top inner wall of the thermal insulation casting material layer 203 is bonded with a refractory brick layer 205, and the inner wall of the refractory brick layer 205 is clamped with a ceramic block 206, and a clamping pile 207 is provided on one side of the ceramic block 206;

[0031] In order to avoid dust accumulation on the inner wall of the separator due to long-term use, Figure 2-3 As shown, the inner wall of the cyclone separator is reinforced with a steel plate layer 202 as the external structure, and is combined with an inner wall insulation casting material layer 203 to form a cavity. The conical inner wall at the bottom is fitted with refractory insulation cotton 204, and the straight cylindrical inner wall at the top is provided with a refractory brick layer 205 and a ceramic block 206 to withstand the centrifugal force of the flue gas entering. The thickness of the ceramic block 206 is lower than the refractory brick layer 205 and is connected to the bottom refractory insulation cotton 204 to form a smooth inner wall surface. The ceramic block 206 is made of zirconia ceramic material. While maintaining good high-temperature resistance, the surface of the material has high impact resistance and a small wear surface. The wear resistance rate can be improved during long-term use and flue gas separation, thereby keeping the inner wall smooth and avoiding ash accumulation, avoiding the reduction of the boiler operation cycle due to ash accumulation in the return feeder, and the unplanned shutdown phenomenon. When the inner wall needs to be processed, the inner wall layer composed of multiple groups of ceramic blocks 206 is easy to dismantle, has a long service life and reduces the construction process.

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, the bracket 3 includes a base 301, and a support rod 302 is provided on the bottom surface of the base 301, and an inner ring 303 is connected to the middle of the support rod 302;

[0033] Finally, in order to improve the overall separator installation and mounting stability, Figure 4 As shown, this separator provides stable support to the connected main body 1 through the base 301 and the distributed support rods 302, and cooperates with the inner ring 303 connected to the middle end of the support rod 302 to stably support the conical structure at the bottom of the main body 1, thereby improving the overall stability of the separator.

[0034] In summary, when the separator is in use, the boiler combustion flue gas enters through the smoke inlet 102 and is separated by centrifugal force. Then the gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 105 at the top of the main frame 101, and the solid material is discharged from the discharge pipe 106 at the bottom of the main frame 101 and returns to the boiler combustion chamber to ensure circulation. The dust generated in the process will be thrown onto the surface of the ceramic block 206 by the centrifugal force. Since the surface of the ceramic block 206 is relatively smooth, the dust will fall into the discharge pipe 106 with gravity. When the ceramic block 206 and the refractory brick layer 205 need to be replaced after long-term use, the construction personnel will first determine the work area and the on-site equipment structure before entering the site, and transport the tools, castables, grabs and other auxiliary materials to the seven-meter operating layer of the boiler under the premise of taking safety measures. A work ticket will be issued after the boiler is shut down. , take safety measures, wait for the boiler to drop to room temperature, and clean up the ash in the cyclone separator cone at the same time, build a protective fence on site to avoid cross-operation, and remove the ceramic block 206 of the cyclone separator from the refractory brick layer 205 through the pile 207 in sequence, and then remove the refractory brick layer 205, refractory insulation cotton 204, and grabs in turn and transport them to the designated location. After the insulation casting material layer 203 is completely removed, the cyclone separator is welded according to the drawings, and scaffolding is set up when necessary. After completion, 190mm insulation casting material is laid first, and refractory bricks are used for repair after hardening. Each layer of refractory bricks must be constructed according to the drawings to ensure a smooth and tidy surface. Finally, the ceramic block 206 is stacked again and snapped with the refractory bricks to form an inner wall. After the construction is completed, the separator is baked in the furnace, and the safety facilities are withdrawn after the work is completed.

[0035] The above descriptions are only some preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and an explanation of the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to the technical solutions formed by a specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the above inventive concept. For example, the above features are replaced with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A cyclone separator for preventing dust accumulation, comprising a main body (1), characterized in that: A separation chamber (2) is provided inside the main body (1), and the outer walls around the main body (1) are connected to a bracket (3), the separation chamber (2) comprises a cavity (201), the cavity (201) is opened along the inner walls around the main body (1), and the outer walls around the cavity (201) are provided with a steel plate layer (202), the inner wall of the steel plate layer (202) is bonded with a thermal insulation casting material layer (203), and the bottom inner wall of the thermal insulation casting material layer (203) is bonded with refractory thermal insulation cotton (204), the top inner wall of the thermal insulation casting material layer (203) is bonded with a refractory brick layer (205), and the inner wall of the refractory brick layer (205) is clamped with a ceramic block (206), and a clamping pile (207) is provided on one side of the ceramic block (206).

2. The dust-preventing cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation casting material layer (203) is evenly distributed along the inner walls around the steel plate layer (202), and the fire-resistant thermal insulation cotton (204) is in contact with the inner walls around the bottom of the thermal insulation casting material layer (203).

3. The dust-preventing cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic blocks (206) are arranged in a ring shape along the inner wall around the refractory brick layer (205), and the ceramic blocks (206) are engaged with the inner wall of the refractory brick layer (205) via the clamping piles (207).

4. The dust-preventing cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body (1) comprises a main frame (101), and a smoke inlet (102) is arranged on one side of the top end of the main frame (101), a cover (103) is arranged on the top end of the main frame (101), and clamping rings (104) are fitted around the bottom end of the cover (103), a smoke exhaust pipe (105) is arranged at the middle end of the top of the cover (103), and a discharge pipe (106) is connected to the bottom end of the main frame (101).

5. The dust-preventing cyclone separator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main frame (101) is sealed with the cover (103) via a clamping ring (104), and the main frame (101) is connected to the smoke exhaust pipe (105) and the material discharge pipe (106).

6. The dust-preventing cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support (3) comprises a base (301), and a support rod (302) is provided on the bottom surface of the base (301), and an inner sleeve ring (303) is connected to the middle of the support rod (302).

7. The dust-preventing cyclone separator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support rods (302) are connected to the base (301) and the inner sleeve ring (303) by welding, and the support rods (302) are evenly distributed around the base (301) and the inner sleeve ring (303).

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